Abstract: The author disputes the common belief that Friedrich Nietzsche was an atheist, and follows how his religious motives come from the main ideas of his philosophy, and the idea of the Will to Power is the most important of them. Special attention is paid to Nietzsche's attitude to a philosopher as the one who can see the world without falsification and simplification and enjoy a god-creating instinct. Nietzsche was fiercelly critical of all religions and considered them as the manifestation of decadence. However the religious motives accompanied all his creative work. The research is mainly based on the analysis of “Beyond Good and Evil” as well as other works of the philosopher. The author holds the opinion that Nietzsche denied the content of  the main religions but didn't deny the possibility of religion itself. Nietzche viewed the Dionysus symbolics as the core of a new religion. These symbolics put a human being with his passions and instincts in the center, eliminate transcendence and confirms the idea of Super Man as the possibility of a human being to create his own God inside.

Keywords: Nietzsche, religion, Dionysus, atheism, will to power, Lebensphilosophie, morality, instinct, human nature, God

Abstract: The image of the solar god-creator — the Eye of Heaven — is typical for many ancient and traditional cultures. But only in ancient Egypt it had a double nature. Masculine image of a demiurge was accompanied with a feminine image named the Holy Eye, a personified goddess, a daughter of Atem and Ra. The origin of such conceptions is viewed from different points of view — history, culture and psychology. Archetype of conflict motives and reunion of gods are studied within the framework of Karl Jung’s analytical psychology. The main purpose of the article is to compare a mythological motive with its psychological contents.

Keywords: psychology, symbols, myth, sun, eye, libido, archetype, self, anima, images.

Abstract: Mythological motive of a soul transiting into the world of the dead is one of the most radical techniques of analytical psychology when correcting the psychological structure and preparing the personality for future transformation. In extreme situations our unconsciousness sends messengers from the Numen world – archetype images of helpers and conductors leading us towards the light of consciousness. Representing the idea of ‘united’ opposites, ancient Egyptian god Thoth had a wide range of knowledge – writing and counting in the first place. Being the god of magic, it is him who was asked to take the soul of the dead to the other world, towards the light of the gods’ world.

Keywords: psychology, soul, Thoth, collective unconsciousness, archetypes, mythology, spirit, symbol, consciousness, life-and-death.

Abstract: A human being cannot be “made” happy and technical means are not able to conquer the fate weighing upon him, to defeat the tragic contradictions of life and death and to destroy the mystery. A human stands above the eternity and faces the conflict between his personality and the objective world and all his unsolved problems are exteriorized to his well-being and social life. In order to avoid misunderstandings it is necessary to add the following: misfortunes and suffering related to the whooping social inequality, bitter poverty and slavery can and must be overcome and eliminated.