Citations count: 5
Reference:
Krasnyanskaya T.M., Tylets V.G. —
Opportunities of the Scenario Approach to the Development of Personal Psychological Safety
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 67 - 78.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.4.20087 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20087
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Abstract:
The subject of the present research article is the application of the scenario approach to the development of personal psychological safety. In the course of the research the authors have extrapolated opportunities of the scenario approach developed on the basis of economic and political issues to the practice of assisting a patient in developing his or her psychological safety. The scenario approach to the development of personal psychological safety is defined by the authors as a methodological means supporting the creation of the necessary future based on determination and special arrangement of events that are important for a patient as well as means and resources needed for their development. The material presented in the article is based on the results of application of the basic theoretical research methods including analysis and synthesis, analogy, transfer, and generalization. The scientific novelty of the materials presented in the article is caused by the fact that the authors offer their own interpretation of the scenario approach in terms of the development of personal psychological safety as well as their own description of stages of the scenario approach application, advantages and limitations of the scenario approach applied in the process of self-development of psychological safety, and analyze opportunities of using a number of the scenario approach methods for this purpose (the two-axis method, two-branch method, and the accuracy conus). At the end of the article the authors make a conclusion that it is beneficial to use the scenario approach to the self-development of personal psychological personality.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Sennitskaya E.V. —
What is Attention?
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 41 - 53.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.3.23373 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23373
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is attention, the main task is to explain the fact established as a result of observations of the course of school and university teachers, as well as as a result of a natural experiment conducted by the author. The article discusses the reasons why is the maximum attention with minimal willed effort achieved in case when each object that needs to be opened is explained with the help of 3-5 objects known to the reader or listener which are on the same level in the hierarchical system of the information presented. In other words, in this paper we propose an explanation of why 3-5 interrelated objects, facts or examples, illustrating a certain concept or rule, reliably attract the attention of the reader or listener, while a smaller or larger number is perceived as insufficient or excessive, respectively. This paper is a theoretical study based on the methodological principle of the unity of consciousness and activity. It analyzes the existing definitions of attention and compares them with the above results, obtained experimentally. The novelty of the study is to develop the definition of attention as a concept related to the quantity and hierarchical structure of perceived information. A hypothesis was also put forward that the connection of the object with 3-5 others is perceived as important, attracting attention, because attention sets are conditioned by the structure of the human body and its activity in the process of filo- and ontogenesis.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Kadyrov R.V., Venger V.V. —
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder: modern approaches towards definition of the concept, etiology, diagnostics, and psychotherapy
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 45 - 60.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.4.35811 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35811
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Abstract:
The goal of this article is to summarize and systematize the works of foreign researchers dedicated to psychotherapy of the complex post-traumatic stress disorder. For achieving the set goal, the author carries out a theoretical review of foreign literature on the topic, as well as the analysis of recent foreign research and their summary. Modern living conditions led to increase in the number of people with complex post-traumatic stress disorder, which actualized the problem of seeking effective psychological aid and psychotherapy for this category of people. The author reveals several scientifically proven effective methods of non-pharmaceutical treatment of complex post-traumatic stress disorder, including cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, as well as body-oriented therapy and art therapy, which are equally as effective. It is determined that currently that the number one treatment for complex post-traumatic stress disorder is the phase trauma-oriented approach that includes creation of safe environment, stabilization, and mitigation of symptoms; confrontation, analysis and integration of traumatic memories; integration of mental trauma experience, and rehabilitation of the consequences of complex post-traumatic stress disorder. The combination of individual and group work that produces most effective results in therapy is relevant in dealing with complex post-traumatic stress disorder.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Nazmetdinova D.G., Obukhovskaya V.B. —
The peculiarities of cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres of the patients with post-stroke neurological dysfunctions
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 9 - 15.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.1.31680 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31680
