Abstract: The article reveals the features of designing technological and institutional innovations in the modern world. The author's attention is paid to the specifics of endogenous and exogenous hybridization in the past and present - using examples of hybrid warfare, hybrid political regimes, hybrid forms of labor organization, etc., the advantages and disadvantages of using this method in various spheres of social life are shown in detail. The article provides not only the points of view of foreign scientists on this topic, but also the author’s explanation of the reasons for innovators turning to hybrid design. The research methodology is built in accordance with the principles of interdisciplinarity, and the main method used is institutional analysis, which makes it possible to find common features in the development of technological, political and economic subsystems of society. The novelty of the study lies in the author’s argumentation of the point of view that the trend towards hybridization does not lead to an acceleration, but to a slowdown in the pace of development of society. The use of a risk-based approach to the assessment of hybrid structures made it possible to identify the potentially dangerous consequences of their widespread implementation. The conclusions formulated in this article clearly demonstrate the low efficiency of chaotic combinations of dissimilar elements as a method of finding the optimal product. The author has confirmed the importance of investment in the development of the scientific and technical sector to preserve sovereignty. The conclusions of the study are addressed not only to the expert community, but can also be used in the development and adjustment of the content of strategic documents in the field of ensuring national security.

Keywords: sovereignty, syncretism, innovations, hybrid work schedule, hybrid political regimes, progress, hybrid warfare, technologies, hybridization, institutions

Abstract: The authors present a method for detecting anomalies in the visual content of critical information infrastructure based on comparing hash strings obtained from visual data to detect potential deviations or duplicate content. The subject of the study is the detecting of anomalies in critical information infrastructure (CII) images using hashing technology. The relevance of the study is due to the growing threat of copyright infringement and the distribution of illegal content. Critical information structures, including public administration, science, economics and energy systems, directly depend on the protection of their information. Therefore, identifying anomalies in images and their prompt response play a key role in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of data. The goal is to develop an algorithm for identifying duplicate content and create an effective tool for monitoring images. The work uses the integration of computer vision methods and machine learning algorithms. The development includes the use of hash strings for precise comparison of images. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the development and implementation of a new approach to detecting anomalies in images of critical information infrastructure using hashing technology. The use of the technology provides unique identifiers for visual data and allows for efficient comparison and analysis of images. This approach significantly increases the speed of data processing and the accuracy of detecting duplicate content and anomalies in images. Hash-based image classification provides a higher degree of sensitivity to anomalies and allows filtering out false positives, which is critical for organizations with a high level of information security. The results show the high efficiency of the proposed method; a significant degree of accuracy in detecting anomalies has been achieved, which is confirmed by experiments on real data. The presented algorithms have demonstrated improvement over existing solutions.

Keywords: perceptual hashing, machine learning, hash strings, duplicate content, similar images, computer vision, threats, anomalies, visual content, critical information infrastructure

Abstract: The object of the research of this article is the normative legal acts of strategic planning in the field of scientific and technological development of Russia. The subject of this study is the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation in 2024. The importance of the research is determined by the fact that the experience of reforming various spheres of activity of the state and society has shown that the successful development and functioning of a particular sphere is impossible without planning, forecasting and program-oriented regulation. The author pays great attention to strategic planning issues, formulates the concept of strategy from the point of view of law, analyzes the main directions of state policy in the field of scientific and technological development of Russia; conducts a detailed comparative analysis of the Strategies of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation in 2016 and 2024, identifies novelties of the Strategy of 2024; develops recommendations and proposals. The methodology of the study was compiled by the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as the works of Russian scientists. The article used both general scientific and special research methods. The novelty of the research lies in the insufficient number of studies on the problems of the article. As a result of the research, the author comes to the following conclusions: The Strategy of scientific and technological development of 2024 indicates that Russian science is the basis for the sovereign development of the state and ensuring the security of the country; one of the significant changes made to the Strategy of 2024 was the provision that the key factor of scientific and technological development is the creation and development of its own the implementation of the Strategy should be aimed at correcting previous mistakes in strategic planning in order to avoid the main mistake – insufficient provision of technological sovereignty; the provisions of the Strategy should be mandatory for all entities with tools to achieve their goals; it is necessary to continue improving legislation on strategic planning and management in order to make it real a mechanism for ensuring the technological sovereignty of the state.

