Abstract: When we speak of the object of psychology, we simultaneously answer the question what makes it exist as an autonomous science. As far as the subject of psychology is concerned, it is usually formed through methodological ‘faceting’ of the object of psychology. For this purpose, the object is successively applied to different environments where it evokes different kinds of questions and these questions are answered on the basis of just created or previously used theories and methods.

Keywords: psychology, object, subject, term, metaphysics, meaning, content, research, cogitation, psyche.

Abstract: The author views the development of formalized psychological models from a historical perspective. The author traces back the evolution of the relation between abstract mathematical reflection and scientific methodological interpretation of perceived reality in the process of such model establishment. The author shows a different role of mathematics in formalization of objective data obtained through empirical and theoretical approaches. Empirical approach assigns a leading role to mathematical methods that view a phenomenon as a collection of formal features, both significant and insignificant. Theoretical approach studies the contents of a phenomenon and uses mathematical methods only to give a certain shape to such contents. The author also shows how a model of the highest form of psyche is built based on each approach. Psychometric paradigm adopts a universal explanatory principle (association) and natural scientific methods for measuring particular features. It does not study the qualitative features of creativity though. Quite on the contrary, activity paradigm provides a theoretical definition of creativity, defines the nature of creativity as a psychological phenomenon and develops a specific psychological method. Whether such formal model is adequate or not is defined through understanding of the essence of the phenomenon being modeled opposed to description of such model based on measured features.

Keywords: psychology, formalization, model, form, contents, unit, analysis, method, development, paradigm.

Abstract: The article is devoted to some historical and theoretical issues of the definition of happiness. The author of the article studies the grounds based on which the phenomenon of human life should be studied. Special attention is paid at gender aspects of happiness as well as certain factors that play an important role in the feeling of happiness. Such factors include human nature, in particular, the degree of ‘hominization’ of human.

Keywords: psychology, happiness, human happiness, human nature, theories of happiness, prerequisites of happiness, gender differences, psychology of happiness, felicitology, ethnical peculiarities of feeling happy.

Abstract: The image of the solar god-creator — the Eye of Heaven — is typical for many ancient and traditional cultures. But only in ancient Egypt it had a double nature. Masculine image of a demiurge was accompanied with a feminine image named the Holy Eye, a personified goddess, a daughter of Atem and Ra. The origin of such conceptions is viewed from different points of view — history, culture and psychology. Archetype of conflict motives and reunion of gods are studied within the framework of Karl Jung’s analytical psychology. The main purpose of the article is to compare a mythological motive with its psychological contents.

Keywords: psychology, symbols, myth, sun, eye, libido, archetype, self, anima, images.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of psychotherapy with representatives of the anal psychological structure. The author describes certain clinical cases and reveals ways to shake the anal personality. When formulating the general provisions, the author makes references to famous followers of psychoanalysis.

Keywords: psychology, anal personality, psychoanalysis, psychosomatics, psychodrama, guilt, fear, unconsciousness, genitality, opposition.

Abstract: The author of the article makes an attempt to provide scientific and spiritual grounds for introspection, concentration and co-adjustment methods. Concentration means self-collection of mind and nature in the form of a super-consciousness truth. Co-adjustment means the union of one’s mind with his individual consciousness/soul. Psychotherapy of co-adjustment allows to dissolve the energy blocks inside human body and psyche by the force of the higher state of consciousness. The main purpose of psychotherapy is to activate one’s living potentials and to increase the energy level of one’s consciousness so that a body can overcome a disease. The author also discusses the difference of positive psychotherapy from negative psychotherapy. These methods allow to restore broken communications. Increase in the level of consciousness leads to intellectual and spiritual development of human and his somatic, psychic and moral health. These methods of developing the level of consciousness can be used in education, psychotherapy, scientific research and personal development.

Keywords: psychology, introspection, concentration, self-knowledge, co-adjustment, resonance, psychotherapy, mediation, altered state of consciousness, Higher Self.

Abstract: The author of the article raises a question about the nature of vampirism. The author distinguishes the two different images of vampires and analyzes certain features thought to be typical for vampires: ambivalence of image, relation to blood, fatality of fate and etc. The author also compares the image of a vampire with the image of a kosmogual in Vadim Rozin’s novels and makes a hypothesis that modern interest towards vampires is due to the phenomenon of a new selfishness. From this point of view, the two different attitudes to vampires are described: the first one is based on the fear of vampires and the second one is based on certain sympathy and compassion towards them.

Keywords: psychology, vampires, energy, life, death, fear, realization, emotion, consciousness, understanding.

Abstract: The article is devoted to a teaching technology called IntellectT that is used for developing intellectual abilities of school students. The author describes conceptual grounds for this technology and shows its systemic nature. Important part of this technology is a special school discipline IntellectT. The main purpose of this discipline is to develop universal competence and skills. The author explains the structure of such a lesson and provides examples of development tasks for school students.

Keywords: pedagogy, intellectual abilities, development, development tasks, universal competence and skills, IntellectT technology, intellect, school, education, discipline-oriented abilities.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of psychological peculiarities determining destructive behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia. As the research shows, Ego-structures of such personalities have prevailing Ego functions such as deficiency aggression, destructive anxiety, external alienation of Ego and narcissism. The analysis of forms of aggressive behavior (based on Buss and Durkey’s method) shows that the studied group of patients manifests the following forms of aggression: suspicion, verbal aggression and guilt. Among unconscious tendencies and needs of patients suffering from schizophrenia the priorities include such needs as aggression, self-justification, harm-avoid behavior, failure-avoid behavior, understanding and denial. These peculiarities are subject to psychotherapeutic and preventive measures.

Keywords: psychology, aggression, destructive behavior, unconscious personal tendencies, predictors of aggression, Ego structure, projective tested, schizophrenia, needs, Hand-test.

Abstract: The article describes the most popular refractive projective methods. Projective refraction is well shown in speech peculiarities (voice response to stimulus, frequency, timbre, rhythm of speaking words, pauses, and etc.), automatic movements (respiratory rate and rhythm, mimic (facial expression), pantomimicry, handwriting, change in skin color and etc.) and body build (anthroposcopy, metoposcopy and etc.). Refractive methods are based on organized observation, determination and assessment of dynamic and morphological changes in respondents’ body response including their verbal and non-verbal behavior. The author also studies the dependence of emotional tension on personal traits of respondents using the voice analyzer. Psychographic analysis of handwriting is a projective dynamic refractive method of psychological analysis of a respondent’s writing. Metoposcopy involves empiric findings in studying facial forms and features including both morphological features and mimic (facial) expressions. The author also discusses other refractive methods as an example.

Keywords: psychology, projection, refraction, verbal, non-verbal, anthroposcopy, metoposcopy, psychographology, voice, analyzer.