Musaeva Kh.M. Individual Income Tax in the Modern Period of the Russian Federation: Experience in Collecting and the Need to Increase its Social Role

Abstract: The object of the research is the mechanism for collecting individual income tax (personal income tax) and its social role. The subject of the research is the need to increase the social role of the individual income tax (NDFL) in the Russian Federation. Focus is made on evaluating the social orientation of the existing mechanism for calculating and collecting individual income tax in the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to determining systems problems weakening the social role of personal income tax. The author also conducts a comparative analysis of the experience in calculating individual income tax in industrialized countries and individual income tax in Russia. In the course of the research the author demonstrates that the mechanism used to calculate and collect individual income tax in Russia does not observe the principle of the social orientation of taxes. In her research Musaeva makes an extensive use of graphic calculation instruments as well as  many kinds of research methods including the dialectical approach, methods of systems and comparative analysis and synthesis, statistical selection, grouping and generalization, factor analysis and logical analysis. The scientific nvelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author developes grounded guidelines to increase the social role of individual income tax, to decrease social tension in the society and encourage the growth of labor productivity in the Russian Federation. In order to fully realize the social role of individual income tax, it is necessary to impose the progressive taxation method on excess income and non-labor profits. The author proves the need to provide exempt from taxation of citizens' income necessary to provide life support of taxpayers and their families at the subsistence wage level. The author demonstrates that the factors decreasing the social role of individual income tax in the Russian Federation are the low profits of the majority of population as well as the large amount of 'black' profits. The author emphasizes the need to reform the current system of labor relations, to increase wages in economic sectors which would allow to increase the amounts of individual income tax in the future, to lower the amounts of insurance contributions to state social non-budgetary funds, to transfer part of tax burden from entrepreneurs to physical entities and to perform a number of social reforms. 

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