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the peculiarities of cognitive (memory, attention) and emotional-volitional (manifestations of anxiety and depression, motivation towards recovery) spheres of the patients with severe dysfunctions of cerebral circulation of ischemic type in the early and late rehabilitation period. The relevance of this topic is defined by commonness of the ischemic stroke, growing number of incapacitating consequences, and mortality rate in Russia. Ischemic stroke leads to the change of physical, social and psychological status of a patient, worsening of quality of life, and unfavorable prognosis for recovery. The scientific novelty consists in assessment of the dynamics of indicators in cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres of the post-stroke patients at various states of rehabilitation treatment. It is determined that the highest positive dynamics in cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres is observed at the early stage of rehabilitation. The resource and deficiency characteristics, which are most important for selecting the target of psychological interventions, are determined for each group of patients. In the cognitive sphere are noted veracious differences in the capacity of auditory-verbal short-term and long-term memory, memory for images, allocation and shifting of attention. In the emotional-volitional sphere – the indicators of depression and anxiety, motivation towards recovery. The presented data underlines the need for simultaneous provision of psychological rehabilitation and medication interventions for fullest readaptation of a patient to life at all stages of rehabilitation.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Artemeva O.A., Sinyova O.V. —
Theoretical Basis for Studying the Relation Between Applied and Practical Psychology
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 249 - 270.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.3.599 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=599
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Abstract:
The authors of the article define the problem of the relation between fundamental, applied and practical branches of psychology. Based on the analysis of V.A. Koltsova, T.D. Martsinkovskaya, O.G. Noskova, T. Leahy, R. Smith and other Russian and foreign historians, the authors provide the overview of the history of formation and development of applied and practical trends in psychology, especially pedology and psychotechnics. For the analysis of the historical-scientific and methodological patterns, the authors use the dynamic model of the relationship between theoretical psychology and social practice through the development of applied psychology developed by L.S. Vygotsky. More recent periods of relations between Russian fundamental psychology and psychological practice are viewed based on the conceptual grounds offered by A.L. Zhuravlev, D.V. Ushakov, A.G. Liders and I.N. Karitsky. The opportunities to distinguish applied and practical branches of psychology in the practical activity of psychologists are revealed so is the concept of role-playing ring proposed by Y.M. Zhukov. As a result, the structure of the relationship between subject and object of psychological activity is determined as an important base of classification of these branches. Historical analysis of the development of practical and applied branches of psychology in the first half of the XX century allows us to formulate a hypothesis about the singleness of the basic patterns of their development.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Khairullina I.R. —
Peculiarities of Psychological Defense Mechanisms and Coping Strategies of Teenagers From Dysfunctional Families
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 15.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.5.13168 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13168
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Abstract:
In article the problem of psychological protective mechanisms and koping-strategy at teenagers from dysfunctional families is investigated. Owing to different vital difficulties, disasters, problems, people face serious shocks and a stress with which heavy to cope even to the adult, not to mention children and teenagers who if something happens resort to inadequate ways of a sovladaniye with them. The teenage age is also characterized by psychological and physiological changes, critical for the personality. In this article an inspection of a hypothesis was carried out that the number of productive strategy of sovladayushchy behavior of teenagers can be increased due to carrying out the correctional program. As tools the diagnostic complex including psychodiagnostic techniques was used: questionnaire of ways of a sovladaniye of Lazarus and Folkman (T.L. Kryukova's adaptation, E.V. Kuftyak); Plutchik-Kellerman-Conte's questionnaire "Index of vital style"; technique "Koping-povedeniye in stressful situations". During research, the program of psychological correction for improvement of quality of formation of effective psychological protective mechanisms and strategy of sovladayushchy behavior at teenagers from dysfunctional families was developed and approved. By results it is also visible that after carrying out the program results changed to the best.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Berezina T.N., Chumakova E.A. —
Psychological Risks of Socially Significant Diseases at Retirement Age
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 3.
– P. 32 - 47.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.3.29985 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29985
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Abstract:
The aim of the research is to analyze psychological and behavioral risks of cardiovascular diseases at retirement age and to compare these risks to other risks of socially significant diseases. The research involved retired men and women. The subject of the research is personality traits of retired people that contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, endocrinological and respiratory diseases. The authors examine the influence of such factors as addicitions (alcoholism, smoking, compulsive eating), typological behavioral features (A, B and D types of behavior), emotional sphere and communication peculiarities. The research involved 525 pensioners who came to the city out-patient clinic, 496 of them had a record of a significantly important disease. The researchers have applied such methods as questionnairies, self-assessment and medical analysis data. To process data, the authors have used one-factor analysis of variance and regression analysis. The results of the research demonstrate that many psychological risks are common for different socially important diseases (in particular, bad habits and aggression) and career advancement is the general cause. However, there are personality traits that influence the development of a particular disease, for example, creative hobby and attribution to the Human - Sign kind of profession reduce the risk of heart diseases. Attribution to the Human - Nature kind of profession decreases the risk of diabetes, and intellectual hobbies reduce the risk of lung diseases. Conclusions: it is necessary to take into account personality traits and personality type when assessing the risk of diseases.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Evdokimova A.S. —
Value orientations of student youth as a factor of economic socialization
