Sources of replenishment of the terminological system of veterinary parasitology (based on the German language material)

Khakimova Giulnara PhD in Pedagogy Head of the department of Foreign and Russian languages, Docent, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Skryabin 109472, Russia, g. Moscow, ul. Akad. Skryabina, 23 g.khakimowa@yandex.ru Other publications by this author

The present study is aimed at studying the specifics of word-making, identifying the most productive ways of word formation and the nature of the language material used in the formation of terms in the German language related to the term system of veterinary parasitology. Our attempt at linguistic analysis of the ways of word formation of terminological nominations denoting invasive animal diseases will contribute to further deepening of knowledge about the terminology of invasive (i.e. parasitic) diseases, and the results of the study can be used in the practice of translating special scientific literature. The systematization of knowledge about the terminology of veterinary parasitology also has extralinguistic significance, since it is directly related to human and animal health.

The object of the study is the terms and terminological phrases denoting invasive diseases of animals. It should be noted that invasive diseases are called "diseases whose causative agents are parasites of animal origin – helminths, ticks, insects, protozoa that cause various invasions in animals and humans" ^{[15, p. 14]}. The corpus of lexical units studied (hereinafter referred to as LE) denoting invasive diseases amounted to 457 terms. When analyzing the actual material from the point of view of the susceptibility of living organisms to invasive diseases, 115 parasitic diseases (25.1%) were identified, to which not only animals but also humans are susceptible, 196 diseases (42.8%) are registered in cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, camels and other domestic and wild animals, 62 infectious diseases (13.6%) are inherent in fish, 59 diseases (13%) are observed in poultry and 25 diseases (5.5%) occur in bees. As can be seen from the data, a quarter of invasive diseases pose a certain threat to human health, which explains the need for a comprehensive study of them, including from a linguistic point of view.

The processes of term formation were considered in their works by many Russian scientists, among them D. S. Lotte ^[13], S. V. Grinev-Grinevich ^{[6, pp. 59-66]}, V. P. Danilenko ^{[7, pp. 121-126; 8, pp. 76-85]}, V. M. Leychik ^{[11, pp. 126-129]}, A.V. Superanskaya ^{[18, pp. 196-224]}, V. A. Tatarinov ^{[19, pp. 187-196]}, etc. Many foreign and domestic philologists, among them M. D. Stepanova ^[17], F. Kluge ^[23], were engaged in word formation, borrowing processes and etymology issues in the German language. The study of J. S. Beisenova is devoted to the comparative motivological analysis of epizootological terminology in the Russian and Kazakh languages. The researcher identifies epizootological terms such as genus, zoonoses, anthropozoonoses and anthroponoses as a species, and ranks infectious, invasive and mycotic diseases as a subspecies ^[1]. Despite a certain number of works in which we also attempted to analyze the veterinary terminosystem as a whole in order to identify the sources of its replenishment ^{[20, 21]}, there are many particular terminologies in which the problems concerning the sources of replenishment of microtherminosystems remain insufficiently studied.

When studying the terminological system of veterinary parasitology, we were guided by the classification of derivational models proposed by S. V. Grinev-Grinevich, according to which semantic, morphological, syntactic and morphological-syntactic methods of term formation are distinguished ^{[6, p. 123]}. The enrichment of the terminological fund in the considered subdomain of veterinary medicine in the German language occurs to a greater extent at the expense of classical languages, on the basis of native German bases and affixes, and, in isolated cases, from foreign languages, therefore, we are talking about interlanguage borrowing. The obvious advantages of terms formed with the help of Greek-Latin elements are pointed out by V. P. Danilenko, drawing attention to the fact that they are easy to protect from polysemy in view of the fact that the term elements included in them have specific meanings, the terms do not cause false associations, since they do not motivate the terminological name, but "decipher" named concepts by means of the meaning of their constituent term elements, whose word-formation capabilities are practically structurally unlimited ^{[8, pp. 81-82]}. Borrowings are considered by Russian terminologists to be semantic methods of word formation. Words can be borrowed, according to S. V. Grinev-Grinevich, from other languages in whole or in separate aspects, i.e. only in form, content or structure. Accordingly, borrowings occur in pure or mixed form, which, in turn, are divided into hybrid borrowing and semi-borrowing. Hybrid terms are half-scales, one part of which is borrowed and the other is calcified, and half-borrowings have one part borrowed and the other native ^{[6, pp. 60-61]}. On the basis of the Greek-Latin fund and other languages, 326 LE were formed, i.e. 71.3% of the entire sample, respectively, are borrowed words, among them 84 LE – two–word and 7 LE–three-word - of Greek-Latin origin, 11 LE are borrowed from other modern languages, and 224 LE are semi-borrowings, i.e. e. hybrid terms composed on the basis of the fusion of elements of German and classical languages. The rest – 131 LE (28.7% of the total sample) – are terms formed on the basis of German bases and affixes. The analysis of the factual material in order to identify the most productive ways of word formation showed that in the formation of terminological nominations denoting invasive diseases, the semantic method (borrowing), morphological and syntactic method of word formation (word composition), morphological methods, among them, suffixal and prefix-suffixal, as well as syntactic method were used.

