Reference:
Kirnarskaya D.K., Sizova E.R., Taskaeva A.V..
Personalities of professional heroes in the musical pedagogy of the South Urals
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 10.
P. 53-67.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.10.72054 EDN: VZOMIV URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72054
Abstract:
The article continues a series of studies by the authors devoted to the consideration of the activities of famous musicians-teachers of the South Urals in the heroic paradigm – as outstanding masters who have achieved impressive results in pedagogical work, have received wide public recognition, are perceived by the professional community as a model of service to their cause and an axiological guideline for the younger generation. The purpose of this work is to present the activities of famous musical teachers of the Southern Urals in an integrative context. In this article, the personalities of outstanding teachers of the P.I. Tchaikovsky South Ural State Institute of Arts (hereinafter referred to as the Tchaikovsky Law School) - E.G. Bykov (balalaika), V.V. Kozlov (guitar), A.A. Heineman (French horn, orchestral conducting) are chosen for study. The methodology consists in using an integrated approach and synthesis of research methods in pedagogy, art history, and cognitive linguistics. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that the heroization of the personality of the teachers-musicians of the Tchaikovsky YUrGII is revealed integratively: in the didactic aspect (creation of their own outstanding pedagogical school), culturological (enrichment of cultural achievements of the region through fruitful and highly productive creative work of professional heroes), communicative (establishment of stable artistic communication with the public through creative activity of students), axiological (formation of reference principles and methods of work of a professional teacher, acting as axiological guidelines for the younger generation of musicians). The theoretical significance is expressed in a systematic and consistent study of the pedagogical heritage of outstanding masters of art of the South Urals, which allows us to enrich the history of the development of the Tchaikovsky School as one of the leading creative universities in the region. As a result of the research, the hypothesis is proved that the activities of outstanding musical teachers should be considered as a phenomenon of the spiritual culture of society in the unity of transformative, cognitive, value-oriented, communicative potential, and only integrative perception allows us to identify aspects of the glorification of personality most fully and in relief.
Keywords:
heroic linguistics, art history, integrative context, creativity, teacher, heroic paradigm, music pedagogy, professional hero, musical and pedagogical activity, personal-creative paradigm
Reference:
Usov A.A..
Sacred landscape of rural historical settlements of the Russian North and the Arctic
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 10.
P. 15-30.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.10.72040 EDN: VVMHEP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72040
Abstract:
The article presents the results of a research monuments of religious wooden architecture. They are considered as the main component of the settlements sacred landscape in the Russian North and the Arctic. The case study uses materials from the village of Kimzha, Mezensky District, Arkhangelsk Region. However, the author also addresses religious buildings in the territory of Oneghskoye and Terskoye Pomorye. The object of research is the sacred landscape of rural historical settlements in the Russian North. The research aim is to analyze the sacred landscapes of settlements at the present stage of their existence (late 20th–early 21st centuries). The case study uses new materials from a field survey of the representative village of Kimzha. Materials of the Pomor and Tersky coasts research are also used. The research is based on the application of the methodology of Dr. of Cultural Studies A.B. Permilovskaya on architectural and ethnographic survey of wooden architecture objects, on historical settlements as objects of cultural heritage. Scientific novelty consists in specifying the range of surviving monuments of religious architecture, their significance in the process sacred landscapes formation not only in historical retrospect, but also at the current moment in time. It is concluded that the wooden church, chapel, cross in rural historical settlements of the North are preserved and recreated within the framework of the existing canon, due to which the continuity of both carpentry and religious traditions is ensured. They also acquire the function of preserving collective memory, a tool for transmitting the cultural experience of the people; they acquire special significance as visual and historical-cultural dominants in the cultural and sacred landscape of settlements, contributing to the development of local tourism industries.
Keywords:
Orthodoxy, Pomors, cross, church, wooden architecture, cult architecture, traditional culture, sacred landscape, Russian North, Arctic
Reference:
Sleptsova T.V..
Ideas of physical education of the younger generation in works of classic writers of Russian literature of the XIX - early XX centuries
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 10.
P. 1-14.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.10.71904 EDN: MQGTLI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71904
Abstract:
The upbringing of the younger generation as one of the urgent socio-cultural problems of mankind described in the works of thinkers of Antiquity, the Renaissance and Enlightenment by foreign and domestic authors of the 19th-20th centuries. In the paradigm of the upbringing of the younger generation the emphasis is on a comprehensively developed personality that embodies the unity of the spiritual, intellectual and physical principles. The subject of research is the ideas of physical education of the younger generation, reflected in the storylines of the works of art of the Russian literature classics. The purpose of the study is to actualize the ideas of physical education reflected in the works of Russian classics of the 19th – early 20th centuries, in the context of the problem of harmonious personal development. The used methodology of the interdisciplinary approach determines the inclusion in the study of an analysis of examples from the works of L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov, I. A. Bunin, A. I. Kuprin, G. I. Uspensky, V. V. Nabokov, etc. illustrating the reflection of the phenomenon of physical culture and sports in Russian literature. The author concludes that the texts of works of art reflect an understanding of the positive impact of physical education and sports on the comprehensive harmonious development of the individual, and therefore the experience of the past can be considered as positive. In educational institutions of prerevolutionary Russia, as well as in noble families, the issues of physical education and the development of the younger generation were of great importance in the formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle, active leisure, and health promotion.
Keywords:
fiction, ideas, Russian literature, comprehensively developed personality, younger generation, physical culture, sports, physical education, culture, writers
Reference:
Sazonova V.A..
The role of state policy in the safeguarding and reproduction of the intangible cultural heritage of Russia
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 6.
P. 13-27.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.6.70875 EDN: IIYRFG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70875
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the value-semantic roles and instrumental functions that were assigned to the intangible cultural heritage in Russia's conceptual and strategic documents affecting its preservation and use. The purpose of the work is to determine the current value-semantic and functional position of the intangible heritage in the structure of public administration in Russia, as well as to assess possible prospects for further development of this institution. The implementation of the Russian state approach to the preservation, actualization, popularization and use of intangible cultural heritage is interdisciplinary and interdepartmental. Therefore, in order to assess it more systematically and identify promising areas of development, it is necessary to expand the range of practical research to analyze the entire range of provisions of Russian state policy affecting these issues. The cultural approach seems to be the most heuristic way to achieve this goal. The research uses the method of content analysis, comparative and cultural-historical methods. The author identifies the importance and scope of the intangible cultural heritage at each stage of its institutionalization in Russia, proposes a periodization of the historical dynamics of this process, and substantiates the need to form a Russian national approach to the preservation and use of intangible heritage in comparison with the UNESCO discourse. The author concludes that the progressive institutionalization of the intangible heritage of Russian culture in domestic state policy has allowed us to take into account the creative aspects of scientific, professional and socio-political discourse, as well as harmoniously integrate this institution into a multi-level model of socio-cultural policy. Special attention is paid to the promising tasks of the Russian state policy in the field of intangible heritage in the context of the development of the existing system of its protection.
Keywords:
ethno-cultural heritage, cultural values, regulatory framework, strategic planning documents, cultural memory, heritage safeguarding, russian national security, russian national policy, intangible cultural heritage, russian cultural policy
Reference:
Titova E.A..
Innovative solutions in easel painting through the prism of the activities of artists of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov.
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 5.
P. 36-54.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.5.70556 EDN: RRECJY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70556
Abstract:
The subject of the study is a set of innovative solutions for easel painting by artists of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan from 1977 to 2008. Easel painting by artists-trainees of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts in Kazan was chosen as the object of research. The review of the activities of the Russian Academy of Arts in the XX-XXI centuries is given, from the point of view of supporting the Russian traditions of easel painting in Russia and abroad. The characteristic of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan as an object of research in the context of painting of the Republic of Tatarstan and Russia is given. The methodology of the analysis includes the following concepts: genre, plot, composition, color, format, and their implementation in the works of trainee artists. Comparative methods of compositional and coloristic analysis are applied, compositional solutions are considered as innovations in the composition of easel painting of a subject-themed painting. The research materials confirm the high results of the creative work of the trainee artists in creating new compositional and coloristic solutions in easel painting in the laboratory of the Creative Workshop using a combination of innovations. Сonclusions are formulated about the need to popularize the work of artists-trainees of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan. Russian realism traditions have been preserved, and the easel painting of the trainee artists is based on the artistic experience of Russian realistic art, using a combination of innovations in author's solutions.
Keywords:
Russian academy of arts, Creative painting workshop, innovations, format, coloring, genre, composition, thematic easel painting, realism, easel painting
Reference:
Al'-Tamimi S.M., Pankina M.V..
Ornament in the architecture of mosques in Jordan: traditions and innovations
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 4.
P. 74-88.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.4.69044 EDN: VIURFK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69044
Abstract:
The object of the study is ornaments in the architecture of ancient and modern mosques. Using the example of mosques in Amman (Jordan), traditional ornaments are considered from the point of view of their purpose, content and symbolism, location and plastic organization. The compositional techniques, stylization methods, images used in ornaments are analyzed. In the modern architecture of mosques, continuity in approaches to decoration is combined with the active use of modern technologies in the construction and interpretation of ornaments, their embodiment in the material. Since there are strong changes in the space-planning solutions of mosques in connection with modern functional tasks, it is ornaments that are the most important means of identifying religious buildings. New interpretations of the visual language and the purpose of the decoration of mosques are due to the processes of globalization and the use of computer technologies for the design of structures. The authors conclude that it is necessary to follow the canons of Islamic ornamental motifs when using them in modern architecture, especially in religious buildings. By offering engineering and artistic innovations, architects must preserve the structure, plasticity and symbolism of ornaments in which the philosophy of Islam accumulates.
Keywords:
symbolism, islimi, girih, geometric ornament, Islamic ornament, mosques of Amman, architecture of mosques, Islamic architecture, symbolism of ornament, traditions
Reference:
Adankina A.V..
Attribution Issues of the Showpiece of the State Museum of the East. On the Example of the "Head with a three-legged toad"
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 3.
P. 117-125.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.3.70063 EDN: WDSZIA URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70063
Abstract:
The object of this research is the activity of the museum in the field of storage, study and attribution of monuments of material culture. The subject of the work is an showpiece of the permanent collection of the Art of China section of the State Museum of Oriental Art, designated as "A Head with a three-legged toad". The purpose of this article is to consider the problems of attribution of this museum object and propose ways to solve them for subsequent re-attribution based on new information obtained during the study. The author examines the connection of the "Head ..." with mass culture, analyzes the data of the State Museum of the East on the alleged real prototypes of sculpture, as well as the legitimacy of the assumptions put forward. Special attention is paid to the importance of the museum's constant study of primary sources – stored objects, updating information about them through new research and technologies. The work on the research was carried out within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach, using such methods as historical-typological, historical-genetic, comparative analysis, as well as the method of interpreting a work of art. In the course of the analysis, the author provides information on the basis of which the correctness of the statements in the official information channels of the State Museum of the East regarding the showpiece "Head with a three-legged toad" is questioned. The dating of the object to the Han period is questioned, since the life years of the personalities indicated as possible prototypes of the "Head..." – Hou-xian, Liu Har and Guo Xiang – belong to a later time. It is noted that the intended purpose of the "Head ..." – the replacement of the real one in the burial of a decapitated person – turns out to be a rather late practice and does not correlate with the dating of the creation of the showpiece. A hypothesis is put forward about the possible non-Chinese origin of the tradition of this type of images. The collected data can become the basis for the re-attribution of the showpiece, a more thorough study of it and filling in the "white spots" in its biography. The identification of a more accurate and definite dating and the region of origin of this museum object will positively affect the comprehensive knowledge about it, expand information about the funerary culture and mythological tradition of China.
Keywords:
taoism, Guo Xiang, Liu Har, Hou-xian, China, head with toad, showpiece, attribution, The State Museum of Oriental Art, burials
Reference:
Wang W..
Youth "Hanfu culture" in the context of the subcultural perspective of the development of Chinese street fashion
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 3.
P. 28-39.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.3.70086 EDN: JBKUQI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70086
Abstract:
The development of the Hanfu Culture youth movement in China has been going on for more than ten years. The purpose of this study is to clarify the importance of the historical influence of ancient fashion on modern Hanfu costume and its perception by the youth of the country. The object of the study is social relations. An empirical survey using the example of young residents of Chengdu showed that fans of the "Hanfu culture" make up the absolute majority, and these are mainly women of a wide age range and Han youth with a higher cultural level with a good education. The author proves that the main goals of the Hanfu youth movement are: inheritance, dissemination and popularization of Hanfu culture; development and innovation of Hanfu culture. Based on the conducted surveys and tests, the author concludes that the rise of the youth "Hanfu culture" is mainly due to the following reasons: the awakening of national identity, inspired by the ongoing development of globalization; the increase in national consciousness caused by the emphasis on historical consciousness in domestic policy towards ethnic minorities. The following methods and methodology were used in the research process: Analysis of historical sources: historical documents, images, artifacts and literature; Questionnaires: among various population groups; Personal survey; Comparative analysis. The methodology included a comprehensive approach to the study of the historical context and its impact on modern fashion. The presented article explores the historical influence of ancient fashion on modern street fashion, taking into account questionnaires, personal survey and analysis of historical time periods and forms of Chinese Hanfu costume. The main conclusions of the study are to identify the significant influence of ancient fashion on modern street fashion trends, as well as to understand the importance of preserving historical heritage in modern fashion. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is an integrated approach to the analysis of historical data and opinions of various groups of society, which allowed us to get a more complete picture of the influence of ancient fashion on modern culture. The novelty of the research lies in the use of a combination of questionnaire methods, personal survey and analysis of historical forms to study this topic, which allowed us to obtain unique results and a deep understanding of the evolution of fashion.
Keywords:
questionnaire, research, innovation, Chengdu, historical costume, youth subculture, Hanfu movement, Hanfu Culture, dynasty, clothing
Reference:
Erokhina E.G..
Traditional Buryat cuisine as a component of the ethnocultural identity of the Buryat population of the Trans-Baikal Territory
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 2.
P. 55-66.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.2.69657 EDN: VDWHTL URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69657
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Abstract:
The subject of this article is the traditional cuisine of the Buryat people, the object is the ethnocultural identity of the Buryat population of the Trans–Baikal Territory. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as ethnocultural markers of the ethnos, traditions and cooking technologies, observance of the ancestral features of the national cuisine, recipes existing in the territory of the region and its individual parts. The author partially presents the developed theoretical materials concerning the issues of Buryat cuisine and thematic interviewing materials collected as part of expedition trips to the territory of the Aginsky district of the Aginsky Buryat district of the Trans-Baikal Territory, including the technology and recipe for cooking traditional Buryat dishes. The author lists the forms of events (festivals and holidays) that exist in the region, popularizing the traditional cuisine and culture of the Buryat population of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The main method of research was the analysis of thematic literature and materials, interviewing speakers of traditional culture within the framework of expedition trips. As the main conclusions, the author cites expediency, rationality, geographical and climatic features, conditions and place of residence of ethnic communities as main factors of shaping the local cuisine. And today, thanks to scientific and technological progress, ethnic identity, including in traditional cuisine, is gradually decreasing or disappearing completely. Therefore, the issue of fixing and transferring ethnic culture, including traditions, customs, etc., to future generations in order to preserve their ethno-cultural identity, is acute. Many people do not realize how important and existential this can be for some people who live and think through the prism of their ethnicity.
