Abstract: This is the first article to tell the story of translation of Mikhail Sholokov's novel 'The Silent Don' to the Persian language and give a comparative analysis of two main translations of the novel, by M. Etemadzade (Behazin) and A. Shamlu who presented two opposite approaches to translation, ideological and linguistic. The author of the article analyzes the first translation of the novel The Silent Don in Farsi made by a major Iranian translator Behazin in 1965 against the Iran socio-political situation of the 1960s and describes pluses and minuses of his translation. Special attention is paid to the translation of 'The Silent Don' in the translation of a famous translator and poet A. Shamlu and response of the Iranian readers to it. Following the 'domestication' translation strategy and trying to demonstrate the treasure of the Persian language, Shamlu devoted seven years to the translation and wrote a true master-piece of Persian literature. 

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of visual peotry in the literature of ancient Iran as well as the relation between ancient Persian literature of the Xth century and European (French) poetry of the XIXth - XXth century, in particular, the influence of the latter on the former. Based on the example of calligrams of a French avant-garde poet Guillaume Apollinaire the author of the article studies the hypothesis about European authors borrowing graphical forms and visual techniques from ancient Persian sources. Pulaki focuses on such genre of Persian visual poetry as توشیح (toshih) and its kinds. In addition,the author also views the phenomenon of visuality in the Azerbaijani style of Iran poetry of the XIIth century. The researcher analyzes forms of visual poetry in the literature of ancient Iran as well as analyzes the relation between ancient Persian literature of the Xth century and European (French) poetry of the XIXth - XXth century expressed as the influence of the former on the latter based on the examples of calligrams of a French avant-garde poet Guillaume Apollinaire.