A word structure consisting of a morphological connection of two or more roots (bases) is represented by 265 lexical units, which is 58% of the entire sample. We agree with the opinion of other researchers of the German language that word composition is one of the leading ways of word formation in the German language, since a significant part of the vocabulary of the German language is complex words, mainly nouns ^{[9, p. 131; 10]}. Researchers of medical term systems in English also consider word composition to be an important way of developing medical terminology, since a complex term accurately and fully reflects the phenomenon being nominated, is less susceptible to polysemy due to the specificity of the roots included in its structure, and is also convenient to use, since it helps to save language resources ^{[22, p. 93; 14]}.

As you know, a complex word consists of two components – the main and the defining. The main part is always the last word, by which the gender of the entire compound word is determined in German. The defining part, which can be any part of speech, only clarifies, clarifies the main word. As one of the most common linguistic phenomena in the German language, compound words serve language economy and convey significant information in a compact form. It should be noted that the word structure in German can be simple and complex. As a result of a simple word composition, the defining and main parts of a complex word are directly adjacent to each other. In the term system under consideration, only one term has been identified, formed by a simple combination of native and international words, namely, Wurmstar, m (diplostomiasis, ophthalmohelminthiasis (invasive fish disease)). However, its meaning is not fully derived from the sum of the values of the summands, since the German word Wurm, m has the meaning "worm", and the international word Star, m – "star". In this case, we are dealing with a metaphorization of the second part of the composite term Wurm + star, which is based on the similarity of the form and the transfer of the name from one object to another on the basis of external similarity. Diplostomiasis is formed in fish when larvae (metacercariae), which is justifiably conveyed by the meaning of the defining word Wurm, parasitize the lens of the fish's eye with their suckers (processes), injure it, are located on the periphery of the lens and their number can be hundreds of copies, thereby creating a similarity with the ends of the star, which explains the presence in the term as the main part of the German word Star. It was a single example of a simple word composition.

Most of the complex terms in the analyzed term system are formed by complex word formation, as a result of which complex terms are formed from 2-4 or more words formed, in turn, using morphological methods of word formation, which clearly confirms the fact of the multidimensional nature of word formation as a method of term formation. The multivariance of complex terms is also determined by the origin of the linguistic material involved in the creation of the defining or main parts of the terms. The analyzed array of complex terms contains mostly two-word words. 167 words consisting of two words were identified, which is 63% of all complex terms and 36.5% of the entire sample. They are formed according to the model: N + (connecting element) + N. Let's illustrate with examples, Gallen|seuche, f– taileriosis of cattle, Katzen|r –ude, f - notohedrosis of cats, Rinder|b abesiose, f – babesiosis (northern pyroplasmosis, hemorrhage) of cattle. Among the two - word terms in the term system of veterinary parasitology , the following models are found :

