Abstract: The subject of this research is the peculiarities of cognitive (memory, attention) and emotional-volitional (manifestations of anxiety and depression, motivation towards recovery) spheres of the patients with severe dysfunctions of cerebral circulation of ischemic type in the early and late rehabilitation period. The relevance of this topic is defined by commonness of the ischemic stroke, growing number of incapacitating consequences, and mortality rate in Russia. Ischemic stroke leads to the change of physical, social and psychological status of a patient, worsening of quality of life, and unfavorable prognosis for recovery. The scientific novelty consists in assessment of the dynamics of indicators in cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres of the post-stroke patients at various states of rehabilitation treatment. It is determined that the highest positive dynamics in cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres is observed at the early stage of rehabilitation. The resource and deficiency characteristics, which are most important for selecting the target of psychological interventions, are determined for each group of patients. In the cognitive sphere are noted veracious differences in the capacity of auditory-verbal short-term and long-term memory, memory for images, allocation and shifting of attention. In the emotional-volitional sphere – the indicators of depression and anxiety, motivation towards recovery. The presented data underlines the need for simultaneous provision of psychological rehabilitation and medication interventions for fullest readaptation of a patient to life at all stages of rehabilitation.