Tools of government strategic planning in the Russian Federation: definition of performance criteria

Brazhnikov Danil Yurevich ORCID: 0000-0001-8947-930X Head of the Department; Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation 119606, Russia, Moscow, Agricultural str., 38k2, sq. 671 dbrazhnikov2001@gmail.com

State strategic planning is a key tool for determining priority directions for the development of society and the economy, as well as for the effective use of resources and achievement of set goals. The planning process takes into account various aspects, including social, economic, environmental and others, in order to ensure the sustainable and stable development of the social system.

The main goal of state strategic planning is to create favorable conditions for the development of the country and improve the quality of life of its citizens. To do this, it is necessary to develop long-term strategies, identify specific tasks and measures to achieve them, as well as monitor and evaluate the results.

An important aspect is also the involvement of various stakeholders in socio-political processes - representatives of business, the public, science and other fields - in the planning process in order to ensure broad support and effective implementation of strategic goals.

We see the relevance of the research on this topic in the fact that effective strategic planning also contributes to the optimal use of resources, attracting investments, developing innovations and creating a favorable investment climate. It helps government agencies and business structures to predict changes in the market, adapt to new conditions and build effective development strategies. In addition, strategic planning contributes to strengthening social stability, maintaining employment and improving the quality of life of citizens. All this makes this practice an integral tool for managing the country's development in today's dynamic economy and globalization.

Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future up to 2036" dated May 7, 2024 No. 306 sets new tasks for the Russian public administration system: for example, the correct prioritization of financial and managerial resources, the separation of process and project activities within government bodies, the need to link indicators and financial support for the implementation of national projects, federal projects, state programs, as well as the implementation of the provisions of the Presidential Decree in them. This document defines strategic directions of development and targets for a ten-year cycle, which indicates long-term state planning in Russia.

The term "strategic planning" is considered in various sources as a specific process of creating and implementing various programs into real practice. The concept of strategic planning is directly related to the concept of "strategy", which began to be used among management terms in the 50s of the twentieth century. At that time, the problem of reaction to changes in the external environment was of particular importance.

The roots of strategic planning can be traced back to military history, the main purpose of which is to gain a competitive advantage. Then, strategic planning practices became part of the business culture around the world. Mintzberg, a researcher in political psychology, noted that planning was originally carried out in the 1950s mainly as budgeting for businesses; however, this practice continued to develop in the 1960s and eventually became an obsession among American corporations.

The most important legacy of that period of research is that scientists have proposed a three-dimensional approach to the legal regulation of control in the field of public administration. American political scientist John Horowitz identifies the main directions for the development and implementation of effective oversight mechanisms that not only ensure compliance with laws and regulations, but also contribute to strengthening democratic principles and principles of responsible governance. Analyzing various aspects of the functioning of public authority through the prism of scientific research, it is possible to identify key areas of development of modern methodologies and theoretical approaches to control in this area. The main areas of research include:

1. Development of the concept of public power.

2. Formation of public and public control devices.

3. Strengthening the "arbitration" function of the institutions of the embodiment of power.

4. Modernization of state control.

5. Conceptualization and development of institutional models for the responsible exercise of power.

Recently, the understanding of power as an instrument of influence on society that goes beyond simple subordination and control has become increasingly relevant. In the political science aspect of state strategic planning, it is important to identify the key characteristics that form the basis of civil society:

1. First of all, this concerns the developed associativity, which covers both the social structure and the mechanisms of representing the interests of this structure, in particular through political parties, social movements and organizations. Such a structure ensures the dynamics of the internal development of society and its ability to self-organize and self-regulate.

2. The second important feature is the presence of well-formed and effectively functioning public authorities, including state and local self-government bodies that also perform the functions of representation, this is manifested through two main approaches to the organization of representation of interests: dispositive and imperative, which means flexibility and binding of relevant legal norms. The problem of state interference in the civil sector, especially due to selective paternalism, is of concern due to the possibility of imbalance and conflict polarization in society. Such "patronage" can lead to corrupt actions on the part of officials, which undermines the foundations of democracy and the rule of law, therefore requires strict legal regulation and control.