Keywords:
holiday, Transbaikalia, Buryats, recipe, popularization, conservation, festival, ethnic and cultural identity, traditional cuisine, ethnic group
Reference:
Mironova A.V..
Vocal and arranging solutions for broadcasting Kuban Cossack folk songs: methodology and practice
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 2.
P. 13-24.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.2.69800 EDN: EXIXHP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69800
Abstract:
The object of the research is performance as a theoretical and methodological basis for the preservation of folk songs in the modern world. The subject of this work is a variety of tools for translating sources through the use of interpretation through vocal arrangements. The purpose of this study is to find performance techniques for comprehending the folklore of the Kuban Cossack song, illustrative popularization of the real listener through a new reading of the original source. In identifying the substantial foundations of song performance, special attention is focused on the music collections of folklorists V. G. Zakharchenko (born 1938), A. D. Bigdai (1855-1909), G. M. Kontsevich (1863-1937), who made a significant contribution to the foundations of the Kuban Cossack folk singing art. Along with this, the analysis of a wide range of vocal arrangements in the practice of professional and amateur vocalists provides a postulation about the ambiguity of interpolation in the formation of an original reading of folklore documents. The theoretical justification of this study is based on the tactics of analyzing endemic folklore singing concepts in the context of the art history dynamics of modern research. The methodological core of the work identifies the elements of preserving traditional performance through the vocally processed embodiment of Kuban Cossack folk songs. The author's direction has been developed in the complex of the constituent elements of the arranging performance, based on the personality of the vocalist, containing an individual interpretation of the performing plurality. The performing techniques of folklore Cossack sources has been formed. Exceptional accents are identified in the analysis of musical folklore sources (selectively) to establish new technical characteristics of performance. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the genesis of Cossack culture for the author's constructive orientation of ways to preserve and transform musical material to a modern listener. The characteristics of the song material according to the genre-performing component, expressed by the system of mechanisms of performance by vocal-performing solutions, are revealed. The derived orientation of the translation mechanisms opens up new facets of the performance of Kuban Cossack folk songs for the preservation of traditions with multifaceted options for the transformation of folklore documents for subsequent generations.
Keywords:
traditions, vocal heritage, transformation methods, broadcast, Singer, Cossack, source transformation, performing arts, Song, Folk
Reference:
Korneeva A.A..
Network of literary museums in Moscow: formation and present condition in the context of the historical and cultural process
// Culture and Art.
2024. № 1.
P. 53-67.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2024.1.69565 EDN: CKUVCI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69565
Abstract:
The network of literary museums in Moscow is the largest in the country. The article examines the history of the formation and present condition of the network of literary museums in the capital in the context of the historical and cultural process. The chronological framework covers the period from the 19th century until now. This is due to the moment of the appearance in Moscow of the first proto-museum forms of literary museums, the first museums of this profile, as well as the formation and development of their network. Significant historical and cultural prerequisites for the emergence of museums of this profile are identified. The main periods in the history of the formation and development of the network of literary museums are considered in the context of the periodization of the history of museum affairs and the historical process in the country. Museums that also have characteristics of another profile, such as historical and literary, literary and artistic, and literary and local history, are also considered. The total number of literary museums in Moscow has been identified, including state, municipal, departmental, public, private and school. Museum-type institutions representing and popularizing literary heritage are shown. Museums of other profiles (music, art, local history and others) are indicated, the funds and exhibitions of which contain literary monuments and collections of rare books. A special place is occupied by book museums, which are not literary museums, but are close to them in that their collections also contain monuments of literature (including fiction). The total number of literary museums in the capital and their percentage in the museum network have been calculated.
Keywords:
museum statistics, Moscow, museums of books, museum-type institutions, private literary museums, school literary museums, literary museums, proto-museum forms, museum network, network of literary museums
Reference:
Zhukova E.M..
The Russian tradition of religious tolerance perception in the works of Russian thinkers of the XIX-XX centuries and modern realities
// Culture and Art.
2023. № 7.
P. 33-56.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2023.7.43513 EDN: TGRYNM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43513
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the ethical principle of religious tolerance. The aim was to study the Russian tradition of perception of the principle of religious tolerance and to build a theoretical model of religious tolerance, reflecting both historical experience and ideas. The work uses ethical, culturological and logical-methodological approaches. The first two allow us to consider religious tolerance as an ethical principle and as one of the important components of a person's spiritual life. The latter contributes to the disclosure of the principle of religious tolerance in its entirety. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that an ethical and cultural approach to the study of the principle of religious tolerance is proposed; the Russian tradition of perception of religious tolerance is revealed, a theoretical model of religious tolerance is built; a logical and methodological analysis of religious tolerance as an ethical principle is carried out, which allowed to reveal its structure and interrelated elements; the dynamics of the appeal of domestic authors to the topic of religious tolerance is demonstrated on the materials of the National Corpus of Russian language. The results of the study coincide with the scientific novelty. The relevance of the study is due to the possibility of its use in the development of the national idea of Russia. The practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the results in the field of education and socio-humanities, in legislative, as well as internal and foreign policy activities of Russia.
Keywords:
Russian philosophers, the essence of religious tolerance, the main elements of religious tolerance, religions, humanism, the model of religious tolerance, ethical and cultural approach, Corpus of the Russian language, Russian tradition, the principle of religious tolerance
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
Comments on S.G.Semenova's introductory article "Russian Cosmism" (changing the optics of comprehension)
// Culture and Art.
2023. № 7.
P. 57-69.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2023.7.43621 EDN: THPDSG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43621
Abstract:
The article discusses two main topics: Russian cosmism and the attitude towards it of Svetlana Semenova, who wrote the introductory article to the book "Russian Cosmism". Interesting considerations are given regarding the Russian cosmism of the philosopher A.P. Ogurtsov. The author problematizes the statements of Semenova, who distances herself from the views of cosmists and shares these views. He sees a similar ambivalent attitude in the polemic of I. Kant with the great scientist and esotericist of the XVIII century Emanuel Swedenborg. An analysis of the esoteric Christian teaching and the personality of the latter shows that Swedenborg simultaneously accepted two realities of spirit and nature, removing contradictions, bringing them into line with each other; at the same time, his psyche changed under the influence of work confirming the new picture of the world he had built. The author suggests that, like Swedenborg, cosmists and Semenova built a reality in which their dreams, intentions and actions received a place and meaning. He believes that in order to properly understand this type of creativity, a turn is needed to the problems and aspirations of the individual, to the built reality in which these problems are resolved (albeit in virtual terms for now), to the historical tradition of thinking. In his opinion, cosmists, Semenova and some modern ideologists like A. Dugin or Yu. Gromyko continue to move in line with the Russian tradition, outlined by Chaadaev, Dostoevsky and Russian religious philosophers. Another tradition characteristic of the creativity of these thinkers is esoteric, which allows you to create realities, omitting the problems of realization, following one ‒ constructing the world for your own personality.
Keywords:
spirit, nature, tradition, realization, mind, reality, esotericism, utopia, cosmism, conscience
Reference:
Bairamova V.F., Isaev S.S., Samokhina E.B..
On the Restoration of the Northern Stalls of the Ostankino Estate Amusement Park
// Culture and Art.
2023. № 4.
P. 1-9.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2023.4.40106 EDN: KVCOCS URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40106
Abstract:
The authors discusses the issues that arose when making adjustments to the project documentation with the performance of the function of a technical customer for carrying out repair and restoration work with an adaptation for modern use of windows of federal significance "Ostankino Manor, the end of the XVIII century". The possible ways of solving the problems of creating an image of the garden of its heyday - the end of the XVIII century - the first quarter of the XIX century are presented and analyzed. The arguments justifying design decisions when choosing planting material are demonstrated. The authors focus their attention on this aspect, as one of the numerous markers of the representation of local historical phenomena - in this case, the development of a certain park object. The scientific novelty of the work is connected with the identification of all factors and combinations of planning elements of the estate, which determined the achievement of that aesthetic expressiveness, which determines the status of the object as a cultural heritage and national treasure. We believe that when carrying out new restoration work, it is necessary to raise the question of restoring "flower beds" in historical outlines. In modern conditions, when the scale of the Ostankino park has changed, its functional purpose has changed, it would be wrong to suggest restoring "flowerbeds", while using tree and shrub vegetation. Six "klomps" are formed in accordance with and on the basis of these iconographic materials. The proposed floral assortment is similar to the solutions of the front yard – herbaceous peony (Latin Paeónia), hosta (Latin Hósta), lily (Latin Lílium) and spring flowering ephemeroids.
Keywords:
ensemble, manor, pantheon of arts, planting material, method of analogies, parterre, theater, restoration, plans, monument
Reference:
Shashneva E.N., Mihailov A.A., Val'kevich S.I., Maslov V.G..
K.D. Balmont and the Culture of Islam
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 12.
P. 1-10.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.12.39408 EDN: ZBKIJW URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39408
Abstract:
The purpose of our research is the work of the great symbolist poet of the Silver Age K.D. Balmont through the prism of the culture of Islam. The topic of the culture of Islam in the poet's work has been little studied, which is the relevance of this study. Islam is a traditional religion and the cultural and spiritual life of a Muslim is inextricably linked with Islam. All literature, architecture, science, philosophy of Muslims is based on the teachings of Islam and its holy book the Koran. K.D. Balmont became interested in Arabic and translations of the Koran, melodic Arabic script. Subsequently, his essays, poems and travel notes will be filled with religious and cultural images. The methodology of the work is based on synchronic, structural and functional, biographical, historical and cultural methods. The novelty of the article lies in a new look at the work of K.D. Balmont within the framework of the culture of Islam. In the course of our work, we examined Balmont's religious poems of 12 suras: "I swear", "Merciful", "Great News", "Blow", "Oh, Prophet", "Rich People", "Trumpet sound", "Then", "Smoke", "Al-Hotama", "Event", "Don't forget." There were also many translations from Arabic, travel notes, essays, and the epistolary legacy of Balmont. The poet traveled a lot and visited Muslim countries, made translations from Arabic, wrote essays and travel notes about the culture of Islam. As a result, the main conclusions of the study were formulated, the culture of Islam was shown, the religious poems of K.D. Balmont were studied, and further prospects for studying this problem were outlined.
Keywords:
tajvida, Masjid al-Haram, mosque, the holy city of Mecca, Muhammad, Koran, symbolist poet, Balmont's epistolary legacy, culture of Islam, Balmont
Reference:
Popova A., Fomenko E..
The Place of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the State Policy of China
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 11.
P. 42-53.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.11.38835 EDN: SDTTRC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38835
Abstract:
The object of this research is the intangible cultural heritage of the People's Republic of China (NPC), the subject is the state policy in the field of protection of monuments of intangible cultural heritage. The article analyzes the approach of the Government of the People's Republic of China to the definition of the essence of the national intangible cultural heritage on the materials of legal documents, considers the classification developed in accordance with national, historical, cultural characteristics for the typologization of intangible cultural heritage objects. To improve the protection of intangible cultural heritage, the State Council of the People's Republic of China provides for a four-level hierarchy of monuments of the National Heritage: national, provincial, city and county, which contributes to more thorough and effective work with them. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of concepts that allowed China to fully integrate the protection of intangible cultural heritage into the modern political course of the state. The novelty and relevance lies in the study of the fundamental principles that guide the State Council of the People's Republic of China in its work on the study of intangible cultural heritage objects, the creation of their nomenclature base, the promotion of digital transformation in meeting the needs of the public in understanding the importance and uniqueness of cultural heritage. An important contribution is the analysis of approaches to ensuring the transfer of spiritual culture, the creation of favorable conditions for the support of "representative heirs" of China's spiritual culture. The main conclusion of the study is that as a result of the measures taken in China, progress has been made not only in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, but also in strengthening cultural awareness, spreading knowledge about the objects of the ICH, the development of traditional crafts, the study and popularization of traditional spiritual culture.
Keywords:
representative heir, protection of the Cultural Heritage, UNESCO, cultural heritage, cultural objects, state cultural policy, cultural values, classification, non-material cultural heritage, China
Reference:
Permilovskaya A.B., Gerasimova A.I., Usov A.A..
Kurnaya Hut: Architectural and Design Features and Interior (on the Example of Tretyakov's House-yard, village Gar, Kargopolsky district)
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 9.
P. 41-57.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38783 EDN: PBNBMN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38783
Abstract:
The Russian North is part of its territory, where monuments of wooden architecture are preserved to this day. One of the districts of the North is Kargopolye, whose architectural traditions date back to the high carpentry culture of Ancient Novgorod. Local buildings are an example of traditional wooden construction, a treasure trove of knowledge about the customs, culture and history of the Russian people. In the wooden monuments of Kargopolya, not only the accumulated experience of Russian masters is visible, but also the very spirit of the splendor of northern wooden architecture. The subject of the study is the architectural and structural features and the traditional interior of the Tretyakov house–yard (currently part of the exposition of the Museum of Wooden Architecture "Small Korely") as an example of a peasant Kurnaya hut in Kargopol. The article is based on the materials of expeditionary research by A. B. Permilovskaya (1984, 2006) – settlements and monuments of folk architecture of the Kargopolsky district of the Arkhangelsk region with the implementation of photofixation and schematic measurements; analysis of archival documents, interviews with residents of the Kargopolsky district. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the introduction into scientific circulation of new archival sources and field materials on the traditional culture of the Russian North. As a result, an analysis of the architectural and design features of chicken huts was carried out, the value of the furnace "in black" for Kargopol was revealed. M. A. Tretyakov's house-complex is of interest, because it contains a kind of "architectural code" for understanding the features of the construction of Kurnaya huts. The results of the study show that M. A. Tretyakov's house-yard is a monument of wooden architecture that has preserved the original design solutions, the layout of the premises. The Kurnaya hut has preserved the archaic device of the furnace "in black", the household items associated with it, as well as the original interior. Thanks to this, the modern exposition of the house reflects the real life of the Kargopol mid XIX century peasant life.
Keywords:
peasant house with a chimneyless stove, house-yard, interior, cultural heritage, cultural landscape, folk architecture, Russian North, Kargopolye, wooden architecture, architectural monument
Reference:
Kopunova K.S..
Continuity of the choreographic tradition of the Mariinsky Theatre and the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 8.
