Abstract: The object of the research is the process of training would-be vocational teachers at a University. The subject of the research is the quality of higher professional-pedagogical education. The author of the article examines such aspects of the topic as the quality assessment and management (including quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement), in a word, elements of the definition of 'quality guarantee in higher education'. The author focuses on analysing officially published translations of relevant foreign sources into the Russian language (guidelines and recommendations ENQA 'ESG 2015', and ISO 9000:2015). The research methods included terminological analysis of the main terms related to the quality of vocational teachers' training quality, systems analysis of quality guarantees at universities, socio-pedagogical analysis of the methodological and legal basis of the higher professional-pedagogical education quality. The main result of the research is that the author specify definitions of 'professional-pedagogical education', 'education quality', 'quality guarantees' in terms of training would-be vocational teachers. The author's special contribution to the topic is his review and summary of essential features of the definition of 'higher professional-pedagogical education quality'. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author gives his own definition of this term. 

Keywords: quality assurance, quality of the result, quality of the process, quality assessment, quality control, quality management, quality of education, professional-pedagogical education, teachers of professional institutions, quality guarantees

Abstract: The fact that students and teachers actively use information technologies (IT) in their academic process has defined the subject of the research. The article is devoted to IT-competences of would-be teachers applied in the process of selecting, using and teaching software. The authors of the article pay special attention to the requirements of teachers being ready for these activities as these requirements are presented in international and federal educational standards. The purpose of the research article is to describe a comprehensive approach to developing practice-oriented IT-competences of students trained in teaching and to solve the problem of popularisation of information and computer support of teaching disciplines at a university. Based on the Internet survey, the authors have analyzed IT-needs of teachers, structure of their interest in this sphere and IT usage rate. They have also discovered problems arising in the process of teachers' applying ready-to-use software. The main problem is that teachers have difficulty adjusting software products to their teaching method and planning of lessons. The authors describe the concept, system and experience in training would-be teachers for developing and using their own software for academic purposes. The authors also establish the main principles of 'transparent' development of IT-competences and curricular and psychological results of this approach. As an example, the authors describe fully featured academic software that is used to teach disciplines at Lipetsk State Pedagogical P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky University. 

Keywords: practice-oriented competences, students' IT-developments, experience of IT-training, educational software, principles of IT-training, information support of training, IT-training system, development of IT-competences, design method, IT-needs of teachers

Abstract: The need to develop speech culture of cadets at a military educational institution requires new efficient solutions that can be made on the cross-curriculum integrative basis. As an academic discipline, Foreign Language is one of the components of the education environment that stimulates the deveopment of cadets' speech culture. In her research Semidelikhina focuses on the practical aspect of developing speech culture by the means of foreign language. The subject of the research is a set of techniques increasing the cultural speech level and overall personal development of a cadet in the process of his or her studying a foreign language. The author provides grounds for combining communication-oriented and conscious-comparative methods compiling the development of cadets' speech culture in the process of teaching a foreign language. Foreign language serves not only as a mean of interethnic communication but also a source of development of the native language speech culture. The implementation of a set of techniques developed on the basis of culture-congruent orientation of substantial and procedural components of teaching a foreign language proves that it is possible to develop cadets' speech culture in the process of personality developmental teaching foreign languages at a military educational institution. 

Keywords: ways of speech analyzing, ways of effective speech activity, ways of text producing, conscious-comparative method of teaching, communicative method of teaching, speech culture, cultural conformity, communicative skills, foreign language, cadets

Abstract: The subject of the research is reflective mechanisms and activity-related conditions for the design of conceptual ideas. The authors underline the importance of developing conceptual ideas in the process of building an innovative and original school. The authors also analyze the current situation in today's Russian innovation infrastructure of education and problematize the processes of innovation research based on the analysis of general education institutions participating in the project "Network Design Institute for Innovative Education" carried out on the Federal innovative platform at Nizhni Novgorod Institute for Educational Development. The research methodology is based on the design and transforming anthropological paradigm and reflective-positional approach. During the analysis, conceptual search and building a typology of innovative ideas the authors have used the conceptual modeling method and comparative analysis. The research results are presented in the form of a substantial typology of innovative ideas and practices of Network Design Institute for Innovative Education. The authors have formulated three basic types of innovative ideas at Nizhny Novgorod schools: innovative ideas focused on the creation of educational and professional communities; innovative ideas focused on the creation of new types of social organization; and innovative ideas focused on the creation of meta-organizations as positional communities.