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 17 - 26.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.6.31384 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31384
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the student youth. The subject is the value orientations of student youth as a factor of economic socialization of a person. The goal consists in examination of value orientations of student youth as a factor affecting economic socialization. The current state of socioeconomic development of Russia opens multiple prospects for young people, but at the same time, poses complicated challenges in the aspect of economic socialization. The youth actively adjusts to economic realities, as well as develops a system of life values that allows achieving top results in the economic sphere. The research methodology includes the analysis of scientific literature, empirical study (associative experiment, diagnostics of the structure of life values according to Shalom Schwartz’s method), and mathematical-statistical analysis. It is established that in modern society, materialistic values and qualities contributing to business success are promulgated among the youth using diverse agents of socialization. In the course of interiorization of social norms, rules and regulations, the student form professional, financial and family values. The process of economic socialization of students contributes to independently earn money, plan expanses and contemplate the ways of saving. The young generation show readiness to living in the conditions of market economy; their values manifest as a strong foundation for the future development of market economy.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Martyanova G.Y. —
The study of correlation between time perspective and self-regulation in a difficult life situation
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 34 - 43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.1.32180 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32180
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Abstract:
This article presents the research results of correlation time orientation and parameters of conscious self-regulation among the subject of difficult life situation. The author analyzes the degree of determination of human regulatory activity by orientations towards the present, future, and past. The results of correlation and regression analyses, the differentiated role of time perspective in the processes of planning, modeling, programming, and evaluating the results of arbitrary activity in a difficult life situation is proven. The work focuses on the time perspective as a resource for coping with life difficulties. Analysis of the concept of time perspective is carried out in accordance with the doctrine of F. Zimbardo on time orientation. The main conclusion consists in the statement that focus on the past carries most significance in determining activity of the subjects. Orientation towards the future defines the conditions for regulatory activity, but does not substantiate the dynamics of goals. Focus on the present has most controversial influence upon regulatory activity in a difficult situation.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Novgorodova E.F. —
Personality Determinants of Subjective Well-Being Specific for Students with Secondary and Higher Professional Education
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 51 - 65.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.5.27688 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27688
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Abstract:
In her research Novgorodova analyzes psychological problems that may be encountered by young people (particularly students) and relate to the subjective well-being and personality factors. The researcher presents the results of her empirical research of correlational and causal connections between satisfaction with life, self-attitude and perfectionism based on the analysis of secondary and higher education students. The research involved 443 respondents. As a result of her research, Novgorodova has discovered statistically significant dependencies between such parameters as self-attitude and perfectionism on the one part and satisfaction with life on the other part. She differentiates predictors of subjective well-being depending on the kin dof education and builds the models of determinants of satisfaction with life that demonstrate the role of personality traits in the regulation of the cognitive component of the subjective well-being as it is felt by students from different organisational institutions. The author has used step-by-step causal analysis that allows not only to explain the areas and changes of the subjective satisfaction with life but also outline the promising areas and targets of psychological counselling for secondary and higher education students. The patterns discovered by the author would be of interest for practical psychologists and researchers who want to find out the cause of the low level of one's satisfaction with life. The author also discovered the interpersonal potential for optimisation and regulation of the quality of life of today's youth which creates the grounds for future experimental research.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Erzin A.I., Gerashchenko N.A. —
Successful aging image in the minds of students
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 76 - 95.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.5.16173 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16173
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Abstract:
The article reports the results of validation the measure successful aging image in the students. The authors identified 6 subscales of the questionnaire: "Health", "Wealth", "Social interactions", "The time perspective", "Job and Hobby", "Personal growth and Positive emotions". Cronbach's alpha score (0.908) indicates an internal consistency of the test items. Structural equation modeling showed that respondents valued the successful aging components such as job and hobbies, social interaction and health. The lowest value for the students is financial well-being. Factor analysis revealed 6 factors which include activity and optimism, self-esteem and self-sufficiency, search for opportunities, self-education and quality of life, sense of purpose and pleasure of communicating. The next step will be to assess test-retest reliability and normalization the method in the various samples. Overall, the results indicate the reliability of the test and create the prospects for its further standardization.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Van S.L., Voiskunskii A.E. —
Theoretical and Empirical Research of Development of the Internet Psychology in China Based on the Case Study of Internet Addiction
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 4.