P. 46-59.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.8.38089 EDN: ZHMOWF URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38089
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Abstract:
This article is devoted to continuity in choreographic education. The novelty of the research is due to the fact that an attempt has been made to show the continuity of the choreographic tradition of the Mariinsky Theater and the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet in a comparative aspect. The author also examines the term "continuity" in an educational perspective, explaining the importance of this aspect in the formation of the personality of a ballet dancer. The historical moments concerning the preservation of pedagogical traditions, as well as modern issues of an educational nature are considered. The author focuses on the connection between the learning process and stage practice on the example of choreography by M. I. Petipa. The importance of this research is expressed in the uniqueness of this choreographic direction in a comparative aspect and the emergence of a new paradigm, which includes the development of new mechanisms to ensure the educational process. This article is devoted to continuity in choreographic education. The novelty of the research is due to the fact that an attempt has been made to show the continuity of the choreographic tradition of the Mariinsky Theater and the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet in a comparative aspect. The author also considers the term "continuity" in an educational perspective, with an explanation of the importance of this aspect in the formation of the personality of a ballet dancer. The historical moments concerning the preservation of pedagogical traditions, as well as modern issues of an educational nature are considered. The author focuses on the connection between the learning process and stage practice on the example of choreography by M. I. Petipa. The importance of this research is expressed in the uniqueness of this choreographic direction in a comparative aspect and the emergence of a new paradigm, which includes the development of new mechanisms to ensure the educational process.
Keywords:
choreography, ballet, the process of learning choreography, Mariinsky Theatre, theatre, tradition, M And Petipa, classical dance, continuity of traditions, Vaganova Ballet
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
"Eugene Onegin": three ways of reading and understanding ‒ from science, personality psychology, philosophy of art
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 6.
P. 34-46.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.6.38308 EDN: DRPEVY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38308
Abstract:
The article analyzes Pushkin's poem "Eugene Onegin" and two opposite interpretations of it, by Alexander Minkin and critic Vladimir Kozarovetsky. The author partially agrees with the interpretation of the poem proposed by Minkin, objects to Kozarovetsky, but mainly interprets "Eugene Onegin" on the basis of his concept of art and the methodology proposed by him for analyzing works of art. The views on the poem of Minkin and Kozarovetsky are compared: the first believes that the poem describes the moral evolution of the personality of Alexander Sergeevich, and the second that we have a brilliant hoax started by Pushkin to shock readers. The author offers his own reading of Pushkin's poem, in which much is based on the analysis of artistic reality. He shows that the narration in "Eugene Onegin" is conducted from four persons (Pushkin himself, Onegin, Tatiana and the rest of the characters), and the narrators convey their ideas and contents to each other. Although formally Onegin says very little, Pushkin speaks for him a lot and intelligently; although Pushkin is not Onegin, but Onegin's fate threatens Pushkin as well. The narrator in the poem "Eugene Onegin" resembles Proteus: sometimes he speaks for himself, following his character and nature, then on behalf of other narrators, hiding behind their looks and speeches. The reader needs to understand this poetic masquerade: to separate the author from the heroes, to understand where the author is, and where he is the hero and narrator, where the heroes speak for themselves, and where on behalf of Pushkin? Having built such an artistic reality, forcing the reader to work, solving the author's constructions, reflecting on his life, Pushkin acted as a real innovator of art.
Keywords:
controversy, composition, reconstruction, understanding, artistic reality, narrator, reader, hero, author, content
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
Art in the light of conscience and responsibility to life, as well as in the mirror of own nature (a virtual dialogue)
// Culture and Art.
2022. № 1.
P. 31-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2022.1.37259 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37259
Abstract:
This article discusses the comprehension of art and its attitude towards ordinary life in form of a virtual dialogue between Mikhail Bakhtin, Marina Tsvetaeva and the contemporary Israeli writer Meir Shalev. Pursuant of M. Bakhtin, who believes that humanistic approach gives preference to the subject of aesthetic relations, the author suggests his interpretation of the nature of art. The author qualifies the position of M. Bakhtin as "artistic Platonism" ‒ art should dictate and inspire life; art is the true life, according to Plato, imitates the objects and events of ordinary life. The position of M. Tsvetaeva suggest “art for the sake of art”. The position of M. Shalev on the one hand – as an independent reality, on the other – comprehension and perception of the problems the artis and the audience are concerned with in artistic form. The author highlights the four main types of art: "authentic" oriented towards culture and man, "postmodern" deconstructing the reality of life and art, "traditional" focused on different attitudes (imitation, expression, representation of the sublime and beautiful, building a different life, etc.). and "applied". Based on interpretation of the attitude of art towards life, the following dilemma is formulated. On the one hand, the artist creates in the space of freedom, and thus would not take on responsibility for life (the position of M. Bakhtin); on the other hand, since art affects people and ordinary life, the artist is mindful of possible responsibility. The author believes that all artists solve this dilemma in their own unique way, which makes it virtually impossible to formulate recipes and rules.
Keywords:
work, reality, deconstruction, concept, understanding, viewer, artist, art, form, language
Reference:
Moiseenko V.S..
Artistic image of a modern Japanese woman in the anime film “Paprika” directed by Satoshi Kon
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 11.
P. 46-57.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.11.34376 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34376
Abstract:
Cross-cultural communications prompted the international popularity of the Japanese original genre of anime. It has become the translator of not only the Japanese mentality and traditional values to the West, but also demonstrates the changes taking place in Japan. The analysis of artistic image of the anime heroine Atsuko Chiba (Paprika) is the goal of this research. Noticeable changes in the status of women in Japanese society are observed only since the middle of the XX century, which immediately found reflection in Japanese cinematography. The use of empirical and comparative methods allow establishing that the changes taking place in Japanese traditional society changes retain the national peculiarities. The anime film “Paprika” directed by Satoshi Kon, which is based on the eponymous novel by Yasutaka Tsutsui, reflects the transformation of the role of women in modern society. The novelty of this work lies the fact that this article analyzes the virtually unstudied topic of the artistic imagery in anime and the structure of modern female image therein. The images of Atsuko Chiba and Paprika, translated from the novel to anime, indicate the changes that took place in the Japanese society in the late XX – early XXI century, and namely the female image that gives a better perspective and sense of such changes. Despite the Western influence upon the traditional Japanese society and transition of the country into the new level of development, did not hinder the preservation of national peculiarities that are based on the century-old traditions and Japanese mentality.
Keywords:
gender roles, female image, anime, animation, Japanese cinema, Japanese culture, Japan, Yasutaka Tsutsui, Satoshi Kon, Paprika
Reference:
Pervushina E.V..
French quadrille “on Russian themes”
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 11.
P. 58-68.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.11.34939 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34939
Abstract:
This article examines the historical factors of the emergence and existence of French Quadrille to Russian dance melodies. The author traces the strict rules in performing French quadrille in high society, their gradual changes since it initial emergence in Russia until 1917. Analysis is conducted on the proliferation of French quadrille to the masses, its further development, and theatrical treatment of national quadrille after the revolution. Special attention given to the fact of the appearance of fashion for Russian costumes, dances and songs in the late XIX – early XX centuries at the balls. The author compares the patterns of French quadrille and country-dance with the patterns of folk quadrille. The examples of the published collections of Russian dances and French quadrilles “on Russian themes” are provided. The article traces and indicates the fact of the impact of French quadrille upon the emergence and formation of the entire genre of Russian mass dance, which remains to this day. The article also discusses the emergence of dance chastuska, its interaction with the folk quadrille, and the reason of its popularization. The conclusion is made that namely French quadrille “on Russian themes” and the patterns of country-dance affected the emergence and existence of folk quadrille virtually in all Russian regions.
Keywords:
folklore, folk square dance, choreography, ball, Russian themes, French square dance, dance, Russia, history of the square dance, dance ditty
Reference:
Usov A.A..
Peculiarities of the formation and transformation of cultural landscape of the historical settlements of Onezhskoye Pomorye
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 11.
P. 1-21.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.11.36850 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36850
Abstract:
The object of this research is the historical,-cultural and natural environment of historical settlements of the Russian North. The subject of this research is the traditional dwelling as a factor of formation and transformation of the cultural landscape of Onezhskoye Pomorye. The goal lies in studying the peculiarities of formation and transformation of cultural landscape of the rural settlements Onezhskoye Pomorye based on the material of traditional dwelling. The research relies on the empirical data acquired in the course of expedition of the Scientific Center for Traditional Culture and Museum Practices of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences to Onezhsky District of Arkhangelsk Region (2018–2021);archival sources of A.V. Shchusev State Museum of Architecture (Moscow), experience of exploring the monuments of wooden architecture of the open-air museum “Malye Korely” (Arkhangelsk Region). The data were obtained by photofixation of the architectural monuments, schematic measurements, and ethnographic survey conducted among local residents using the method of interview. The research employs the original methodology developed by the Doctor of Culturology A. B. Permilovskaya on the architectural-ethnographic exploration of the sites of wooden architecture. Cultural landscape of Onezhskoye Pomorye (and the Russian North overall) primarily is the landscape of rural historical settlements. Northern settlements emerged in close connection with the natural landscape and transformed it into a cultural one. Special role in this process was played by the local population – the Pomors, who were guided by the principles of creating compact settlements, with closed type of dwelling to due to the harsh climate. The adaptive capabilities of traditional dwelling, reflected in its architectural design, allowed the people to survive in the severe conditions of the North. The dwelling is a reflection of natural space of the Russian North and the Arctic, passed through the “prism” of local mentality and carpenter's culture, coexistence of man and the surrounding natural environment, special marker of the North Russian identity, and intrinsic part of the North Russian cultural landscape.
Keywords:
Russian North, vernacular architecture, tradational dwelling, rural historical settlement, cultural landscape, Onezhskoye Pomorye, Arctic, Vorzogory, Maloshuyka, Purnema
Reference:
Shigurova T.A..
Permanent metal jewelry in Mordovian female costumes: ethno-culturological aspect
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 7.
P. 1-16.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.7.36111 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36111
Abstract:
This article trace the origins of using permanent metal jewelry in traditional clothing of the Mordovian people, as well as characterizes the role of metal products in culture. From the perspective of the currently popular brocade, sparkling fabrics, it seems relevant to refer to the domestic tradition of costume embroidery with metal pendants, beads, pearls that shine in the sun, and to the analysis of peculiarities of of Erzya and Moksha embroidery of the XIX – early XX centuries, known for simple but very effective methods of decorating female costume. The novelty of this work is defined by the absence of special research dedicated to permanent metal décor of the Mordovian costume; the need to determine the ratio between natural and synthetic materials used in embroidery; their interrelation with the traditional norms and aesthetic preferences of the Mordovian people. The object of this research is the traditional Mordovian costume, while the subject is the specificity of including small metal items (pendants, beads, pearls) into embroidery of the elements of festive and ritual clothes of the XIX – early XX centuries. The goal consists in analysis of the tradition of using metal items in embroidery, as well as in cognition of the meanings of this material in folk culture. Analysis is conducted on the new archaeological and ethnographic sources, archival materials on the history of culture and art of the Mordovian region. The author highlights and characterizes various techniques of using sequins in the Moksha and Erzya embroidery of the XIX – early XX centuries, which testify to the complexity of ethnogenesis of the Mordovian people.
Keywords:
embroidery, non-removable jewelry, lead, tin, gold, silver, copper, traditional costume, Mordovian culture, tradition
Reference:
Popova A..
The analysis of sociocultural importance of the Chinese traditional game “Promoting Officials”
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 6.
P. 33-43.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.6.36020 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36020
Abstract:
The subject of this research is an ancient Chinese board game “Promoting Officials” (Shengguan Tu), which has a history of more than a thousand years. Unfortunately, after the overthrow of the monarchical structure in 1911, this game gradually ceased to be played. The “Promoting Officials” can be referred to as the game of chance, and its rules remind of the modern game “Monopoly”. Two or more players take turns to roll the dice, which decide whether to move forward or step back. The winner is the one who first reaches the center, position tai shi – mentor of the emperor, grand preceptor. The relevance of this work is substantiated by the absence of research on this cultural phenomenon within the Russian science. The study is based mostly on authentic materials in the Chinese language. The author highlights the connection of the game with the historical era, social structure, hierarchy of state service, education and upbringing of youth, the Confucian doctrine prevalent in the Chinese society. The main conclusions consists in recognition that the board game “Shengguan Tu” played an important role in strengthening the cult of education among youth and regards to the government bureaucratic apparatus. This game also resembles the folk wisdom of the Chinese people.
Keywords:
Promoting Officials, Chinese bureaucracy, Shengguantu, Ancient China, game culture, social culture, Chinese culture, game, board games, gambling
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
The experience of non-traditional study of the poetics of literary works (on the example of the book “Fontanelle” by Meir Shalev)
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 5.
P. 58-75.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.5.35746 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35746
Abstract:
This article offers a nontraditional approach towards studying the poetics of literary work, which considers personality of the reader and analysis of the reality that he reconstructs and experiences. The empirical material is comprised on the authorial analysis of the poetics of Meir Shalev's novel “Fontanelle”. This literary work features the four major themes: love of the protagonist Michael, creation of the new world from its inception, the characteristic of life values of a person, and discussion of the peculiarities of reality that Meir Shalev builds as an artist. In the first theme, the author reveals several images of love, reflecting on the mystical love of the protagonist for the young woman Ana, love in the family and marriage, love for children. At the same time, the author discusses not only the way that Meir Shalev understands and describes love in “Fontanelle”, but also talks about the own interpretation of love. In the plotline of the second theme, the author also distinguishes two lines: the story the protagonist’s grandfather Apupa, who carries his beloved Amuma on his shoulders across the country, seeking a place where they could create a home and family; and the story of gradual development of a small settlement into a city, created by Apupa and Amuma on the mountain, and several Jewish families at the lower valley. Discussing in the third topic the anchors of human life, the author emphasizes such values as effort, love, family and family line, creativity, indicating that Michael is not alone, he is loved, he gets involved in family history, as well as the history of Israel and Jewish culture, drawing strength in the heroes of this story. The last part of the article gives characteristic to the reality of “Fontanelle” and explains why the author liked it.
Keywords:
family, experience, event, author, hero, art, work, poetics, reality, genus
Reference:
Sorokina L.I., Pryamkova N.A..
Folk art traditions in modern culture
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 3.
P. 23-36.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.3.33006 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33006
Abstract:
The subject of this research is traditional folk decorative and applied art in the context of modern society. The authors reviews the factors that affected the formation of this art form, the role of collective creative experience, the canon for preserving archaic images, symbols and manufacturing technique. The article reveals the conditions of familiarizing youth with the folk tradition, indicating the importance of continuity of generations. Since each artwork is the synthesis of tradition and creativity, attention is drawn to the possibility of interpreting traditional experience in the products of craftsmen. By referring to the facts from the history of the Romanov’s pottery and toy craft, the author provides examples of the emergence of new plotlines in the conditions of changing sociocultural situation, and analyzes their correspondence with the tradition. The application of dialectical method demonstrates fusions of the tradition and novelties in folk art of the past and modernity. The authors’ contribution consists in identification of the causes of the current crisis state of traditional folk decorative and applied art. The article analyzes various measures, including the creation of manufacturing groups in the XX century, which were aimed at its preservation. The experience of the previous generations of professional and folk artisans allows tracing the peculiarities in the development of crafts, such as correlation between the traditional and innovative. The authors examines the necessary conditions for continuity of traditions of folk culture in modern civilization, which requires deliberate actions.