Keywords: innovative education, multi-positional educational space, supplementary vocational education, Network Design Institute, typology of innovative ideas, innovative search, innovation, author's school, innovative idea, conceptual idea

Abstract: The object of the present research is the future social workers with socio-functioinal differences, the subject of the research is the definiton of the term 'socio-professional subjectivity'. For the first time in the academic literature the author introduces a scientific term 'socio-professional subjectivity' which has been predetermined by the need to provide for higher education of a special category of social customers, i.e. people with socio-functional differences. The latter is also a new term offered by the author of the article in order to describe a special group of social customers. According to the author, people with socio-functional differences present a high potential for social work with various groups of clients. The definition of 'socio-professional subjectivity' is introduced based on a suppletive method that reflects mutual convergence and confluence of a number of elements, i.e. subjectivity, social subjectivity and professional subjectivity. The main result of the present research is the generalization of conceptual approaches to the definition of socio-professional subjectivity of future social workers with socio-functional differences. The author underlines their binary nature and emphasize the fact that they can be viewed both as the process of professional socialization and important aspect of social work that reflects social policy of the government. 

Keywords: actor, identity crisis, socio-professional subjectivity, professional subjectivity, social subjectivity, subjectivity, socio-functional differences, personal growth, self-development, identity

Abstract: The subject under research is Adam Smith’s views on the development of science and education since the Ancient Times till the Early Modern Period. We usually think of Adam Smith as an economist but in fact he studied moral aspects of economic management paying special attention to the overall improvement of human moral qualities. Following Adam Smith, the author of the present article compares educational and scienti􀏔ic achievements of ancient Greeks and Romans and analyzes educational processes going on in Europe in the Middle Age and Early Modern Period. The author of the present article uses the method of materialistic dialectics and empiric analytical techniques combining induction and deduction. Each approach is used by the author in an appropriate case or relation. The author of the article also describes the process of the development of Adam Smith’s views on science, education, law and philosophy. Adam Smith paid special attention to achievements in the sphere of science and education in Ancient Greece and Rome. He believed Newton’s theory to be the best example of a scienti􀏔ic theory and he also believed it to be a good methodological guideline for other branches of science, for example, moral philosophy Adam Smith was so interested in. By analyzing theories of Adam Smith, Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton, the author of the present research article draws parallels between modern processes of reformation of Russian science and education.

Keywords: science, education, law, utopianism, Caesar, competition, Galileo, Newton, reformation of education, bureaucracy.

Abstract: The meaning of life question was addressed in both, philosophy and fiction a great number of times. Ivanov- Razumnik’s “Meaning of work” which includes the analysis of L. Shestov’s, L. Andreev’s and F. Sologub’s works, provides insight and analysis on the subject from modern natural history and entropy viewpoints. Irregularity of energy implies a connection between the meaning of life, the process of growth and evolution and systemic organization, which is further reinforced by the viewpoints of E. Fromm and F. Nietzsche on incompleteness of human nature. The phenomena of love, friendship, fellowship and partnership define the process of comprehension of higher meaning. Ivanov-Razumnik‘s intuitive and creative approach to explaining the subject is being disputed. The meaning of life does not lie in human nature, or the substance of society, but rather in their interconnectedness, viewing violence and death as an integral part of balancing and strengthening this connection.

Keywords: pedagogy, life, meaning, entropy, violence, freedom, energy, system, element, death

Abstract: Why people make a god of knowledge? Why do they place such emphasis on studying formulas, laws and dates by heart? Wouldn’t we survive without all these discoveries and inventions? Even if I don’t remember that happened near Waterloo? Nothing happens if I forget the prussic acid formula? Would the world be destroyed if I do not write that physical law on the board? What makes us worship and cherish knowledge?

Keywords: pedagogy, philosophy, knowledge, humanitarian, magic, faith, need, reality, rationality.

Abstract: It is typical for a human to wish to change and the improve the world around him as well as himself. Medieval philosopher Tertullianus did not understand why people were so reluctant to be themselves. Why do they always try to change their appearance, for instance? We can answer these questions if we think more about the identity mechanism.

Keywords: philosophy, human, personality, identity, appearance, nature, myth, individuality, character, temperament.

Abstract: This article is an attempt to view Spirituality and its main features from the point of view of subjectivity. The author of the article also views and analyzes a number of values which can be the signs of spirituality.

Keywords: pedagogy, spirituality, feature, spirit, value, personality, entirety, freedom, subjectivity, Berdyaev.

Abstract: Based on his personal impressions and field studies in 15 countries of Tropical Africa (1962-2010) the author analyzes the traditional system of teaching and education of children and teenagers in African villages and tribes. Based on the author, this traditional system of preparing children for independent life is typical for the epoch of Neolithic Revolution.

Keywords: pedagogy, Africa, children and teenagers, traditional pedagogy and psychology, traditional psychotechnics of teaching and education, game, dance, song, folklore, oral folk arts.

Abstract: The article discusses the new approach to teaching religious disciplines. Instead of retelling what was said by the authors of religious teachings the author of the article suggests a cultural, historical and personalized reconstruction of religious works. This approach is illustrated by an analysis of Theophan the Recluse’s work ‘The Spiritual Life and How to Be Attuned to it’.

Keywords: pedagogy, spirituality, esoteric, path, light, discipline, teaching, means, purpose, reconstruction.