Lapina M.A. Optimal legal methods providing the harmonization of the system of legal sanctions of administrative and criminal legislation

Abstract: The subject of the article is a range of legal and organizational problems of administrative-legal regulation of administrative sanctions. The author carries out the theoretic and legal analysis of administrative sanctions. Legal sanctions, provided by the Code of Administrative Offences and the Criminal Code, don’t correlate with each other from the viewpoint of optimal measures of state coercion which should provide the restoration of justice in the relations between the participants of economic activity and economic interests of the state. The existing sanctions, taking into account the increasing number of economic and financial offences, don’t provide special prevention in relation to economic offenders and general prevention on the part of other economic subjects. The main attention of the author is paid to the defining of principles of harmonization of the system of legal sanctions in administrative and criminal legislation. The author offers the following methods of harmonization of criminal and administrative sanctions: administrative collateral estoppel, the “linkage” to sectoral legislation, for some economic cases – nonalternative sanctions, etc. The article presents the author’s ideas about criminal responsibility of legal entities. The methodology of the research is based on the recent achievements of epistemology. The author uses the general philosophical and theoretical methods (dialectics, the systems method, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, observation, modeling), the traditional legal methods (formal-logical) and the methods, used in special sociological research (the statistical method, expert assessments, etc.). The author concludes that currently it is necessary to enhance the forms and methods of administrative-legal influence on the state and the private sectors of Russian economy in order to provide law and order in the economic sphere. The author states that it is necessary to reduce the quantity of sanctions and to increase the quantity of encouraging norms both in criminal and administrative legislation. 

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