Kharkevich M.V. Forms of public diplomacy and types of states

Abstract: The article examines the factors determining the choice of a public diplomacy form. The author identifies two basic forms of public diplomacy – a hierarchical and a network – corresponding to two dominant structures of social relations. The article also identifies three types of states based on the criteria of a state attitude towards a value of sovereignty: modern, premodern and postmodern. The analysis of variability of forms of public diplomacy and the conditions of its determination have produced the following results. First, in certain way the determinant of variability of the forms of public diplomacy is the structure of social relations, within the framework of which it is being implemented. Second, the choice of the network or hierarchical form of public diplomacy mostly depends on the type of state, which uses the instruments of public diplomacy. Modern and postmodern states are more prone to hierarchical forms of public diplomacy, and the postmodern more often choose the network form of public diplomacy. Sovereignty being understood as strive for autonomy rather corresponds with the hierarchical form of public diplomacy, which is more often used by the modern states. Deviation from sovereignty as the highest value allows the postmodern allows using the network public diplomacy, which in the long-term perspective is more efficient than the hierarchical form. Premodern states can use both forms of public diplomacy if permitted by their resources. 

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