Pedagogical, Organizational and Legal Features of the Training of Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Techniques of Release from Seizures and Girths

Krokhina Yuliya Valer'evna ORCID: 0000-0002-0122-5418 Senior lecturer-methodologist of the International Interdepartmental Center for Training and Retraining of Specialists in Combating Terrorism and Extremism, All-Russian Institute for Advanced Training of Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 142007, Russia, Moscow region, Domodedovo, Fir street, 3 i1lya@mail.ru Other publications by this author

Vyazovik Sergei Nikolaevich Senior lecturer, Department of Fire and Physical Training, All-Russian Institute for Advanced Training of Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 142007, Russia, Moscow region, Domodedovo, Fir street, 3 vipk@mvd.ru

IntroductionThe state always attaches special importance to the level of education, professional training, skills and abilities of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation when they perform law enforcement tasks.

The competence of police officers in matters of competent and precise use of physical force in the suppression of an offense or crime, with further detention and delivery of suspects to the internal affairs body, is the final, evaluated result of comprehensive professional training of employees in the system of departmental education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It is important to emphasize that this work is one of the key and most important in the field of training highly qualified police personnel. It has a regulatory legal regulation in accordance with the instruction on the organization of physical training in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation executed and approved by the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia ^[3].

All units that are associated with the training of employees in this area of work, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is instructed to strictly follow the goals of physical training of employees, which consist in pedagogical support of the formation of physical readiness for high-quality performance of official duties associated with the skillful use of physical force. We also note that the key tasks related to the development and maintenance of professionally important physical qualities by employees at the proper level have also been identified. The teaching staff of educational organizations need to form the motor skills and abilities of the trained employees, in turn, additional educational programs, according to which students are trained, should contain questions of the right block about the legal grounds for the use of combat techniques of wrestling. At the departments and cycles of the corresponding profile, exercises are developed that provide the basics of general physical, tactical, and strength training. One of the most important blocks recommended for the section of training in combat techniques of wrestling is the pedagogical activity of teachers aimed at studying the basic algorithms of actions of police officers to free themselves from seizures and girths. Of course, this pedagogical activity should be practice-oriented, and this should be put at the forefront by the heads of study groups. In this regard, work in the hall, in the classroom, on simulators should provide for the acquisition of skills of skillful tactical behavior of an employee in various conditions of an operational office environment (Fig.1).

Fig.1 Working out of combat techniques by employees and teachers of the International Interdepartmental Center for Training and Retraining of specialists in combating terrorism and extremism of the FGKU DPO VIPK of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Krokhina Yu.V., Vyazovik S.N.)

The chosen topic of our research, of course, in our opinion, is relevant, since employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation have to deal with the solution of law enforcement tasks provided for by federal legislation on a daily basis, where they often have to use not only physical force, but also firearms, and no matter how much a police officer will be trained professionally and competently, the successful result of this complex and dangerous work to protect citizens from criminal encroachments and ensure the security of the state will depend.

The purpose of the study is to study the peculiarities of training of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in the techniques of release from grips and girths in the process of physical training.

The object of the study is the readiness of employees undergoing training, as a result of the acquired knowledge, to skillfully apply techniques of release from grips and girths during the performance of official duties.

The subject of the study is the scientific and methodological provision of pedagogical conditions for training employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the skills of combat techniques of fighting in the learning process.

The hypothesis of the study. The ability to competently and accurately perform the official tasks assigned to police officers, including the detention of offenders with the use of physical force, is a purposeful pedagogical interaction that ensures the formation of the most important professional competencies.

Materials and methods. The work is based on the analysis of various theoretical positions and literary sources on the above problem. The basic pedagogical conditions for the formation of skills of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on the use of techniques of release from grips and girths within the framework of an integrated approach to the study of the basics of physical training have been developed.

Scientific researches of such scientists as Aldoshin A.V., Kuznetsov S.V., Volkov A.N., Voronov A.I., Sadekov R.R., Ovchinnikov A.Yu. and others are devoted to topical issues of the organization of physical training and, in general, strategic readiness of law enforcement officers.

Thus, in his work, Sadekov R.R. notes that employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia have high expectations for professional mental, intellectual, physical, tactical and legal training ^[4]. We agree with this point of view, since law enforcement officers have to solve many tasks that require a wide range of knowledge and intelligence, and even more so in cases of the use of physical force, it is necessary to act at the level of a professional in their field.

It should be understood that when performing operational tasks, police officers must act decisively, competently, in cold blood and with the desired result of preventing and suppressing criminal actions.

Offenders usually act boldly, harshly, try to disarm a policeman, take possession of his service firearms and special equipment. Often, during a physical confrontation, criminals make close combat contact, using violence against an employee, trying to inflict serious damage to him by blows to the head, torso, neck, grabbing his throat with a suffocating effect. And as Aldoshin A.V. rightly notes in his work, in this regard, it is necessary to be able to quickly, with minimal effort and time, get rid of grips, girths, restraints and detain the attacker ^[1].

An interesting scientific and practical approach to the organization of training of employees was demonstrated in their work by Makarov V.M. and Zhuravlev A.A., who proposed a noteworthy pedagogical model that reveals the general rules for the use of combat techniques of wrestling, with a detailed description of its main tactical features in terms of techniques of liberation from the most common grapples and girths^[2].

In general, as V. A. Toropov notes in his work, the importance of the fact that physical training, as part of physical culture, is an integral part of general culture and a mandatory section of the humanitarian component of vocational education ^[5].

On the example of our division of the system of additional professional education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, I would like to note that the Department of Fire and Physical Training has accumulated sufficient scientific and practical experience of working with students to solve problematic issues of ensuring readiness to perform official tasks in the aspect of providing pedagogical assistance in the study of combat techniques of wrestling.

During the training, highly qualified specialists from among the teaching staff of the department conduct initial introductory test sessions, as a result of which the level of preparedness of police officers who arrived for training at the FGKU DPO All-Russian Institute for Advanced Training of Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is assessed. One of the methods is a survey of listeners to determine the legal preparedness of police officers who arrived for training, the basics of the use of physical force in accordance with the regulatory legal requirements.

As a result of the data obtained, the level of preparedness of the trainees who arrived for advanced training courses is assessed. If necessary, a plan of organizational pedagogical measures is developed with the training group, aimed at correcting mistakes, developing practical skills and abilities to use physical force and fighting techniques in various conditions. Starting from the sections and points of the educational program, a teacher who has received a complete picture of the state of affairs is able to carry out the necessary pedagogical correction in the shortest possible time using modern pedagogical approaches and technologies.

Teachers demonstrate the correct execution of exercises, while paying attention to the nuances of tactics and teaching methods, taking into account gender differences. Then the painstaking routine work on studying the basics of physical fitness continues, techniques are practiced in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, as a result of which graduates leave the walls of the educational organization with the necessary knowledge, which they subsequently apply in practice in their units (Fig.2).

Fig.2 The work of teachers at the Department of Fire and Physical Training of FGKU DPO VIPK of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with students (Lunin A.A., Novikov A.N.)

In this case, the most important role is assigned to the teaching staff who transfer their professional skills, in particular, to release from seizures and girths, to both beginners and experienced police officers who are on training and represent various divisions of law enforcement agencies of Russia.

It is noteworthy that the teaching staff of the department constantly improves their professional and intellectual level by participating in various competitions and competitions where they practice combat skills, transferring them later to students in training sessions and transforming all this into new technologies and methods of teaching academic disciplines in the unit.