The institutionalization of the control power and its constitutional consolidation in the Russian Federation is realized through two main dimensions: institutional and functional.

The first emphasizes the direct role of the people in the exercise of power and its representative institutions, including the President, the Constitutional Court, State authorities and local self-government.

The second focuses on the division of power in the areas of its functions, thus ensuring a balance between the different branches of government and their functions. Such a dual definition of power emphasizes the importance of control as a means of ensuring transparency, responsibility and effectiveness of public authority, pointing to the need for its careful institutionalization.

A special place in the system of public authority is occupied by the Government, which, as the highest executive authority, demonstrates independence within its competence. The distribution of state powers between different bodies, which is ensured through mechanisms of mutual deterrence and counterbalances, is the embodiment of the principle of "unity of power", which, in turn, is implemented through the institution of control.

As for the strategizing process itself, defining the framework, the approaches in the state process are almost identical to business structures. It was from there that specialists were involved who developed key issues for determining strategic planning (Table 1)

Table.1. Questions to start the strategic planning process.

The next question concerns time – short–term or long-term - regarding action plans. The timeliness of the implementation of action plans is of great importance. Short-term forecasts carry more confidence than long-term forecasts designed for 5-10 years into the future.

Resources for the implementation of strategic plans can be human, financial, technological and other resources that are vital to the components of the action plan. More importantly, the crucial factor here is the alignment of budgets, which include planned personnel, operational and capital expenditures, with strategic goals. Each strategic goal and action plan must be adequately budgeted, otherwise success will be in question. Lack of resources is the "main reason" that many organizations are unable to fulfill their strategic plans.

Measuring productivity is extremely important for the success of an organization. Measuring the effectiveness of action plans can tell an organization several things. They range from indicators or indicators of results to indicators of efficiency and effectiveness.

The most effective form of public administration has become state programs and projects aimed at achieving the development goals of various industries, spheres of economic activity and territories. At the end of the 20th century, the project approach in public administration in various countries of the world was moving from the military-industrial and space spheres to the sphere of socio-economic development of society. Many development institutions, such as the World Bank, the OECD, and the UNDG, have developed recommendations for planning, monitoring, and evaluating the implementation of government and public projects and programs. Also, over the past ten years, an interactive assessment resource center has been operating, allowing you to get acquainted with programs and projects from different countries, the practice of their development, monitoring, and evaluation.

The key performance indicators (KPIs) are the main tool for evaluating the effectiveness of state strategic planning.

In general, the use of key performance indicators to assess the success of an organization is crucial not only in the private sector, but also in the public sector. This initiative for their implementation has a beneficial effect on the productivity of civil servants. Using the example of the public sector, key performance indicators can be used to measure the effectiveness not only of an organization, but also of individual government officials. The introduction of KPIs in the public sector is really beneficial for government officials, especially in terms of improving the quality of services. Thus, it can be said that the implementation of KPIs allows the public sector to optimize the potential for increasing the efficiency of public servants in providing effective services.

In the KPI system, the workload problem is considered as one of the main problems on the way to achieving the relevant KPI goals. Many government employees around the world have work-related stress disorders. This level of stress occurs at work when employees are required to achieve a KPI goal. This is because employees feel that the job does not match their knowledge and abilities and creates problems for their ability to cope with the situation. KPIs that do not meet the conditions of the organization will also contribute to creating a stressful work environment. Before developing a realistic KPI, it is necessary to prioritize financial considerations, staff availability and available experience. Employees will spend a lot of time at work if their KPIs do not match the state of the organization. This will lead to employees being forced to meet the needs and demands of their employers at the expense of their health. The situation becomes more stressful when employees are faced with constraints such as time and skills to achieve set KPIs.