Keywords: technological sovereignty, scientific potential, high-tech technologies, innovations, big challenges, public policy, scientific and technological development, strategic planning, strategy, national security

Abstract: This article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using commercial quadrocopters in the official activities of various law enforcement agencies. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that, thanks to technological progress, more and more technical means are now becoming available to law enforcement officials, which can significantly facilitate their work, and in some cases, even save lives. The object of the study is commercial (also called "civilian") quadrocopters. The subject of the study is the use of commercial quadrocopters in the official activities of the police and other law enforcement agencies of foreign countries. The authors have studied current data on the use of quadrocopters in various US law enforcement agencies, as well as analyzed in detail examples of such use (from the road transport sector to conducting assault operations and working in difficult conditions).  The research methodology is based on general scientific methods (induction, deduction, content analysis method), as well as other special research methods such as narrative and historical-genetic research methods. The scientific novelty lies in a detailed study of the use of quadrocopters in the official activities of the police and other law enforcement agencies with the involvement of foreign experience (primarily the United States). A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is a detailed analysis and description of situations in which the use of quadrocopters makes it possible to secure the work of law enforcement officers, as well as in special cases, to save the lives of law enforcement officers. The work also contains a corpus of photographic materials with detailed illustrations and descriptions of examples of the use of quadrocopters in the work of law enforcement agencies. In conclusion, the authors conclude that currently civilian quadrocopters are quite effective and useful tools in the work of law enforcement officers, who are increasingly being introduced into their daily work, separately noting that foreign experience in their use can be applied in law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Foreign experience, use of drones, tactical support, assault operations, US police, police drones, police quadcopters, UAVs, drones, Quadcopters

Abstract: The author in the presented article discusses topical issues related to a number of organizational and pedagogical features of the training of polygraph examiners in modern conditions. The study draws attention to current problems and important aspects of the professional training of specialists in this field, provides opinions of practitioners and research scientists on this issue. The work of specialists in this profile is quite complex, requiring in-depth knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, psychology, physiology, pedagogy and medicine, and therefore one of the key issues requiring analysis remains the search and application of effective pedagogical technologies that allow in a short time to form a set of knowledge and skills from a trained specialist that will allow him later, when performing official duties, clearly and competently solve the strategic tasks assigned to him.   The author's contribution to the study of the topic lies in the fact that in the course of the work, the conclusion was formulated that the model of training professional polygraph examiners in modern conditions should include in-depth knowledge about the technical and tactical aspects of research, psychophysiological characteristics of a person, as well as take into account a wide range of tasks and their specifics, for the resolution of which studies are conducted using polygraph devices.The object of consideration in the article is conducting research using polygraph devices, and the subject of consideration is taking into account the challenges of modern society when compiling and designing a model for training polygraph specialists.

Keywords: professionalism, psychology, psychophysiology, expertise, researches, specialist, training, polygraph, task, law enforcement activities

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis and prediction of the risk of terrorist acts based on a comparison of various machine learning algorithms. In order to determine the most important indicators, more than thirty external and internal risk factors are comprehensively considered by quantifying them and an initial set of initial data is built. The study analyzes multidimensional socio-economic and political data for 136 countries for the period from 1992 to 2020. Four indicators are also predicted, reflecting the expected success of terrorist attacks, the likelihood of socio-economic consequences and general damage from terrorism. In addition to the classical analysis models, the effectiveness of the other four machine learning algorithms that can be used to analyze multidimensional data is compared. To predict the risk of terrorist attacks, a random forest model is created, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the model are evaluated based on statistical criteria. To determine the most important initial indicators, the method of recursive elimination of features in a random forest was used. The main result of this study is to identify the most important indicators for predicting the risk of terrorism and to reduce redundant indicators, which makes it possible to improve understanding of the main characteristics of attacks. Meanwhile, the results show that it is necessary to take appropriate proactive measures not only in the form of forceful detention, intelligence and response operations, but also to improve the stability of the state, achieve social balance and improve the quality of life of citizens.

