Abstract: The article examines the patterns of the spread of economic crime in the Russian Federation, as well as the law enforcement practice of combating economic and corruption crimes related to the distribution and use of budget funds allocated for the implementation of national projects and federal targeted programs. The increase in embezzlement of budget funds has a negative impact on all aspects of public life: it destabilizes the rule of law, disorganizes public relations, undermines trust in the highest state authorities, as a result of which it has a corrupting effect on the administrative apparatus, leads to budget depletion, etc. In this regard, the priority task is to organize proper control over the distribution and expenditure of budget funds in all areas of the economy. The article provides a theoretical and practical analysis of the essence of criminological, operational-investigative and criminal-legal bases for combating economic and corruption-related crimes related to the distribution and use of budget funds allocated for the implementation of national projects and federal targeted programs. The novelty lies in a number of conclusions formulated in the course of the study. In particular: a) the signs of the crimes under consideration are highlighted; b) the main directions of criminal aspirations in the field of economic activity are identified; c) the methods of committing the theft in question are highlighted, a number of signs are identified that indicate an increasing public danger of economic crime, etc.