Keywords:
applied art, creation, craft, traditional crafts, traditional folk art, folk culture, Tradition, romanovo toys, modern culture, pagan culture
Reference:
Nikiforova A..
Interactive forms of preservation of cultural memory (on the example of historical reconstruction in the Northwest Russia
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 3.
P. 37-46.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.3.33133 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33133
Abstract:
This article examines the process of preservation of cultural heritage through interactive forms of historical reconstruction. The author reviews such relatively new for Russia phenomena as military-historical clubs, ethnic parks, thematic tourism zones, private museums and ethnographic collections, which familiarize with the history of our homeland in an interactive form. The active engagement of visitors and members of the club into the process of reconstruction of lifestyle and military traditions of previous generations is like being a participant of the restored history, which is more comprehensible than the textbook or exhibited artifacts, and thus arouses more emotional response and forms a respectful and patriotic attitude towards the native country. It is established that ethnic parks, thematic tourism zones, private museums, houses of ethnography, created by the efforts of enthusiasts do not often become the object of scientific interest, at times receiving contempt from the professional scientific community. However, the practice demonstrates that historical reconstruction draws more citizen’ attention than the traditional museum. Such situation requires examination and defines its novelty. The result of research consists in the creation of value-oriented classification of historical reconstruction organizations, as well as in assumption that from the visitor’s or participant’s perspective the leading role in historical reconstruction is not so much the accuracy (with a certain degree of fiction), but the creation of a holistic image of living history, filled with the value meaning of the bygone era.
Keywords:
artistic image, interactivity, private museum, thematic tourism, ethnographic park, preservation of heritage, historical reconstruction, culture, esthetics, culture philosophy
Reference:
Rashitov D.D..
Traditions of using jewelry and precious metals in customs, religion and folklore of the Tatars
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 1.
P. 22-36.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.1.32186 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32186
Abstract:
The article discusses the historical-culturological component of jewelry and precious metals in culture and living environment of the Volga Tatars. Emphasis is placed on the customs, folklore and religious aspects with mentioning on the jewelry and precious metals. Detailed description is given to the current situation and meaning of jewelry within the framework of the topic of research. The goal lies in conducting a historical-culturological overview and analysis of jewelry and precious metals in the context of spiritual culture of the Volga Tatars, which necessitates to examine the cult component of jewelry and images related to precious metals. The author also touches upon the influence of pre-Islamic and Islamic culture upon the survived artifacts. Analysis is conducted on such aspects of the Tatar culture, which indicate correlation between jewelry, spiritual heritage, and religion. The author point out the instances when jewelry reflects intangible culture in the material component of the Tatar people; as well as reveals the unique code of the Tatar culture that to one or another extent is depicted on jewelry items. The article reviews some cultural traces of the period before the Bulgars, and chronological development of the Tatar culture up to the present day under the influence of Islam.
Keywords:
tatar culture, jewellery art of tatars, gold, silver, Tatars, precious metal, jewelry, tatar religion, tatar customs, folk costume
Reference:
Rubin V.A..
The key stages of creation and functionality of the sites of war memorial heritage
// Culture and Art.
2021. № 1.
P. 37-49.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2021.1.34559 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34559
Abstract:
The relevance of studying the war memorial heritage consists in the adoption of new norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation on protection of historical truth, which implies commemoration of the defenders of the homeland, and heroism of the people. The subject of this article is the stages of creation and functionality of the sites of war memorial heritage in time and in space. The object of this research is the war memorial heritage. The author highlights and analyzes six key stages of creation and functionality of the sites of war memorial heritage: motivational-explanatory (grounds for memorialization); procedural-memorial (procedure for perpetuation of the memory); maintenance-protective (repair, restoration, improvement; prevention of unlawful actions (inaction) with regards to the sites of war memorial heritage); mobilization (relocation of a war memorial site); destructive (demolition, damage); constructive-restorative (reconstruction of a site). The scientific novelty consists in comprehension of the key stages of creation and functionality of the sites of war memorial heritage, which is of scientific, theoretical and practical interest for the development of effective cultural strategies in the future. The conclusion is made that the period of creation and functionality of the war memorial sites is characterized by the presence of six key stages. The tangible component of a site can be subjected to destructive processes, including demolition. However, sustainability of the symbolic component allows subsequent regeneration of tangible mediums of the monuments, which is confirmed by constructive-restorative activity. The author underlines the antagonism of the tangible and symbolic components of war memorial heritage, in the context of which tangible is constantly subject to modernization, while symbolic should remain unchanged.
Keywords:
protection of historical truth, commemoration, cultural policy, historical memory, space, time, military memorial heritage, images of the past, place of memory, sacral place
Reference:
Chernyavskaya E.N..
Methods of historicization of estate landscapes of Moscow
// Culture and Art.
2020. № 11.
P. 53-74.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.11.32067 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32067
Abstract:
The object of this research is the methods used in design practices of post-Soviet time to give historical appearance to landscapes of former estates of Moscow region, which faded away, i.e. the methods of historicization. The landscapes under review are being protected by the government as the objects of Moscow cultural heritage, and designated as museums (reserve museums) and public parks. The subject of this research is disclosure of the essence of these methods and their assessment from the perspective of alignment with historical primary sources, implementation, proliferation, and attractiveness. The author conducts systematization of methods in accordance to the degree of conformance to the historical realities, and divides them into the following groups: 1) that provide accurate reproduction of historical forms, 2) that create similarities, 3) that create new forms. Each group is divided into subgroups. By frequency of application, the leading place belongs to the methods of first group, which are aimed at reproduction of the shapes of buildings and structures. The rest two methods focus on reviving the memory of the past. The application is attributed to new construction, which can be assessed as landscape evolution and a modern artistic phenomenon. The methods of second group lead to landscape development in spirit of historicism, while the methods of third group – to the development of territory based on modern vision of the past. The conducted analysis is valued for the general outlook upon the process of preservation of one of the most complex types of cultural heritage of Moscow.
Keywords:
pastiche, reestablishment, preservation, restoration, giving a historical appearance, post-Soviet Moscow, landscapes of historical estates, the persistence of memory, development of the historical landscape, systematization of methods
Reference:
Rubin V.A., Spiridonova E.V., Shub M.L..
Essential parameters of military-memorial heritage as a cultural phenomenon
// Culture and Art.
2020. № 9.
P. 55-67.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.9.32184 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32184
Abstract:
The relevance of studying military-memorial heritage is defined by terminological uncertainty of the phenomenon. The subject of this research is the basic essential parameters of military-memorial heritage within the framework of humanistic knowledge. The object of this research is the military-memorial heritage as a phenomenon of national culture. The authors explore the key structural forms of existence, species diversity, social functions and specific attributes of the military-memorial heritage; leaning on that conduct structural-functional analysis and determine essential parameters of the “military memorial heritage” as a cultural phenomenon. In the course of this work, the authors apply the interdisciplinary method of research due to the fact that military-memorial heritage attracts attention of the scholars of humanities (culturology, sociology, political science, history, philosophy, and others), as well as deductive method that suggests narrative logic from the general to the specific. In the context of this study, the “general” implies such phenomena as historical memory, heritage, and cultural policy, while the “specific” implies the derivative sociocultural phenomena (military-memorial culture, military memorial heritage, etc.). The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to determine the essential parameters of the phenomenon of military-memorial heritage. The conclusion is made that possessing the particular characteristics, military-memorial heritage requires conceptualization and profound scientific cognition. The key positions of the research were implemented in terms of grant programs of the President of the Russian Federation for government support of the leading young Russian scholars – Doctors of Sciences (MD-2020 Contest), and the project “Culture of Memory of Industrial Cities of the Russian Province: Memorial Strategies of Regional Identity”.
Keywords:
monument, defender of Fatherland, military burial place, cultural phenomenon, essential parameters, state cultural policy, military memorial culture, military memorial heritage, memorial complex, search movement
Reference:
Tun D..
Chinese folk tales: the analysis of cultural code in folklore
// Culture and Art.
2020. № 7.
P. 38-46.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.7.33500 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33500
Abstract:
In recent years, due to expansion of cooperation between Russia and China in various spheres, and heightened interest to Chinese culture and cultural exchange, the folk tales and their in-depth review more and more relevance. This article examines and analyzes the Chinese folk tales, ethnocultural representations on the world, values, relationships, and assessment of surrounding environment contained thereof. The understanding of traditional concepts and images allows to better understand mentality of the nation, their priorities and ideologies. The parallel is drawn with the Russian tales and stereotypes. The author determines the universal ethical messages typical for the people of any culture, as well as specific features characteristic to Chinese people. The differences and similarities in perception of various images, actions and conclusions are considered on the examples of Chinese and Russian cultures. A popular idea of “two brothers” in narration of the tales is presented. On the example of several tales, the author analyzes this traditional model and describes its peculiarities, as well as behavioral models that are typical to China. Behavioral analysis can be valuable in in-depth review of Chinese culture, namely folk culture, as well as in strengthening of cross-cultural ties and improving efficiency of studying Chinese language through understanding the national stereotypes and linguistic worldview.
Keywords:
linguistic world image, people’s way of thinking, culture of China, fairy tales model, folk art, analysis, Chinese folk tales, cultural exchange, Chinese language, values
Reference:
Mironov A..
L. N. Tolstoy’s “epic poems” as a factor of distorted reflection of epos in the Russian epic poetry, pedagogy and art of the late XIX – early XX century
// Culture and Art.
2020. № 3.
P. 23-37.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.3.32371 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32371
Abstract:
This article makes an attempt to determine semantic and value distinctions of epic poems written by L. N. Tolstoy for pedagogical project “Azbuka” (an alphabet book) from authentic epic songs of the Russian people, as well as trace the influence of Tolstoy’s interpretation upon the reception of epos in the Russian educates society of the late XIX century. Substituting the epic Niola with the titanic “working man” Mikula, Tolstoy corrects the original concept of the epic poem by counterpoising Svyatogor and Mikula Selyanovich, reflecting the social class conflict of aristocracy and the commoners. The poetic tale of Lev Tolsytoy “Volga and Mikula” presents his ideal of the peaceful worker, who does not resist the evil of the provider, and whose work and meekness hold the society together. This ideal advances the previously unfamiliar to Russian epic consciousness values: sacralization of agricultural work, avoidance of military life and governance of the state, as well as exclusive value of peasant origin. Tolstoy’s image of the “working man” was received is chrestomathies of F, Buslaev and A. Galakhov, works of V. Avenarius, M. Vrubel, K. Balmont and N. Roerich.
Keywords:
Leo Tolstoy, Mikula Selyaninovich, Svyatogor, cultural values, reception, bylinas, heroic epics, folklore, pedagogy, textbooks
Reference:
Prilutskii A.M., Lebedev V.Y..
Image of a village in the discourses of pseudo-traditionalism
// Culture and Art.
2020. № 2.
P. 34-43.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.2.29624 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29624
Abstract:
This article is dedicated to analysis of the phenomenon of pseudo-traditionalism on the example of interpretation of image of a village in the discourses of modern culture. The concepts and processes that cursory are perceived as traditional, but modernistic in their essence, are referred to pseudo-traditional. The authors understand pseudo-traditionalism as a result of stylistic mimicry based on the partial digestion of separate elements of the traditional semiotic system borrowed extra-contextually and uncoupled from other elements, with which they are in a state of structural-systemic relations within the framework of real tradition. The article is carried out in the context of semiotic-hermeneutic approach towards analysis of the phenomena of modern culture. The sources include the literary text of clearly traditional orientation, as well as materials collected in the course of sociological interview. The authors prove that the opposition city – village carries mythological character, equally to demonization of city and idealization of village in pseudo-traditionalistic discourses. The article also analyzes various aspects and modi of the modern mythological image of a village, including religious (eschatological). The author examines the impact of historical and social contexts upon the formation of ancient mythology.
Keywords:
provincialism, archaic,, modernism, city, myth, pseudotraditiona, tradition, village, religion, semiotic
Reference:
nikiforova s.v., Pokatilova I.V., Kharlampieva N.R..
Nomadic singularities of the contemporary art of Yakutia
// Culture and Art.
2019. № 11.
P. 1-8.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2019.11.31431 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31431
Abstract:
The relevance of the study is due to the fact that museum and exhibition activities in the region are not sufficiently diverse. Rare precedents of modern practices of contemporary art of Yakutia in the media hype, do not become the object of scientific research. The purpose of the proposed study is to consider the specifics of the organization of the exhibition space (2013), which has become a platform producing new meanings and forms of symbols of the traditional culture of Sakha (Yakuts). The subject of the study is the specifics of building a cultural text in the exhibition space, which allows practitioners of contemporary art to initiate artist-viewer interaction. The analysis of the reception of the inclusion of signs of traditional culture in the modern environment is proposed. The nomadology strategy chosen by the curators allows artists and viewers to transform the structural orderliness of traditional forms of culture into a nomadism unfolding before their eyes. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that contemporary art in the region is taking its first steps and has not yet become the subject of research. For the first time, the postmodern methodology is used on the material of contemporary Yakut art. We have considered one aspect of the exhibition "Prelude to Siberia" - the organization of the exhibition space as an unpredictable unfolding of a nomadic singularity and a provocative clash of traditional and postmodern discourse in regional culture.
Keywords:
sign, traditional culture, creative potential, singularity, cultural space, rhizome, nomadology, current art, communication, organization of space
Reference:
Komlev Y.E..
The Role of Orenburg Museum in Preservation of Cultural Legacy
// Culture and Art.
2019. № 8.
P. 68-81.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2019.8.30290 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30290
Abstract:
In his article Komlev analyzes the role of Orenburg Regional Museum of History and Regional Studies in the preservation of cultural legacy starting from the XIXth century till today. This is one of the oldest museums in Russia. It was founded on November 12, 1830 when Pavel Sukhtelin was Orenburg military governor. Komlev wrote his article based on the analysis of archives of State Archive for Orenburg Region and archives of Orenburg Regional Museum of History and Regional Studies. Komlev has analyzed the history of the development of this museum and describes the experience of the Museum in answering the challenges of the time and becoming a modern institution at the turn of the XXth - XXIst centuries.
Keywords:
The role of the Museum, Orenburg region, The Museum at school, Dal, Zan, Sukhtelen, Neplyuevskoe School, the establishment of the museum, History of Orenburg Museum, Scientific Archive Commission
Reference:
Usov A.A..
Traditional Peasant Dwelling in Cultural Landscape of Onezhskoye Pomorye (on example of Vorzogory Village)
// Culture and Art.
2019. № 5.
