Reference:
Rozin V.M..
Mental trauma and healing. Existential choice or conscious building of own life (based on the book “The Choice” by Edith Eva Eger)
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 84-94.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.3.32787.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.3.32787
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Abstract: This article discusses two fundamental; topics ‒ the nature of mental trauma and the story of recovery of Edith Eva Eger, reflected in the book “The Choice”. However, in interpretation and comprehension of book material, the author leans on his original “theory of mental realities”. Within the framework of this theory, the characteristics is given to mental trauma and ways to overcome it. The two key methods are highlighted: re-experiences and mimicry of the events of the realities lived through by a person. The author believes that it would help better understanding of the twists and turns of the fate of Edith Eva Eger described in the book. The following methodology was applied in the course of this work: articulation of the problems, comparative and situational analysis, construction of concepts, analysis and interpretation of texts. As a result, the author was able to demonstrate applicability of the theory of mental realities, introduce the concept of mental trauma, determine the two main ways of recovery (re-experiences that suggest direct reproduction of that underlies the trauma, and mimicry of these facts with the current reality), as well as theoretically comprehend the by Edith Eva Eger “The Choice”.
Keywords: problems, healing, help, worries, fear, consciousness, psyche, trauma, prison, meaning
References:
Volkov P. Raznoobrazie chelovecheskikh mirov (Rukovodstvo po profilaktike dushevnykh rasstroystv). ‒ M : Agraf, 2000. ‒ 528 s.
Nazloyan G.M. Zerkal'nyy dvoynik. Utrata i obretenie. Psikhoterapiya metodom skul'pturnogo portretirovaniya. M.: Druza: Mosk. in-t maskoterapii, 1994.
Rozin V.M. Metodologicheskie problemy psikhologii. 2-e izd. M.: Yurayt, 2019. 358 s.
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Rozin V.M. Uchenie o snovideniyakh i psikhicheskikh real'nostey ‒ odno iz usloviy psikhologicheskoy
Reference:
Pazukhina S.V., Romanova E.V., Turevskaya E.I., Hvalina N.A..
Communicative Tolerance as a Personal Resource in the System of Extremism Prevention in the Youth Environment
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 103-116.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2017.1.23211.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2017.1.23211
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Abstract: The object of the research is the communicative tolerance of students. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of communicative tolerance of students in a multicultural environment. In particular, the author examines the level of students' communicative tolerance, growth dynamics and differences depending on gender, major (pedagogical or non-pedagogical), and age (curricula). The goal is to study communicative tolerance as a personal resource in the system of prevention of extremism in the youth environment. First- and third-year students and first- and second-year Master students participated in the research. The scope of application: the research results can be used in the course of proving and conducting primary prevention against the spread of extremism among students. To implement the goal, the following set of research methods was used: theoretical analysis of information sources on the problem of tolerance; empirical methods such as pilot experiment, testing, and questioning; and methods of mathematical statistics. Gender peculiarities of communicative tolerance are defined, its specificity at different stages of professional growth of students is shown. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors consider communicative tolerance as a personal resource in the system of prevention of extremism in the youth environment, clarify the notions of the level and dynamics of its development in the student age, gender differences and the specifics of manifestation, and influence on the extremist potential of young people. The main conclusion is that at the stage of primary prevention of extremism in the youth environment, it is necessary to rely on communicative tolerance in addition to social resource, creating necessary conditions for its development at the student age.
Keywords: multicultural environment, youth environment, students, extremism, prevention, intolerance, personal resource, communicative tolerance, testing, dynamics of development
References:
Asmolov, A. G. Formirovanie ustanovok tolerantnogo soznaniya: chto mogut SMI? / A. G. Asmolov // Vek tolerantnosti: Nauchno-publitsisticheskiy vestnik. Vyp. 5. M., 2003. S. 4-10.
Boyko, V. V. Energiya emotsiy v obshchenii: vzglyad na sebya i na drugikh / V.V. Boyko. – M.: Filin', 1996. – 472 s.
