Abstract: The subject of this research is the problems of multi-child families in rural areas of Vilyuysky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The article explores the definition of multi-child family, as well as federal and regional measures of their social support. The authors describe in detail the key problems currently faced by multi-child families. Assessment is given to the state support of such families. The main research method is the interview with multi-child families residing in Vilyuysky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The selection of families for participation in the interview was based on the following criteria: number of children, age, level of education, and parents’ employment status. The main conclusions of the conducted research lie in the description of multi-child parenting from the perspective of rural multi-child families, and determination of trends of multi-child parenting in the region. The results of the research allow speaking of the fact that the dominant reproductive preference of the majority of women living in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) became the family model with three children. The percentage of children born in multi-child families among all children of the republic us 52.8%. The novelty consists in identification of the key problems experienced by multi-child families in the remote northern region. The authors thoroughly describe the financial, housing, pedagogical problems of such families.

Keywords: interview, poverty, region, social work, social support, problems, the large family, social protection, social patronage, counseling

Abstract: This article is written using the material of cohort sociological study on the reproductive behavior of families that have oncologically ill child. Oncological disease of a child causes crisis transformation of the entire family system aimed at adjusting of a family to the new living circumstances. The goal of the work consists in consideration of reproductive demands along with the conditions for their realization in families with onclogically ill child. Using the method of questionnaire, 1085 of reproductive age, who have a child with oncological disease in remission, have been examined. For  pursuing correlation, the author used data of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service acquired in 2009. Statistical processing was conducted through the Chi-squared test; for pairing was applied the Bonferroni correction. It indicated the substantially higher reproductive orientations and parenthood status, which quantitatively express the greater desire for children and fuller level of realization of present demand within the studied cohort. Such data positively correlates with the values of family-parenthood lifestyle, as well as confirmed by the high level of consolidation of families during the treatment period, and lower portion of extramarital relations or couples in such families with regards to the nationwide data. The author characterizes the specificity of medical and social conditions in such families, as well as socio-psychological processes that impede the realization of existing desire for children. It is demonstrated that among the respondents,  the desire to have three or more children is mostly associated with the transformed values, rather than living conditions. Demographic policy regarding the families that have children with disabilities must be aimed at improving the living conditions of this group of families alongside their general and reproductive health.

Keywords: medical and social problems, pediatric oncology, family crisis, sociological studies, reproductive needs, reproductive orientations, reproductive behavior, family values, dispositional regulation of behavior, disabled children

Abstract: The object of this research is the public relations associated with the constitutional-interpretational role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation within the national legal system. The article also examines the process of institutionalization by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation pf traditional family values within the framework of opposing to the established “gender-tolerant” social trend in the Western countries. The author provide the extensive sociological material that representatively reflects the relation of Russian citizens to various family questions of motherhood, fatherhood, and childhood. Examination of such sociological material integrates with the analysis of practice of the Constitutional Court. The scientific novelty consists in substantiation of presence of the traditional (conservative) value trend regarding family among the Russian citizens, as well as revelation of the mechanism of institutionalization of such trend by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Sociological data that confirm the proposed by the author hypothesis are of high of relevance and representation, and are yet to be analyzed from the perspective of science of the constitutional law.

Keywords: Gender equality, Traditional family, Constitutional values, Constitutional Court, Human rights, Democracy, Constitution of Russia, Same-sex marriages, Globalization, Modernity