Keywords: social consequences, forecasting, countering terrorism, model, random forest, machine learning, risk factors, terrorist risk, terrorism, material and economic consequences

Abstract: The subject of this research is the most promising technological solutions with application of artificial intelligence and global trends of their implementation by the armed forces of technologically advanced countries. The author determines the key vectors in application of artificial intelligence technologies by a number of countries, including the Russian Federation. The problem of research consist in the lack of balance in the approach towards application of technological solutions based on artificial intelligence, d on the one hand substantiated by the increased risk of application of artificial intelligence systems for ensuring security and defense of the countries, while on the other – impossibility of rejecting them due to current international trends. The scientific novelty consists in the attempt of comprehensive analysis of the current global situation with regards to outlining the prospects and risks of application of artificial intelligence technologies in the armed forces and in the sphere of ensuring national security of modern countries. The following conclusions were made: artificial intelligence technologies are the most promising direction for re-equipment of armed forces of the leading military powers of modern world; explorations are conducted in multiple directions, varying from unmanned vehicles to deadly autonomous weapon. The experts note the evident positive prospects of application of artificial intelligence in the sphere of ensuring national security, as well as potential negative consequences of its implementation.  

Keywords: armed forces, national security, deadly automatic weapons, uninhabited vehicle, robot, artificial intelligence, defense, swarm, information security, active safety

Abstract: This article examines the correlation of processes pertaining to the spread of the Coronavirus infection (COVID-19), as well as various elements of the of national security system. Analysis is conducted on the impact of the set of quarantine measures upon the increase in digitalization; use of personal data, prospects of correction of international approaches in the sphere of information security; development of legal instruments aimed at counteracting criminal use of information and telecommunication networks, including restriction of access to resources spreading banned information; expansion of the scale of cybercrime. The study of this topic is based on the general dialectic method of cognition of the phenomena, as well as systemic approach towards research of the social legal issues. The author comes to the conclusion that in the conditions of present threats regarding the expansion of the capabilities of organized crime within the information sphere, the measures aimed at controlling the Internet by states and private companies is also expanding. Global contradictions in the information sphere stemming from the current crisis are likely to be resolved, particularly through negotiation of international documents.

Keywords: computer crime, national security, terrorism, COVID-19, quarantine measures, information and telecommunication networks, UN, prohibited information, Personal Information, cybercrime

Abstract: This research concentrates on the methodological aspects of research on transportation security and its components within legal studies. The author analyzes security as a scientific problem, and explores the questions of scientific research on the problems of security in various branches of science, describing the process of establishment of security science in Russian and some foreign countries (on the example of Poland). Special attention is given to the security research issues in various legal studies. Specific methods of research of the legal insurance of transportation security is analyzed with consideration of its multifaceted nature. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of specific peculiarities of research on legal insurance of transportation security and description of the corresponding peculiarities of the methodology of such research. A conclusion is made that using specific methodology of conducting legal research on ensuring transportation security will affect the quality and the scientific level of the acquired results.

Keywords: national security, law, legal sciences, methodology, scientific research, transport security, security, science, method, transport

Abstract: This article carries out a comprehensive analysis of the state of the rocket and space industry (RSI) of the Russian Federation. The information sources contain the accounting, statistical, corporate and technical reporting of the companies, regulatory documents related to functionality and reforms of the organizational structure of the rocket and space industry, Federal target programs, Federal Space Program of the Russian Federation, investment project of reconstruction and technical rearmament of the companies of RSI, statistical data of global market of the rocket and space technology, raw materials and component parts essential for manufacturing rocket and space technologies, online and public media information. The author conducted monitoring, complex assessment and systemic analysis of the technical-economic, production and technological capacity of cooperation of manufacturing companies of the rocket and space technologies, output on reconstruction and technical rearmament of the RSI companies. In the course of this research, the author determined the following major issues in the state of rocket and space industry of the Russian Federation: Lack of highly qualified engineers; Closing of a number of strategically important factories used in production of rocket and space technologies Technological dependence on the Western countries Insufficient budget funding Significant price increase on component parts. The author suggest the possible ways for solving these issues. The research results are applied in formation of the Federal target programs, Federal Space Program of the Russian Federation, development of investment projects on reconstruction and technical rearmament of RSI companies.