Vinogradova, E. G. Sub'ektnye predposylki tolerantnosti lichnosti: avtoref. dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk / E. G. Vinogradova; Nizhegor. gos. ped. un-t. – Sochi, 2002. – 23 s.
Deklaratsiya printsipov tolerantnosti: Dvadtsat' vos'maya sessiya General'noy konferentsii YuNESKO (25 oktyabrya – 16 noyabrya 1995). Parizh: Graal', 1995 g. 16 s.
Ivanova, T. Yu. Funktsional'naya rol' lichnostnykh resursov v obespechenii psikhologicheskogo blagopoluchiya: Dis. ... kand. psikhol. n. / T. Yu. Ivanova. M., 2016. 206 s.
Irkaev, A. G. Tolerantnost' kak aktual'naya problema: k desyatiletiyu Federal'noy tselevoy programmy «Formirovanie ustanovok tolerantnogo soznaniya i profilaktika ekstremizma v rossiyskom obshchestve (2001-2005 gody)» / A. G. Irkaev // Int
Reference:
Shipit'ko O.Yu., Ul'yanova N.Yu., Aliev Sh.G..
Coping Behavior of Individuals Involved in the South-East Ukraine Conflict
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 475-483.
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the coping strategies in difficult life situations that are usually used by individuals who have been involved in the South-East Ukraine conflict this way or another. The authors of the article examine peculiar selection of coping strategies as well as peculiarities of assessing the influence of the Ukrainian conflict as a psychothraumatic situation demonstrated by different groups of respondents, refugees from the Donbass region, military officers working in the frontier zone and civilians living in the Rostov Region. Those were respondents of different sex, age and education. Using the correlation, one-factor and multiple regression analysis, the authors have conducted a differentiated research of the relationship between selected coping strategies and types of post-traumatic reaction to an extreme situation. The authors conclude that there is an interrelated complex of selected coping strategies and peculiarities of reaction to a traumatic situation, in particular, the selection of the adaptive 'problem-solving' strategy combined with the refusal from the emotionally oriented coping strategy allow to overcome the stress situation to the utmost. In conclusion the authors describe opportunities and directions for the practical implementation of the research results and make recommendations for psychologists who work with individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress disorders.
Keywords: military, refugees, Ukrainian conflict, coping strategies, difficult life situation, posttraumatic stress disorder, coping behavior, stress, constructive coping, unconstructive coping
References:
Skinner E. A. Perceived control and the development of coping / E. A. Skinner, M. J. Zimmer-Gembeck // Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping / ed. by S. Folkman. – Oxford: University Press, 2010. – P. 35-62.
Lazarus R. S. Stress, appraisal and coping / R.S. Lazarus, S. Folkman. – New York: Springer, 1984.-456 pp.
Schnurr P. P. Research on posttraumatic stress disorder: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and assessment / P. P. Schnurr, M. J. Friedman, N. C. Bernardy // Journal of Clinical Psychology. – 2002. – V. 58. – P. 877-889.
Shcherbich L. I. Kul'turnye universalii i sotsializatsiya: gendernyy aspekt / L. I. Shcherbich // Sistema tsennostey sovremennogo obshchestva. – 2011. – ¹ 19. – S. 150-157.
Shmakova N. A. Vzaimosvyaz' sotsial'no-psikhologicheskoy adaptatsii i koping-strategiy u menedzherov / N. A. Shmakova // Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo lingvisticheskogo universiteta. – 2013. – ¹ 16 (676). – S. 193-202.
Tushkova K. V. Osobennosti proyavleniy posttravmaticheskogo stres
Reference:
Filatov F.R., Sedykh N.S..
Psychological Assistance to Victims of Terrorist Attacks: Critical Analysis and Development Prospects
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2015. – ¹ 7.
– P. 735-744.
