Peculiarities of implementation of unified professional training programs for a position of a police officer

Udilov Timofei Vasil'evich ORCID: 0000-0001-9824-3032 PhD in Technical Science Associate Professor, Head of Research, Editorial and Publishing Department, East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 664074, Russia, Irkutsk region, Irkutsk, Lermontov str., 110 udilov_nauka@mail.ru Other publications by this author

Vinokurov Vitalii Nikolaevich Senior Lecturer at the Department of Technosphere Security of the State Agriculture University of North Transurals 329314@mail.ru 329314@mail.ru Other publications by this author

In 2019, the professional training of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation entered a new historical stage of its development. It is worth noting that the introduced changes were preceded by a significant amount of analytical work of the DGC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the study of aspects of vocational training in various positions of a worker and an employee, including an analysis of the training of employees of law enforcement agencies of foreign states. As a result of the work carried out, since the second quarter of 2019, vocational training (vocational training) of employees who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, as a "Policeman" employee, has been carried out according to educational programs developed on the basis of unified approximate basic training programs of the DGSK Ministry of Internal Affairs Of Russia.

The main difference between the unified sample basic vocational training programs introduced in 2019 from the previously used sample programs was the uniformity of the list of academic disciplines of general professional and professional cycles, regardless of the category of students, as well as an approximate list of academic disciplines of a professionally specialized cycle (the variable part of the programs), the content of which is determined by the educational organization independently based on regional characteristics and the emerging operational situation.

According to the developers of the approximate basic vocational training programs, the unification of the content of the programs is assumed due to: uniformity of the list of academic disciplines of general professional and professional cycles, regardless of the category of students; unification in training groups of employees of various job categories when studying the basic part of the program and dividing them into subgroups when studying its variable part (professional specialized cycle); the exclusion of industrial practice and the use of liberating study time for theoretical training.

This approach made it possible to ensure the acquisition of the qualification of "Police Officer" (without changing the level of education) by persons employed for the first time in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, assuming the availability of professional knowledge, skills, skills and competencies necessary for the performance of official duties, including in conditions associated with the use of physical force, special means and firearms, identical for all employees, regardless of the level of education and the direction of operational and service activities. In addition, the implementation of the principles of enrollment in a single group for the passage of professional training (professional training) of employees, without taking into account job categories and areas of operational and service activities, allowed to meet the needs for professional training of employees of territorial divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Of Russia.

At the same time, the experience of using unified basic vocational training programs (vocational training) allowed us to identify a number of problematic issues of their implementation and develop possible solutions. The specifics of the implementation of educational programs developed on the basis of unified sample basic vocational training programs have already been discussed at various discussion platforms and forums. At the same time, a number of problematic aspects considered in works ^[1-3], in our opinion, require clarification and specification.

1. Transfer of academic disciplines

The reduction of the training period (from 120 to 84 school days) of middle and senior management personnel, who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies and have higher or secondary professional (legal) education, is achieved by resetting the academic disciplines of the general professional cycle.

According to the provisions of the Approximate Basic program of vocational training "Professional training of middle and senior commanding officers who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and have a higher or secondary professional (legal) education" as a police officer, an educational organization, in accordance with the procedure provided for by a local regulatory act, conducts a transfer of academic disciplines of general professional the cycle of the program mastered by the student while receiving secondary professional or higher (legal) education, on the first academic day of the implementation of the educational program. The results of their mastering by students from the document on training and qualifications are transferred to the certificate of the position of the employee "Policeman" and the conclusion on the passage of professional training issued by the results of the development of the educational program.

The transfer of the academic discipline of the general professional cycle is carried out by the relevant commission of the educational organization for the student who has mastered it in the course of obtaining higher or secondary (legal) education in the following specialties (areas of training): 40.02.02 Law Enforcement (SPO); 40.03.01 Jurisprudence (bachelor's degree); 40.05.01 Legal support of national security (specialty); 40.05.02 Law Enforcement (specialty); 40.05.03 Forensic examination (specialty); 40.04.01 Jurisprudence (magistracy). The development of an academic discipline is confirmed by a document on training and qualifications issued by the relevant educational organization, the main professional educational program of which has state accreditation.

Thus, the list of specialties (areas of training) in which there is a possibility of transferring academic disciplines of the general professional cycle is extremely concretized.

At the same time, there are situations in which an employee sent for professional (initial) training has a secondary professional or higher (legal) education in specialties (areas of training) that are not included in the above list. For example, by specialty: 40.02.01 Law and Social security organization; 40.02.03 Law and Judicial Administration. Accordingly, in such a situation, there is no possibility of transferring academic disciplines of the general professional cycle.

In such a situation, two questions arise:

1. Is it lawful to enroll such an employee for training under the basic vocational training program "Professional training of middle and senior commanding officers who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and have higher or secondary professional (non-legal) education" as a "Police officer"?