Keywords: rocket and space industry , investments, capital funds, equipment, logistical support, structure of prime cost, salary, efficiency, reforms of organizational structure, utilization of full capacity limits

Abstract: The subject of the study is the organizational and economic state of the Russian research complex. The main goal of the work is to describe the current state of the scientific and research base in Russia. In the course of the work, methods of logical and statistical analysis, synthesis, data extrapolation and forecasting were used. The methodological basis of the study was the work of domestic and awakened scientists, legislative and regulatory acts of state authorities. The article analyzes the costs of research and development in the Russian Federation, including comparative characteristics in relation to the country's GDP. To identify the research potential, the general structure of organizations performing scientific research and development by sector of activity in the Russian Federation was presented. Analysis of the sources of financing has made it possible to determine the prevailing influence of the public sector, while in the advanced economies, industrial enterprises are the "locomotive" of development. The application of research results is possible at the level of the formation of a scientific and practical basis for determining critical points in the development of the research complex of Russia. In the course of the work, methods of logical and statistical analysis, synthesis, data extrapolation and forecasting were used. The methodological basis of the study was the work of domestic and awakened scientists, legislative and regulatory acts of state authorities. The novelty of the study is to justify the need for the formation of an updated management system for Russia's research complex, taking into account the identified point indicators that characterize its current state. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the state of Russia's research complex does not allow the economy to move to an innovative type of development in a timely manner without additional measures aimed at attracting private investors to the research sector.

Keywords: number of employees, comparison of countries, costs, research works, financing structure, evaluation, Science, volume of investments, trends, innovations

Abstract: The key subject of this research is the promising technologies of creation of weapon based on the new physical principles, as well as other military technologies. This topic is being examined in the context of the problem of ensuring national security. Special attention is given to comparison between the nuclear weapon and the promising types of weapon, which are more efficient in their speed of target elimination. The author reviews such types of weapon as laser, particle-beam, spintronic, and annihilation. The ways of spatial movement that can become an efficient alternative to the principle of rocket propulsion used by the modern missiles, are being studied. The author conducts an analysis of the main advantages of the promising types of weapon, which are based on the new physical principles, in comparison with the traditional nuclear weapon; as well as analyzed the physical principles of the work of spintronic technologies based on the control over the spin state of matter. The work proposes the concept of multi-dimensional technologies based on the empirical used of the properties of non-Euclidean geometries and additional measuring of space and time. It is demonstrated that the physical principles that lie in the foundation of spintronics, allow creating an extensive complex of promising military technologies, which can be implemented in creation of the new types of weapon, communication systems, coding and recording of information.

Keywords: directed-energy weapon, electromagnetic weapons, laser weapons, space weapons, nuclear weapons, national security, spintronics, spin, multipdimensional technologies, warp drive

Abstract: The subject of this research is the issues of analysis of the state and determination of the development priorities of technical support of liquidation of medical-biological consequences of emergency situations as a factor of ensuring national security. For this purpose, the author particularizes the nomenclature of technical means of the medical service, and formulates the priority tasks of their formation and the mandatory medical-tactical and technical requirements, including systemic standards for the mobile medical complexes. The author gives characteristic to the technical level of the mobile medical complexes, and formulates the prospects of advancement of means of the medical service, considering the level scientific-technological progress. In conclusion the author demonstrates that the main tendencies of development of the technical means of medical service in the armies of the leading foreign countries and Russia are the same; and as a result of the comprehensive analysis of possibilities of the further advancement of the technical and medical support of the branches and facilities of the military-medical service, the fundamental conceptual positions of its improvement, as well as the ways towards their realization in accordance with the modern threats and challenges, are being formulated.  

Keywords: military medicine, technical means, first aid, first medical aid, medical evacuation, means the wounded rescue, Rescue funds affected, emergency response, Emergency Medicine, Medical equipment, military medicine, technical facilities, first aid equipment, first medical aid, medical evacuation, funds rescue wounded, survival equipment affected, management of emergencies, emergency medicine, medical equipment

Abstract: This article demonstrates what and in what way affects the formation of such direction of social sciences as an intelligence analysis; it also covers the object field of the intelligence analysis, reviews the main issues of the establishing discipline, as well as its peculiarities, nature, and methods (methodology of collection and processing of the data). Works of the foreign, including American authors who initiated the intelligence analysis, are being considered. Factors that encouraged the advancement of this disciplines are being examined. A brief content of the major works on the intelligence analysis is presented in this article. The author conducts the research on the evolution of the intelligence analysis in the developed Western countries and Russia, based on the results of which have been determined the global tendencies and formulated the specific issues of the Russian Federation in this sphere. Professionalization of the sphere of the intelligence analysis begins in 2000’s, and today it gradually becomes a full academic discipline. The main directions of its development are the following: devise and implementation of the general standards of analytical work into the practice of intelligence agencies; introduction of the special educatory programs on analytical work within the intelligence agencies, and public educational facilities; development and improvement of the analytical methodologies; creating the textbooks on intelligence analysis. The author claims that the main problem of intelligence is the priority of the development of data collection techniques, rather than processing of data. A significant obstacle for the Russian Federation is the insufficient collaboration between the academic community and the intelligence agencies.