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the psychological aspects of terroristic attacks experience. The problems related to the re-interpretation of life values and changing social guidelines as a result of the experienced trauma are discussed. In this context the organizational and methodological aspects of the psychological support and assistance to victims are analyzed. The efficiency of various psychotherapeutic practices and techniques used during the provision of emergency psychological aid and work aimed at coping with prolonged consequences of a terroristic attack is discussed. The authors summarize the results of their academic research and practical observations. The constructive personal and social strategies to overcome the negative effects of trauma and to find new meanings, goals and positive outlook are analyzed. The authors emphasize the need for specialized preventive activities of state and social institutions and mass media aimed at creating the integrated system of professional interdepartmental interaction and reducing the negative impact of terrorist attacks on public and individual consciousness. The article is also devoted to prospects for the development of a common interdisciplinary conceptual model focusing on the selection, verification and improvement of organizational, educational, psychological and psychotherapeutic methods and techniques which could be used during the periods of both emergency assistance and subsequent rehabilitation.
Keywords: media, effect, act of terrorism, terrorism, victims of terror, psychological assistance, aftermath, psychological support, psychotherapy, prevention
References:
Mitchell J, Everly GS: Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CSID). Ellicot City, Md, Chevron, 1995.
Dubinkina K.A. Realizatsiya kontseptsii pomoshchi razvitiyu na primere deyatel'nosti Programmy Razvitiya OON v Rossii s 1990-kh do serediny 2000-kh godov. // Pravo i politika.-2014.-7.-C. 944-949. DOI: 10.7256/1811-9018.2014.7.8828.
Fromm E. Iskusstvo lyubit'. M. 2012. s. 31
Zhalinskiy A. E. Kriminologicheskaya kharakteristika terrorizma v Rossii // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene.-2012.-2.-C. 22-29.
Musaelyan M.F. Kvalifitsiruyushchie priznaki terroristicheskogo akta: tolkovanie, kvalifikatsiya, sovershenstvovanie (sravnitel'no-pravovoy analiz) // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya / Journal of foreighn legislation and comparative law.-2014.-1.-C. 97-109.
Galkin K. Yu. Psikhicheskie rasstroystva u lits, perenesshikh terroristicheskiy akt v g. Volgodonske 16 sentyabrya 1999 goda (klinika, diagnostika, simptomatika) // Avtoref. K. med. n. M. 2004. 3
Reference:
Sedykh, N. S..
The Role of Information
and Psychological Impact
in the Process of Preparation
of Suicide Terrorists
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2013. – ¹ 10.
– P. 981-991.
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Abstract: The author of the article analyzes peculiarities of information and psychological impact organized by extremists
in order to involve young people into terrorist activities and to train them for commitment of the ‘suicide’ terrorist
action. In this regard, mass communication tolls are views as a discursive system involved in the process of creating and
producing typed meanings. The author also views virtual reality and its role in social construction of the phenomenon
of terrorism and in representation of terrorist activists. The author analyzes psychological techniques that are used to
overcome the fear of death of those who are preparing for becoming an ‘alive bomb’. The author underlines the need
in improvement information and psychological prevention of extremism and terrorism ideologies in a particular social
and historical environment. The author describes opportunities of mass communication tools in formation of antiterrorist
values in the Russian society and stresses out the question about developing pedagogical journalism aimed at
formation of social values and beliefs and influencing personal motives. The author also considers the role of secular
and religious systems of education within the framework of the topic about information and psychological impact by
extremists and prevention of terrorist and extremist activities.
Keywords: terrorism, terrorist, society, communication, information and psychological influence, construction, reality, discourse, propaganda, counteraction, prevention.
References:
Sedykh N.S. Psikhologo – politicheskie osobennosti terrorizma v usloviyakh obshchestva riska // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2013. - 3. - C. 104 - 137. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_525.html
Sovremennyy politicheskiy ekstremizm: ponyatie, istoki, prichiny, ideologiya, problemy, organizatsiya, praktika, profilaktika i protivodeystvie. Ruk. Avt. koll. Dibirov A. –N. Z., Safaraliev G. K. Makhachkala. 2009. 640 s.
