Abstract: The article is devoted to a complex of problems regarding efficiency improvement in the sphere of analysis of accountability management for social and economic systems. The authors provide the results of analysis of the key specific features of the methodology for accountability management. The authors single out the main positive features of this approach towards managing social and economic systems. The authors evaluate the main goals and aims, as well as principles for the monitoring organization for the implementation of federal target programs (FTP). The authors discuss the methods for lowering the level of excessive information within the monitoring system, based on a modified system by Marti. The authors provide the main directions for the efficiency improvement for the systems within the class, which is being viewed by them. The authors offer to use scenario approach to solve the management and control goals for the implementation of target programs. The scenario analysis allows to evaluate the integral performance value under the program target management, and the foremost important efficiency marker is the social and economic effect, which was achieved. The authors provide scientific and methodological recommendations for the improvement of the mechanisms of control over implementation of social and economic target programs. The authors offer to organize quality control based upon the markers of industrial and financial — economic efficiency and accountability of the choice of control objects, as well as its intensity level. The offered model for choosing control objects (FTP performers) is based upon the system of control event plans within the established period of time, including the basic and prolonged annual basic plan, as well as operative plans, while development of these plans is based upon the operative information on production and economic activities of performers in the process of FTP implementation.

Keywords: planning, management, target program, efficiency, scenario analysis, imitation model, forecasting, monitoring, control, examination.

Abstract: The inframarginal economics is a rather new division within the economic science, and it is based upon the inframarginal analysis with the attention focused upon the problems of an economic organization. The article discusses the nature of inframarginal analysis, and the theoretical bases, which distinguish inframarginalism from marginalism within the neo-classical economic theory. The author shows importance of the inframarginal approach for the development of the modern economic science. In this article the inframarginal analysis is viewed through the prism of economic theory. The complex study in the perspective of a neo-classical model and the model by A. Smith allows one to draw conclusions on the place of inframarginal analysis in the process of searching for the business solutions. While the neoclassical approach concentrates upon the optimum distribution of limited resources, the inframarginal economy pays attention to the economic organization problems. Many economic goals are not limited to resource allocation, since such an attitude would leave some important economic development issues relating to the type of economic organization outside the scope of analysis. An illustration to the difference between the organizational and distributional criteria may be found in the «deadweight» monopolies, which is a negative factor from the resource allocation standpoint, while it is not that obvious when one is to evaluate the perspectives of scientific technological progress. Finally, the main reason for the changes in the economic development is related to the issues of economic activity organization.

Keywords: inframarginal economics, inframarginal analysis, neo-classical approach, classical model, economic organization, economic science, structural qualities, economic solutions, individual specialization, costs.

Abstract: In this article the author defined the strategic priorities in the state migration policy as a preventive measure against social desadaptation, where the political strategy and tactics were presented as the basis for the migration policy, then the author develops his own draft for the Declaration on Migration Policy of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: political science, migration, adaptation, desadaptation, immigration, emigration, declaration, migration policy, selection, demography.

Abstract: This article reviews the problems of investigating the objective laws of economics and attempts to prove the view that the main economic law — the law of value — has two spheres of operation. A great educational benefit may be derived when analyzing the practice of socialism construction and the problems faced by the economics during that period, as it will help to see into the matter of economic laws and their effect, as well as consequences of their negation or poor interpretation. The thought which prevails in the considerations described above is that the laws have an objective character. However, the idea of the laws being either specific or general is doubtful, as well as the possibility of their limited operation. If an objective law exists, it can never be prevented from operation. The social laws probably face a number of deviating and counteracting factors, and do not provide instantaneous or automatic reaction to the situation. Supposedly, but not necessarily they have been mediated by vigorous human activity which significantly influence the processes and their results. Anyway, a certain perspective shows the objective economic necessity or law in its pure form. The author suggests that the overall equilibrium of economy can be achieved (and its crisis-free progress ensured) only provided that each of the spheres is balanced (the first one as a result of redistribution of property-related rights at the level of a business unit; the second one through the equivalent exchange on the market).