Here are general examples of key performance indicators used in government and public institutions, they include:

· Customer or citizen satisfaction assessment

· Cost per service/program

· Deadlines for processing applications or requests

· Waiting time for services

· Website or call center traffic and resolution metrics

· Enrollment in the program and the level of participation

· The frequency of errors in the provision of services

· Compliance indicators

· Employee turnover and satisfaction

· Budget and actual expenses

There are many reasons why regular KPI tracking is useful for public sector institutions. As public administration bodies, public institutions must be transparent about how they use taxpayer funds and serve citizens. Monitoring and publishing performance data allows for oversight and guarantees of the correct use of funds and effective provision of services.

An important final step is to adjust the course when key performance indicators do not reach the targets, and to constantly set new goals after the existing ones are achieved. Insufficient productivity should stimulate the development of action plans to eliminate problems, and successful key performance indicators illustrate the possibility of reaching new heights. Setting ambitious but achievable goals promotes continuous improvement.

It is also important to mention another aspect of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of management bodies. The proliferation of data processing and analytics technologies has revolutionized the tracking of key performance indicators using automated systems specifically designed for this task. Government IT managers (including in Russia), realizing the power of key performance indicators, are implementing platforms that:

· Extract data from multiple source systems;

· Automatic calculation of KPI values is carried out;

· Provide detailed analysis capabilities;

· Create detailed visualizations and reports (dashboards);

· Provide real-time dashboard monitoring;

· Offer access to self-service to all interested parties;

· Have customizable alerts and notifications;

· Integrate advanced analytics, such as forecasting;

· Allow modeling of various target scenarios.

In order to determine approaches to the formation of a management system for state strategic planning tools in the Russian Federation, a list of the main such entities should be defined and explained. It includes: national projects, federal projects, regional projects, state programs, socio-economic development initiatives, as well as the assembly in the form of a single plan to achieve national development goals.

National projects are understood as comprehensive programs of national importance and requiring large-scale injections of public funds. It is the largest and most extensive tool of state strategic planning in Russia. As Vladimir Putin said, "national projects are linked to goals, specific resources have been introduced to achieve the goals. Personal liability for non-compliance has been introduced and is already being used, but it can be strengthened."

A federal project is a project that ensures the achievement of socially significant results, the fulfillment of the tasks of the national project and their indicators, as well as additional indicators by decision of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Strategic Development and National Projects, the presidium of the Council, the project committee or the curator.

A regional project is a project that ensures the achievement of indicators and results of a federal project that relate to the legally established powers of a subject of the Russian Federation, as well as issues of local importance of municipalities located on the territory of the specified subject of the Russian Federation.

The state program is a strategic planning document containing a set of planned measures that are interrelated in terms of tasks, deadlines, performers and resources, and public policy instruments that ensure, within the framework of the implementation of key state functions, the achievement of priorities and goals of state policy in the field of socio-economic development and ensuring national security of the Russian Federation.

Currently, more than 40 government programs are being implemented in the Russian Federation. These programs contain at least 2,000 indicators, for the achievement of which about 70% of the federal budget of the Russian Federation is allocated.

In 2021, on the initiative of Mikhail Mishustin, the Government developed and approved 42 initiatives for the social and economic development of Russia, which later became federal projects. These initiatives were the result of the development of a frontal strategy of the Government. It was developed by five working groups led by Deputy Prime Ministers:

· A.R. Belousova ("New high-tech economy"),

· T.A. Golikova ("The New Social Contract"),

· D.Y. Grigorenko ("Client-centric State"),

· M.S. Khusnullina ("Aggressive infrastructure development"),

· D.N. Chernyshenko ("National Innovation System"). [The Government has approved a list of initiatives for socio-economic development until 2030 // The Government of Russia URL: http://government.ru/news/43451 / (date of access: 06/01/2024)]

The basic principles of the frontal strategy are that when forming initiatives, it is impossible to describe all the activities of the Government in the direction, it is necessary to describe the strategy of change. All calibration initiatives should be sorted into the following categories:

· Current activity (RUN),

· Changes (CHANGE),

· Breakthroughs (DISRUPT).