1)       The defining and main parts of a two-word term can both have Greek-Latin or foreign origin. Of the total composition of two–word terms, they make up the largest group, namely, 86 LE (51.5% of two–word terms, 32.4% of complex terms), for example, Ankylo|stomose, f – hookworm, Drepanido|t?niose, f - drepanidoteniosis, Krypto|sporidiose, f - cryptosporidiosis. In the examples given, two term elements (i.e., two bases of words of Greek-Latin origin) are connected using the connecting element -o-, and the main part is formed using a morphological method, namely, suffixal with the involvement of the suffix of Greek origin -ose, which serves to form feminine nouns, corresponds in Russian to the suffixes "-ez", "-oz" ^{[17, p. 337]} and denotes a disease of a non-inflammatory nature. There are cases when the main part of the term is formed by means of prefix-suffixal methods, for example, the term pseudoamphistomatose, f (pseudoamphistomatosis) consists of the defining part of pseudoamphistomatosis (false, imaginary) and the main part formed by the prefix-suffixal method, namely, to the Greek-Latin semantic term element stomat- (hole, hole formation)service term elements were added: the prefix amphi- (around, on both sides, dual) and the suffix -ose.

2)       The defining and main parts of a two–word term can be of German origin (hereinafter referred to as H), 37 similar terms have been identified, which is 22.2% of all two-word and 14% of all complex ones, for example, the term Bremsen|krankheit, f (estrosis, oral cavity disease) is formed by merging two nouns of German origin Bremse, f(brake) and Krankheit,f (disease) using the connecting element -(e)n-, and the main part is formed in a suffixal way using the suffix of German origin -heit. Connecting elements in compound words can also be -(e)s- or -er. Let's give another example: the term Dassel|befall, m (hypodermatosis) is formed by joining two nouns of German origin Dassel (derived from the Low German word dase = Stechm ? cke, f, meaning "mosquito") ^{[23, S. 350]} and Befall, m (lesion), which is formed by from the base of the verb befallen without a suffix and without changing the root vowel.

3)       The defining part of a two-word term can be a Greek–Latin term element or a foreign word, and the main part is a word of German origin. Hybrid terms revealed 21 LE, which is 12.6% of the number of two-word terms and 8% of the complex, for example, Demodex|ausschlag, m (demodecosis), Ocellatum-Krankheit, f (oodiniosis, "velvet disease"), Nagana|seuche, f (Nagana, sleeping sickness). As we can see from the examples, complex words can be written in one word or with a hyphen, and the defining part is Greek-Latin term elements (hereinafter – TE) or foreign words. The main part of the terms of this subgroup is formed using the suffix method with the involvement of suffixes of German origin (-heit, -e), Greek-Latin origin (-ose) or, in general, without a suffix.

4)       The defining part, on the contrary, is a word of German origin, and the main part has a Greek-Latin or other origin, for example, Gefl ? gel|kokzidiose, f – eimeriosis (coccidiosis) of birds, Lebstilesiose, f – liver stylesiosis of ruminants, Pferde|parafilariose, f – parafilariosis (section) of horses. There were 23 such semi-borrowings (13.7% of all two-word and 8.7% of complex). The most frequent suffix used in the formation of most terms of this subgroup is -ose.

Three–word terms revealed 73 LE, which accounted for 27.6% of all complex terms and 16% of the entire sample, for example, Blind|darm|kokzidiose, f - coccidiosis, eimeriosis, red diarrhea in birds, Ascaris-suum–Befall, m – ascariasis of pigs, Kn?tchen|wurm|krankheit, f - esophagostomosis. As for the structural construction, three-word terms are formed according to the general model: N + N + N. The main part is formed in terms of this subgroup also using suffix and/or prefix methods. The suffix may also be absent if the third part of the whole term is a verbal noun without a suffix with or without a change in the root vowel. Note also that three-word terms, as well as two-word terms, can be written in one word or with a hyphen, and words of German origin, Greek-Latin term elements and foreign words participate in their formation, with the "interaction" of which hybrid terms are also formed. The following variations of models of three - word terms are revealed in the analyzed term system :

