Cholanyuk V.R. On the Paradoxical Nature of the Anthropological Constituent of the 'Living Metaphor' in Paul Ricoeur's Philosophy

Abstract: The present article is the continuation of the research of the anthropological meaning of the 'living metaphor' in the heritage of a great French philosopher. The subject under review is the paradoxical nature of the 'living metaphor' which anthropological role is being interpeted in terms of the historically presented time 'intrigue' in Paul Ricoeur's most fundamental and largest work 'Time and Narrative'. Special attention is also paid to the development of the general definitions of such terms as mimesis and poesis wherefore the intrigue of the living metaphor receives a better anthropological evaluation with reference to its development in the author's work. Therefore, in his article Cholanyuk makes an attempt to describe the anthropological meaning of the 'living metaphor' through recognition of implicated images in Paul Ricoeur's discourse during which the historical and poetic intrigue is assigned by a person who does the interpreting. Methodological and theoretical grounds of this research consist of the provisions of philosophical hermeneutics just like the grounds of the previous research. Thus, the main research method is the hermeneutic method that involves anthropological and philosophical interpretation of additional meanings of a text with reference to the ‘living metaphor’ described by Paul Ricoeur. The scientific novelty of the research and the main theoretical concept thereto are based on the following provisions: 1) the present research is the first one in Russian philosophy to trace back the development of the anthropological definition of the phenomenon of the ‘living metaphor’ in Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics; 2) the researcher establishes to which degree the intrigue of the 'living metaphor' relates to the historico-philosophical and anthropological focus of Paul Ricoeur's works  and constitutes an promising approach to understanding the time-related and narrative identity of human being; 3) the researcher analyzes the theoretical basis of the philosophico-historical and popular scientific literature that can be related to the intrigue of the ‘living metaphor’ in Paul Ricouer's 'Time and Narrative' from the point of view of modern anthropology; 4) the researcher also makes his own attempt to study the time-related intrique of the 'living metaphor' taking into account the anthropological meaning thereof; 5) the researcher provides philosophical grounds for the creative constituent of the metaphoric activity and describes the progressive role of the metaphor in the development of the society.  In this article the researcher comes to the conclusion about the compositional constituent of the 'living metaphor' as an inovative metaphoric activity that was the attribute of the French philosopher disregarding the imitative function of human creativity generally implied by Paul Ricoeur in his 'Time and Narrative'. Paul Ricoeur creates a new language model through structurally relating interpretation of historical facts to the living metaphor, thus giving to a reader to 'think more' based on the 'here and now' way of thinking.  Critical anthropological evaluation of such a model of reenactment of historical events does not assume that metaphoric description is nothing else but the reflection of famous peoples of the past. Being a mean of expression and distribution of an idea in general anthropological terms, the historical intrigue described with the help of the 'living metaphor' contains the reference of the author that encourages the continuation of the metaphoric communication.

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