The main task for the Government in the new strategic planning is to identify breakthrough initiatives that significantly change lives for the better, serving as drivers of changes in related areas. Initiatives (projects) should have a significant systemic effect, specific beneficiaries, understandable and measurable results and be of an interdepartmental nature.

The prioritization of projects during the selection at the strategic sessions of the Prime Minister at the Government Coordination Center was carried out according to 2 dimensions: effects and resources.

The following was taken into account when making the assessment:

1. The significance of the problem/challenge for the beneficiaries;

2. The breadth of the beneficiary group;

3. The importance of the project for achieving national development goals;

4. Systemic effects of the project (positive impact on other areas).

When forming the list of initiatives, only the financial resources necessary for the implementation of the project were taken into account. If additional human resources are needed, then additional training/recruitment costs were taken into account when evaluating financial resources.

The final list of 42 initiatives was approved in October 2021. Later, these initiatives were implemented in new federal projects.

As we can see, the instruments of state strategic planning in the Russian Federation are quite diverse, while they are similar. It is important to understand that the achievement of any of the national goals cannot be achieved within the framework of only one state program and/or federal project.

That is why, in order to systematize work on the control and monitoring of the implementation of all instruments, the Government formed in 2021 a unified plan to achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024.["Unified plan for achieving the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024 and for the planning period up to 2030" (approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 01.10.2021 N 2765-r) (with amendments. from 12/24/2021)]

It represents the trajectories of reaching the target levels of indicators characterizing these goals, as well as a list of tools and mechanisms aimed at achieving them, regardless of belonging to state programs and national, federal and regional projects.

The introduction of digital technologies into strategic planning is aimed at creating a more citizen-oriented approach offering efficient and operational services. The integration of digital tools has also led to e-government initiatives, promoting effective management practices and ensuring transparency of administrative processes.

The digital transformation of public administration is aimed at modernizing public services through the integration of digital technologies. It includes digital administration, which uses hardware and digital platforms to facilitate interaction between citizens and the administration.

The goal is to simplify administrative procedures, speed up processing operations and reduce the administrative burden. The maturity of online services represents the level of availability and adoption of digital services for administration, including advanced recursions such as personalized services and online transactions. Digital transformation can play an important role in the growth and competitiveness of enterprises and organizations; by strategically applying digital technologies, enterprises can create new competitive advantages and improve their ability to meet the needs of their customers and adapt to market changes.

The digital transformation of Russia's state strategic planning is a crucial issue for modernizing and improving the efficiency of governance in the country. At the same time, there are still many challenges to overcome in order for this transformation to be fully effective by 2036, and these main problems point to a Single GOSTECH Platform and the National Data Management System (NMS), which are based on personal data protection, improving the quality of public services, training and advanced training.

The continuous and reasonable development of these platforms is necessary in order to succeed in digital transformation and development of digital infrastructure through significant investments in the construction of networks to support the modernization of public services. As for the digital transformation of public administration in Russia, this is a serious task for the country, and therefore the new national project "Data Economy" aims to ensure the success of this transformation by 2030. [A new national project will appear in Russia — "Data Economy" // Ministry of Finance of Russia URL: https://digital.gov.ru/ru/events/45686 / (date of access: 06/01/2024)]

The launch of new national projects and the adoption of departmental digital transformation programs by 2030 represent a more advanced and integrated indicator than ever before, as Russian companies are actively implementing the latest technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), blockchain and 5G for to increase their operational efficiency, digitalize 100% of public services, and connect 100% of socially significant organizations to the Internet.