– P. 155 - 237.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.4.738 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=738
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Abstract:
The authors of the article analyzes Internet addiction in China at the analytical and empirical levels. The official position of the Chinese government on this matter is compared to pilot data concerning the popularity of this phenomenon and how it is connected with the modern system of education. The authors find out that there is a relation between Internet addiction and the dominating tendency towards collectivism and family relations typical for China. The authors also describe diagnostic methods and criteria as well as psychotherapy from Internet addiction based on the international and Chinese experience. Noteworthy that in China the Internet addiction is based on the conflict betwen the Chinese collectivism traditions and the Western individualism. Moreover, the Internet is believed to be one of the symbols of the Western individualism. This conflict is viewed in terms of technological modernization processes that lead to drastic changes in behavior of Chinese citizens. Socio-cultural factors also have some influence on the development of Internet addiction in South Korea and Taiwan. Moreover, problems associated with the development of the Internet seem to be common for a number of East Asian countries. The authors present the results of research of the Internet addiction that involved Chinese teenagers playing computer and on-line games. The conclusions made by the authors reflect the popularity of the Internet addiction in different groups of teenagers depending in their age, gender, experience in using the Internet an other socio-cultural and psychological parameters.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Shantyr Y. —
Actuality of Practical Psychology and the Job Profile Diagram of a Practical Psychologist
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 116 - 138.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.4.15267 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15267
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Abstract:
Actuality of practical psychology is showing in this article in the conditions of intensification of life of man and growth of the crisis phenomena in modern society. Problems into that humanity runs today are the result of present spiritually psychical crisis. The level of evolution of human consciousness, as carrier of psychical processes, does not provide presently, adequate reaction of society and his individuals on existing now calls and does not result in the timely making of new world view on overcoming of the crisis phenomena. Evolution of psychical processes and on the whole psyches of man, along with undeniable achievements, accompanied and accompanied, unfortunately, by unit by the row of the negative phenomena: by wars, social calamities, ethnogeny catastrophes and other destructive events. Consequently, development of psyche, as totalities of psychical processes of man, requires, special in present terms, purposeful efforts of psychologists and unambiguous interpretation of their activity. The main task here consists in that in the conditions of growth of the crisis phenomena and permanent intensification of life of man qualitatively new progressive personality transformations in society took place quickly enough and mass, that will allow turning back the crisis phenomena and present orientation of modern humanity to self-destruction. In these terms psychology and her practical realization appear, by how hardly not only science to that looks are turned in search of answer for the pressing questions of today and determination of the practical operating under an exit from crisis situations. At the same time, profession of psychologist while yet far not simply perceived today in modern society, practical psychology did not declare about itself properly, and activity of practical psychologists did not become concrete and clear to the people. Key reason of it absence of the clearly set forth bases of professiogrammy of practical psychologist is, foremost, allowing to dissociate a psychological help from all other near on maintenance the parapsychology and astrologic types of activity. The algorithm of the job profile diagram of a practical psychologist, activity of that, unlike other professions, must be directing, is offered in the article and reasonable, foremost, on development of psychical processes of man with the purpose of forming of new personality capable in any terms it is adequate to work out the concrete problems. The table of contents of work of practical psychologist consists in realization of consultations and realization of gumanitarno-povedencheskogo psycho-analysis that consistently plugs in itself all three basic methodological directions of practical psychology: psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and humanistic psychology. The article can be interesting to the wide circle of specialists in the field of psychological services: to the students, teachers, practical psychologists and by a civil servant of the system of education.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Voroncova J., Ermolaev V. . —
Conception of Lithuanian Seniors «Generation Z» about their Future Family
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 12.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.1.16664 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16664
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Abstract:
The article presents the results of researching on the subject of communication of conception about their future family from the digital generation (for example, the Z seniors), and inherent mores. The authors in detail considers such aspects of a subject as continuously growing tendency to growth of number of incomplete families, as a result of numerous rastorzheniye of marriages, proving by that relevance of studying of a problem of transformation of institute of a family. The special attention is paid by authors to ideas of digital generation of the future family and ethical standards, their balance in system of social representations. At digital generation were applied to research of content of ideas of future family and expressiveness of ethical standards: technique of stereometric testing (Garber E. I., V. V. Kozacha); express technique of an assessment of the relation to observance of ethical standards (Kupreychenko A. B. In system of social representations of younger generation (generation of Z) communications between ideas of the future family and ethical standards were investigated. The following conclusions have been formulated: ideas of seniors of the future family aren't connected with their ethical standards; unbalance of system of ethical standards at the Lithuanian seniors.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Sholokhova E.N., Kazakova E.V., Sokolova L.V. —
Psychological component of school adaptation of first-graders in the conditions of modern educational establishments of various types
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 5.
– P. 33 - 44.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.5.33806 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33806
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the psychological component of school adaptation among first-graders of public and sanatorium-based boarding schools. The author describes and compares the characteristics of psychological component of school adaptation. The goal consists in determination of peculiarities of the psychological component of school adaptation of elementary school students in the modern educational establishments of various types. The research involved 110 first-graders 7-8 years old (56 girls and 54 boys). The sampling is aligned by gender, age, and school. Research methodology contains the following projective techniques: ”Little Houses” by A. O. Orekhova; “Faces” by N. V. Lukyanchenko and T. L. Yadryshnikov; “House-Tree-Person” by J. Buck, with symptom complexes formulated by Bieliauskaitė. The method of descriptive statistics revealed that the majority of first-graders of sanatorium-based boarding school demonstrate negative emotions, insecurity, anxiety, lack of confidence in themselves, inferiority feeling and depressiveness; while the majority of children of public schools experience emotional maladaptation, emotional tension towards mastering school subjects. Using Mann–Whitney U test, the author determines that the students o sanatorium-based boarding school much rarely demonstrate emotional towards school activity; emotional maladaptation is more characteristic to the students of public schools. The research materials are applied in educational process by the pedagogues, psychologists, and school administrations for determining the individual and differentiated approach towards students; as well as in a cycle of scientific and practical seminars for school pedagogues and parents of the students.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Vasileva I.I. —
Safety Culture: To Manage…or Better Not?