Keywords: intelligence analysis, strategic intelligence, analytical intelligence, survey research, National security, international relationships, information age, data processing, analytical methods, intelligence cycle, intelligence analysis, strategic intelligence, analytic intelligence, intelligence studies, national security, international relations, age of information, data processing, analytic methods, intelligence cycle

Abstract: The formation of innovative strategy may be represented as a process of relating goals and means of long-term economic development of the country through time and territory. The institutions and instruments of ensuring the implementation of the innovation strategy of Russia are the subject of the research. The object of research is the institutional framework of the strategy of innovative development of Russia. The author examines the problems of implementation of the innovation policy in Russia, which include the mismatch between development rate and the structure of the Russian research sector and needs to achieve the targets, due to the low susceptibility to innovation in Russian business sector. The methodology of the feasibility of the strategy of innovative development of Russia study includes an assessment of compliance with the conditions and objectives of the means to achieve them and identify institutions that will further become the «locomotive» of innovative development. The main conclusions of the study should include the rationale for the implementation of the institutional foundations of the innovation strategy of Russia, which will provide the innovation imperative strategic development of Russia, determine the structure of the economy based mainly on the generation dissemination and use of knowledge, and which will also serve as the basis for improving the welfare of the population through sustainable economic growth and increase competitiveness.

Keywords: the implementation, development institutions, innovation policy, institutional framework, development, innovation, strategy, innovation elevator, innovation infrastructure, technology platforms

Abstract: The subject of this research is the technological procedures of disposal of ordnance and military equipment, examined on the example of disposal procedures of sophisticated ans costly aviation equipment. Determination of reasonableness and preference of realization of operation of technological process of disposal is based on the fact that the difference between expenses for disposal and profits received from it must be maximally possible during the term of disposal that does not exceed the set term. At the same time, the methodology being developed was not bound by strict limitations, which made it useful for disposal of any type of examples of ordnance and military equipment. The main result of the conducted analysis is the methodology that allows positioning the technological processes of disposal of ordnance and military equipment on the axis of preferentiality with subsequent division into clusters. Classifying the clusters by ratio between spending on disposal and profits received from disposal, we get a preferential scientifically founded program of disposal of examples of ordnance and military equipment.

Keywords: streamlining technological procedures, cost-benefit ratio, disposal of aviation equipment, optimal management, technological disposal procedure, disposal of military equipment, ordnance disposal, recycling program, safe disposal, managing ordnance disposal

Abstract: The subject of this research is substantiation of the need to research legal and organizational basis for joint actions of law enforcement agencies, as well as territorial branches of federal executive authority in the area of internal affairs, including police, and administration of Russian airports on ensuring safety in the area of civil aviation. The authors emphasize the need for harmonization of relations between various subjects of aviation safety, development of corresponding normative legal base, and creation of organizational environment that would help perfecting the government system of terrorism counteraction, and protection of life and health of the people using air travel. A generalizing conclusion is made that in the Russian Federation there is currently no complete and precise organizational-legal foundation for prevention and response to acts of illegal interference, including terrorist acts.

Keywords: Terrorism, Acts of illegal interference, Cooperation, Safety, Police, Aviation security, Legislation, Security service, Civil aviation, International law

Abstract: The subject of this research is personal firearm of the members of armed forces. The object, or rather objects, is the specific types and models of firearms. The author examines such aspects of the topic as: advancements in firearms of infantry throughout its colossal historical path – from World War I, to the most recent armed conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and the Chechen Republic; from bolt action rifles to the latest promising models of firearms. The article also presents theoretical and practical aspects of distinction between the notion of “sniper” in the “West” and in the “East”; specific models of sniper rifles are being analyzed. The article contains theoretical and practical aspects of the notion “police sniper”, as well as a brief analysis of certain models of firearms intended for use by “police snipers”. The author concludes that modern models of individual firearms have reached such advanced level, that their use by a multimillion (and usually not well-trained) conscripted army is rather difficult. With regards to the notion of “sniper”, it would be beneficial to adopt the Western model of distinction between the notions of “sniper” and “marksman”.

