Abstract: Using the comparative legal method, the article analyzes the provisions of recently adopted Federal laws regulating, respectively, the production of organic agricultural products and products with improved characteristics (hereinafter referred to as improved products), which are important vectors for the development of a "green" economy in Russia. The purpose of the study is to identify the similarity of these two laws and the main differences between them and to determine the feasibility of the existence of two laws regulating largely identical relations. When writing the article, along with the mentioned comparative legal method, general scientific and special legal methods (analysis, generalization, formal legal, etc.) were used. This made it possible to establish the advantages and legal and technical, as well as substantive shortcomings of the normative legal acts under consideration and to come to conclusions with a certain degree of scientific novelty. In particular, the study showed that both the developers of the Law on Improved Products and many scientists consider improved products as "green", environmentally friendly, i.e. as a kind of organic products, and if this is so, then, in the opinion of the author, there was no need to adopt a Law on improved products. If some relations were still insufficiently clearly regulated, it would be possible to make appropriate changes to the Law on Organic Products (for example, to introduce different types (categories) of such products "according to the degree of their organicity"), rather than adopt a duplicate law. But, assuming that the Law on Improved Products is unlikely to be repealed, the article proposes to more clearly define the range of relations regulated by each of the Laws under consideration, make the concept of improved products more informative, clarify that relations for the production of improved products are regulated not only at the federal level and solve a number of other issues.

Keywords: voluntary certification, regulation, product labeling, greenwashing, legislation, improved characteristics, technical regulation, environmental protection, organic products, agriculture

Abstract: The Institute of Organic Agriculture has outlined the prospects for an increase in organic products on the world market. Now its share is almost one percent. But these prospects were planned back in 2018, before the start of the coronavirus pandemic. At the moment, the increase in organic products of domestic origin is progressing at a rather slow pace. Such a prospect can be realized only with the effective support of the state for farmers and private farms, as well as the adoption of a regulatory framework for the development of organic products. The difficulty also lies in the fact that Russia's regions have a fairly moderate climate. The yields of agricultural products can not be called bad, but the transition to organic farming will significantly reduce the yield of products. Therefore, it is necessary to build up experience and organize training courses for farmers for the production of ecologically-friendly products. Currently, agriculture is based on a public-private partnership. But this system has certain shortcomings, such as corruption and inefficient management of the existing agricultural resources. Peasant (farmer) farms and personal subsidiary farms can rightfully be considered as a promising form of farming in rural areas. But large enterprises can also increase the volume of their products due to contractual relations with small businesses. This can also be cattle fattening, or poultry farming, when handing over finished products from farms and personal subsidiary farms. Moreover, farms and private subsidiary farms always need suppliers. 

Keywords: public administration, agricultural entrepreneurship, rural areas, cooperation, agriculture, agrarian reform, small businesses, organic products, foreign experience, agricultural sector of the economy