P. 31-41.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2019.5.29339 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29339
Abstract:
In the article, the study of traditional peasant dwelling (the subject of the study), as an object, forming a rural cultural landscape of Northern and Arctic territories, is conducted. The aim of the research is to study the architectural-constructive organization of North Russian yard house in the environmental and cultural space of Onezhskoye Pomorye. Pomor culture is a Russian variant of maritime culture of the Arctic. The cultural landscape of the Russian North is, primarily, a landscape of rural historical settlements. The house was one of the ways of environmental reclamation, due to its adaptive abilities, reflected in architectural-constructive and planning organization, human survival in the North and the Arctic became possible. Source of the research: empirical forwarding materials on the Primorsky and Onega districts of the Arkhangelsk region, 2018; archival sources of scientific and production center for the protection of monuments of history and culture (Arkhangelsk), the monuments of wooden architecture from the open-air museum "Small Karelians" (Arkhangelsk region). The article is based on the use of complex of methods: systemic, cultural-historical, art criticism, ethnocultural. Photo fixation of architecture monuments was conducted, schematic measurements were performed, an ethnographical survey of local people by the method of the interview was conducted. The research is based on the application of the author's methodology of Dr. A. B. Permilovskaya on the architectural and ethnographic survey of objects of wooden architecture. As a result of the study, the new information on the architectural-constructive organization of Pomor house, its adaptation to the subarctic climate conditions, and its town-forming role in forming a cultural landscape of unique historical village Vorzogory was received. Results application field: scientific works, the formation of expositions of museums in the open-air, the restoration of monuments of wooden architecture, modern rural housing.
Keywords:
Russian North, adaptation, dwelling, spatial planning, rural historical settlement, cultural landscape, vernacular architecture, traditional culture, the Arctic, Onezhskoye Pomorye
Reference:
Bogdanova M.V..
Dialectics of Orthodox Wedding Ritual as the Reflection of Cultural Values
// Culture and Art.
2019. № 3.
P. 36-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2019.3.29122 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29122
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the Orthodox wedding ritual as a system of cultural values of a modern society. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the liturgical symbolism and church canon of the wedding ceremony. Bogdanova describes such features of the Orthodox church wedding as devotion to canon, cyclic nature and sacred meaning. The researcher also focuses on the traditions and folk rituals of wedding in a modern society and emphasizes archaic (pre-Christian) symbols and beliefs during preparation and celebration of the wedding. The research methodology is based on the comparative historical method. The main research methods are analysis, synthesis, observation, comparison of modern realities and traditional rituals. The main conclusions of the research are the following: today's Orthodox wedding ritual remains unchanged as compared to the early Christian canon of church wedding. All the symbols used during the church wedding are of sacred nature and Christian-centered. Modern wedding ritual reflects both ancient beliefs and traditions and influence of modern fashion.
Keywords:
modern transformations, archaic beliefs, church canon, liturgical symbolism, beliefs, rituals, cultural values, tradition, christocentricity, transitional stage
Reference:
Rubin V.A., Spiridonova E.V..
The Contribution of the Search Movement of Russia to the Preservation, Extension and Reinforcement of Russias Military Memorial Work of Late XXth - Early XXIst Centuries
// Culture and Art.
2019. № 1.
P. 59-68.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2019.1.28671 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28671
Abstract:
The rationale of the research is caused by the lack of knowledge on the topic as well as the state policy that is taking shape in the post-Soviet space in perpetuating the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland, the problem of the involvement of various ministries and departments, local governments and the lack of coordination between them. The authors study the contribution of search organizations to the preservation of the military memorial heritage, the expansion and strengthening of Russian military memorial environment at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. The object of the research is the state policy of Russia. The subject of the research is the contribution of the search movement in the formation and implementation of state youth and cultural policies in the field of preserving the military memorial heritage from the end of the 20th century to the present day. The conceptual foundations of the cultural policy of the present and the problems of the transmission of the Russian traditions of cultural heritage preservation are explored by O. Astafieva, O. Avanesova, S. Sinetsky, O.Galkova, M. Shub and a number of other researchers. The scientific novelty is caused by the fact that the authors analyze concrete examples of the activities of search associations in Russia to record, preserve and popularize the military memorial heritage and make a conclusion about the priority attention of search engines to objects with military ashes (military burial grounds), transformation of associations from scattered detachments to a single movement and significant dependence on state support.
Keywords:
dead defenders of the Fatherland, military burial place, Great Patriotic war, postsoviet period, youth policy, cultural policy, military memorial work, military memorial heritage, search movement of Russia, mass grave
Reference:
Rubin V.A., Spiridonova E.V..
About the Role of the Russian Defense Ministry in the Process of the Development and Implementation of the State Cultural Policy in the Field of Military Memorial Heritage Preservation in the Post-Soviet Period
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 12.
P. 68-76.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.12.28307 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28307
Abstract:
The rationale of this research is caused by the fact that this is an understudied topic as well as by the state policy to eternize the memory of the Fatherland defenders and the involvement of the ministries, agencies and local government agencies into the preservation of the military memorial heritage and the fact that there is no proper coordination between them. The authors of the article analyze the role of the defense agency as the key regulator of the military memorial activity in the country over 1991 - 2018. The object of the research is the state policy of Russia. The subject of the research is the role of the Russian Defense Ministry in the process of the development and implementation of the state cultural policy in the field of military memorial heritage preservation since 1991 till present days. The conceptual grounds of today's cultural policy and the problems of transmitting Russian traditions of the cultural heritage preservation have been studied by O. Astafieva, O. Avanesova, S. Sinetsky, O. Galkova and a number of other researchers. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors have summarized and analyzed particular examples of the Russian Defense Ministry's activity to record, preserve and popularize the military memorial heritage and have made a conclusion about the sustainability of military memorial preservation policy under the conditions of economic and political crises of the post-Soviet period.
Keywords:
defender of Fatherland, military burial place, postSoviet period, state policy, military memorial work, military memorial heritage, Russian defense Ministry, monument, memorial complex, search movement
Reference:
Rubin V.A., Spiridonova E.V..
Historical and Cultural Aspects of the Creation, Development and Preservation of the Russian Military Memorial Heritage During the Pre-Revolutionary Period
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 11.
P. 60-71.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.11.27772 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27772
Abstract:
The rationale of the analysis of historical and cultural aspects of the creation, development and preservation of the Russian military memorial heritage during the pre-revolutionary period is caused by the fact that this is an understudied topic as well as the need to define the basic vectors of today's state policy in culture, education, patriotic education of youg people, and heritage preservation. The object of the research is the famous monuments and places. The subject of the research is the creation, development and preservation of the Russian military memorial heritage during the pe-revolutionary period. The authors focus on the temple construction, creation of the first monuments, adoption of the first legal acts, development of the military memorial environment after major military conflicts, and establishment of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society. The conceptual grounds for cultural policy of the modern time and problems of transmitting Russian traditions of cultural heritage preservation were studied by O. Astafieva, O. Avanesova, S. Sinetsky, O. Galkova and other researchers. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that this is a rather understudied issue in the history of culture. The analysis of the military memorial heritage is of fundamental importance for science, society and state because many problems related to preservation of military memorial heritage can be solved only through scientific analysis and, without any doubts, will contribute to the development of the cultural sphere, achievement of state defense objectives and creation of the careful attitude to the historical memory objects.
Keywords:
monument, regimental temple, temple construction, pre-revolutionary period, military memorial heritage, monumental art, cultural policy, historical memory, Russian military history, obelisk
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
The Feat and Fall of Janis Rainis (Thoughts on Roald Dobrovensky's Novel 'Rainis and His Brothers' and Joseph Schumpeter's Book 'Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy')
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 11.
P. 49-59.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.11.27798 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27798
Abstract:
In his article Rozin focuses on one single storyline in Roald Dobrovensky's novel that relates to a number of socio-cultural issues in the contemporary history of Latvia and Russia. These issues include how the development of the nation and the development of the statehood relate, the difference between two forms of the statehood (capitalist and socialist) and two kinds of socialism (bolshevist and democratic), contribution of capitalism and socialism to the development of a new state, and the role of personality and communities in the aforesaid social processes. These are the same issues Joseph Schumpeter in his work 'Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy' focuses on. Rozin appeals to this work in order to compare the problems raised by Dobrovensky and Schumpeter. The research is based on the following methodology: problem statement, case and comparative analysis, cultural-historical reconstruction, and scenario analysis. As a result of his research, Rozin demonstrates that both personalities like Rainis and socialistic and national ideas have made equal contribution to the development of the Latvian culture. In addition, Rozin has analyzed the consequences of socialistic ideas for the people and the country.
Keywords:
literature, language, fall, feat, personality, state, nation, sotsializm, history, culture
Reference:
Shapinskaia E.N..
Romantic Narrative as a Form of Escapism
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 11.
P. 72-82.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.11.27916 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27916
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the love narration line what is being viewed by the author of the article from the point of view of its escapistic features. The researcher focuses on kinds of romance fiction (narrative) as a harlequin novel and best-selling novel that created the grounds for the generation of other popular cultural genres such as cinema or TV series. As a result, today's pop culture creates space for the reification of the love narrative in different kinds. The author pays special attention to the peculiarities of the love narrative when it is taken to cyber space which creates new opportunities for escapism. The methodological basis of the research includes modern researches of escapism (by Anthony Giddens, E. Orlova, John Fiske, J. Storey, etc.) and analysis of literary forms from the point of view of their escapistic attribution (Georges Bataille, Ayn Rand) as well as researches of virtual reality (M. Poster and J. Murrey). The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the love narrative is viewed from the point of view of its development from the harlequin novel of the XIXth century till modern 'cyber-drama'. This creates an opportunity for understanding new forms of culture, in particular, romantic narrative which acquires new forms while retaining its escapistic orientation. The love narrative represents a love concept and a dream about true love in all artistic and cultural environments. The love narrative remains powerful even during the period of drastic transformations of cultural forms in the virtual space which allows to talk about escapism of the love narrative as an essential feature of human life.
Keywords:
everyday life, popular cultura, feminism, author, romance fiction, escapism, narrative, virtual world, postmodernity, cultural form
Reference:
Puchkovskaia A.A., Tretiakov A.O..
Digital Humanities: Analysis of the Application of Digital Technologies in the Sphere of Humanities
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 10.
P. 1-9.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.10.27277 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27277
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the variety of digital culture forms that have been developed within the framework of the interdisciplinary research at the interface of cultural research and information communicative technologies. The object of the research is the application of digital technologies in humanities projects. The aim of the research is to analyze app projects Digital Humanities as part of the development of the digital culture. The authors examine the application of information communication technologies in studying cultural heritage, corpus analysis of literary texts, work with big media collections, 3D modelling of art objects, network analysis, etc. The authors focus on interpretation and definitions of Big Data and Linked Data in terms of humanities. The research methodology has a complex nature that combines different methods and approaches. The authors of the article apply the comparative analytical and cross cultural analysis as well as synergetic approach. The main conclusions of the research are the new definitions of aura, replicability, pre-representational thinking, rhizome in terms of the development of digital culture and based on the example of digital humanities. The authors' special contribution to the research is their analysis of a great number of interdisciplinary projects that illustrate the influence of digital technologies on the development of modern culture. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors constructs a new concept of cross cultural capital that is developed in the process of consumption of digital cultural products online or offline.
Keywords:
cultural heritage, cross-cultural capital, information communication, rhizome, digital culture, interdisciplinary research, innovations in the museum, Digital Humanities, multimedia projects, postmodernism
Reference:
Semina N..
On the Development of the Image of the Caucasian Mineral Water in the First Half of the XIXth Century: the Continuity of Style
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 10.
P. 49-56.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.10.27440 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27440
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the architecture of the Caucasian Mineral Water in the first half of the XIXth century. The aim of the research is to discover peculiarities of its evolution and development of a particular visual image. To achieve this purpose, the author analyzed the cultural policy of the state towards early Russian resorts that paid much attention to the development of the city and landscape environment. In particular, Pyatigorsk was an experimental city because it served as the capital of the North Caucasus. Pyatigorsk played the role of a certain reference model all the local resorts should try to catch up with. Thus, their architectural stylistics presented the big empire capital. The researcher also analyzes specific interaction between actors of the cultural policy at different levels: emperor, governor, chief executives, and artistic elite. The research methodology implies the historical cultural approach in terms of the province-capital dichotomy and discovering stylistic transformations in the architecture of the Water under the influence of varied social, military, political and economic factors. The use of archival data, epistolary heritage, and memoiristics allowed to extend the concept of the process. The scientific and practical importance of the research is caused by the fact that Semina analyzes the interaction mechanisms between actors of different levels under severe conditions (Caucasian War, mountaineers raids, absence of stable transport connection) that created the phenomenon of the rural architecture of the Caucasian Mineral Water. The result of the urban development was the synthesis of rigorous classicistic forms and Romantic style. This was also the time when the unique image of resorts developed as the reflection of the syncretic connection to both capital and European culture.
Keywords:
romantism, classicism, province, style, cultural politics, architecture, landscape, the Moorish style, Pyatigorsk, Caucasian Mineral Water
Reference:
Chernyavskaya E.N..
Areas of Landscape Transformation of Moscow Historical Estates
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 9.
P. 66-75.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.9.27284 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27284
Abstract:
The object of the research is the landscapes of 33 historical estates that were built near Moscow in the XVII-XIX centuries and are now protected as objects of cultural heritage of Moscow. The boundaries of these objects were developed by the author of the article in 1972 for placing on state protection as monuments of landscape art. The subject of research is the changes that have occurred during this time and essential parameters of the estate landscapes. These parameters include the preservation of the territory, type of use, restoration and state of the landscape. The researcher has used the method of comparative analysis of the specified parameters of objects in the 1970s and in our time. The research results demonstrate that the boundaries of the monuments approved by the state in the 1970s were not violated but clarified. In the area of change in use, positive phenomena have been established in terms of preservation of cultural heritage sites: museumification (5 territories), revival of temples (19 temples), transfer of the territory of the Russian Orthodox Church (3), increasing the status of users (2), and negative phenomena: user loss (3) an increase in the number of territories closed to public access (from 10 to 12). In the area of restoration, quantitative and qualitative prevalence of buildings over the park (25 and 10 territories) was recorded, which creates visual dissonance. The parks are leveling historical parameters (20 territories). When parks were restored, the tendency to include new forms consonant with historical ones was revealed. Landscapes thus formed are proposed to be considered as developing historical landscapes. The analysis performed is valuable in terms of the evolution of one of the most complex types of cultural heritage in Moscow. An additional contribution of the author is specific suggestions for optimizing the process.
Keywords:
restoration, using, territory border, cultural heritage site, Moscow, landscape, historical estates, state, forms of preservation, social requirement
Reference:
Han J., Serdyuk M.B..
Cultural Tourism in the Primorsky Krai Through the Eyes of Korean Tourists
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 5.
P. 19-24.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.5.25911 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25911
Abstract:
The research is devoted to the main issues of cultural tourism in the Primorsky Krai through the eyes of Korean tourists. The number of tourists travelling from Korea to the Primorsky Krai has been growing lately. One of the reasons that encourage such a great number of Korean tourists is the historical and cultural legacy of the remains of Balhae and Korean independence movement. One of the problems related to Russian tourism is that despite interesting cultural monuments, foreign tourists often have difficulty finding recreations. According to the authors of the article, in order to solve this problem it is necessary to create a tourism infrastructure in places where cultural monuments are located. The authors use the method of interviewing Korean tourists about cultural tourism and field research method, analysis of archives and museum sources about the remains of Balhae and archeology, as well as analysis of travels. These materials allow to complete the real picture that lacks actual researches on the matter. The results of the research can be used by travel companies as well as state authorities that realize and implement the cultural policy and thus contribute to the development of Korean tourism in the Primorsky Krai.