Keywords: sniper rifle, Kalashnikov assault rifle, assault rifle, intermediate cartridge, submachine gun, machinegun, rifle, effective range of fire, modular construction, marksman

Abstract: This article discusses the state of the Russia’s industry of rare earth metals in the aspect of national security in the aerospace sector. The article demonstrates the importance of having a reliable functionality of the domestic industry of rare earth metals for the basic and critical technologies of ensuring the security and defense capabilities of the country. The author gives a comparative assessment is given to the rare earth metals industry in the USSR and the Russian Federation; characterizes the deposits of rare earth metals; offers a brief assessment of the plans of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation on the development of rare earth metals industry. The research methodology is based on the theory of expert evaluations, comparative system analysis, military and economic and retrospective analyses.  The main conclusions of this research include the importance of development of the domestic industry of rare earth metals as one of the key factors in ensuring national security. The author stresses the importance of developing and implementing measures to phase out import substitution within the branches and fields of industry that require the use of rare earth metals.

Keywords: suppliers of rare earth metals, national security technologies, import substitution in the industry, high technologies, critical technologies, rare earth metals, rare earth metal deposits, rare earth metals industry, importing rare earth metals, exporting rare earth metals

Abstract: The subject of this research is the fundamental categories of the conceptual construct of the theory of ensuring national security. Based on a complex systemic analysis of the main regulatory documents related to national security of the Russian Federation the main significant problems have been revealed, characterized and systemized. The results acquired in the course of this research allow coming to a number of conclusions. Firstly, the political legal means of ensuring national security of Russia represent a territorially expansive legal base. Secondly, across its over 20 year history of development the fundamental concepts of the theory of ensuring national security, codified in federal laws and the Russian Federation Presidential Decrees, were never brought to a unified categorical construct. And thirdly, the concepts, terms and categories that are currently being implemented within the regulatory documents are fragmented, significantly differ in their nature and content, and do not fully reflect the essence of the processes that take place within the system of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the author proposes ways of resolving the revealed problems.

Keywords: security, national security, threat, Russian Federation, federal law, national security strategy, categories of national security, Security Council.

Abstract: The article includes analysis of the correlation between the innovative development in Russia and economic security guarantees. The author sets a goal to apply economic security theory and its indicative system to the specific features of organization of scientific research activity. Additionally, the author studies the tendencies and problems of R&D financing in Russia as a key indicator of innovation security. The author interprets the Russian and foreign statistical data regarding state spending on science, and he analyzes the typology of innovatively active companies, as well as their competitiveness. The article involved general scientific analysis methods (analysis, abstract-logical method, etc.), as well as special scientific statistical method for the analysis of dynamics and structure of spending on research and development. It is substantiated in the article that the amount of R&D financing is an element of an indicator system for economic security. Based upon the analysis of the Russian statistical data the author draw a conclusion on contradictory tendencies in the financing of the Russian science. The author shows the place of Russia in the global system in respect of domestic spending on research and development. He also reveals the role of introducing novel features in the activities of modern enterprises and discusses the problems in the R&D organization.

Keywords: innovative development, economic security, public spending, innovations, research and development, federal budget, threats, indicator system, enterprise.

Abstract: Politically oriented computer hackers became more active due to the tensions in the political situation in Ukraine. The author studies the activities of hacktivists (cyber-terrorists) in the opposition between Russia and the West. The author analyzes illegal actions of computer hackers and political consequences of the results of their activities. The author also generalized the newest experience of applying cyber-weapons for the political goals and within the context of information warfare in the international opposition. The author describes the methods for fighting cyberterrorism and political hacktivism, taking into account foreign theoretical and practical experience in the sphere of fighting cyber-terrorism and hacktivism. The methodological basis for the study is predefined on one hand with its character, and on the other hand with the conceptual approach and scientific position of the author. Special attention is paid to the content-analysis of the mass media. The defining historical principles are on one hand: objectivity, systemic character, comprehensive evaluation, historicism. In the process of study it was revealed that there are new means and methods of information opposition in political conflicts and local wars. There are growing real threats of cyber-wars especially when there is an involvement of organized groups of cyber-terrorists, which are lead by the special services or various extremist organizations.