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 24 - 33.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.5.19883 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19883
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Abstract:
The article is an attempt to clarify the concepts of organizational psychology: organizational culture, safety culture, safety climate, overcoming the inherent illegibility of the humanities categories, and to reveal their functional significance. The multiplicity of simultaneously ongoing organization actions is accepted as the starting point in the argument. All kinds of actions are commonly grouped in three classes: formal, non-formal and informal. The simultaneous relevance of goals of different directions and a set of conflicts between them are considered as a closest consequence and as an important inherent feature of real production activity. The organizational management is logically determined by the need to resolve conflicts and get the nominal output. It is carried out by the chief executive officer. In each case of resolving conflict the leader sets the priorities between conflicting goals and puts thereby forward the sample for staff for solutions in similar conflict situations. Dozens of standard rules of conduct set by the leader form the organizational culture. The chief executive officer proved to be the main creator of organizational culture. The peculiarity of a particular culture is set by the stable structure of dominant objectives and corresponds to the concept of climate. Safety culture, thus, is determined as the sustaining of steady dominance of the ensuring safety objectives in all situations of conflict of simultaneously relevant objectives. It is a secondary result of chief’s style to conduct the affairs but not a business process. All attempts to neglect the real forming factors of organizational culture in management lead to the formation of quasi-functions, which cause organizational neurosis, one of the signs of which are “safety games”. All forms of organizational neurosis are destructive and preserve the preconditions of breakdowns and accidents. The examples of wrong safety problem solutions in Russian power industry are provided.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tatianchenko N.P. —
Personality Determinants of Deviant Behavior Demonstrated by Technical College Students
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 38 - 45.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.4.26049 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26049
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the personality determinants of deviant behavior of adolescents. The object of the rsearch is the students of technical college. The author of the article analyzes various types of deviant behavior that have been demonstrated by the students.Referring to the problem of teaching adolescents with deviant behavior in a technical school, the author of the article emphasizes the presence of certain difficulties in the organization of the educational process associated with increased excitability, impulsivity, lack of self-control in the motor and emotional spheres, propensity towards conflict, stubbornness, negativism, aggressiveness of such students. In this regard, special importance is attached to the timely identification of such students and the study of the relationship of deviant behavior with such psychological categories as hopelessness, anxiety,and self-esteem. In the course of the research, the following package of methods and psychodiagnostic tools was used: the questionnaire to determine the level of self-esteem (as offered by S.V. Kovalev), test for multidimensional assessment of child anxiety (MODT) (offered by E. Malkova (Romitsyna), deviant behavior inventory (offered by A. Oryol), Beck depression scale; and methods of mathematical data processing. The novelty of the research is caused by the authors' formulation and solution of the problem of determining personal determinants in the formation of deviant behavior among students at a secondary specialized educational institution. Theoretical and practical conclusions of the study can help a deeper understanding of the specifics of this phenomenon, the role of the technical school in the manifestation of deviations of a destructive orientation. The obtained empirical data to a certain extent expands the scientific understanding of psychological categories that contribute to the realization of deviant behavior and can serve as a basis for the further development of substantive aspects of the indicated problem.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Korolev A.A. —
Correlation between the victim personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 10.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.4.36256 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36256
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Abstract:
From the psychological-social perspective, the problem of bullying is relevant and significant. The article provides the opinions of different authors on the problem of bullying, its types, and peculiarities of manifestation. Special attention is given to the attitudes of the parties to bullying - aggressor and victim – viewed in their close interrelation . Special emphasis is placed on position of a victim. Based on victimological approach, a hypothesis is put forward on the significance of the victim personality in a situation of bullying, depending on personality type, susceptibility or resistance of an individual to the effects of bullying. The object of this research is the impact of bullying factors upon victim personality. The subject the correlation between victim personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying. The research employs MMPI typological survey, as well as based on the classification of the impact of bullying forms a questionnaire that includes most relevant for the respondents bullying factors. The use of correlation analysis allowed establishing both positive and negative correlations between the personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying (bullying factor). Such research indicate the specific susceptibility/resistance to certain manifestations of bullying, characteristic to a number of personality types (hysteroid, excitable, epileptoid, psychasthenic, schizoid). The acquired results contribute to the organization of targeted psychological that would help a person to overcome difficulties in a situation of bullying.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Frantskevich E.T. —
Psychological Problems as the Risk Factor for the Safety of the Educational Environment
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 125 - 174.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.1.11490 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11490
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Abstract:
The concept of "psychological safety" persons in the educational environment and its relevance is considered. Risk factors, in particular concept of psychological trouble, as one of the main threats of safety of the educational environment are analyzed. Various risk factors and threats of psychological safety of the educational environment, its components are considered. Emotional safety as making part of all-psychological safety of the educational environment, its emotional component. Communication of emotional safety of the educational environment and health of the person, first, mental, and secondly, physical is traced. The concept of psychological trouble, as risk factor of safety of the educational environment is entered. As prerequisites of emergence of psychological trouble various factors act in different degree: biological (genetic or hereditary) or social and psychological, educational. At an assessment of level and expressiveness of psychological trouble of the personality it is necessary to take into account personal (individual) features, such as character aktsentuation. The solution of problems of psychological safety in the educational environment, in particular psychological trouble of teenagers, has to be carried out through programs and techniques of diagnostics of the personality and forming of individual correctional and scheduled maintenance according to personal features and character aktsentuation, also the psychologist needs to conduct work on improvement of interpersonal interaction and training in social skills of all participants of educational process. The assumption is made that sources and variety of manifestations of psychological trouble, and also exit options from a difficult life or extreme situation, in big degree are defined by psychotype of the personality and are covered in a character aktsentuation. At an adverse psychological situation there is a fixing of some pathological traits of character that prevents the teenager to adapt for environment and can become one of the reasons of his deviant behavior. Not incidentally aktsentuation of character are considered as prerequisites of abnormal (deviant) behavior of teenagers. In any case, it is possible to tell with confidence what these are the accentuation of personality traits that make the teenager's age and adulthood period 'difficult'.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tulitbaeva G.F. —
Socio-Personal Interest as a Professionally Important Quality of a Psychologist
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 46 - 53.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.21484 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21484
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Abstract:
This article is devoted to personality patterns of psychologists. The article contains a definition of the socio-personal interest of a psychologist which involves not just expressions of interest in the experiences of clients, their wishes and needs, and providing them with effective assistance as actors of socially and personally meaningful activities. Social and personal interest of the psychologist is defined as the integral quality of a psychologist's personality reflected in the cognitive orientation of the personality of other people and active-active attitude towards them, consisting in the creation of the psychological conditions for their development and self-realization in their activities. As a methodological base was made by the subject-activity approach in psychology (B. G. Ananiev, L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontiev, etc.). Conducted correlation and factor analysis identified four components of social and personal interest to students of psychology: emotional regulatory, cognitive, motivational-valuable, communicative-behavioral, which served as the basis for the purposeful formation of social and personal interest to students of psychologists at the stage of University studies and diagnostics of their dynamics.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kaptsevich O.A., Marin E.B., Osmachko N.V. —
Psychological aspects of political participation and protest readiness of the youth of Primorsky Krai
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 1.
– P. 23 - 34.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.1.34979 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34979
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Abstract:
Changes that take place in the Russian society generate conflicts that are often implemented in form of a protest. Youth is the peculiar actor of protest behavior. The subject of this research is the psychological, namely emotional aspect of the attitude towards politics and its engagement into political interest and political behavior (including protest behavior) of youth of the Far East. The research involved 254 students from several universities of Primorsky Krai. Questionnaire that included a number of blocks aimed at studying emotions, interest in politics, political participation, and protest behavior was used for collecting the information. Application of the categorical method of key components, the author determined the two forms of potential protest behavior: “radical” and “moderate”. “Radical protest” reveals correlation with an entire range of negative emotions, while “moderate protest” has relatively few emotional correlates and is more typical among female respondents. “Radical” protest indicates high political activity: its supporters actively participate in politics in one or another way; “moderate” protest does not indicate such correlates. Therefore, politically active youth is more likely to have radical protest moods. The analysis of emotional attitude towards government can be considered as a marker of protest potential and its vector towards “softer” or “aggressive” forms of protest. The acquired results are valuable for government authorities, political parties, and educational institutions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Polishchuk V.I. —
Human in the World or the World in Human
// Psychologist.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 106 - 135.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2012.2.85 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=85
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Abstract:
The author shares his opinion on different solutions of the problem of the place of human in history of culture. The problem is formed by the author as the question about what makes us human. The author gives the three answers to this question: human becomes human only when he rises above primitive affections or tries to understand the surrounding world or himself. The second and the third solutions are quite similar though because they are related to human existence and being.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Yasin M.I. —
Cognitive Closure and Attitudes in Interpersonal Relationships
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 46 - 54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.5.22350 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22350
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Abstract:
Cognitive closure is a mechanism of cognitive activity that saves one's psyche from excessive, contradictory and needless information. This construct is widely used to describe cognitive styles and explain certain socio-psychological mechanisms, mass communications psychology and psychology of religion. Apparent cognitive closure relates to such factors as stereotypization, dogmatism, rigidity of attitudes and aggressive response to conflicts. The author makes an assumption that in order to save psyche from needless information, one may try to avoid communication, certain types of interpersonal relationships or excessive involvement. The hypothesis was experimentally proved based on the research that involved 140 people. The author has used such diagnostic tests as Cognitive Closure Orientation by A. Kruglyansky and Destructive Attitudes in Interpersonal Relationships Test by V. Boyko. The results of the research prove the following: cognitive closure and communicative attitudes are mostly related through the assertiveness parameter. Thus, assertiveness has a negative correlation with most cognitive closure factors. In the same way, accumulation of negative impressions of communication with others has a negative correlation with love for order, assertiveness and cognitive closure.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Subbotsky E. —
No, All of Me Won’t Die: The Magic of Hope
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 85 - 115.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.4.14227 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14227
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Abstract:
The paper discusses the phenomenon of the hope that a person’s mind (soul) and the humankind are immortal, in the context of recent psychological studies on magical thinking. The humankind lives on the scale of thousands of years, whereas the universe lives of the scale of billions of years, which is a million times longer. Incommensurability of the time scales makes any prognoses regarding the fate of the humankind in relation to the fate of the Earth and the universe beyond a few thousand years meaningless. Why then, despite this, many prominent scientists, and even groups of scientists, spend a lot of time and resources in order to decide on such issues as the future of the Earth and the universe in billions of years from now? Why do astrophysicists spend millions of dollars in order to investigate objects that are located hundreds of millions of light years away from our galaxy? Why predictions are being made as for the fate of the humankind on the cosmic scale of billions of years? One possible answer is offered by recent psychological studies on magical thinking in modern humans. These studies have shown that the belief in the supernatural is common not only among small children today, but also among modern educated rational adults who consciously view themselves as non-believers in magic and/or in god. The hypothesis is discussed, according to which our interest towards the remote future of the humankind is rooted in our hidden belief that there exist a magical link (participation) between a person (the humankind) and the universe. Novelty: (1) For the first time the phenomenon of the hope for the immortality of a person’s mind (soul) and the humankind is discussed in the context of recent psychological studies of magical thinking; (2) Analysis of forms, which the hope for immortality takes in science, pseudo-scientific writings and in philosophy is also a new feature; (3) One more novel element is the analysis of what recent theories of memory have to say on the hypothesis that the person’s mind is imperishable. Conclusions: (1) Despite the incommensurability of the time scales on which the universe and the humankind live, huge amounts of money and resources are being invested in the investigation of the impractical problems, such as the origins of the universe, the prospects for the existence of the humankind in billions of years from now, and the structure of objects that are situated on the edge of the observable universe; (2) Psychological studies in the last decades have shown that most modern rational people, while consciously denying their beliefs in magic or in god, subconsciously maintain the belief in the supernatural; (3) Data obtained in recent studies on elementary particle physics and cosmology support the ancient hypothesis that there exist the unbreakable link between the universe and the human mind; (4) These data, viewed through the subconscious belief in the supernatural, give birth to the hope that a person’s mind (soul) and the humankind could be immortal.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kireeva O.V., Diomin A.N. —
Cognitive and emotional components of attitude of man toward credits
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 126 - 139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.4.20092 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20092
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Abstract:
The article discusses the cognitive and emotional components of the attitude toward credits. The cognitive component of the attitude toward credits is considered as a representation of the risks and resources that a person expects from crediting, and the emotional component is analyzed through the basic emotions experienced by a person at different stages of credits. Crediting considered as a sequence of the following borrowers: the decision to take a bank credit, the bank selection and credit conditions, obtaining approval for crediting, debt and interest payments on a credit agreement. Particular importance is attached to the study cases of non-repayment of debt and interest on the credit, that is, stage of personal default. Research presentation of crediting and the range of experiences of potential and actual borrowers was carried out using qualitative and quantitative techniques. As part of the study of the cognitive component of attitude toward credits on the content of personal meanings identified: the normative borrowers, who are forced to borrowers, borrowers-hedonists, borrowers perceive credits as the risks and threats, borrowers with an ambivalent attitude toward credits. As part of the study of the emotional component it is established that the four stages of the credit behavior is dominated by the emotion of interest, and at the stage of personal default added grief, guilt, fear. Consequently, the behavior of the credit includes the risk of psychological crisis.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Barinov D.N. —
Anxiety and Fear: Historical and Philosophical Sketch
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 1 - 39.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.3.553 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=553
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The article is devoted to the evolution of the concepts of fear and anxiety in the history of philosophy. The author of the article analyzes philosophical concepts of fear and anxiety at different periods of history and describes particular approaches to describing the nature of fear and anxiety in the history of philosophy as well as Russian and Western European philosophies. The author also traces back transformation of views on the relation between fear and anxiety. Based on such historical and philosophical analysis, the author formulates the key antropological, ontological, gnoseological, axiological and praxeological aspects of philosophical views on the phenomena of fear and anxiety. The results of research allow to make a statement which can be used as the theoretical and methodological basis for social and philosophical understanding of fear and anxiety. The statement says the following: there are the two levels of philosophical and social studies to be taken into account, 1) the level of rational and established social order that makes social life predictable and reduces all possible risks to the minimum, and 2) the level of unstructured and uncertain spontaneous processes.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Erzin A.I. —
The Problem of Proactivity in Psychology of Health
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 94 - 124.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.1.11536 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11536
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The article is devoted to the current trends in researches in the sphere of psychology of health eloquently testify to consolidation of positions of positive psychology in the field of studying of factors of psychoprevention and psychohygiene. One of such personal factors, according to the author, pro-activity as a basis of the self-determined behavior acts. The analysis of a current state of a problem of pro-activity is presented in article in psychological researches. Leading criteria and parameters of pro-active behavior through which prism the author suggests to consider psychological health and its communication with effective functioning of the personality are allocated. The author's model of pro-activity in the standard aspect, including the motivational block, the block of the analysis and the behavioural block is presented. The short characteristic is given to structural components of pro-active behavior which, according to the author, include resistence, self-efficiency, metarequirements, an internal locus of control, dispositional optimism, valuable and life orientations of the personality. The pro-activity role in a sovladaniye with a stress, in overcoming of psychological consequences of somatic diseases is shown. The interrelation of pro-active behavior and quality of life is reflected in advanced age. The author notes intensive penetration of ideas of positive psychology into psychology clinical and sees prospect of further researches of functioning of the personality in close connection with studying of personal predictors of pro-activity.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Sedykh N.S. —
Information and Psychological Methods of Influence In the Process of Training Suicide Bombers
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 4.