1) N /A (H) + N (H) + N (H), where all three constituent parts of the term are nouns of German origin, for example, Herings|wurm|krankheit, f – anisakidosis of herring (Hering, m – herring, W urm, m – worm, K rankheit, f – disease), Pansen|egel|befall, m – paramphistomatosis (Pansen, m – scar (ruminant stomach), Egel, m – leech, Befall, m – lesion). Note that the first part of a three–word term can be not only nouns, but also adjectives (A – Adjektiv), for example, Rund|w?rmer|befall, m - nematode (r und – round, w?rmer, Pl – worms, B efall, m – defeat), Schwarz|flecken|krankheit, f – postdiplostom(at)oz, black spot disease (schwarz – black, Flecken, Pl – spots, Krankheit, f – disease). The group of three-word terms, all parts of which are of German origin, is the most numerous. It has 39 LE, i.e. 53.4% of three-word and 14.7% of all terms formed by word composition. The third part of three-word terms can be formed in suffixal, prefixal or suffixal-prefixal ways.

2) N (H) + N (TE) + N (TE), where the first word is of German origin, and the next two are Greek-Latin term elements. The group of similar hybrid terms has 13 LE, which is 17.8% of the three-word and 5% of all complex terms, for example, the term Kaninchen|toxo|plasmose, f (rabbit toxoplasmosis) consists of the words Kaninchen, n (rabbit), toxo- (poison, poisonous, toxic), plasm(about)- (formation, formation) and the suffix -ose; the term Schweine|trypano|somose, f (pig trypanosomiasis) contains the words Schwein, n (pig), trypan- (drill); som- (body) and the suffix -ose. As can be seen from the examples, the first part of the complex term denotes an animal in which this invasive disease has been detected.

3) N (TE) + N (TE) + N (H), where the first two parts of the complex term are Greek-Latin term elements, and the third part is German. 8 LE – half-borrowings were found, where the main part is the original word. This accounted for 11% of all three-word and 3% of the entire array of composites. Here are some examples. The term Braula-coeca-Befall, m (braulesis, bee lice) includes the phrase of Greek-Latin origin Braula-coeca ("bee louse") and the verbal noun of German origin Befall, m(defeat). Another example: the three-word term Echino|kokken|krankheit, f (echinococcosis) consists of the Greek-Latin term elements echinos (hedgehog) and kokk(os) (grain, berry, kernel), on the basis of which the term "echinococcus" (parasitic tapeworm of the chainworm family) is formed, as well as the words of German origin Krankheit, f (disease).

4) N (TE) + N (TE) + N (TE/foreign word – IS), where the three parts of the compound term are Greek-Latin term elements or words of foreign origin, for example, the term Myxo|bolus|infektion, f (fish myxoboliosis) consists of myx(o)- (mucus), bol- (ball) + -us (a service term element for the formation of masculine nouns and denoting an action in the process or state); the third part of Infektion, f is formed from the Latin word inficere ("infect") by adding the suffix -tion, meaning "action, phenomenon, state as a result of action". Let's give another example: the term Neascus-cuticola-Invasion, f (black spot disease) consists of two words of Greek-Latin origin: ne + askos (Greek. sack) and cuticola from cutan (skin, referring to the skin, skin), the third part of the term – Invasion comes from the Latin word invader, which means "enter" by adding the suffix -ion (a service term element to denote abstract concepts expressing action, the result of action, phenomena and processes). 7 similar terms were identified, which is 9.6% of all three-word and 2.6% of all complex terms.

5) N / A (TE) + N (H) + N (H) – in this case, the first part of the composite term is a Greek–Latin term element, and the second and third are words of German origin. This subgroup of semi-borrowings includes 3 LE, which accounted for 4.1% of three-word terms (1.1% of all composites). To give examples, the term Sacroptes|milben|befall, m (sarcoptosis) includes sacroptes (a genus of skin parasites belonging to a larger family of mites known collectively as "scab mites") + Milbe, f (tick) + Befall, m(defeat). The term Varroa|milben|befall, m (varrosis, varroatosis of bees) it consists of varroa (from the Greek-Latin name of the tick family Varroidae) + Milbe, f (tick) + Befall, m(defeat). The first part of the complex term Pseudo|k ? sten|fieber, n (teileriosis (pseudoberg fever) of cattle) is the adjective pseud- (false, imaginary) + K ? ste, f(coast) + Fieber, n (fever, fever).