Keywords:
Primorsky Krai, The remains of Balhae, cultural heritage, archaeological monuments, Ussuriysk, Khasansky District, memorial places, South Korean tourists, Tourism infrastructure, Cultural tourism
Reference:
Amgalanova M.V..
Traditions and Development of Buryat National Literature at the Crossing of Eras
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 2.
P. 1-11.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.2.25082 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25082
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of that special role that was assigned to the development of national literature and writers as part of the cultural construction of regions. The subject of the research is the main trends in the development of the national Buryat literature of the 1920s which had been considered to be the literature with a recent system of writing for quite a long time. The author emphasizes the being one of the most important forms of social conciousness, literature has always reflected live styles and world views of people in this or that historical period. The author focuses on the development of the genre system of the Buryat literature. The methodological basis of the research includes the historical cultural approach, the main methods are axiological and narrative. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that Buryat researchers mostly focus on the descriptive analysis of literary works without focusing on visions, thoughts and feelings of writers that reflected social, political, economic and historical-cultural trends in the development of the 'new' Buryat culture. The main conclusion of the research is that the first after-revolution decade of the history and culture of Buryatia was one of the most dynamic periods when conditions for formation and development of the national literature were created.
Keywords:
author's beginning, world view, cultural heritage, folklore traditions, genre system, realism, literature recently put into writing, traditions of the Russian literature, Buryat literature, Buryat national culture
Reference:
Vasileva E.A..
Classification of Russian Museums of Dolls
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 2.
P. 57-65.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.2.25668 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25668
Abstract:
The object of the research is the Russian museums of dolls. The first museums like that were opened in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century as a result of developing pedagogics and professional puppet theatre. These have been actively developing at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries and are still continuing to develop now. Globalisation processes, in particular, growing popularity of doll arts and collecting fashion contribute to the development, too. The author of the present article pays attention to the variety of museums of dolls which is caused by different origins of dolls and numerous functions performed by the doll in general. The phenomenon is studied in terms of cultural research and the author analyzes classifications and typologies used by the museum community. The author emphasizes the importance of regular review and change of these classifications. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that despite the increasing interest in dolls as a collecting and exhibition item, there haven't been any researches devoted to Russian museums of dolls, in particular, their classification. As a result of the research, the author offers her own classification criteria depending on the origin of museums and contents of collections. In particular, the author describes four types of museums of dolls: museums of dolls that mostly exhibit art collections; museums of dolls and toys devoted to childhood studies; museums of theatre puppets run by the puppet theatres; and traditional museums of dolls. However, this classification should be extended in the future taking into account the growing number of such institutions.
Keywords:
collecting, typology, doll, toy, classification, museum, museum of theatre puppets, museum of toys, museum of dolls, private museum
Reference:
Novoselova E..
Russian Echo of Le Prophète: The Problem of Literary Reception of Giacomo Meyerbeer's Opera
// Culture and Art.
2018. № 1.
P. 24-38.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.1.25296 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25296
Abstract:
Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera 'Le Prophete' had been very popular in the mid 19th century but then it was forgotten. The last time it was staged in Russia was back in the 20's of the 20th century. There were several reasons to that: critics' negative opinion on Meyerbeer's creative work in general which gave a bad reputation to his operas; and the fact that new audience of the Soviet opera theatre did not agree with the ideological message of the opera about the false tzar. As a result, Le Prophete was left in the shade of Les Huguenots that was more popular in the Soviet times. Meanwhile, the third largest opera of Meyerbeer had a significant influence on the Russian culture of the 19th century both in music and literature. The reception of Meyerbeer's opera in Russian literature is analyzed by the author of the article using the comparative analysis approach as well as methods of cultural and historical text analysis. This research extends the corpus of works that have receptive links with the music theatre. For the first time in the academic literature the author analyzes this topic in relation to Apukhtin's and Pisemsky's works as well as a number of literary works about false tzars written in the 1860's. The author of the article makes a hypothesis that plot devices, chronotopes and ideological message of Le Prophete opera had an impact on Dostoevsky writing his novel 'Demons'. Thus, analysis of the reception of Meyerbeer's Le Prophete in Russian literature allows not only to discover works that had been influenced by the opera but also to clarify the role the opera had for the Russian culture of the 19th century.
Keywords:
impostor, ways we perceive the works, Dostoyevsky, russian musical theatre, grand opèra, Pisemsky, Meyerbeer, opera, Apukhtin, Le Prophète
Reference:
Tishina I..
Turgenev Places in Memoirs and Prose by Russian Migrant Writers of the First Wave
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 12.
P. 1-8.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.12.24865 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24865
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the topos 'Turgenev places' as the Russian and all-European spiritual and cultural area as it was depicted in memoirs and literary works written by Russian migrant writers of the first wave such as B. Zaytsev's novels 'Zhukovsky' and 'Turgenev's Life', I. Shelev's spiritual novel 'God's Ways', and N. Tsurikov's memoirs 'The Past'. So-called Turgenev places are the territories of the Chernsky District of the Tula Province and Mtsensky District of the Oryol Province that are related to the life and creative work of Ivan Turgenev. These texts are analyzed by using the cultural historical analysis and such concepts as 'universal cultural', 'national', 'single' and associated concept of 'the small motherland' as a complex polyfunctional complex. The results of the research demonstrate that the writers view Turgenev places as a cultural symbol of 'the small motherland' associated with such concepts as 'native' and 'national' and at the same time closely related to the image of a writer as a 'Russian European' which made it a guiding symbol for all Russian writers who migrated to the other land. Moreover, the present research extends the existing corpus of researches on Russian migrant literature and the role of Russian migrant literature in preserving the national cultural heritage. For the first time in the academic literature Tishina raises a topic of Turgenev places as the spiritual and cultural area in literary works of the Russian emigre writers which is an important contribution to the modern theory and history of culture.
Keywords:
cultural area, Russian migrant literature, Russian migrant culture, Russian migration community, Russian migration, Tsurikov, Shmelev, Zaytsev, Turgenev places, Turgenev
Reference:
Smirnova E.A..
Vladimir Magar's Play 'Masquerade, or Conspiration of Masks' (Sevastopol Russian Drama Theatre named after A. Lunacharsky, 2001)
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 11.
P. 33-45.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.11.23882 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23882
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the play 'Masquerade, or Conspiration of Masks' (Sevastopol Russian Drama Theatre named after A. Lunacharsky, 2001) from the point of view of acting methods and techniques used there that present the acting methodology of Vladimir Magar, a leading Sevastopol artistic director since 2000 till 2014. In her research Smirnova touches upon transformations of the literary dramaturgical materials into the acting plot using the cross-cutting of narrative plots and motives and action structured according to the rules of a musical composition. The director creates a special visual perception of the play using the figure and ground combination. Smirnova also analyzes the rle of scenography, plastics, music and other elements of a dramatic action. The article is bsed on the comparative historical method, the author's personal visual perception and analysis of mass media publications devoted to the play. Analysis of Vladimir Magar's methodology, which is a rather understudied topic in the literature, is important for understanding the main principles of Magar's directing activity, in particular, musical construction (the combination of the figure and ground that interact based on general musical principles, episode construction where cuts are given a special role, and the cutting principle).
Keywords:
romanticism, episode construction, cutting, acting plot, acting methodology, musical construction, Masquerade play, Sevastopol Theatre, Boris Blank, Vladimir Magar
Reference:
Rozin V.M..
Understanding Fedor Dostoevsky in The Writers' Diaries: Mission of Russia and its Relation to Europe
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 9.
P. 37-52.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.9.24023 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24023
Abstract:
The author of the article analyzes the views of Fedor Dostoyevsky on the historical process and the mission of Russia in relation to Europe. The author puts and seeks answers to two main questions: the reasons for Dostoevsky's spiritual rebirth, and also why Dostoevsky believed that it is Russia that will guide Europe. Relying on Zenkowski's fundamental study "The History of Russian Philosophy," the author shows that Dostoevsky was thinking and was looking for solutions to Russia's problems within the framework of the cultural tradition set out by M. Karamzin and P.Chaadaev. The essence of this providential Orthodox concept, its development in Dostoevsky's Diaries of the Writer, as well as in the works of Konstantin Leontiev and Alexander Solzhenitsyn, is considered. The break of this tradition is discussed as a result of the October revolution of the seventeenth year. The following methodology is implemented in the work: problem formulation and situational analysis, cultural and historical reconstruction of ideas, comparative analysis of views, hypotheses, confirmation of their texts by the corresponding authors. As a result of the study, two main results were obtained. First, it was possible to see the socio-political search and decisions of Dostoevsky in a new way, in particular to show what he thought in the framework of the Orthodox providential social concept (tradition). Secondly, it was possible to analyze the very concept and its fate.
Keywords:
spirituality, orthodoxy, problems, revolution, soil, people, tradition, concept, tsar, government
Reference:
Voloshchenko G.G., Sleptsova t.V..
Sport in Cultural Life of Russia at the Turn of the 19th-20th Centuries
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 8.
P. 13-22.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.8.23928 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23928
Abstract:
The relevance of research is connected with non-inclusion of lexeme "sport" as culture component in the passport of scientific specialty 24.00.01 "The theory and cultural history" that has caused the appeal to researches of the domestic and foreign culturologists, philosophers, historians connected with identification of sociocultural component of sport. In article the role and the place of sport in cultural life of Russia at turn of the 19-20th centuries come to light. Object of research - specifics of the Russian sport as sociocultural phenomenon of the pre-revolutionary period. The methodology of the system and axiological approaches used in research, causes inclusion of the examples illustrating reflection of phenomenon of sport in literary works. The main conclusions of the conducted research are the following: The historical retrospective has allowed to reveal the conditions and factors which have exerted impact on genesis and development of amateur and professional sport: many classes, coexistence of traditions of elite and national culture, the outlined democratization of society, introduction of occupations physical culture and sport in programs of educational institutions, influence of the ideas of Olympism and the developing international sports movement. The interest of the nobility and intellectuals in the Western European culture, existence of appliances and free time have caused origin of the gentlemen's sport which has become form of active and respectable leisure and transformed at boundary of the 19-20th centuries of amateur. Development of the market relations has exerted impact on formation of the professional sport which had utilitarian functions and gained development in mass culture. Correlation of the kinds of sport (amateur, military and applied, professional) presented in cultural space of Russia at the turn of the 19th -20th centuries with theories of origin of sport allows to explain current trends sport development variety as the phenomena of mass culture.
Keywords:
sport in art, competitions, leisure, intellectuals, nobility, professional sport, amateur sport, culture, staginess, sport festivalization
Reference:
Vorontsova E.A..
National Literature – Literature Museums – Encyclopedia of «Literary Museums in Russia»: Problem of Memory and Oblivion
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 6.
P. 96-112.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.6.23333 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23333
Abstract:
In her article Vorontsova presents the results of analyzing a list of encyclopedia articles 'Literary museums in Russia' and provides statistical data depending on regions and main groups of literary museums in 2016. These museums are considered to be institutions of culture, system, information system, and institute of social memory. The author gives a regional dimension of statistical data. The author shows how literary museums represent national literature. Attention is paid to the importance of the personality, as well as museum exposition and shows the danger of actions that lead to the loss of memory and increase of entropy. The author has applied the interdisciplinary approach, methods of museology, cultural studies, literary studies, and comparative-historical method; she has also analyzed of the list of encyclopedia articles as a source of information. The author shows that Museum presents literature as a phenomenon of the relatively recent past, that the memory of it is fragmented and contains significantly fewer names, their set differs from a set in the history of literature, because it has almost no styles and genres.
Keywords:
encyclopedia, memory, literary museum, literature, phenomenon of museum, cultural history, museology, cultural studies, list of articles encyclopedia, statistics on museums
Reference:
Kornelyuk T., Kuligovskiy I..
Musical Forecast of Frederic Chopin: Thoughts on the Mystery of The Second Ballade (Based on the Studies of Russian Musical Researchers)
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 4.
P. 60-71.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.4.18240 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18240
Abstract:
The object of this research article is The Second Ballade by Frederic Chopin devoted to Robert Schumann. The subject of the research is the three mysteries of The Ballade: the mystery of program nature, the mystery of musical form and the mystery of dedication. The purpose of the present article is to analyze opinions of other researchers on these mysteries based on the study of Russian musical researches. The Balade has been studied from very different points of view in the history of Russian music. Noteworthy that the questions about the program nature and musical form are quite common while the question about dedication is usually ignored. It is merely mentioned that The Balade was devoted to Robert Schumann and that it all. Nevertheless, this is also a very important question. According to the authors of the present article, the dedication of The Balade is the key to understanding its musical contents. In their research the authors have applied the comparative and hermeneutical approaches. They also offer their own interpretation of these three Chopin's mysteries. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors introduce an original hypothesis that The Second Ballade of the Polish composer can be interpreted as a musical forecast about Robert Schumann's life and death. According to this approach, The Ballade's dedication is viewed as a program of the composition. Alternation of contrast musical images is viewed as a psychological portrait of the German composer reflecting the change of his moods. The moving musical form is thus a compositional modulation of one three-part form into the other with the victory of the second image over the first image and viewed as a forecast because it predicts the result of Robert Schumann's struggle against his sickness. The results of the research of Frederic Chopin's The Second Ballade reveal new opportunities for researches of this composition as well as offer new approaches to interpreting ballades.
Keywords:
musical form, compositional modulation, dedication, comparative approach, hermeneutics, musical forecast, program nature, ballade, Robert Schumann, Frederic Chopin
Reference:
Kayumova N.A., Kurban E.N..
Revival of Cultural Heritage: The Case Study of the Restoration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God Church (the Settlement of Upper Avzyan in the Beloretsky Region, Republic of Bashkortostan)
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 3.
P. 118-130.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.3.20375 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20375
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the revival of cultural monuments of the Southern Urals architecture of the 18th - 19th centuries. The purpose of the research is to define and analyze historical regional and project documents of restoration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God Church (located in the settlement of Upper Avzyan, Beloretsky Region, Republic of Bashkortostan), to reveal peculiarities of the architectural style, to analyze the location and compositional architectural solution in terms of church building traditions of the Southern Urals, to define chronological borders of the history of the cultural monument and emphasize the importance of Dmitry Benardaki's charity in restoration of the temple. The research methods: this interdisciplinary research is devoted to the issues of cultural, historical and architectural nature based on using the methods of comparative historical, typological analysis and on-site inspection of architectural monuments. The result of the research is the description of the problems that arose in the process of restoration the temple such as the absence of project design documents, usage of the hypothesis resotration method, and particularities of carrying out restoration works using modern building materials. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors introduce documents and illustrations of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God Church that have never been mentioned before and describe the reasons why the church was restored according to the classical architectural style of the late 18th - early 19th centuries.
