Abstract: This article is dedicated to the problem of assessing mutual influence of economic and demographic factors in the development of large cities (on example of cities of the Siberian Federal District). The goal lies in the analysis of trends and factors of mutual influence of demographic potential and economic development of the large cities. The research results demonstrate that the total number of cities in the Siberian Federal District for the past decade remains virtually the same. However, the author underlines the unevenness of socioeconomic development of cities, as well as noticeable changes in their structure and population. A set of indicators for assessing the dynamics of urban development based on the analysis of economic and socio-demographic trends is proposed. The dynamics of development of large cities of the Siberian Federal District and their rating is evaluated, which allows determining the areas of territorial growth. Using the Zipf curves, the author determines the even “saturation” of cities of the Siberian Federal District; and simultaneously observes the reverse trend of improving the parameters of settlement affected by rapid growth of the largest cities. It is forecasted that the portion of urban population will gradually increase The conclusion is made on the need to consider the determined link between socio-demographic and economic processing in elaboration of government policy measures in the area of spatial development of the Siberian Federal District.