6) A (H) + N (H) + N (TE) – in this subgroup of semi-borrowings, the first and second parts of the composite term are an adjective and a noun of German origin, and the third has a Greek-Latin origin, for example, the components of the three-word term Blind|darm|kokzidiose, f (coccidiosis, aimeriosis, red diarrhea in birds) are the adjective blind (blind), the noun Darm, m (gut) and the noun Kokzidiose, f, formed from Coccidia (an order of unicellular animals of the spore class) by adding the suffix -ose. The term Mittel|meer-Theileriose, f (bovine taileriosis) consists of the adjective mittel (medium) + Meer, n (sea) + Theileriose (derived from the name of the disease caused by protozoa of the genus Theileria, which, in turn, is formed from the proper name of Theiler with the addition of the suffix -ose. 2 LE of such complex terms were identified, which amounted to 2.7% of three-word and 0.8% of complex terms.

7) N (N) + N (IS) + N (N) – in this case, the first and third parts of a complex term are words of German origin, and the second is of foreign origin. In the entire corpus of three-word terms, one hybrid term was identified (1.4% of three-word and 0.4% of complex terms), namely, Insel-Wight-Krankheit, f (acarapidosis in bees, tick-borne disease, acarosis, St. The first and third parts of which are the German words Insel, f (island), Krankheit, f (disease), and the second part is the English word Wight, which is a toponym and owes its appearance to the fact that this disease was first registered in 1904 at one of the apiaries of the Isle of Wight in England.

The group of four-word terms is 24 LE, which is 9% of complex terms and 5.3% of the entire sample. Four - word terms are formed structurally according to the model : N + N + N + N. Only words of German origin are involved in the formation of four-word terms. Let's illustrate with examples. The term Luft|r?hren|wurm|befall, m (syngamosis in birds) is formed on the basis of the adjunction of the words Luft, f (air), R ? hre, f (tube, pipe), Wurm, m(worm) and Befall, m (lesion). The term Schweine|lungen|wurm|krankheit, f (swine metastrongylosis) includes four words, namely, Schwein, n (pig), Lunge, f (lung), Wurm, m (worm) and Krankheit, f (disease). Note that in 17 LE the last part of the complex terms is the word Befall, m (defeat), in 6 terms – the word Krankheit, f (disease) and in one LE – Luftr ? hrenwurmseuche, f (syngamosis of birds) – the word Seuche, f (epidemic).

In the actual material, a single case of a complex term consisting of five words (0.4% of complex terms and 0.2% of the entire sample) was identified, which is constructed according to the model: N (N) + N (N) + N (N) + N (N) + N (N). The components of a five-word the term Schweine|zwerg|faden|wurm|befall, m (strongyloidosis of pigs) are words of German origin, namely, Schwein, n (pig), Zwerg, m (dwarf, dwarf), Faden, m (thread), Wurm, m (worm) Befall, m(lesion).

As we can see from the analysis of terms formed with the help of word composition, complex terms are the largest group of the entire sample, and in most cases they are hybrid terms. The formation of complex terms involves Greek-Latin semantic and service term elements, words and affixes of German and, in a small number, of foreign origin. In the group of complex terms, the most numerous subgroup consists of two-word terms, among which those formed using Greek–Latin term elements predominate, then in descending order - words of German origin. Several variations of the addition of words of Greek-Latin, German or foreign origin have been revealed. Among the three-, four- and five-word terms, the largest group consists of lexical units of German origin. In the group of three-word terms, a number of variations of the linguistic material involved in their formation are highlighted. Mostly nouns are used, occasionally adjectives of German origin. Greek-Latin term elements are found in small quantities.