Currently, the Russian Federation is implementing a system of national projects, which was formulated by Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2018 and confirmed by him at the inauguration ceremony on May 7, 2024. We can identify the following main approaches to the development of project activities and the implementation of national projects:

1. Immersion of priority projects into national projects (i.e. national projects are larger in scale than priority projects started in 2006);

2. Maintaining the management structure: the Presidential Council, the Presidium of the Presidential Council, Project Committees and other mechanisms that have proven their effectiveness;

3. Clarification of targets by year, flexible 6-year plan (rolling planning, synchronized with the budget), ensuring the decomposition and communication of all management facilities;

4. Simplification and de-bureaucratization. Simplification of regulatory procedures and the use of an electronic reporting format, development of a monitoring and decision-making system, change management;

5. The inclusion of project activities in the current work of ministries, to ensure the personal responsibility of deputy prime ministers and ministers;

6. Organization of training for the main participants of project activities, formation of a bonus fund and an incentive system.

In particular, work on national projects involves the creation of comprehensive action plans in 13 main areas. To date, all federal projects have been evaluated, and the most significant projects have been included in the system of national projects. The methodology of public selection makes it possible to evaluate and rank projects that are not included in the system of national projects. So, a queue is being formed from projects that can be implemented in the future.

At the same time, it is important to understand that the political leaders of the Russian Federation, especially the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin, have repeatedly emphasized the role of national projects as the main driver of the country's development, the main indicator of the effectiveness of all levels of government in the country: federal, regional, municipal. All the goals of the country's development (even those that can be considered abstract and difficult to measure, for example, "The development of a harmoniously developed personality") are extrapolated into a specific category: national projects with decomposition into federal and regional projects with a list of activities and budgetary support.

The transition point in this process can be called March 1, 2018, when President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin announced a Message to the Federal Assembly and outlined national development goals for the next 6 and 12 years, which he instructed to immerse in national projects (tools of state strategic planning). In fact, the activities of public authorities in Russia cannot be outside of national projects – all mobilization of state resources should be focused on their implementation. [Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly dated 03/01/2018 "Message of the President to the Federal Assembly"]

Public authorities at all levels implemented the President's instruction on the formation of new national projects in February 2019, when the passports of all new national projects were approved, there are thirteen of them.

We propose to consider the specifics of the implementation of the national project "Ecology" in the Russian Federation in the period from 2019 to 2024. Its curator was V.V. Abramchenko as Deputy Prime Minister, its head was A.A. Kozlov as Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology, and its administrator was K.A. Tsyganov as Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology. [The passport of the national project "Ecology" has been published // Government of Russia URL: http://government.ru/info/35569 / (date of reference: 06/01/2024)] It is worth clarifying that in new national projects from 2024 this hierarchy system will be modified, but more on that later.

If we talk about the functional structure, the national project includes 10 federal projects, 36 indicators, 7 tasks and 133 results (of which 10 are marked with the parameter "socially significant result"). The national project is being implemented in 86 regions of Russia: Kherson and Zaporizhia regions, Luhansk and Donetsk People's Republics do not participate in its implementation at the regional level. At the same time, the city of Baikonur is singled out separately in the Russian state strategic planning system, which is why the total number of which is considered to be the implementation of federal projects at the regional level is 90.

2,508.9 billion rubles have been allocated for the implementation of its key goals, for example, the cleaning of urban landfills, the restoration of forests, the cleaning of Lakes Baikal and Teletskoye, etc., from 2019 to 2024. According to the level of necessary expenditures from the federal budget, it ranks 4th (the rating of national projects in terms of financial support is shown in table 2).

Table.2. Rating of national projects in terms of financial support for 2019-2024 required for their implementation.

According to the data of the Federal Treasury of Russia, as of June 2024, the average level of achievement of NP "Ecology" is 98.56%. It is decomposed into two categories: indicators (achievement - 90.9%) and activities (achievement - 92.3%). The actual cash execution is 32.75%, instead of the planned 34.56%.

As part of the national Ecology project, a program for the modernization of wastewater treatment plants on the Volga River has been launched, more than 7,000 hectares of forest have been planted in the Republic of Sakha-Yakutia, and lessons on energy conservation and respect for the country's natural resources are being held in Russian schools. Also, one of the directions of the project was the so-called "General cleaning": disposal of large industrial debris, military waste, shores of seas and rivers, sunken/stranded ships, abandoned industrial enterprises. The construction of sewage treatment plants, land reclamation, and restoration of biodiversity are the main results of the project.