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Toffler E. Metamorfozy vlasti. M. 2004. s. 321
Esposito J.L. The Islamic Threat. N.Y.; Oxford, 1992. P. 23
Makarov, M. L. Osnovy teorii diskursa / M. L. Makarov. M., 2003. s.127
Psikhologiya ekstremal'nykh situatsiy: Khrestomatiya / Sost. A. E. Taras K. V. Sel'chenok. Minsk. 2000. 480 s.
Sedykh N. S. Sotsial'no – psikhologicheskie osobennosti vovlecheniya molodezhi v terroristicheskuyu deyatel'nost' // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' ¹ 3 (26) 2013. s.471-481 //
Reference:
Paleeva, N. N..
Values and Risk Situations
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2012. – ¹ 11.
– P. 50-57.
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Abstract: Psychologists have paid attention at adventurous and spontaneous nature of human behavior. Risk is a
constant companion of history. As the Chairman in Pushkin’s the City of the Plague says, ‘there is ravishment in a
fight, abyss and enraged ocean’. This human ability to go towards danger and death and look for special energy and
adrenaline may seem unnatural. But in the long run, it is not only extreme sports or extreme situations or catastrophes
which are accompanied with risk. Risk penetrates all spheres of human life, their consciousness and behavior.
Keywords: psychology, risk, extreme situations, society, consciousness, stereotype, value, behavior, human, motivation.
References:
Gaydenko P.P. Aksiologiya // Filosofskiy slovar'. M., 2001.
Gurevich P.S. Transformatsiya tsennostey na rubezhe tysyacheletiy // Kharakter i lichnost'. Mnogoobrazie i integratsiya kul'turnykh tsennostey na iskhode KhKh veka. M., 1999.
Losskiy N.O. Bog i mirovoe zlo. M., 1994.
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Toffler E. Metamorfozy vlasti. M., 2001.
Frankl V. Osnovy logoterapii. Psikhoterapiya i religiya. SPb, 2000.
Frankl V. Psikhoterapiya na praktike. SPb, 2000.
Frankl V. Chelovek v poiskakh smysla. M., 1990.
Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. Chelovek dlya samogo sebya. M., 2004.
Khaydegger M. Vremya i bytie. M., 1993
Reference:
Sukiasyan, S. G., Tadevosyan, M. Ya..
Personal factor in the genesis and development of post-traumatic stress disorder.
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2010. – ¹ 12.
– P. 82-98.
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Abstract: The authors studied personality changes of
participants of combat activities in the context of a difficult
interaction between trauma and a personality with a social environment. From the point of view of PTSD
the problem of personality is viewed at the three levels:
pre-traumatic personal traits, intra-traumatic personality
disorders and post-traumatic personality disorders. It
is underlined that a personality disorder is an indicator
of severity of PTSD. It is shown that a traumatic influence
can cause not only certain PTSD symptoms but
also personality disorders. According to the authors, the
core of a ‘new’ personality suffering from PTSD is an
unfriendliness and suspiciousness to the world around,
the feeling of emptiness and helplessness, constant feeling
of alienation; high level of anxiety and low level of
a subjective control. The authors also described posttraumatic
changes of personality.
Keywords: psychiatry, combating stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, pre-traumatic personal traits, intra-traumatic personality disorders, post-traumatic personality disorders, personal accentuations, personal transformation, social environment
References:
Alekseeva D.A. Osnovnye tipy psikhicheskoy dezadaptatsii u byvshikh voinov-internatsionalistov: Psi-
khologicheskaya diagnostika i psikhoterapiya: Metod. Rekomend / D.A. Alekseeva, B.D. Karvasarskiy, V.A.
Tashlykov, A.M. Yakubzon. – L.: Izd-vo instituta im. V.M. Bekhtereva, 1990. – 18 s.
