Abstract: The article studies the problem of anonymous access to medical services. The authors give special attention to the analysis of the current legislation and the materials of judicial practice in order to detect the types of medical services which can be delivered on the anonymous basis. The authors study the concept of a pseudonym. The research methodology is based on general scientific and specific research methods, such as the formal-legal, analytical, the methods of system analysis and synthesis. The authors enumerate the types of medical services which can be delivered on the anonymous basis, and analyze the conditions of their delivery. The authors prove that pseudonyms can be legally used for medical services delivery. At the same time, the authors note that if a citizen uses a pseudonym or a fictive name to get medical care, it can potentially cause difficulties with protecting his or her rights in the case of any claims. 

Abstract: This article examines the question of drawing up the will using the alternative to notarial method under the simplified procedure. Special attention is given to the historical analysis of the last will that in the late XIX century comprised a special group of privileged will subordinate to the drafting and storage regulations. The authors conducted a comparative analysis between the conditions of the last will drawn up in the Roman Empire, and such drafted in rare circumstances in the Russian Empire in accordance with the existing legislation of the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty consists in consideration of the changes in content of the will drawn up under the simplified procedure. Having analyzed the legislation of the present judicial practice, the authors concluded that the legal regulation of the last will with certain transformation passed into the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, and at the present stage qualifies as the will drafted in rare circumstances.