2. When enrolling such an employee for training under the basic vocational training program "Professional training of middle and senior commanding officers who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and have a higher or secondary professional (legal) education" as a police officer, due to what time the student must master and pass intermediate certification in the amount of 288 academic hours?

A similar situation arises when an employee sent for training has completed higher education in the specialty (direction of training) 40.04.01 Jurisprudence (magistracy), while there is no reason to believe that they have mastered academic disciplines that allow them to transfer academic disciplines of the general professional cycle of the educational program: "Fundamentals of criminal law", "Fundamentals of criminal procedure", "Fundamentals of Criminology", "Fundamentals of Criminology", "Fundamentals of Administrative Procedural Law".

It is possible that such situations can be avoided if the general professional cycle is completely excluded from the main vocational training program "Vocational training of middle and senior management personnel who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and have a higher or secondary professional (legal) education". Motivating this by the fact that an employee with a secondary professional or higher (legal) education is able to independently study academic disciplines of a general professional cycle, and monitoring the results of such mastering of academic disciplines (intermediate certification) is not required.

2. Increasing the academic load and the load on the classroom fund of the educational organization

Due to the division of study groups into subgroups for the development of academic disciplines of a professionally specialized cycle, the educational load of teaching staff increases and the required number of classrooms and classrooms increases.

For example, in the case of enrolling 5 study groups per month, at the end of mastering the general professional and professional cycles, the maximum number of subgroups can be 20 pcs. Which in turn will lead to a 4-fold increase in the required number of classrooms, and an increase of 2430 hours of training load.

At the same time, the norm laid down by the basic provisions of the Approximate Basic Vocational Training Programs, which establishes the number of a subgroup of one person, is often the basis for enrolling an employee for training in violation of the schedule of professional training of employees for a calendar year. Consequently, it leads to an unplanned increase in the academic load and the load on the classroom fund of the educational organization.

A possible solution to this problem may be the development of a variable part of the educational programs of professional (initial) training, which provides for the study of one of two academic disciplines of a professionally specialized cycle: "Topical issues of the activities of departments related to the identification, disclosure and investigation of crimes and administrative offenses, the protection of public order, ensuring public safety", "Topical issues of activity units that are not related to the identification, disclosure and investigation of crimes and administrative offenses, the protection of public order, ensuring public safety."

The introduction of such variable academic disciplines into educational activities makes it possible to radically unify the content of the main vocational training programs for all official categories of employees who were first recruited to the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation as a "Policeman" employee, which makes it possible to form training groups regardless of the official category of persons sent for training, and the Schedule for the organization of educational activities of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs In Russia, according to the main vocational training programs.

In addition, the need to divide the study group into subgroups is significantly reduced when conducting training sessions on a discipline of a professionally specialized cycle, due to this, a significant reduction in the volume of the academic load and the load on the classroom fund of the educational organization is ensured.

In addition, in our opinion, every citizen who has been accepted for service in the internal affairs bodies for the first time should have an idea of the activities of all departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, regardless of the position currently being filled.

In particular, this is necessary so that he has a confident idea that the effectiveness of the work of other departments of the internal affairs bodies largely depends on the correctness of his actions at the scene of a crime, an administrative offense or an incident.

Thus, when mastering one of the offered academic disciplines of a professionally specialized cycle, each employee will study the specifics of the activities of the police patrol and guard service units, duty units, security and convoy units of the police and special police institutions, transport security units, preliminary investigation and inquiry units, traffic police units, the activities of district police officers and inspectors of juvenile affairs, the activities of units engaged in operational investigative activities, migration units, etc.

Of course, the list of problematic issues considered is not exhaustive, and each educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia may have its own. In addition, we consider it appropriate to make the following changes to the approximate basic vocational training programs:

1. To provide for the right of an educational organization to independently supplement (introduce) additional intermediate certification on individual topics, subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), to determine the forms and frequency of its conduct within the time limit set by the approximate program for the development of the educational program.

2. Reduce the number of hours of study time allocated for independent work on the topic: "Training shooting from a 9-mm Makarov pistol" of the discipline: "Fire training" (from 10 o'clock to 2 o'clock), or exclude such a form of work on this topic.

3. Supplement the educational discipline "Fire training" with topics that reveal the purpose, combat properties and device of submachine guns in service with the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, as well as techniques and rules for firing submachine guns, providing for training firing from this type of weapon.

4. Supplement the educational discipline "Fire training" with the theme: "Organization of training and activities of freelance sniper groups of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation".

5. In order to implement the requirements of the Procedure for organizing personnel training for positions in the internal Affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated 05.05.2018 No. 275, supplement the content of the topic: "Athletics and accelerated movement" of an optional discipline: "Improving general physical fitness" with endurance exercises such as running (cross) for 5 km, running (cross) for 1 km.