Gasilin A.V. Jean-Paul Sartre's Existential Psychoanalysis as the Method of Philosophical Anthropology

Abstract: The subject of the research is a specific philosophical method of human biography analysis presented by the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in his philosophical treatise 'Being and Nothingness'. Within the framework of the research existential psychoanalysis is being viewed as the method of modern philosophical anthropology and an alternative to existing psychoanalytical, psychological, symbolic, linguistic, socio-historical and other techniques of analysis of human reality. The main target of the research is to demonstrate the key features, the scope of application and heuristic potential of this method as well as the fundamental differences between this method and Sigmund Freud's classical psychoanalysis. In the course of research Gasilin carries out a comparative analysis of Jean-Paul Sartre's existential psychoanalysis and Sigmund Freud's classical psychoanalysis. He defines their common features and differences and analyzes the key concepts of Sartre's existential psychoanalysis such as the other, being-for-others, fundamental project, bad faith, non-thetic consciousness, etc. The result of the research is the strict differentiation between potential scopes of classical and existential psychoanalysis. The latter is absolutely inapplicable as the psychotherapeutic method and cn be viewed only as a specific method of biographical analysis as well as a tool for literary analysis. The fact that special features of Sartre's approach to biographical analysis are very little studied by Russian researchers make the present research especially important for Russian philosophical anthropology. 

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