Next in terms of the productivity of the formation of terms in the field of veterinary parasitology are morphological methods of word formation, with the help of which 129 words were formed, accounting for 28.2% of the entire sample. I would like to note that we have not included complex terms in this group, the main part of which is formed by suffixal or prefix-suffixal methods, since they are taken into account in the group of composites. The suffix method accounts for 98 LE, i.e. 21.4% of the total corpus of terms, and the prefix-suffix method formed 31 LE (6.8% of the total sample). In the formation of terms of the term system under consideration, mainly service term elements of Greek-Latin origin participate. The most productive is the suffix -ose, which served in the formation of 85.7% of terms formed by the suffix method, for example, Cooperiose, f (cooperiosis), Eimeriose, f (eimeriosis), and 87% of terms formed by the prefix-suffix method, for example, Heterakidose, f (heterakidosis),Metagonimose, f (metagonimosis).

In second place in productivity is the suffix of Greek origin -osis, which serves to form feminine nouns denoting diseases of a non-inflammatory nature or a painful state of the body ^{[12, p. 110]}. With his participation, 6 LE were identified among terms formed in a suffixal way, for example, ?strosis, f (estrosis, kalgir, kruchak, false turn of sheep), Chlonorchosis, f (clonorchosis) and 2 LE formed by a prefix-suffix, for example, Metechinorhynchosis, f (metechinorhynchosis). The suffix of Greek origin -iasis, which corresponds to the suffix "-iaz-" in the Russian language, participates in the formation of the same number of terms and gives the derived words the meaning of a non-inflammatory disease and its development, a chronic painful condition ^{[17, p. 227]}, for example, Kostiasis, f (costiosis, ichthyobodosis of fish), Hexamitiasis, f (1. turkey hexamithiasis; 2. fish hexamitosis). Isolated cases of terms with a suffix of Latin origin -um and with a suffix of German origin -er have also been identified.

The following prefixes of Greek-Latin origin are also involved in the formation of terms: p ara- (near, about, around) – 5 LE, for example, Parabronemose, f (parabronemosis), meta-/met- (for, after, re- (moving from one state to another) or position for what-or, behind ^{[12, p. 73]}) – 5 LE, for example, Metastrongylose, f (metastrongylosis), di- (twofold process, phenomenon) – 3 LE, for example, Digrammose, f (digrammosis), hetero- (hetero-, heterogeneity) – 3 LE, for example, Heterophyose, f (heterophyosis), mikro- (micro-, concepts related to small quantities) – 3 LE, for example, Mikrophallidose, f (microfallidosis), h ex-/hexa- (six) – 2 LE, for example, Hexamitose, f (hexamithiase), poly- (poly-, many-) – 2 LE, for example, Polypodiose, f (polypodiosis), proto- (proto-, primacy, originality) – 2 LE, for example, Protostrongylose, f (protostrongylosis). Isolated cases of the use of prefixes have also been identified: amph- (around, on both sides, dual, two at the same time, both), exo- (location outside the anatomical formation ^{[12, p. 71]}, iso- (equal, proportionate), meso- (middle part of the anatomical formation ^{[12, p. 71]}), post- (location in space after anatomical formation ^{[12, p. 73]}), for example, Isosporiose, f (isosporosis), Exoakarapidose, f (exoacarapidosis), Mesozestoidose, f (mesocestoidosis). The analysis of morphological methods of word formation allows us to conclude that the suffixal method is quite productive in replenishing the term system under consideration, while the majority of suffixes of Greek-Latin origin and, in part, national affixes are used in the formation of terms.

In the formation of terminological units in the field of veterinary parasitology, a syntactic method of word formation is also used, with the help of which terms consisting of two and three separately formed components are formed. If the term-word contains the name of the concept and reflects its content due to word-forming morphemes, the careful choice of which is of fundamental importance, then the terms-phrases are able, as V. P. Danilenko rightly believes, to more fully reflect the signs of the concept due to genus-species relations, when the generic concept is divided into species ^{[8, p. 78]}. Speaking about the importance of using terminological phrases, we agree with other researchers who believe that "terminological phrases allow you to convey a larger amount of information compared to simple (one-component) terms, reflecting the consistency of concepts, their hierarchy and interrelation" ^{[5, p. 61]}. 49 terminological phrases (hereinafter – TS) were identified in the studied terminological system, which amounted to 10.7% of the entire sample. Structurally, 44 two-component vehicles (89.8% of all vehicles) and 5 vehicles consisting of three components (10.2% of all vehicles) were identified among them. Two-component vehicles, in turn, are divided into :