In general, it is possible to recognize the formal implementation of the national Ecology project as successful, but this cannot be considered an unambiguous marker of achieving the strategic goal of improving the environment in the Russian Federation. This conclusion can be made for several reasons:

1. July 1, 2020 is the deadline for the implementation of the project (respectively, and the achievement of all its targets) it was shifted to 2030. This was done, among other things, due to the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection by the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin.

2. Incorrect definition of control points, activities/results and indicators of federal projects that are part of the national project. For example, in 2019-2021, the indicator for the number of cities with high and very high levels of pollution included 4 cities (Omsk, Cherepovets, Mednogorsk, Lipetsk) in which the level of air pollution was already at a low level in 2019.

3. Frequent postponement of deadlines for the implementation of control points. It is important to note that this situation is typical for all federal projects implemented in the Russian Federation.

4. 100% of the values of the indicators of the national project were revised within 3 years after its launch.

5. Inconsistency of goals and targets within the national project between its components.

An important marker of the success of the implementation of a national project is its satisfaction with citizens. According to the instruction of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation M.V. Mishustin, feedback from citizens is regularly collected for each of the national projects through surveys of the ANO "National Priorities" and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. Surveys measure two categories: awareness of the implementation of projects and satisfaction with their implementation.

According to the latest data from May 2024, the general awareness of citizens about national projects is 70.6%, and satisfaction is 35.2%. If we talk about the national Ecology project, awareness is 44.3%, and satisfaction is 31% (7th place out of 14). This contrast between the survey results in terms of awareness and satisfaction is of research interest.

In our opinion, in democratic states, it is citizens – the main beneficiaries of state strategic planning tools – who should evaluate the effectiveness of project implementation. The process of decomposition of goals into control points by bodies of not political management, but by the bureaucratic apparatus, is inevitable. However, ordinary citizens and a broad expert community should take part in this process, which can form a request to the authorities for the implementation of truly priority measures to achieve national development goals.

The most important feature of the Russian National Project Management System is its dynamism. For this purpose, monitoring will be regularly used and in case of deviation or non-fulfillment of targets, some projects may be excluded from the national project system.

Gathering into a single assessment and monitoring system a large number of different projects (federal, regional, departmental) that are in line to join the system of national projects allows you to put into effect the rule of scarce resource, which is used more efficiently with less resource. Federal budget funds act as a scarce resource. This is the complete opposite of the "spend at all costs" principle, when a guaranteed amount of federal funding is allocated, which must be spent in full, otherwise funding will be reduced.

The methodological center for project activities in the Russian Federation is the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. For example, he prepared and sent to the Deputy Prime Ministers for implementation methodological recommendations on the development of national projects for 2025-2030, including explanations of the main stages of the development of these projects, the roles and functions of government bodies, descriptions of the specifics of the formation of parameters of national and federal projects to ensure preparation for strategic sessions of the Government of the Russian Federation for each of the national projects and the subsequent development of passports of national and federal projects.

The National Project Project Office provides all organizational work on the national project and federal projects, including the development of a national project passport and passports of federal projects that are part of it.

The participants of the national (federal) project are all federal, regional public authorities and other bodies and organizations that directly implement the activities of federal projects that are part of the national project.

The purpose of the national project should reflect the outcome of the implementation of the entire project, determine the direction and brief essence of all project activities. The formulation of the goal should be interrelated with the national development goals of the Russian Federation and/or their indicators and reflect the contribution (role) of a particular national project to achieving the national development goals of the Russian Federation and their indicators. It is not allowed to define several goals of a national project. For each national project, upper-level indicators characterizing the purpose of the national project are determined.

In the political context, it is important to consider separately such a tool as the ORR – a socially significant result. It was developed as a concept in 2020 by Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation M.S. Oreshkin and First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation A.R. Belousov. It was decided to select them from the entire list of results of national projects for their active promotion in Russian society as electoral achievements of the government.

