Abstract: The article presents the results of a study conducted by the authors with the support of the Russian Science Foundation grant "Architects and engineers of the eastern outskirts of Russia (second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries)". The features of a significant layer of regional wooden architecture, preserved in the capital of the Trans-Baikal Territory - the city of Chita, are considered. Based on the materials of field surveys and the State Archives of the Trans-Baikal Territory, the preserved objects and original designs of a number of buildings and structures for various purposes were studied. The wooden architecture of the city is viewed through the prism of the activities of the first city architects and engineers, as well as other masters of the building art who received professional education in the leading architectural and engineering schools of central Russia, as well as specialists who did not have a specialized education, but received the right to carry out architectural and construction work after passing exams at the Ministry of Construction Affairs in St. Petersburg. As a result, a complete systematized picture of the historical evolution of the wooden architecture of Chita was compiled, which was formed under the influence of all-Russian architectural traditions, but at the same time had its own distinctive features associated with the specifics of the development of the region and the personal ideas of the masters of architectural and construction art, as well as customers of architecture of this type.

Keywords: engineers, architects, heritage, wooden buildings, architecture, history, Chita, Transbaikalia, building art, designs

Abstract: This work is devoted to identifying and defining the features of the formation of the planning structure of the city of Changchun at the end of the 19th– first third of the 20th century, which in a relatively short time transformed from a small settlement into the capital of the pro-Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. The object of the study is the urban development of the city of Changchun in the period under review. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the influence of Russian and Japanese architects on the development of the structure of the general plan of the city. In the course of the work, the main stages of the development of the planning structure of the city against the background of socio-cultural, economic and political changes affecting Manchuria are analyzed. The history of the settlement formation and its development within the framework of the traditional Chinese urban planning school based on the modular system and the formation of the "Chinese square" is briefly considered. The stage of Changchun's development as a Russian station of the Kuancheng is considered in more detail, where the city developed in accordance with the standard development of the 4th Class railway stations. The analysis of the Japanese period of development, characterized by a gradual increase in the status of the city, due to its nodal position, uniting the CER and the SMR. The stage of development of the urban planning structure as the capital of Manchukuo Xinjing was studied, when a comprehensive development plan was developed based on the latest developments of Japanese architects.

Keywords: Manchukuo, Manchuria, SMR, CER, Xinjing, Changchun, Kuanchengtze, urban planning, architecture, China

Abstract: This article examines the problem of historical-cultural significance of virtual reconstructions of places of commemoration and creation of digital museums in the context of spatial turn in cultural sciences. “Places of commemoration” are viewed not only as the objects of virtual reconstruction, but also as the sources of social constructs and social practices, as the elements of cultural capital of the city. In this vein, the projects of digital museums can be viewed as the program for creation of commemorative environment, which in turn, contributes to formation and development of the sense of solidarity in the society. An interdisciplinary approach is realized through the use of methodology of historical and culturological studies, with consideration of the so-called spatial turn in cultural sciences, as well as technologies of virtual design and mathematical modeling. Formation of commemorative environment and civil identity is intensified by any form of reference (including virtual space) to the places of commemoration as to the landmarks of social memory and tradition, key components of historical capital of the city. The projects of virtual reconstruction (creation of digital museum) of memorial places using software platforms with an open code OpenSimulator should be perceived as “augmented reality” of historical capital of the city.

Keywords: social construct, commemoration, cultural anthropology, historically significant areas, virtual modeling, spatial turn, social memory, memorial places, urbanistics, solidarity

Abstract: The subject of this research is the historical stages of creation of the beautification elements of urban environment of the city of Magnitogorsk. The object of this research is the periods of construction of recreational system objects since the XX century until the present. The authors examine such aspects of the topic as construction of recreational areas at each development period; all engineering and construction works at each historical stage pursued the key goal – quickest possible construction and bringing into service the largest metallurgical plant.  The authors propose a method of historical periodization of formation of recreational structures since the late XX century until the presents. The main conclusions lies in the results of analysis of beautification level of urban territories at different stages of its development. The elimination of such flaws would lead to a truly comprehensive beautification and creation of full-scale in functional, constructive, planning and artistic regard urban environment. The main factors of rational organization of a comfortable urban environment are determined.

