Lapina, M.A., Karpuhin, D.V. Problems of distinguishing civil law and public law risks in jurisprudence.

Abstract: The issue of civil law risks has been the subject of attention for several decades in the Russian civil law studies. However, the situation is different with the public law risks. The first publications on the problems of risks in constitutional, customs, environmental and administrative spheres of public law relations have started appearing quite recently. The goal of this article is in analysis of similarities and differences in legal risks of civil and administrative legal nature. The methodological basis for the scientific article was formed by the current achievements of the theory of cognition. In the process of studies the author used general philosophical, theoretical and empiric methods (dialectics, systemic method, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, observation, modeling), traditional legal methods ( formal logic method), and methods typical for specific sociological studies (statistical, expert evaluation, etc.). The article pays attention to the different aspects of risks. Subjective risks theory evaluates risks from subjective psychological positions. The subject of legal relation supposes that negative consequences may follow from his activities. However, if he takes no actions (making contracts, driving a vehicle), to which law connects negative consequences, there is no risk. The objective theory does not relate psychological attitude of persons to their actions and interprets a risk as a potential possibility for situations causing financial losses. For the proponents of this theory risk is a constant danger of appearance of negative consequences.

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