Abstract: At present, we are witnessing another wave of expansion of right-wing sentiments in Europe and beyond, which has already influenced the outcomes of most national European elections in recent years and the 2024 European Parliament elections. The right-wing populists from the Brothers of Italy managed to maintain an unequivocal leadership position under objectively challenging circumstances two years after their triumph in the national parliamentary elections, which allowed them to form and lead the country's government. The author suggests that one of the factors behind their success is the skillfully implemented discursive strategies by this political force. The subject of this study is the strategy of constructing and maintaining conflict, which dominates the discourse of the party and its leader, Giorgia Meloni. The main results were obtained through qualitative discourse analysis of materials posted on the party's official social media pages, official speeches, and public interviews. The novelty of the research lies in the selection of current examples of right-wing discourse for critical analysis, and the results can be used in comparative studies of populist discourse and self-presentation strategies of European right-wing forces. In particular, it was found that the Brothers of Italy largely build their identity on conflicts that are consistently maintained in their discourse. The multiplicity of constructed conflicts and the subjects assigned the role of opponents are of fundamental importance. Special attention in the study was given to the politics of memory. For the first time in domestic literature, the structure and functions of the "martyrology" inherited by the Brothers of Italy from the post-fascist Italian Social Movement are described. According to the author, a consciously constructed conflict is also present in this sphere; however, the ultimate goal is not confrontation but the legitimization of the past of right-wing parties.

Keywords: politics of memory, political discourse, conflict, Giorgia Meloni, Brothers of Italy, far-right parties, right-wing populism, Italy, identity, ideology

Abstract: Special attention in this article is paid to the relationship between mythology and the modern idea of mentality. The conceptual foundations of national identity in the framework of the constructivist theory of international relations correlate with historical retrospect. The experience of assessing cultural characteristics suggests a close connection of the modern manifestation of identity with folklore, customs, histories and traditions of a certain society. The national identity of the people inhabiting the Kingdoms of Norway, Sweden and Denmark from the point of view of the soft power of states often refers to Scandinavian mythology. The role of the mythological perception of national identity helps to correctly interpret the peculiarities of the Northern mentality, contribute to building a cultural dialogue in the modern world. The main conclusion of the article is that the hermeneutical approach to the analysis of documents of Scandinavian mythology helps to understand the current trends in the development of Northern societies. The national question in the framework of constructivist theory is based on identity, which is closely related to historical retrospect, understanding the basics of which allows you to build a modern dialogue. The novelty of this study lies in the assessment of mythological cognition from the point of view of its role in the formation of the national identity of the Northern peoples. According to the constructivist theory of international relations, he argues that the modern world is built at the expense of invisible constructs, a detailed analysis of which helps to find a balance in the system of international relations.

Keywords: constructivism, experience, tradition, culture, mentality, Scandinavia, mythology, history, identity, north

Abstract: The article examines the technologies used to reformat public consciousness by the means of linguistic and religious discrimination in Ukraine. In modern Ukraine, Russian language is being pushed out from communication, education, science, culture and governance, as well as religious life of Ukrainian people. This is the example of modern technologies, successfully employed in Ukraine and used by political groups currently in power in Ukraine to to achieve their political goals. The methodological basis of this article includes systemic, structural-functional, comparative-political approaches, the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, observation. The author assumes that native language is an indicator of the spiritual life of an individual as well as the people as a whole, being the most important ideological value. The author stresses that language is an important medium for the perception of surrounding reality, a reflection of self-consciousness and, as a result, the forming of opinions regarding political processes and phenomena, political course of the state as it is realized in domestic and foreign policy.

Keywords: state, geopolitics, Russia, world politics, U.S. foreign policy, coup d’état, , diplomacy, interests, security, color revolutions