Keywords:
canon, regional cultural traditions, the temples of the Southern Urals, emple architecture, an Orthodox church, revival of cultural monuments, classicism, Roman Doric, restoration, charity
Reference:
Salnikova E.V..
The Interpretation of the Classics in the Theatre and Film: the Phenomenon of Modernizing in Terms of Different Traditions
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 3.
P. 131-146.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.3.22491 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22491
Abstract:
The author, guided by the methods of cultural studies and art history, tries to answer the question about the origin of the phenomenon of radical modernization of classical literature in theater and film. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that the current options for modernizing classics are interpreted not as a departure from traditional aesthetics, but as a return to the lost traditions of performing arts. The article shows the logic of the renewal of the old tradition and the birth of the new meanings. Since the Middle Ages and until the XVIII century, the theatre always modernized the appearance of the characters and pictures from the past. The abstract time and space of "the everlasting" were created in performances, perfect for different gaming situations. In the middle of XIX century material images of the historical past came in the theatre performance. But the trends of historicism are not compatible with the symbolic images of the abstract time and space. So the detailes of modernity came to the stage in classic performances to create the abstract time and space. In the period of the First World war the signs of modernity in Shakespearean performances were inspired with the irony toward the old-fashioned academic aesthetics and the wish to fix the abyss between the social past and the present. So the conceptual modernization of the classics took place. Later the cinema borrowed this aesthetic principle from theatre.
Keywords:
historicism, classicism, costume, modernity, adaptation, abstract time, performance, art tradition, classic, archaeological naturalism
Reference:
Iakovleva E..
Interpretation of The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery in Terms of the Glamorous Social, or Small Trilogy about the Global
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 2.
P. 35-60.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.2.18380 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18380
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the philosophical parable The Little Prince written by Antoine de Saint-Exupery interpreted from three important positions: the childhood, the glamorous social and symbolism. The aforesaid aspects have a global nature not only due to the inclusivity of phenomena but also due to transformations they undergo under the modern conditions. Using expressive means, in The Little Prince Antoine de Saint-Exupery describes the ontology of the childhood with all its purity and spontaneity shoging an active life of a child and his inclusivity as part of the existence. Through the eyes of the child, the writer demonstrates vices of the adult worl and their transformations in real life as a result of the influence of the glamorous ideology being the 'travelling oddity'. According to the researcher, it is possible to overcome the immoralism gaps in the society's intellectual development by the means of interpreting symbolic signs as the revival of the spirit and intellect. The aforesaid problem is presented in a form of a narrative description using dialectical, interpretative and phenomenological research methods and based on the principle of intentional analysis which allows to describe special feautures of this small novel that is written for children but addressed to adults. By analysing the short story of a French pilot, the researcher demonstrates Antoine de Saint-Exupery's talent who enabled the writer to carry the 'crystall of the childhood' through all his life and helped him to describe the world of the child so vividly casting light on the sins of adults and conveying symbolic messages for future generations. The provisions and conclusions of the present research can be used for further research of Antoine de Saint-Exupery's creative work and interpretation of his fiction as well as criticism of the modern socio-cultural environment subject to the influence of the glamorous ideology and analysis of the latter from the point of view of literary works.
Keywords:
bean fantasy, symbol, grain, glamorous social, I-child, I-adult, the world of childhood, glamor ideology, intellectual, ethical
Reference:
Devyatova O.L..
Director's Interpretations of Classical Works in Modern Music Culture (Analysis of Performances Staged at Yekaterinburg's Theatre of Opera and Ballet)
// Culture and Art.
2017. № 1.
P. 57-66.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2017.1.68565 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68565
Abstract:
The object of the research is the problem of director's interpretation of classical opera works as an important topic for the modern music theatre. The subject of the research is the performances staged at Yekaterinburg Theatre of Opera and Ballet in 2013 - 2015 that demonstrated different approaches of modern directors to conveying a composer's message. The author of the article also analyzes creative success and mistakes of directors in their interpretations of opera masterpieces such as Wagner's 'The Flying Dutchman', Chaikovsky's 'Eugene Onegin' and Verdi's 'Rigoletto'. The author notes an interesting solution of the director who staged Wagner's opera, according to the author, it conveyed the composer's message quite well. The author also notes a rather debatable and unsuccessful interpretation of the opera 'Eugene Onegin' and quite credible interpretation of Verdi's message in the opera 'Rigolleto'. The methodological basis of the research mostly includes the cultural approach, historical comparative analysis, cultural and art historical interpretation of musical and theatrical scripts. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author raises the aforesaid problems in terms of modern Russian culture and analyzes the most recent performances staged at one of the most famous Russian theatre groups. The main conclusion made by the author is that directors should be very sensitive and attentive to composers' messages and take into account both peculiarities of their style and general cultural traditions of the time and place of action as well as correspondence of conceptual meanings of classical works to the realities of our days.
Keywords:
composer, theatre, performance, music, concept, interpretation, opera, culture, classical works, director
Reference:
Sokolova A.N..
Transformation of the Genre Model of the Traditional Western Circassians Dance Music
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 6.
P. 812-818.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.6.68502 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68502
Abstract:
The object of the research is the dance culture of Western Circassians living on the territory of modern Adygeya. The subject of the research is dance genres as combinations of musical-instrumental, plot-shaped and plastic components. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the cause of the deformation of the old system of dance genres, reasons, conditions and channels through which "forgotten" or other ethnic genres come into the dance culture generating new meanings in the reconstructed genres. Particular attention is paid to the problem of artistic values in the process of reproduction and generation of new artistic products. The author has used the methods of comparative-typological and systems analysis and empirical methods of participant observation and informal interviews with cultural figures. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author brings forth the problem associated with the attempt to define the genre-style dance music model of Western Circassians and analyzes causes and conditions of social and cultural changes that caused the formation of the new system of dance music. The main conclusion of the research is the statement of the fact that the gendre model of dance music of Western Circassians was renewed by developing the forgotten, borrowing and processing other ethnic artistic heritage. Noteworthy that people usually accept something new if it is perceived as succession or inheritance, i.e. what is understandable for the modern society, promotes spiritual potentials of the society and expresses social collective unconscious.
Keywords:
system transformation, dance circle, genre model, zafak, dghegu, dance culture, Western Circassians, diaspora, peoples of the Caucasus, artistic values
Reference:
Khrenov N.A..
Cinema as an Intertext: From the Myth of the City as the Festive Revelry to the Images of Apocalypse
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 5.
P. 616-623.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.5.68263 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68263
Abstract:
In his article Khrenov attempts to define mythological subtexts that define how particular movies and films created in different periods are perceived by the audience. According to the author, these subtexts have a strong influence on mass consciousness of public, however, public is usually unaware of them. Among other things the content of mass reception includes out-of-cinematographic manifestations of collective unconscious. Mental projections of archetypic images which came into existence in different periods of cultural history and connected with utopian visions, myths, and religious symbols are coming to the fore. Noteworthy that projections on the city are precede the projections of collective unconscious on the cinema; they are transferred into the cinema later on. Finally, the cinema in principal makes a colossal intertext in which cultural history is reflected both in its axial and pre-axial aspects. The scope of analysis comes down to the projections which become realistic already at early stages of cinematography history. To define mythological, folklore and archetypical subtexts of cinematography reception, the author of the article has used methodology of such academic disciplines as receptive esthetics, cultural semiotics, sociology of art, crowd psychology, psychoanalysis and analytical psychology. The main conclusions of the research are the following: a) the structure of the audience of early cinematograph was made up mostly of urban social groups which had folklore stereotypes in their consciousness; b) the city was perceived in accordance with the folklore stereotype of the festive revelry; c) the folklore aura around the city projected by the yesterday's peasant- migrant defines many things including how cinematography is perceived by mass audience. The author's contribution to the topic of cinematography reception is the cinematography perception in terms of the myth of the city that existed in the nonindustrial culture. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author of the article describes specific archetypes including religious archetypes that exist in the mind of the audience (recipients) and became evident in the process of cinematography perception in the 1900 - 1910s.
Keywords:
myth, folklore, reception, archetype, holiday, utopia, liminality, rite, city, cinematography
Reference:
Mozgovoy D.A..
Ways to Establish the Infrastructure of the Theatre Business in Moscow. Historical Experience
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 4.
P. 443-464.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.4.68081 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68081
Abstract:
A retrospective view on the development of the theatre infrastructure in today's theatre life of our capital has allowed the researcher to suggest an initial hyphothesis that the theatre remains viable and interesting for the audience only if its infrastructure is constantly developing. Consequently, the object of the present research is today's theatre life of Moscow while the subject of the research is the theatre infrastructure and all its elements. In his research Mozgovoy summarizes materials on the matter and attempts to provide a scientific substantiation of the term 'theatre infrastructure' as well as to show its role in todya's theatre life of Moscow. Theoretical concepts and practical recommendations contained in the research can be used during lectures on the management of the scenic art and everyday activity of theatre organisations, in particular, developing the theatre marketing policy. The results can be also used in the practice of administrative authorities working in the field of culture. The main research method is based on the interdisciplinary approach to solving the aforesaid tasks and systemic search for the proof of the above hypothesis which made the author to appeal to researches and findings in the spheres of cultural studies, social studies, theatre history, economics and marketing. The methodological basis of the research includes publications and researches of leading economists, sociologists and theatre experts raising topics associated with the aforesaid hypothesis and analyzing the problems relating to the theatre infrastructure. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author appeals to the problem of developing the theatre infrastructure in termsm of the socio-cultural process. 1. The term 'theatre infrastructure' is defined by practical experience, derives from economics, follows systemic 'requirements' and has its own conceptual characteristics related to specific features of the theatre business. 2. The theatre infrastructure is a constantly renovating and developing substance which development directly depends on the status of the theatre life and free functioning of the theatre system and which contents depend on the theatre process in general providing that all elements of the system are stable. 3. The theatre infrastructure is determined by a range of interrelated and coordinated elements that constitute the theatre life. 4. Development of the theatre infrastructure directly depends on the development of the theatre business and historically has been regulated by two forces, self-organisation and government.
Keywords:
marketing, theatre studies, sociology of art, theatre history, theatre reform, organisation, management, infrastructure, theatre, art
Reference:
Gorbunova M.Yu..
Mehter Millitary Band in the Ottoman Miniatures
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 3.
P. 321-329.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.3.67823 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67823
Abstract:
The subject of the present research is the historical millitary orchestra Mehter depicted in Ottoman miniatures of the 16th - 18th centuries. The illustrative material consisting of 25 samples of Ottoman miniatures depicting the musicians of the Mehter band located in archives and museums of Turkey served as the empirical base of the research. In accordance with the objectives the author has reviewed and analyzed images of the band in the millitary campaign scenes, ceremonial rites, as well as in the scenes of the palace festivals and celebrations. In her research Gorbunova has used the historical and semiotic methods as well as the field survey. The scientific novelty of the work is caused by the fact that based on the Ottoman miniatures for the first time there the author has conducted a semiotic analysis of the composition of the orchestra, used musical instruments and identified the role and place of Mehter in the cosmos of Ottoman Turks. The study revealed that Mehter millitary band has a special place in Turkish culture, being one of the dominant features of the spiritual space of the Turkic world. During the military campaigns the orchestra does not only set up the army to victory but also plays the role of a certain religious talisman, "shield" that protects the Sultan and his army. During the court events orchestra seems to guide a higher power at ceremonies and rituals occupying a middle position between the divine and the earthly. Thus, Ottoman miniatures are not only a chronicle of Ottoman history but also represent the Turkic cosmos formed by the religious vertical and ethnic nomad horizontal. The results of the study will be useful in the preparation of lectures on Turkic studies, cultural studies and art history.
Keywords:
nomadism, cultural symbol, cultural cosmos, musical instruments, Turkish culture, Mehter, millitary band, Ottoman miniature, military campaigns, circle
Reference:
Kaminskaya E.A..
Amateur Performances as One of the Factors of Traditional Folklore Actualization
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 2.
P. 195-204.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.2.67607 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67607
Abstract:
In her article Kaminskaya touches upon potentials of amateur performances in the process of actualization of traditional folklore. The researcher describes activities of amateur talent groups from the point of view of their orientation at folklore culture and traditional folklore as an important element. The author also analyzes possibilities of amateur performances to actualize traditional folklore. The author demonstrates that as part of the amateur talent group activities, actualization of traditional folklore requires special training in the spheres of folklore culture, amateur performances and contemporary culture in general. By using the method of exemplification, the author demonstrates different variants of amateur groups' appealing to folklore based on actual examples. The comparative descriptive method has also allowed the author to examine orientation of amateur talent groups at different elements of folklore culture. As a result of the analysis, the author makes a conclusion that amateur talent groups demonstrate stable patterns of appealing to folklore traditions such as performance of folklore in its authentic variant and artistic transformation, inclusion of folklore in a wider stage play, creation of works in the 'folklore' style and a wide demonstration as part of creative activities.
Keywords:
traditional folklore, folklore culture, artistic culture, amateur performances, orientation at folklore, amateur talent groups, festivals, contests, concert performances, folklore ritual actions
Reference:
Skorobogacheva E.A..
The Art of Vyg Monastery. To the Problem of Determining the Phenomenon of the Old Believers in the Culture of the Russian North
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 1.
P. 74-82.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.1.67330 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67330
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the fine art of the Vyg Monastery. The object of the research is the phenomenon of the old believers in the culture of the Russian North. During the research particular attention was paid to identifying the concepts of sustainability and modernization of the old believer traditions in the art of the North. It is proved that for all the controversy, the impact of the old believers on the culture of Northern Russia was positive, in particular, it extended the range of artistic traditions of the region. In her research Skorobogacheva has studied the factors contributing to the spread of Northern art beyond the marginal land: in the Urals, Siberia, the Volga region and Central Russia. In this research it was necessary to use an integrated and multidisciplinary approach. Special research methodology involved the holistic approach, which is based on the ideas of system analysis. When working on specific research tasks, the author relied on the following methods of research: 1. art criticism analysis of works that it is important to understand figurative, ideological solutions and to identify their artistic language; 2. in matters of attribution comparative technical and technological methods are important because they allow to describe the classification and specifics of a particular monument. 3. historical-ethnographic method which encourages the research of old believers ' art samples and analysis of Russian traditions and symbolic meanings therein. The main results of the research are: 1. proof of the the importance of the Vyg Monastery as an artistic centre of the Russian North; 2. determination of the uniqueness of the phenomenon of the old believers in the historical-cultural and religious-philosophical environment, both in the North and far beyond its borders; 3. description of the significant role of the old believers in the distribution of the Northern traditions in most regions of Russia.
Keywords:
Ural, vectorvest, old believers, Vyg, Russian North, art, painted icons, cast copper icons, ornaments, Volga Region
Reference:
Artem'eva O.V..
Nonresistance to Evil as a Commandment and Practical Senses Thereof
// Culture and Art.
2016. № 1.