Keywords: current condition, urban environment, territory, public purpose, recreation system, comfort of living, landscaping, spatial environment, recreation of Magnitogorsk, metallurgical enterprise

Abstract: This article explores the theoretical considerations of the project of historical-cultural reconstructions of the “sites of commemoration” realized by the means of virtual modeling technologies. The project of the virtual reconstructions of “sites of commemoration” is viewed as a megaproject; as a program for creating commemorative environment, protection of tradition and social memory; as a source of materials for geocultural branding of the territory; as well as a relevant source for the development of solidary relations in modern society. Such subject of research requires comprehensive methodology. The author underlines the use of interdisciplinary approach in carrying out the virtual reconstruction projects; methods, technologies and materials provided by historical science, theoretical considerations of cultural anthropology, culturology and urban studies; data and results of mathematical modeling and virtual engineering. The original matrix of sociocultural objectives of each particular project of virtual modeling of the “sites of commemoration” maximally contributes to the development of certain cultural environment, methods and technologies of theoretical and applied fields of knowledge, as well as interdisciplinary collaboration. Historical material, processed with the help of virtual modeling technologies, including OpenSimulator 0.9.0 software, acquires a significant from the historical-cultural and cultural-anthropological perspective status of humanitarian megaproject. Digital museum, as an ultimate goal of the project, is the means for reviving memory and creating a complex of commemorative practices.

Keywords: culturology, history, megaproject, historically significant areas, virtual modeling, social memory, memorial places, cultural anthropology, urbanistics, solidarity

Abstract: Since the end of the XX century, there has been observed a vigorous activity of the Russian Orthodox Church related to the revival of church construction traditions in Russia. Determination of the level of construction activity among Orthodox population is one of the most relevant questions in studying Orthodoxy overall. The author examines the dynamics of quantitative changes of churches across the territory of Yeniseian Siberia (modern Krasnoyarsk Krai) as one of the criteria for assessing the church construction activity of Orthodox population of the region. The goal of this research lies in describing the general picture of emergence and development of church construction in the territory of Yeniseian Siberia during the XVII-XXI centuries. The importance of this study is defined by the need to obtain an accurate picture of the prerequisites and modern church construction processes taking place within the boundaries of one of the largest Russian provinces. The author analyzes the history of construction of the church objects in accordance with the following characteristics: pace and volume of construction within the chronological framework of research; areas of allocation of the objects across the territory of Yeniseian Siberia; types of objects; construction materials; number of altars; affiliation to the objects of cultural heritage. The article reflects the overall picture of the dynamics of church construction in Yeniseian Siberia during the XVII-XXI centuries.  

Keywords: Сhurch, Cultural heritage, Krasnoyarsk region, The Yenisei Siberia, The modern Church, Church building, Religious building, Modern construction, Orthodox church, Dynamics of construction

Abstract: Based on the example of typological and art analysis of the mansion of P. I. Gadalov (currently Krasnoyarsk State Art Museum named after V. I. Surikov), the article reveals broad sociocultural opportunities of this architectural work. The modern state documents that determine the strategy of the Russian cultural policy, sets the priority for the development of regional monuments of cultural heritage. The work leans on the typological method of art study, as well as the method of philosophical-art analysis of architectural compositions as the space of interaction between the audience and the versatile world, manifesting in peculiarities of the external and internal arrangement of the construct and specificity of communication between man and the structure. The conclusion is made about the ability of the objects of cultural heritage of the regional level to represent not only the relevant for the tome of its creation artistic and cultural phenomena of the local importance, but also all-Russian and global, including from other historical eras. This research can serve as the instrument for establishment of the program of realization of the determined meanings in urban and sociocultural environments of Krasnoyarsk in creation of the “Museum Quarter” project.

Keywords: cultural heritage, museum practice, art space, Petr Gadalov, Vasily Surikov, Estate Museum, Art Museum, Krasnoyarsk, urban space, regional identity