Keywords: objective laws, economics, law of value, marginal utility theory, labour theory, exchange, labour and property, market economy, overall equilibrium., planned economy

Abstract: The character of the production relations in the agricultural sphere in the Western African states, involving foreign and national private capital, as well as the state sector, is such, that they mostly function in the sphere of sales (buying and selling, supply and credit organizations). That is why the author pays special attention to the analysis of the secondary production relations, which in his opinion lessen the demand for the agricultural workforce. The author analyzes special directions of the agricultural evolutions due to the involvement of the foreign capital (green revolution), as well as the ways in which agricultural settlements (farmer settlements, multi-purpose co-operative societies), large mechanized farms, goods turnover co-operatives lower the amount of work needed in the agricultural sector. The author considers that the regulation of the activities of transnational corporations in the modern conditions is implemented by the supranational international political institutions, while the influence of the sovereign states upon the social and economic processes in the society is lessening. The author states that the long-term foreign economic state policy should become a crucial element of the national sustenance development strategy. The author also states that today the economic exchange cannot be brought apart from the sector distribution of production capabilities, structure of consumer system and the priority to the production of material goods, and it also is closely related to irrational use of human and natural resources. That is why in the opinion of the author while the agricultural economies of the Western African states remain at the early stage of capitalism development (turnover capitalism) the trade exchange between the industrial states and African states shall be a defining factor in the existence of unemployment and underemployment of the labor resources in the sphere of agriculture.

Keywords: foreign capital, the United Nations O rga n i z at ion, t he I nt e r n at ion al L ab or Organization, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, direct investments, transnational corporations, employable population, underemployment, green revolution, Western African states.

Abstract: The object of study is organizational and economic relations in the sphere commercial bank management. More narrowly, the author studies the issues of the main vectors for the efficiency improvement of strategic banking management in the current situation, including the following: the use of transfer pricing; introduction of process and cost approaches to bank management, introduction of the BPM — Business Performance Management; reengineering of banking business processes, introduction of organizing technological system of for analytical and informative needs. The author used the following scientific cognitions methods: study and analysis of normative legal basis, analytical method, studies of monographic publications and article. The author offers the following directions for improving the efficiency of banking within the framework of studies of efficiency improvement for the strategic banking management: introduction of banking management standards, efficient benchmarking, efficient management of relations with clients. Introduction and improvement of the abovementioned directions shall facilitate the change in the approaches and methods of strategic banking management as a whole, and it shall also facilitate uncovering positive and negative management features in a specific commercial bank in order to make its work more efficient.

Keywords: commercial bank, strategy, banking management, financial management, strategic management, credit organization management, eff icient ban king management, ban king management improvement, strategic management improvement, competitiveness of the bank.

Abstract: The article includes polemics with the books by Leonid Ionin «Political correctness: brave new world» (2012). L. Ionin has made an attempt of transfer from the empirical and historic description to defining a phenomenon, and from the examples of political correctness to analysis and explanation of its nature. The author defines political correctness as follows: «… it is an ideology of the modern mass democracy, which serves, on one hand, as a substantiation for the domestic and foreign policy of Western states and their unions, and on the other hand, it is used for the suppression of the nonconformity and guaranteeing ideological and value-related consensus». Having analyzed the definition of political correctness and its substantiation, the author of the article points out its contradictions and limitations. The author describes a complicated mechanism of appearance and use of political correctness, taking the Girondist clubs and their role in the French Revolution as an example. The author provides examples of modern criticism and opposition to the political correctness in the mass democracy societies. Then the author offers a novel understanding of the phenomenon of political correctness, its stages and elements within the context of social protest movements.

Keywords: liberal consensus, protest movement, minorities, Leonid Ionin, public opinion, mass democracy, political correctness, political science, Augustin Cochin, ideology.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of a complex of issues regarding efficiency improvement in the sphere of planning and management of an agricultural production. With the use of the apparatus of the graph theory the authors formally define structural and technological reserve for technological operation and technological scheme as a combination of technological operations. The authors also provide the results of the analysis of the key characteristic features of the structural technological reserve, including, cost, efficiency and flexibility. The authors analyze two types of natural climatic reserve in agricultural production. They introduce the definition of two types of environmental and physiological reserve for various emergency situations in agricultural production, as well as hydro-meteorological matters and processes, such as draughts, dry hot winds, over-moistening, influence of lower temperatures, freezing out, water and wind erosion, parasites, plant diseases, etc. The authors provide detailed evaluation of the factors influencing a certain type of reserve, being formally defined as a matrix. Based upon the acquired characteristic features, the authors develop propositions for the use of various types of reserve for re-planning in emergency situations.

Keywords: management, agricultural production, planning, re-planning, structural and technological reserve, natural and climatic reserve, environmental and physiological reserve, emergency situation, graphs theory, monitoring.