P. 83-95.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2016.1.67331 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67331
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of ethical and philosophical interpretations of the commandment of non-resistance to evil (Matthew 5, 38-41). Along with the two main approaches to interpretation of the commandment (1) as an absolute law that implies an unconditional refusal from a forceful resistance to all kinds of evil; or 2) as a limited rule inferior to the imperative of resistance to evil, the author of the present article describes the third approach to the problem. Within the framework of this research, the commandment is interpreted as a demand for active resistance to evil. The research provides a thorough analysis of the second and third approaches to the problem based on Leo Tolstoy's works and Joseph Brodsky's essays. In her research article Artemieva reconstructs and studies arguments offered by the aforesaid two approaches. The author defines peculiarities of Leo Tolstoy's and Joseph Brodsky's positions and carries out their comparative analysis. The author concludes that even though Tolstoy and Brodsky initially had opposite attitudes to the commandment of nonresistance to evil, both authors insisted that evil must have been resisted. Even though Tolstoy urged not to resist the external evil, he underlined how important it was to struggle against evil inside man himself. Brodsky disagreed and demonstrated that a refusal from all kinds of evil (both internal and external forms) expands the territory of evil, and nonresistance to evil is not always flawless from the moral point of view. The main conclusion of the article says that the humanistic value of the idea of nonresistance to evil can be defined by the fact that it is a complex problem which does not have simple solutions.
Keywords:
evil, commandment of non-resistance to evil, nonviolence, nonresistence, Leo Tolstoy, Joseph Brodsky, good, morality, Hugo Grotius, ethics
Reference:
Knyazhitskaya, T. V..
Vladimir Grishaev as the First Stained
Glass Artist in the Chuvash Republic
// Culture and Art.
2015. № 2.
P. 187-197.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2015.2.66074 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66074
Abstract:
The research subject of the article is the stained glass created by a Soviet architecture
artist Vladimir Grishaev (1951 – 1999) in the 1970th– 1990th. During that period he created over 30
pieces of art for all kinds of official buildings and public facilities in Cheboksary, the capital of the
Chuvash Republic. Today Vladimir Grishaev can be considered to be the first stained glass artist
of Chuvashia because stained glass had been practically unknown before him in that republic. The
author of the article examines the artist’s stained glass since the period when Grishaev was an art
student till the last years of his life. The research method used by the author is the art history analysis
of particular artworks combined with the historical analysis of the phenomenon of stained glass art
in the USSR. This article is the first one in the academic literature to discuss the topic of stained glass
in Vladimir Grishaev’s creative work. The main conclusions are the following: Vladimir Grishaev’s
artwork is undoubtedly valuable and reflect the spiritual life of a talented artist as the representative
of his epoch.
Keywords:
Vladimir Grishaev, stained glass, art, USSR, art in architecture, Cheboksary, the Chuvash Republic, stained glass artist, history, decorate art.
Reference:
Rozin, V. M..
The Meaning of Discussions of the Future in Science
Fiction in the Second Half of the 20th Century
// Culture and Art.
2015. № 1.
P. 60-70.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2015.1.65881 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65881
Abstract:
The subject of research is the discussion of the popularity of science fiction in the second half
of the 20th century which faded away by the end of the last century after creating the fantasy genre. At
first the author analyzes how fiction is interpreted and reconstructed in general and how their meaning
is explored. Rozin shows that science fiction performed the two tasks. Firstly, it released the historical tension
of the 60th and allowed to fulfill the myths of those times in a form of art. Secondly, it took the reader
to the reality where, no matter how strange it may seem, those myths and expectations were falsified and
uncovered. At the end of the article Rozin explains the reasons why science fiction decayed as a genre. According
to the researcher, writers and science fiction authors depleted and to a significant extent falsified
the main scientific myths and expectations of those times. Moreover, it became obvious that fulfillment
of many aspirations of the humankind that appeared in the mid 60th (outer space exploration, replacement
of humans with robots and nature management) would be achieved only in a distant and uncertain
future. The research described in the article was based on a number of methods such as problematization,
historical reconstruction (genetic analysis), comparative analysis as well as methodology of the humanitarian
approach. The main conclusions made by Rozin are the following. As a literary genre, science
fiction has undergone through certain stages of development and performed important functions in the
cultural environment of those times allowing a representative of certain culture to achieve his aspirations
and implement his values. When the latter were partially devalued and achieved and the time offered
new problems and challenges, science fiction went off the scene.
Keywords:
Science fiction, fantasy, cycle, fulfillment, myths, values, genre, piece of work, completion, human.
Reference:
Shilova, O. E..
Activity of UNESCO
in the Sphere of Art Education
// Culture and Art.
2015. № 1.
P. 71-78.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2015.1.65882 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65882
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the activity performed by UNESCO in the sphere of art education.
The author of the article analyzes the goals of creating such a policy of UNESCO as well as particular
activities and events organized within the framework of international cooperation in the sphere of art
education. The author also studies recommendations and guidelines of UNESCO in the sphere of education
in general and art education in particular. Shilova describes UNESCO programs aimed at development
of art education and identifies why the international cooperation policy was created in the sphere
of art education. Based on the analysis of UNESCO documents, the author defines the following reasons
for creating the aforesaid policy: development of creative thinking; growth of social peace, tolerance
and mutual respect and a growing contribution to sustainable development. Shilova also emphasizes the
two functions of art education that were conceptualized in UNESCO documents: instrumental function
of art education, i.e. using art as a mean and method of teaching general disciplines, and the function of
creating the picture of the world. Based on the author, documents prepared by UNESCO to be used in the
sphere of art education have rather insignificant influence on national educational programs due to their
non-regulatory nature. At the same time, Shilova focuses on the implementation of particular projects
under the guidance of UNESCO which still turned out to be quite efficient.
Keywords:
UNESCO, international relations, art education, international cooperation, art, education, recommendations, observatories, principles, projects.
Reference:
Rozin, V. M..
Tutor’s Teaching as the Point of Development
of Modern Culture and Assistance
of Personal Growth
// Culture and Art.
2014. № 6.
P. 668-679.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2014.6.65704 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65704
Abstract:
The author of the present article views tutor’s teaching as the point of development of modern
culture and assistance of personal growth. Other points of cultural growth are creative activity of personality
and society as well as particular social practices. The researcher analyzes the following situation that makes it
necessary to form a new practice: teaching is growing more and more focused on personal growth, however,
a great variety of personality types creates new problems; teachers and scientists more and more often come
to the conclusion that a traditional concept of a school student as an ‘average individual’ does not work. All
children are different and have their own way of socialization and ‘evolutionary development’), therefore it is
important to take into account not only individual personal differences but also individual development pathways
of different personality types. The researcher compares the two interpretations of the tutor’s position at
school. Noteworthy that the author accepts and discusses the approach which is close to the post-modernistic
concept and which he calls ‘humanitarian methodological’ approach when a tutor diligently plans his own
work and uses different knowledge and practices (on human, personality growth and development, anthropological
practices and technologies and etc.). The main research method and methodology used by the author
of the article is the situation analysis, problematisation, methodological schematization and scenario
planning as well as case analysis. As a result, the author outlines the range of problems in tutor’ teaching as
the point of development of modern culture and has creates a new teaching approach used by a tutor. The
author views tutoring not only s an example of real-time social innovations. According to the author, this
practice should be also viewed and studied as the point of development of modern culture.
Keywords:
Tutor, teaching, personality, culture, creativity, practice, crisis, movement, growth, development.
Reference:
Khrenov, N. A..
Modernization Processes At the Turn
of the XX–XXI Centuries and the Future
of Traditional Values
// Culture and Art.
2013. № 5.
P. 544-555.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2013.5.63369 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63369
Abstract:
The article contain an attempt to interpret the future of traditional culture under the conditions
of globalization and ongoing modernization in Russia. To clarify this issue, the author focuses on the historical
aspect of the problem. Modernization already has a long history. It has been developing throughout the
XX century, including within the framework of realization of the social Utopia. However, this Utopia was just
one of the variants of implementation the ‘project of Modern’ as it is called in modern philosophy. The process
of formation and implementation of that project was quite a disadvantage for traditional values. Modernization
was developed within the framework of the world perception of Modern. However, there were moments
of revival of traditional culture which was always based on the Romanticism tradition. That tradition is still
topical. It allows to soothe the negative processes provoked by modernization.
Keywords:
cultural research, traditional culture, folklore consciousness, collective consciousness, modernization, sacral and secular, industrial civilization, archetype, globalization, identity.
Reference:
E.A. Skorobogacheva.
Evolution of the image of St. Nicholas in
the arts of Russian North
// Culture and Art.
2013. № 3.
P. 306-313.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2013.3.62831 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=62831
Abstract:
the article traces the evolution of the
image of St. Nicholas in the arts of Russian
North. The author characterizes the works of
iconography, copper casting, sewing, architecture,
sculpture, easel painting of XII-XIX centuries
and analyzes the potential for researching
the Russian North iconography (both, painted
and copper). The author consequently examines
the genesis, the evolution of iconography of
the Saint, stylistic changes, technical and technological
traits of a number of works, paying
close attention to their attribution and novelty
in terms of iconography. The author also demonstrates
the correlation of conservatism (tradition)
and novelty in iconography and draws a
conclusion that the image of St. Nicholas, which
has great significance for Russian North, was
very close to the people and became an inseparable
part of peasant art (with broad variety of
individual interpretations). The author points
out the following tendencies: firm and timeless tradition, tracing all the way back to religious
and philosophical teachings of the Byzantine, as
well as the more demotic sources; the low significance
of change in iconography with visible
stylistic evolution; stability of the religious and
philosophical image, preservation of the artistic
calligraphy of the Saint’s image in folklore.
Keywords:
history of arts, St. Nicholas, evolution, image, iconography, genesis, lead casting, architecture, sculpture.
Reference:
Ostaptseva, V. N..
Cultural Dialogue between Russia and Poland in Literary
Journal ‘Moscow Telegraph’ (1826–1829): A Lesson
for Modernity
// Culture and Art.
2013. № 2.
P. 185-189.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2013.2.62492 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=62492
Abstract:
Natinal culture is formed by creative individuals.
Participation of Adam Mickiewicz in the Moscow Telegraph
Journal and interest of Russian writers for creative
work of this Polish poet and Polish culture in general was
caused by adoption of general cultural values. The main
principle of participants in a cultural dialogue is that love
for truth should be more than love for one’s motherland.
In the century of literature centrism literature was seen as
a field for uniting two nations and two cultures. Dialogue
between Russian and Polish cultures within the framework
of a literary journal, based on Mickhiewicz, was the key to
understanding between the two ‘related nations’ as well as
in other spheres of human activities. Romantic consciousness
has a historical memory about the union of the common
Slavic roots of Polish and Russian nations and moreover
even a deep memory about the common soul that was
not divided based on national characteristics. It is our duty
to keep this experience of international communication
discovered by publicists at early XIX century who truly believed
in cultural (Slavic and Christian) unity as the basis
of relations between Poland and Russia.
Keywords:
cultural studies, dialogue, natioal culture, Adam Mickiéwicz, Moscow Telegraph, romanticism, transfer, literature-centrism, values, memory.
Reference:
Baldina, O. D..
Objective-Material World of National Culture
in the Sphere of Modern Communication:
Contact Areas
// Culture and Art.
2013. № 1.
P. 61-73.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2013.1.62086 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=62086
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the problem of
traditional national culture as a ‘new’ cultural reality.
The author analyzes the forms of national arts
and crafts as continuation of the cultural tradition
in a rapidly globalizing world, implementation of the
processes of collective and individual identifi cation and its interactions with other layers of national arts
and crafts. The discussion is based on the materials of
the exhibition ‘Modern National Art. Traditions and
Modern Age’ held in 2008 in Vologda as well as the
conference ‘Theory and Practice of National Art in
Post-Perestroyka Period’ held at Stroganov Moscow
State University of Arts and Industry as part of Voronov
readings (Moscow, 2010).
Keywords:
cultural studies, history of art, national culture, objective and material world, globalization and glocalization, national work crafts, ethnical processes, layers of national culture, identity, tradition.
Reference:
Kondrakov, S. A..
Longing for the Golden Age in George Moor’s Novel
‘Confession of a Young Man’
// Culture and Art.
2012. № 4.
P. 57-61.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2012.4.61221 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=61221
Abstract:
Longing fo the Golden Age is becoming one of the
most important elements of cultural reß ection at the turn of
centuries. A bright example is a novel written by an English
and Irish author George Moor (1852–1933) called ‘Confessions
of a Young Man’ (written in 1888). Describing the years spent
by the author in Paris, this novel raises a unique cultural issue
depicted by Moor as longing for the lost harmony of abundant
life free of the tyrany of time and morals.Being compared with
the modern age, the Golden Age image acualizes the motive of
‘cultural unsatisfaction’ which allows to view ‘Confesssions of a
Young Man’ in terms of Modern mythopoetics.
Keywords:
cultural studies, George Moor, culture, literature, symbolism, naturalism, decadance, modern, novel.
Reference:
Kenya, I. A..
A Revival of Charity Traditions:
Experience of One Region
// Culture and Art.
2012. № 1.
P. 42-44.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2012.1.59042 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=59042
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the Bryansk regional
social charity Fund of Mogilevtsev Brothers. The purpose of
the Fund is to revive charity traditions. The article describes
the region’s experience in revival of the Russian spiritually
and charity traditions and characterizes the Fund’s main
activities and cultural actions.
Keywords:
cultural studies, charity, patronship, revival, traditions, charity fund, the Mogilevtsevs, the Tenis hevs, Gubonin, Maltsov.
Reference:
Shulepova, E. A..
Interaction between the Museum and Society as a
Socio-Cultural Issue
// Culture and Art.
2011. № 5.
P. 61-64.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2011.5.58645 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=58645
Abstract:
The article empathizes that historically we
have various forms of museum in Russia (private, institutional
and state museums). The latter has been the
most universal form but this form is not mobile enough.
In practice, it is important to combine museum’s extra
system functions allowing to work with different social
classes with system functions which have been historically
related to organization of the museum’s interior life. Such
an approach has already brought us to the fact that today
the leading Russian museums do not seem to be some kind
of reservation or cultural necropolis. Quite on the contrary,
they are part of local historical and cultural environment.
Keywords:
cultural studies, heritage, society, museum, forms of the museum, extrasystem functions, system functions, social memory, historical and cultural environment, culture.
Reference:
Zhidkov, V. S..
On Specifi city of Historical Research of Culture
// Culture and Art.
2011. № 2.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2011.2.58115 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=58115
Abstract:
The article is devoted to requirements for scientifi c
criteria in the social theory. For this purpose the author of the
article analyzes the historical process, in particular, history
of culture, from the point of view of a system-synergetic
approach. The author studies the role of mentality in the
historical process and touches upon various aspects of the
question whether there are or there are not certain objective
laws in the historical development of the society.
Keywords:
The article is devoted to requirements for scientifi c criteria in the social theory. For this purpo, in particular, history of culture, from the point of view of a system-synergetic approach. The author studies the role of mentality in
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