Abstract: This article discusses loneliness phenomenon, its causes and solutions, main approaches to the concept of loneliness in the psychological and pedagogical literature. In addition the loneliness phenomenon is presented as one of most important social problems.There is no generally accepted concept of loneliness phenomenon in science. Thus, this study analyses psychological approaches to the study of loneliness in the works of Russian and foreign researchers. In addition, this term is examined using active-personal, existential-humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, phenomenological and existential approaches for the purpose of definition. It is important to emphasise that most researchers study not only the negative, but also the positive aspects of loneliness. As the problem of this article the process of development of deep personal ideas about the subjective experience of loneliness, associated with the process of integration of this knowledge into the system of social relations were identified. Since there are very few conceptually well-developed descriptions of this phenomenon, this article will make a significant contribution to the development of the conceptual apparatus of loneliness, as well as deepen the understanding of this complex phenomenon.

Keywords: psychological features, solitude, positive loneliness, anomie, psychology, communication, theoretical approaches, foreign researches, loneliness definition, phenomenon of loneliness