Abstract: The author presents the analysis of the status of the institution of family and childhood in the XXI century, as well as the modern child-parent relationship. At the same time, special attention is given to the phenomenon of the paradoxical development of family and childhood, including the subclinical deprivation of the upcoming generation and “latent” social orphanage, which is caused by the decrease of the quality in child-parent relations, psychological isolation of a child within family, and violence with regards to a child, The author also gives particular attention to the role of family in the primary socialization of childhood, as well as traces the quality of the primary socialization in development of society as a whole. Focus is made on the transformation of family as the social institution, changes of the circumstances under which the family is functioning, as well as accessibility of the childhood infrastructure. The article carries an interdisciplinary character and represents a so-called “dialogue” with A. G. Kharchev pertaining to one of the most essential questions associated with examination of family in sociology of the XX and XXI centuries, namely the development and quality of child-parent relations. A. G. Kharchev’s contribution into the Russian sociology of family is undisputable. As the foundation of the dialogue, the author takes the published in 1964 book by Anatoliĭ Georgievich Kharchev “Sociology of family: Problems of emerging science”. Namely in this work, Kharchev makes an attempt of social forecast of the future of family. In addition to that, the author in the dialogue with A. G. Kharchev contemplates about the future of family in the XXI century, which in many ways depends on the system of measures of assistance and support, which is created by the state and the regions. But most importantly, it depends on the quality of the dialogue between the state and the family.

Keywords: the state family policy, pedagogical culture of parents, hidden social orphanhood, subclinical deprivation, mental deprivation, Children and parent relationship, Family of the XXI century, future family, family capacity, social forecasting

Abstract: This article reviews complications in realization of paternal role among the representative of one if the most important and interesting from the social and scientific points of view forms of post-divorce fatherhood: fathers who independently bring up child/children after the divorce, as well as fathers who live separately from their children after the divorce. The relevance of this problem is substantiated by the fact that despite its growing demand in the scientific discourse, there is a lack of theoretical and empirical data with regards to the obstacles in realization of the paternal functions after the divorce, motives of continuing a parental role, individual issues of fathers on different stages of the divorce process, and the typologies of the post-divorce fatherhood. This work demonstrates that there are differences in the structure of problems itself that are associated with the realization of the paternal role after the divorce among the single fathers, and among the non-resident fathers, as well as in their studies. For example, when considering the post-divorce paternal families, as a rule, the attention is focused namely of the general family issues and disbalances (material, psychological, household, pedagogical, and the problem of family balance and single father employment); while in studying the relationship between the separately living father and children, the attention is drawn to just certain aspects of parents-children relations: presence and regularity of visits, and alimony payments. Thus, the acquired results have a high theoretical and practical importance.

Keywords: Divorce, Post-divorce fatherhood, Single father, Non-resident father, Parents-children relationships, Parental role, Family issues, Family, Paternal family sub-institute, Parental functions

Abstract: In this article the author thoroughly examines some aspects of realization of execution and means of protection of family rights of the minors in reviewing the disputes associated with parenting based on the relevant judicial practice and examples from court decisions. The author analyzes the order of delivering the court decisions and questions considered by the court on this topic. A special attention is given to the means of protection of this category of disputes. In addition to that, the author examines questions associated with the deprivation of visitation rights. The main conclusions consist in proposition on the improvement of the current family legislation in the sections of obligatory involvement of a professional psychologist in considering the disputes related to the parenting of the minors. The author formulates possible directions of development of the current family legislation aimed at protection of the rights of minors in case of separation of parents.

Keywords: Family, Society, Means of protection, Deprivation of visitor rights, Protective measures, Judicial order, Rights of minors, Parenting rights, Setting the order of communication, Place of residence of a minor

Abstract: The author highlights the socio-historical path of a Turkish family, changing of gender roles in it, considering the different existing family types. Today a Turkish family is influenced by countervailing factors: values of Islamic culture and religion, on the one hand, and modernisation (including Westernisation), Western values, on the other. Although in Turkey there are as well changes in the area of marriage and family, in the matrimonial behaviour of the youth,  the Turkish family still looks unharmed, it is a great value for all generations. The article is based upon numerous works of Turkish scientists, statistical and sociological data. Publication of the article will allow the readers to find out some features of a Turkish family and get a better knowledge of the life of a Muslim "social cell". R. Dilekchi's article is of interest, since it provides information about the life of Turkish society through the prism of evaluation and functioning of a Turkish family. A Muslim family is different from a Christian family. Although the purpose of the family is similar in any culture, yet each of them has a specific gender family structure, peculiar conditions and way of life, marriage and family ideology, the nature of relations between the spouses, children and relatives.