The R&D should represent specific changes in the socio-economic characteristics of the target audience's life activity. They are actively promoted as the results of the work of the authorities through outdoor, TV advertising, in speeches of politicians, on the airwaves of the news.

The description of specific changes implies the following:

1. target audience (how many citizens or representatives of the business community will feel the positive effect/changes from the results of the national project);

2. the time period for achieving the effect (by which year a socially significant result will be achieved).

The planning of federal project activities is carried out in accordance with the procedure established by the current regulatory legal acts and methodological documents in the field of organization of project activities, taking into account the following features:

· activities should have high economic efficiency and social significance and be aimed at achieving the upper-level indicators of the national project, the upper-level indicators of the federal project, and the indicators of the;

· it is recommended to assess the social significance of the event taking into account expert opinion and public surveys (for this assessment, the digital platform of the Expert Council under the Government of the Russian Federation of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation and surveys conducted by the ANO National Priorities can be used);

Starting in 2024, in the Russian Federation, due to unprecedented sanctions pressure, a new format of state strategic planning has appeared - national projects to ensure technological leadership. They can be aimed at creating high-tech products that are of systemic importance for the functioning of the economy, solving socio-economic problems, ensuring the defense and security of the state, or at forming new technology markets (the latter are determined by orders of the Government of the Russian Federation).

The assessment of the implementation of all state strategic planning tools in the Russian Federation takes place in accordance with methodological documents approved by federal executive authorities.

The preliminary monitoring stage of the national Ecology project provides for the analysis of the following data reflecting the initial allocation of funds allocated within the framework of the project.

For the entire period of implementation of projects planned within the framework of the national project, allocations to departments totaling 23.8 billion rubles and transfers to regions in the amount of 54 billion rubles are provided, which brings the total budget of projects to 77.8 billion rubles. In terms of the corresponding shares, 30% are allocated to departments, and the remaining 70% are transfers to regions, which indicates a regional priority in the implementation of the project.

It was planned to allocate the main share of federal funds in the amount of 16 billion rubles to the Clean Country project. The least amount of funds is provided for the implementation of the federal project "Ecomonitoring" - only 0.14 billion rubles. The analysis is based on official data as of June 2024, detailed data are shown in Table 3.

Table.3. Stages of financing of the national project "Ecology" (as of June 2024)

The primary collection of data from federal and regional executive authorities, state corporations, non-profit organizations in terms of checkpoints and cash execution is entrusted to the Federal Treasury. For operational monitoring, the Treasury is deploying information panels. One of the most frequently used monitoring tools is the automated control system "Analytics of national projects" or "Lilac Fog".

The system allows real-time operational monitoring of the implementation of all national projects in terms of indicators, activities, control points at the federal and regional levels. The ARM "Analytics of National Projects" provides integration with the GIS "Electronic Budget", therefore, in one window you can also monitor the execution of financing of national projects. Uploading in formats is available on all pages of the system.xlsx, .pdf, .docx for any convenient data format. Under each of the widgets, the user has the opportunity to leave a comment about a possible incident, if there is a possibility of incorrect presentation of information – employees of the Federal Treasury are obliged to review the appeal within one working day.

The role of the think tank in monitoring the implementation of national projects of the Russian Federation belongs to the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. It is in the center with the help of digital monitoring tools (analytical dashboards and advanced information systems) and analog products (printed brochures in various sections).

Also, one of the monitoring tools is the allocation of the so—called "Key results" - 410 parameters of national projects, state programs and initiatives of socio-economic development that are particularly important for citizens and society, requiring increased control over their implementation. The Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation, starting in 2023, regularly monitors them in the context of deputy prime ministers. In unique brochures, a rating is formed for each Deputy Prime Minister according to the level of achievement of key results, as well as a rating of federal executive authorities and organizations responsible for the implementation of the Kyrgyz Republic. For example, according to the Analytical Center, in 2023:

· 106 key results have been adjusted;

· The planned values of 65 KR (15.9%) have been improved, including 51 KR state programs, 10 KR national projects, 4 KR strata.initiatives;

· The planned values of 41 KR (10%) have deteriorated, including 28 KR state programs, 4 KR national projects, 9 strata.initiatives;

· In 2024, the number of CD for which there are no monthly target values increased by 79 units, which worsens the possibility of operational monitoring of key results. This is due to the fact that the monthly planned values of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2024 have not yet been approved.