1) Substantive TS formed according to the NN model (Nomen im Nom + Nomen im Gen). 35 similar vehicles have been identified, for example, die Lungenwurmkrankheit der Rinder (dictyoculosis of cattle), der Magenwurmbefall der Pferde (gastric gabronematosis of horses; gastric dracheiosis of horses), die Physozephalose der Bienen (physiocephalosis (conopidosis) of bees). As can be seen from the examples, the generic word occupies a fixed initial position in the phrase, acts as an integrating component, according to S.V. Grinev-Grinevich, and designates a generic common feature of the concept, allowing you to combine terminological phrases into certain thematic groups. An additional word is attached to the generic word, denoting specific features, in our case, the name of a particular animal. S.V. Grinev-Grinevich calls this second component of the VEHICLE differentiating, it has a restrictive character and indicates a distinctive species feature of the concept ^{[6, p. 144]}.

2) Substantive TS formed according to the AN (Adjektiv + Nomen) model with names with adjectives in preposition. We have identified 7 vehicles constructed according to this model, for example, die rhodesische Fasciolo ps idose (bovine taileriosis), die nasale Schistosomatose (nasal schistosomatosis), die rote Ruh r (eimeriosis, coccidiosis, "red diarrhea" in birds). Examples clearly demonstrate that binary substantive TS consist of a dependent adjective word in the function of a prepositive definition and a basic, core word in postposition.

3) Prepositional two-component TS formed according to the Nomen im Nom model + Preposition (preposition) + Nomen im Akk (wine. p.). Among the two-component identified only two vehicles built on this model, namely, die Bandwurmkrankheit durch Biesfliegen (skin disease, hypodermatosis), die Bandwurmkrankheit durch Nasen-Dasselfliegen (cavity disease, estridosis). It should be noted that in both examples, the first integrating noun component is the same term Bandwurmkrankheit f, while the second differentiating component is dependent and plays the role of complement, refinement.

Among the three-component vehicles, 3 terms-phrases were identified, constructed according to the Part I / Adj + N + N model, where the nuclear element (the second) is in the central position, the first – grammatically consistent with the nuclear component – narrows the meaning of the entire vehicle, clarifying the nature of the disease, and the third is also explanatory, indicating the type of animal that has where this invasive disease occurs, for example, die ansteckende Leber–Blinddarm–Entz ? ndung des Gefl ? gels (histomonosis, typhlohepatitis, "black head"). 2 more vehicles are built according to the N + N + N model, according to which the nuclear element is in a preposition and is supplemented with the same type of clarifying elements denoting different types of animals, for example, die Enterohepatitis der Puten und H?hner (histomonosis (typhlohepatitis) of turkeys and chickens). As the analysis of the factual material has shown us, the syntactic method is significantly inferior in productivity to the morphological-syntactic and morphological methods of word formation, however, it is also a means of nominating concepts in the field of veterinary parasitology, and the most productive are two-component phrases with an integrating component in prepositions.

Summing up, I would like to note that in the German terminological system of veterinary parasitology, most of the terms are borrowed, formed with the help of service and semantic term elements of Greek-Latin origin, some of the terms are formed using native language material, in isolated cases foreign words are used. Among the borrowed words, semi-borrowings predominate, in which there is a mixture of foreign-language elements, mainly of Greek-Latin origin, and national bases and affixes. One of the most productive ways of word production is word composition with a clear quantitative predominance of two-word terms. Further descending, the morphological method should be noted, namely, suffixal. To a greater extent, Greek-Latin suffixes participate in the formation of terms, partly German. The syntactic method can also be considered a fairly effective means of nominating invasive animal diseases, since multicomponent terminological phrases are widely represented in this term system. The most popular are two-component substantive terminological phrases, the integrating component of which is the term denoting the disease, and the differentiating word is the name of the animal species. Thus, in the German terminological system of veterinary parasitology, active term-forming processes are observed in connection with the further development of this field of veterinary medicine, which pays more and more attention to the need to fix new concepts in a verbal terminological form.