Barabash V.I. Psikhonevrologicheskaya pomoshch' v usloviyakh sovremennoy voyny / V.I. Barabash, V.A. Baronov,
O.S. Lobastov. – L.: Meditsina, 1968. – 104 s.
Boyko Yu.P. Osobennosti antistressovoy meditsinskoy pomoshchi pri chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh i ikh pos-
ledstviyakh / Yu.P. Boyko // Sotsial. i klinich. psikhiatr. – 2003. – T. 13. – ¹2. – S. 60-67.
Voloshin V.M. Posttravmaticheskoe stressovoe rasstroystvo (fenomenologiya, klinika, sistematika, dina-
mika i sovremennye podkhody k psikhofarmakoterapii) / V.M. Voloshin. – M.: Anakharsis, 2005. – 200 s.
Gilyarovskiy V.A. Izbrannye trudy / V.A. Gilyarovskiy. – M.: Meditsina, 1973. – 228 s
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Reference:
Zhuykova, M.V..
Peculiarities of coping behavior styles, used for the psychological states control.
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2010. – ¹ 9.
– P. 55-61.
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Abstract: The article reveals the results of research directed to the detection of typical psychological states specific character
of the first, third and fifth year students of psychological and technical specialties in difficult situations of study and everyday living. The styles of coping behavior are considered, used with the purpose of their control. In accordance with the specialty study course specific character was revealed.
Keywords: difficult situations of vital activity, self- regulation, psychological states, coping behavior, the styles of coping behavior
References:
Kryukova T.L. Psikhologiya sovladayushchego povedeniya v raznye periody zhizni: Dis. …d-ra psikhol.nauk: 19.00.13. — Kostroma: RGB, 2006. — 437 s.
Morosanova V.I., Aronova E.A. Samosoznanie i samoregulyatsiya povedeniya/ V.I. Morosanova, E.A. Aronova. — M.: Izd-vo «Institut psikhologii RAN», 2007. — 213 s.
Prokhorov A.O. Teoreticheskie i metodologicheskie aspekty problemy neravnovesnykh psikhicheskikh sostoyaniy // Psikhologiya sostoyaniy. Khrestomatiya / pod red. prof. A.O. Prokhorova. — M.: PER SE; SPb.: Rech', 2004. — S. 262-275.
Reference:
Sukiasyan, S. G., Tadevosyan, M. Ya..
On Etiopathogenetic Influences on War PTSD: Problem State
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2010. – ¹ 7.
– P. 86-95.
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Abstract: This article is a review of a serious of psychological and physical (somatic and traumatic) factors important for development of PTSD. The authors describe a specific dynamics of primary functional and psychological post-stress disorders into exogenic and organic disorders. The authors suggest that this dynamics are based on certain morphological, neuroendocrine and physiological changes in the Central Nervous System which has been proved by a number of neurovisial, hormone and other tests
Keywords: psychology, psychiatry, post-traumatic stress disorder, brain injury, war stress, etiopathogenesis, predisposing factors, neuroendocrine changes, premorbid, stress disorder, comorbid disorders
References:
Bakunts A.G. Psikhicheskie rasstroystva u armyanskikh dobrovol'tsev, srazhavshikhsya v Karabakhe // Obozr. psikhiatr. i med. psikhol., 1994. ¹ 2. s. 77-79.
Vereshchagin N.V., Bragina L.K., Vavilov S.B., Levina G.Ya. Komp'yuternaya tomografiya mozga.M.: Meditsina, 1986. 256 s.
Gel'der M., Get D., Meyo R . Oksfordskoe rukovodstvo po psikhiatrii / Per. s angl. T. Kuchinskoy, N. Polishchuk: V 2-kh t. K.: Sfera, 1999. T. 1. 300 s.
Gerver A.V. O dushevnykh rasstroystvakh na teatre voennykh deystviy // Russkiy vrach. 1915. ¹ 3S. 793-800; ¹ 35. S. 817-821; ¹ 36. S. 841-844.
