Abstract: The positive influence of playing games with students has often been the subject of scientific papers, which is confirmed by articles by Z. K. Moldakhmedova, A. A. Kadieva, A. A. Shatilova and other researchers. However, the genesis of the game, which allows us to find the phenomenon's origins in the era of syncretism (A. N. Veselovsky), despite the work of L. S. Vygotsky, is still not fully understood. Meanwhile, understanding the essence of the game allows one to introduce it as a component of learning in the process of mastering a foreign language, including overcoming the border "friend-foe" (Y. M. Lotman) and to be able to feel freedom (J. Huizinga) to obtain and consolidate knowledge. Thus, the purpose of this work is to study the genesis of the game as a phenomenon rooted in the syncretic era (where it existed as part of a ritual) in identifying the possibilities of the game situation for the realization of creative (mimetic) activity of students, to overcome language barriers. In light of this approach, the game becomes not an element that can relieve the tension of "serious work" but a special optics that allows one to perceive cognitive activity differently. The main work method is the genetic method proposed by O. M. Freudenberg. The theoretical basis of the research is the works of Y. M. Lotman, A. N. Veselovsky, M. M. Bakhtin, O. M. Freudenberg, L. S. Vygotsky, and other scientists.

Abstract: The goal of this article consists in determination of the underlying concept and motif of the poem "The Nibelungenlied". For achieving the set goal, the author applies the strategy of "antiquarism" – refer to the values of the era of creation of the poem and substantiate its historical-cultural prerequisites. Leaning on the theoretical and historical poetics, the presence of the author is claimed as a category of text in the work of the eidetic era, which allows analyzing the artistic whole on the level of selection of lexical units, as well as comparing the characters based on the category of specularity as a structure-forming element. The conducted research reveals the pattern of the emergence and realization of the motive of struggle against arrogance as the underlying concept of the "The Nibelungenlied" common to all characters, which determines the plot and structure of the poem on different levels of artistic unity of the text. The strategy of "antiquarism" allowed analyzing "The Nibelungenlied" according to the views of the era of its creation, and extract the key motif of the poem as a significant aspect of human life of that time – the harmonious acceptance of the fate. “The Nibelungenlied” embodies the idea of struggle against haughtiness and arrogance, which is opposed to serving a noble calling and fulfilling a duty. Theoretical poetics indicates the shift in the mode of artistry (from heroic to tragic). The focus on historical poetics reveals the underlying concept of the poem, which is essential for structuring and completing the artistic whole in the eidetic era. Therefore, arrogance as the key motif of the poem is substantiated historically and textually.