Keywords: Turkey, Islam, modernisation, changes, society, Westernisation, modernity, tradition, family, value

Abstract: Placement of children who are left without parental care is regulated by a number of federal laws. The main laws include Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Family Code of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law on State Database of Children Without Parental Custody.

Keywords: social studies, orphan children, custody, foster care, orphanage, socialization, legislation, family, foster upbringing, social orphanhood, legal regulation.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of creation and functioning of religious (confessional) and family graveyards under conditions of graves being referred to objects of exclusive public property. The author of the article offers to make particular changes in the effective legislation aimed at expansion of guarantees for burying a deceased person with due regard to his will as well as provision of the same guarantees for religious organizations.

Keywords: law studies, religion (confession), graveyard, funeral, grave, public, ownership, property, organization, land.

Abstract: The position of women in a society is important for an integral understanding of the process of uniting Italy in XIX century. The main source for this article was an article “On modern living conditions of women and their future” which was written in 1866 by the Princess Cristina Trivulzio di Belgiojoso, who was one of the striking examples of representative of the Italian national liberation movement. The writer discussed a number of topics Firstly, she evaluated the historical basis for the oppressed position of the women in the Italian society in XIX century. Secondly, she evaluated the place of Italian women in a family. Thirdly, she characterized female psychological characteristic features. The author saw patriarchal character of the society an passive attitude of women, who were not willing to change as causes for the low social position of the Italian women. Cristina Trivulzio made a conclusion that even in the newly formed Kingdom of Italy the men were dominant, and the women held a secondary place in family life an social life.

Keywords: history, Risorgimento, Italy, XIX, Mazzini, women, family, Trivulzio, Belgiojoso, Pisanelli.

Abstract: The article is devoted to peculiarities of a civil and legal status if a widow in Russian peasantry as well as her common law status from the point of view of legal and historical studies. In the course of studying this issue, the author focuses on transformations caused by modernization in the after-reform time. There are no historical and ethnographic studies devoted to the status of a window in peasantry so the author of the given article tries to fill in this gap in this way or another. After- reform transformations affected St. Petersburg Governorate and the Governorate of the Central District. Therefore, the author of the article uses materials from the archive of V. N. Tenishev’s Ethnographical Bureau providing more insight into the life of Russian peasantry back in late XIX –early XX centuries.

Keywords: history, woman, peasant, widow, official law, common law, heritage, marriage, tradition, innovation.

Abstract: Life of orphans in our modern society cannot be called happy or careless. The author of the article tries to understand the problem of socialization of orphans when they grow up and take care of their life on their own. According to the author, this problem is cased by the moral and civil position of teachers at an orphanage.

Keywords: social studies, orphans, custodianship, orphanage, socialization, orphancy, family, foster care, social orphancy, adaptation.

Abstract: Development of human civilization has caused global changes in the universal social structure including centuries- old traditions and morals. These changes infl uenced both the interior family structure and family relations with the surrounding world. A comparative analysis of epochs in history and relevant social and political transformations allows, to some extend, to make prognosis what the future world structure and, consequently, major social institutions such as family, shall be like. Family is the basis of personal ethical values which, in their turn, establish a healthy moral environment in a society. Therefore it is very important nowadays to establish and implement a whole system of democracy- based partnership within a social institution of family.

Keywords: social studies, family, society, values, moral, roles, evolution, transformation, traditions, marriage.

Abstract: The article considers the specificity of early marriage and young motherhood. The causes and consequences of young motherhood are analyzed. Possible directions of state social policy to minimize the problems of young mothers and early families are proposed.

Keywords: early marriage, young motherhood, teenage pregnancy, social protection, government support, social policy

Abstract: In last ten years the social function of the state in the sphere of unemployment changed radically. The former social state used to provide large unemployment fees, which allowed for a worker to wait for a right job for a rather long time. Now the social protection system is aimed at getting the worker back into the workplace as soon as possible. O.V. Rodionova’s article is devoted to the experience of various states in this sphere.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the most important principles of the civil law, turning points of development of the principles of the civil law. Author reviews the history of principles of civil law as well as the place and role of such principles in the modern legislation of Russia, Ukraine and Byelorussia.