Gilyarovskiy V.A. Starye i novye problemy psikhiatrii. M.: Medgiz, 1946. 198 s.
Gol'dman S.V. Nevrozy voennogo vremeni (po materialam imperialisticheskoy voyny 1914-1918 gg.) // Psikhozy i psikhonevrozy voyny / Pod red. V.P. Osipova. OGIZ, 1934. S. 46-48.
Gurevich M.O. Psikhiatriya. M.: Medgiz, 1949. 502 s.
Dobrotvorskiy N.M. Dushevnye zabolevaniya v svyazi s voynoy (po literaturnym dannym za 1915-1918 gg.) // Nauchnaya
Reference:
Sukiasyan, S. G..
Terrorism: Illusion or Reality
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2010. – ¹ 5.
– P. 60-74.
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Abstract: The article describes the author’s approach to the problem of terrorism based on the psychopathological analysis of this social occurrence. The author also considered the illusions imposed by the political institutions
Keywords: psychology, terrorism, definition, history, forms, sources, illusions, politics, state institution
References:
Argumenty i fakty. ¹ 34 (21/08/2002).
Budnitskiy O.V. Istoriya terrorizma v Rossii v dokumentakh, biografiyakh, issledovaniyakh. Rostov-na-Donu, 1996, s. 13.
Vasil'ev V.L. Psikhologiya terrorizma // Seriynye ubiystva i sotsial'naya agressiya: Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii. Rostov-na-Donu, 2001. s. 116-119.
Gusher A.I. Problema terrorizma na rubezhe tret'ego tysyacheletiya novoy ery chelovechestva // Evraziyskiy vestnik, 2000. ¹ 3.
Gusher A.I. Problema terrorizma na rubezhe tret'ego tysyacheletiya novoy ery chelovechestva. M: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2002.
Kamyu A. Buntuyushchiy chelovek. M., 1990. s. 245-263.
Kamyu A. Istoricheskiy bunt. V kn.: Psikhologiya chelovecheskoy agressivnosti: Khrestomatiya / Sost. K.V. Sel'chenok. Mn.: Kharvest, M.: AST, 2001. 656 s.
Kraynev A. Terrorizm — global'naya problema sovremennosti // Zarubezhnoe voennoe obozrenie, 1997. ¹ 6. s. 7.
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Reference:
Lifton R..
Mark of Death (translated by E. N. Fedina) Final Part
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2009. – ¹ 9.
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Abstract: Review: Emotions experienced by the citizens of Hiroshima are a part of the experience of all humans. We all fear a nuclear ‘Holocaust’. The author described specific psychological components of that fear from the point of view of the general psychology of survival.
Key words: psychology, human, suffering, catastrophe, death, fear, experience, emotion, bodily, psychic
Keywords:
References:
Reference:
Lifton R..
Mark of Death (translated by E. N. Fedina) Part 1.
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2009. – ¹ 8.
Read the article
Abstract: Emotions experienced by the citizens of Hiroshima are a part of the experience of all humans. We all fear a nuclear ‘Holocaust’. The author described specific psychological components of that fear from the point of view of the general psychology of survival.
Key words: psychology, human, suffering, catastrophe, death, fear, experience, emotion, bodily, psychic
Keywords:
References:
Reference:
Kantor, A. M..
Psychological trauma in modern Russia: cultural and clinical aspects
// Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2009. – ¹ 5.
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Abstract: Resume: the topic about psychological trauma has become one of the leading topics in psychoanalytical studies quite recently. According to the author, researchers now often look back at Freud’s works about the role of trauma in psychic evolution and his views on culture. Modern society is viewed as a source of neurotization of people and even groups of people.
This article is devoted to describing social and cultural aspects of trauma in the modern Russian society and experience
of the author as a psychologist of the medical and psychological center of rehabilitation.
Keywords: psychology, vital, crisis, psychological trauma, alexithymia, phobia, affect, simulacrum, Ego, therapy
References: