The concept of "glory" in Russian and Chinese proverbs and sayings

Yan Yun'ya Postgraduate student, RIAMP Department, RUDN 117198, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya street, 6, of. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia yunya626ya@163.com Other publications by this author

Mitrofanova Irina Igorevna PhD in Sociology Associate Professor, Department of Russian language and teaching methodology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 117198, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya street, 6, of. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia mitrofanova-ii@rudn.ru Other publications by this author

The linguistic picture of the world is a specific refinement of the picture of the world in language, and it is usually believed that this concept was proposed by the German scientist V.F. Humboldt.  

In Russia in the 80s-90s of the last century, this research reached its heyday and many outstanding scientists appeared to study issues in this field, for example, Yu. D. Apresyan, Yu. N. Karaulov, V. N. Telia, V. V. Vorobyov, N. D. Arutyunova, E. V. Paducheva, etc. .  

So the Soviet scientist S. A. Askold used the name concept for the first time in his work "Word and Concept". The scientist defined the concept of a concept as "individual representations", which in some features and features are given a general significance. A concept is a mental formation that replaces an indefinite set of the same kind in the process of thought” ^{[1, p. 268]}. In linguistics, different scientists have offered different ways of understanding this idea, so there is still no single definition for this term. 

According to V.I. Karasik, “conceptual - mental education, which represents significant conscious typed fragments of experience stored in a person's memory” ^{[2, p. 59]}. 

As Yu. S. Stepanov writes, an individual perceives culture mentally in the image of a concept. On the other hand, the researcher believes that through the concept, a person himself becomes a part of culture and has the opportunity to influence the formation of culture ^{[3, p. 43]}. 

S.G. Vorkachev believes that the concept is like a mental education, emphasized by linguistic and cultural specifics, and also notes in the “authorization of an impersonal, objectivist concept” ^{[4, p. 67]}. 

One of the important sources of conceptual research materials in the field of linguoculturology are proverbs and sayings, which represent an important part of the language. Proverbs and sayings briefly and clearly express various thoughts and are important. Russian proverbs and sayings contain distinctive national characteristics and cultural values. The study of proverbs and sayings containing the concept of "glory" can reveal personal national characteristics.  

In the culture of the Russian and Chinese peoples, the concept of "glory" is complex and diverse. The research material was idioms, proverbs and sayings taken from the dictionary of V.I. Dahl and electronic resources, divided into the following four main categories.  

1. The concept of "glory" is very significant for the Russian people. 

1.           The war left a deep mark on the Russian landscape. For Russians, the "glory" of battle is an honor that cannot be replaced. It cannot be replaced. 

Glory is the sister of the feat. 

Glory to the heroes! 

Military glory. 

Glory to Russia! 

These days the glory will not cease. 

Glory with victory. 

Glory to the heroes of Russia! 

2.           In addition, in the Russian national concept, a man should have honor and glory. For example? 

The earth needs moisture, the husband needs glory. 

A girl is followed by a dowry, and a horseman is followed by fame. 

Glory to the hero. 

Contempt for a coward. 

Glory runs to the hero. 

A good horse rushes forward. 

The good fellow returns with glory. 

Defending the Motherland is the business of real men. 

There is such a profession-to defend the motherland! 

3.           Labor is glorious, and laziness is shameful, so "glory" belongs to the hardworking, not the lazy:  

Who serves honestly, glory is friends with him. 

2. The concept of "glory" has certain fixed properties. In the minds of the Russian people, "glory" is something that accumulates gradually. It doesn't come easily, but it can stand the test of time, for example? 

The hero will die — his glory is at war. 

Glory-forever! 

Glory and the future! 

Fame remains independent of time. 

Life is short, but fame is long! 

3. A person who cares about fame must also have a good reputation, for example? 

Good fame is better than gold. 

4. Unlike a good reputation, a bad reputation is also very important in the Russian perception and for the Russian people, a bad reputation spreads quickly and it is difficult to get rid of it; it is terrible, like poison, for example? 

Thin fame is poison. 

Deeds glorify, and people magnify. To whom I work, I praise him! Praised, praised, yes podgoru and dumped! 

?The good fame is far away (walking), and the thin one is further away. 

To glorify yourself, to boast, extolling your merits. 

Good fame to the threshold; and thin. beyond the threshold 

?Good guys, yes slavushka hood. 

5. The Russian people believe that true glory is supreme and belongs only to God. This has led to a number of idioms used to express gratitude to God for overcoming difficulties, for example? 

Thank God. 

?Praise be to God, and honor and glory to you (and good people). 

The only glory in the world: Glory to God above! 

 Thank God, perform, praise and thanksgiving. 

Fame is an eternal theme in human society. The study of such a concept can show the Russian national picture of the world, which contributes to the understanding of the peculiarities of national culture and helps in the study of the ethno-cultural characteristics of the concept of "glory" in proverbs and sayings. 

In Chinese, the concept of "glory" also has several meanings. So in the "Dictionary of the Chinese Literary Language", "Great Chinese Dictionary", "Dictionary of the Chinese language", you can find out the meaning of the word, for example 1) "?": respected, as opposed to humiliated. 2)?,, : glorious. Rise to fame. 3) : honor.      In the dictionary of Chinese sayings, proverbs and phraseological units, the concept of "glory" defines various linguistic and cultural aspects, for example? 

1.           It means survival and death, glory and shame. 

2. means that although a person dies, he dies with glory. 

3. Here the term "fame" is associated with the rise and fall on the career path. We are talking about the fame, humiliation, promotion and demotion that a person faces during his official career. 

4.           Glory and shame are shared and transferred together.  

5.           To put up with a humiliating position, although he knows how to achieve honor. 

6.           , This means not to be ashamed, but considers it honorable. 

7. ? The man dies, he dies with glory. 

8.           This means that it refers to a person's success or failure in their career. 

9.           The roots of the tree are well developed so that its branches and leaves can flourish. The metaphor is to focus on the root of things. 

10.       This means that it is used in honor of the revered dead. 

11.       This means glory and shame, gain and loss.  

12.       Since the beginning of time, there is no one who could live forever, but death must be worthy. 

Analyzing proverbs and sayings about the concept of "glory", it is possible to reveal the mentality, ideas of patriotism, character traits of peoples.  

1. In Russian and Chinese cultures, merit and work are important ways to achieve honors. 

2. In both cultures, it is believed that men should have "fame" and build their work. 

3. "Fame" requires perseverance, but at the same time "fame" is something that will stand the test of time. Even if the hero dies, the "glory" he has achieved will not disappear so easily. 

4. In the Russian and Chinese concepts, "glory" is also an expression of the honor of peoples. Both peoples believe that fame depends on human behavior, and agree that it is more important than wealth, beauty or life. 

5. In Russian and Chinese cultures, a bad reputation can have a huge impact on a person, and after he acquires it, it is very difficult to get rid of it. 

6. As for the ratio between good and bad reputation, both Russians and Chinese believe that a good reputation does not spread easily, and a bad one is easy. This is what we often call "good things go unnoticed, and bad things spread over a thousand miles." In addition to these common features, there are some differences in the concept of "glory" between Russian and Chinese cultures.  

The above-mentioned idioms, proverbs and sayings allow us to generalize the following differences. 

1. Emphasizing the need for men to have "glory", the "glory" of the Russian people mainly refers to merits on the battlefield. The Chinese idiom "glory", in addition to denoting merit in the war, can also refer to a successful career and the achievement of great ambitions, for example, "cheng Bu Qing Yun" and "cheng bai rong ku", which are related to the idiom "Cheng Bu Qing Yun" and "cheng bai rong ku" refer to successful career. 

2. The Russian concept of "glory" is more strongly influenced by religious thought, while there is no similar expression in Chinese. The Chinese concept of "glory" is closely related to the idea of a government official. In ancient China, under the influence of the dominant culture of Confucianism, a career was considered glory for all students, and the ups and downs of the official world became one of the criteria for assessing fame. Under the influence of the idea "the family and the state are one", personal honor and glory were inextricably linked with "the prosperity of the country" and "the rise and fall of the family". With the Russian concept of "glory" the situation is different. 

Thus, we can distinguish the concept of "glory" in Russian and Chinese sayings, proverbs, idioms. Comparing and analyzing the concept of “glory" in Russian and Chinese, it can be noted that the concept reflects the linguistic and ethnic culture of Russia and China, which reflects the national characteristics of the peoples. This is of great importance for researchers of Chinese and Russian languages.