Keywords: network warfare, cyber-threat, cyber-activism, political Internet, Internet and politics, cyber-security, cyber-terrorism, hacktivism, cyber-armed forces, information warfare.

Abstract: The author provides an interpretation and establishes grounds for the application of business monitoring in order to guarantee economic security and sustainable development of a federal autonomous higher education institution. The author analyzes the specific features of the higher education institutions as businesses, role and structure of multi-channel financing of businesses of such autonomous institutions in the modern social and economic conditions. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the system of markers, characterizing the efficiency of business, which may be used for business monitoring of a higher education institution. Currently there is no scientifically developed method for the evaluation of effect and efficiency of business in the autonomous higher education institutions. At the same time, most of such autonomous institutions use the methods developed for the budgetary institutions for evaluation of effect and efficiency of their entrepreneurial activities. These methods have a number of negative features, including, firstly, limited number of markers (scientific potential defined as share of funds for the scientific research and advanced development within the general amount of income of a higher education institutions from all of the financing sources; cadre potential; correlation of a medium monthly salary of professors and lecturers and a medium monthly salary in a constituent subject of the Russian Federation; financial guarantees and development of proprietary assets, defined as a share of funds from all of the financing sources, and used by a higher education institution for the sustenance and development of the proprietary assets); secondly, the orientation towards evaluation of budgetary institution efficiency, while an autonomous institution is not one of them. That is why a complex business monitoring is more efficient than the above-mentioned method.

Keywords: economics, business, autonomous higher education institution, business monitoring, sources of financing, efficiency, income, entrepreneurial activities, analysis, control.

Abstract: This article is devoted to the studies of the general education system as a mechanism for the prevention of terrorist threats among the youth. The author analyzes methods and mechanisms of prevention of spread of terrorist and extremist ideas among the youth. Then the author makes a conclusion that tolerance and cultural dialogue should be included into the process of education of the young.

Keywords: social studies, youth, tolerance, education, terrorism, threat, education, prevention, decision, responsibility.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of activities of the International Organization of Criminal Police in Russia in fi ghting crimes regarding motor vehicles. Author analyzes the reasons for the growth of number of crimes of this type, and classifi es the infl uencing factors.

Keywords: jurisprudence, international, organization, criminal, police, Russian, Federation, motor vehicles, means.

Abstract: Strong differentiation of the levels of development of the regions, un-homogeneous innovation space, unsatisfactory criminal situation considerably limit the implementation of modernization of the state. In order to solve this problem it is necessary to adequately evaluate the functioning of social and economic systems from the point of view of use of their inner and outer abilities. The method of establishing the integral marker allows to complete a multi-level calculation for the use of potential of the constituent subjects of the Federation, and then based on the mathematical processing on the results to form a model, which characterizes the complex correlation of factual and optimal regional security.

Keywords: economics, security, evaluation, region, characteristic features, multi-level, subject, modeling, mathematical, analysis.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the quality and quantity characteristics of the offi cial fi nancial aid to the developing economies of the African states from the donor states. The author views the approaches of the leading international organizations to the perspective of economic development of the African continent and fi nancing of its modernization projects, as well as fi ghting poverty. Much attention is paid to the problem of debt relief of African states by the developed states.

Keywords: The article is devoted to the quality and quantity characteristics of the offi cial fi nancial aid t, as well as fi ghting poverty. Much attention is paid to the problem of debt relief of African states

Abstract: The transfer to the post-industrial society is the consequence of intensive development of technologies, or information and communication technologies in the first place. Intense development of technologies leads to formation of technological environment. However, developing technologies may be a threat both for an individual and society. Due to this, there is a great need in prompt researches of ecology of technologies which would evaluate the level of influence of new technologies on the society and human

Keywords: economy, technologies, ecology, Information and Communication Technologies, security, society, nano technologies, risk, training

Abstract: The problem of ensuring the ecological security of underground waters gains more and more topicality at the modern stage. The interest to this topic is due to the fact, that ecological security as a whole, as well as security of underground waters in particular, are vital to health of present and future generations of people in the Russian Federation. This article is devoted to legislative and law-enforcement problems in this sphere. Keywords: ecological security, waters, underground waters, health, ecology, legislation, security, environment, pollution of environment