Popova V.S. Psychologism as the Logical and Methodological Issue: Historical Origin in Russian Philosophy of the Beginning of the XXth Century and Contemporary Meaning

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of psychologism in terms of logic. Psychologism is viewed with reference to logical and methodological researches of some Russian philosophers of the XIX-XX centuries as well as foreign researches of this issue (Vladislavlev-Mill, Vedensky-Lossky, Shpet-Sigwart-Wundt). The importance of the psychologism paradigm is expressed in several logical and methodological tendencies (importance of the empiric subject of cognition in modern humanitarian epistemology; contemporary convergence of logic, argumentorics, cognitive science and researches of artificial intelligence; and a growing role of informal logic and its approaches to the analysis of argumentation).  Examination of psychologism problem in various philosophical systems is very significant from the viewpoint of the humanitarian epistemology development and humanitarian discipline evolution. The author also describes debates on the demarcation of logical and psychological phenomena. Today's epistemological approaches (for example, cultural and historical methodology) emphasize the importance of the dialogue between different aspects of research and the eternal nature of questions about the subject of science (logic, psychology and philosophy). The author treats cultural and historical approach as the most effective for contemporary psychologism problem research.

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