Similarly, it is necessary to study and analyze the initial data on contract financing.

Current monitoring of national projects in Russia may include the collection, processing and analysis of data on the total amount of funding allocated from the federal budget for the implementation of projects, on the forms of use of federal budget funds, on bodies and organizations implementing projects. to keep and receive these funds, as well as the purposes for which the allocated funds will be used.

The monitoring system for the implementation of national projects allows:

· increase transparency in the allocation and expenditure of funds allocated from the federal budget;

· respond in a timely manner and, if possible, prevent situations related to the backlog of the project schedule, misuse of allocated funds, and a decrease in the values of project indicators compared to the target values;

· Continuously collect and store project-related data using end-to-end technologies.

Using AI as an advanced decision support system for such tasks has huge advantages for generating hybrid knowledge combining complex analytical correlation options and human contextual intelligence. Tensions arise between those who seek to introduce AI to gain new contributions to public decision-making and those who seek efficiency.

The relevant point is that in conditions of a limited federal budget, the introduction of AI to achieve efficiency and cost savings may seem mandatory. The unknown risk of losing control over self-learning algorithms that control the interaction between machines and critical public resources must be balanced with an obvious advantage in terms of scalability of tasks and costs.

In the context of studying the process of monitoring the effectiveness of the implementation of state strategic planning tools, we can say that it can already be used as a "second opinion" on the satisfaction of the population with the implementation of national projects thanks to the technology of neural analysis of social networks and portals on the Internet, where socio-political and social topics are discussed. This can be realized thanks to "parsing" - continuous semantic search in a certain segment of the Internet according to specified parameters. Summary impersonal results on the opinion of citizens on a specific event (set of measures), together with indicators of its implementation, can show extremes that decision makers should pay attention to when recognizing the project as successful.

As for Russia, we believe that already now on the current information platforms in the Russian Federation (GAS "Management" and GIS "Electronic Budget") It is possible to apply modeling technologies using artificial intelligence in the following parameters:

· the risk of not achieving the indicator in the current and/or forecast period;

· the risk of failure to reach the control point in the current and/or forecast period;

· the risk of non-100% cash execution of events in the current and/or forecast period;

The final approval of forecasts, at least at the implementation stage, should be carried out by competent specialists. In the process of machine learning and reducing the number of errors, the neural network can gradually draw conclusions on its own.

Key performance indicators enable government agencies to proactively solve problems, optimize efficiency, allocate resources efficiently, and improve strategic planning using accurate data rather than guesswork. As governments at all levels modernize their operations, the integration of KPI analytics lays the foundation for data that facilitates transformation in the future.

Monitoring the implementation of national projects in Russia shows a disparity between citizens' awareness of national projects and satisfaction with their implementation. This contrast between the survey results in terms of awareness and satisfaction is of research interest.

In the process of monitoring the achievement of Russia's strategic goals, there are opportunities for the introduction of artificial intelligence, for example:

1. modeling technologies using artificial intelligence according to the following parameters:

a. the risk of not achieving the indicator in the current and/or forecast period;

b. the risk of failure to reach the milestone in the current and/or forecast period;

c. the risk of non-100% cash execution of activities in the current and/or forecast period;

2. satisfaction of the population with the implementation of national projects thanks to the technology of neural analysis of social networks and portals on the Internet.

At the same time, we believe that the final approval of decisions /conclusions/forecasts made with the help of artificial intelligence, at least at the implementation stage, should be carried out by competent specialists. In the process of machine learning and reducing the number of errors, the neural network can gradually draw conclusions on its own.