Abstract: Learning new languages actively leverages cognitive skills. This is a two-way process since learning affects cognitive functions and learning success depends on cognitive abilities and skills. The sign language of the deaf is a special language, as it unfolds in visual and kinesthetic modalities that are unusual for hearing people. The aim of the work was to study the features of attention, which play a key role in the successful acquisition of sign language by adults with normal hearing. The identified factors can play a predictive role in determining the ability to learn sign language. To achieve the goal, the authors set up an experiment in which volunteers studied sign language. The authors also made three series of measurements, before, during and after training. With the help of a number of techniques, the following components were fixed: unidirectional attention, differentiated attention and attention in terms of interference. The experiment was supplemented by comparative data of the deaf and hearing subjects on the parameter of attention. The study showed that the difference between unidirectional and differentiated attention in a group of deaf respondents is less than in a group of hearing respondents. The gap between unidirectional and differentiated attention is rapidly narrowing in the course of language learning. Initially, it is less for students with good sign language abilities. For mastering the sign language, the key factor is the speed of differentiated attention which can serve as a good prognostic factor. 

Keywords: psycholinguistics, experimental psychology, divided attention, sustained attention, attention, cognitive process, sign language translators, deaf, reaction rate, comparative cognitive science

Abstract: In his research Zakharkin analyzes different kinds of intuition and their diagnostic methods. He studies views on the nature and efficiency of intuitive cognition expressed by such researchers as Nicholas Epley, Oksana Lysenko, Mathias Pessiglione, Daniel Kahneman, Joseph Ryan, and Leonid Vasiliev. Zakharkin also analyzes the classification of intuition kinds offered by Nikolay Lossky and Mario Bunge. The author notes that intuition is a complex multi-level phenomenon which needs to be studied in different conditions and from all sides. The author offers his own approach to diagnostics of intuitive abilities. The purpose of the present article is to provide an insight into different kinds of intuition as well as diagnostic methods. In his research Zakharkin offers the following classification of intuition kinds: locational, scanning, unconscious, coding, voluntary mystical and involuntary mystical intuition. The article also presents the results of the empirical research of the intensity of various intuition kinds demonstrated by students. The author notes that in general students have a well developed sensual and intellectual intuition and while their mystical intuition is quite low.   

Keywords: the sixth sense, levels of intuition, psi-phenomena, development of intuition, classification of intuition, intensity of intuition, research of intuition, diagnostics of intuition, kinds of intuition, intuition

Abstract: The present article is concerned with the problem of gender relations in a family. In addition, the authors also examine the problem of compatibility in a marriage whcih is still an important issue for both theoretical and practical psychology. The authors outline the problem of gender and sex-related stereotypes. They also touch upon the questions of management in a family and satisfaction with the marriage in case of presence/absence of this or that psychological defence mechanism. Special attention is paid to the gender aspect of psychological defence mechanisms in the family and marriage. On the basis of the comparative analysis of men and women some interrelations between satisfaction with the marriage and use of psychological defence were revealed. For example, it was revealed that men use the following mechanisms: "Rationalization", "Denial" and "Regression". Such mechanisms as "Projection" and "Compensation" were found in a group of women. The aforesaid gender differences in the use of psychological defence mechanisms were analysed not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively. It is possible to state that psychological defence mechanisms used by spouses influence family relationships. 

Keywords: gender differences, gender stereotypes, psychological defence mechanism, gender mentality, defence mechanisms, role expectations, psychological defence, satisfaction with the marriage, gender relationship, sexual identification

Abstract: In offered work the area of studied populations is displaced in the direction "not the quite biotic" of populations. The choice of such direction is set in the assumption of possibility of generation by populations of biotics certain the populyatsiobraznykh of objects of not biotic nature, and also, search of explanations of phenomena the ekstravertnykh of manifestations of the advanced biotizm which is beyond ordinary model of biotic population, even at investment of biotics with alarm functions. The research methodology, as well as earlier, consists in consecutive application to any considered populations of the Theory of Ambivalent Generalization. It is necessary to refer nature definition to the key methodical moments кредов - intra population exchange particles, and also, clarification of features of interaction with resources and an other essential environment of population. Discussion of possible contact with populations of a "extraterrestrial" origin, within the Generalization Theory, showed that this approach doesn't create mechanisms of an ekstraordinarnost of a biotizm, reducing its results to standard heterotypical reactions. In further researches it was supposed that "not quite biotic" populations arise only as derivative objects of activity of biotics. Studying of some test populations suitable under definition "not quite biotic", showed existence of these objects in dual space of factors: surrounding space and consciousness - a certain internal attributive mechanism of advanced biotics. Research of test populations showed full compliance of dynamics of such populations of the Theory of Ambivalent Generalization. All "not biotic" objects were given the general name - "ultrabiotics", with a localization place - in "consciousness" of the developed biotics where they arise and exist as objects concepts. Actually, ultrabiotics prove as interface котрагент for development by biotics of surrounding meta-biotic space outside direct contact. Generalization of all space of interaction Ultrabiotikov with world around received the name "Biokosm" in which it is possible to allocate physical, social (population) and abstract subspaces on an object prevalence. For consciousnesses mechanism disclosure, the simplified model of individual "consciousness" of a separate biotic for which realization the model of neural population is used is offered, is more exact: populations the kommensalnykh of attributive logical objects – extract of logical functions of neurons. Conclusions about specific properties of development of logical attributives of neural populations, and about their submission of the Theory of Generalization that allows to declare "consciousness" as about Unikalization's process in population of neurons became result of such approach.In the described ultrabiotic model it is possible to investigate the reason of emergence of two philosophical dialectically irreconcilable doctrines: idealism and materialism.  The dual space of attributes of each ultrabiotic creates the conflict which essence is reduced to the competition of a choice of one of two reference systems: or connected with the interface function between a biotic and the world, or - with function of the internal logical analysis of a biotic. By complex of consecutive consideration of population objects it is shown that the Theory of Ambivalent Generalization is the uniform propeller of development of populations in the direction (The lifeless nature) → (Biotizm) → (Consciousness) → (Biokosm) that is, in fact, the mechanism of expansion of Biotizm in the Universe. The presented picture of Biokosm extending in the Universe in whom in each timepoint and in each point the Theory of Ambivalent Generalization which is the uniform law for all biotic processes is executed, allows to draw a conclusion on existence of the large-scale invariancy created by Generalization that is expressed in fractality of manifestation of Biotizm.

Keywords: ultrabiotics, biotics, ambivalent generalization, consciousness, unums, sense unums, materialism and idealism, biocosm, scale invariance, fractals

Abstract: The article is devoted to the theory of political romanticism created by a famous German philosopher Carl Schmitt (1888-1985). Today Schmitt is famous in Russia as a theorist of state and follower of authoritarian methods in state policy. In his early works he studied the term 'romanticism' and gave his own evaluation of this phenomenon. Today Schmitt's ideas are very popular because he tried to define not only the psychological roots of the term 'romanticism', but also to discover research potentials and practical consequences arising out of that term and playing an important role in social life and politics. The author shows that romantic world perception had a profound influence on spiritual development of Germany and was widely used for creation and theoretical justification of the totalitarian regime in that country. In our turn, we can see that romanticism was typical for Russian politics, too, which resulted in creation of a totalitarian regime in Russia last century. 

Keywords: romanticism, politics, Western Europe, conservative ideas, revolutionary ideas, Germany, traditional society, romantic art, French revolution, individuality