– P. 126 - 165.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.4.12912 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=12912
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In article features of operation of global communications for development of terrorist ideology and advance of ideas of suicide terrorism are considered, information and psychological ways of the influence which is carried out for training of suicide bombers are analyzed. In this regard the author addresses to a question of a role of mass media in designing of social knowledge and meanings, considering mass media as the diskursivny system participating in production and reproduction of the typified values. In the context of a perspective of formation of extremist consciousness and psychological readiness for suicide terror features of virtual reality, the information environment, designing of media texts, the propaganda receptions and methods of psychological influence which are widely used for involvement of youth in terrorism and training of suicide bombers are analyzed. Need of optimization of information and psychological counteraction of ideology of extremism and terrorism for specific sociohistorical conditions is designated. In this context possibilities of mass communication in formation of anti-terrorist values in the Russian society are considered. The question of development of the pedagogical journalism urged to form social values, belief and to influence the motivational sphere of the personality is staticized. In the context of a perspective of the organization it is information – psychological influence by extremists and implementation of the corresponding counteraction possibilities of secular and religious education are also considered. The question of a role of psychological science in development of information culture and advance of ideas of social dialogue, a consent, solidarity is staticized.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Berezina T.N., Stelmah S.A., Dergacheva E.V. —
Influence of Retirement Stress on Biopsychological Age in Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan: Cross-Cultural Research
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 5.
– P. 11 - 26.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.5.31159 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31159
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The study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the biopsychological aging dynamics among middle-aged men and women in Russia and Kazakhstan. The object of research is the citizens of Kazakhstan (206 people) and the Russian Federation (1303 people). The subject of research is the biopsychological aging dynamics in age groups from 30 years to 81 years and older. The research deals with two forms of retirement stress: a pre-retirement one as an expectancy of well-deserved rest and a post-retirement one as a shift to another social environment. The research investigates the influence of retirement stress on the biological and psychological age of a person. The authors apply a method for assessing biological age by Voitenko and a method of self-assessment of subjective psychological age by K. A. Abulkhanova. The study defines general tendencies of the biopsychological aging dynamics for two countries: its correspondence with chronological aging, the influence of retirement stress on biological aging of the population, rapid aging among men in relation to women, as well as the intention to enhance the psychological age by young people, but to minimize it by senior people. The research finds the differences between Russia and Kazakhstan. In Russia, retirement stress influences men and women equally, causing rapid biological aging among them, moreover, the study observes the disequilibrium of biological and psychological age among Russians. In Kazakhstan, women have the lowest level of retirement stress and do not have the disequilibrium of biological and psychological age. Men in Kazakhstan have adapted to the later retirement since the country performed a pension reform two decades ago; their biological resources raise, thus, they feel younger in pre-retirement age, but their aging increases rapidly after retirement.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Rostovtseva M.V., Goncharevich N.A., Shaidurova O.V., Kovalevich I.A. —
Research on the level of motivation of the students of vocational school towards learning
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.5.33897 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33897
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The subject of this research is educational motivation of the first-year and second-year students of vocational school. The author puts forward an assumption that the second-year students have higher motivation towards learning than the first-year students. This related to the completion of adaptation period and maturing of students, as well as with formation of the responsible professional stance on their future. The conducted research confirmed the advanced hypothesis. The motives for learning highlighted by the second-year students are associated mostly with the current issues of educational activity. The author also underlines the greater importance of motives pertinent to professional competences and professional activity among the second-year students. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that motives for learning indicated by the first-year students are characterized by expectancy, temporary farness of the result, and are merely associated with the current problems. These results reveal the considerable importance of the remote and abstract learning goals for the first-year students. The author detects a trend that acquisition of knowledge is more significant that professional skills in the learning process. Moreover, in course of time, the motive for acquiring knowledge acquires more currency among the students of vocational school.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Obukhovskaya V.B., Meshcheryakova E.I. —
Resourceful and Deficiency Features of the Internal Picture of the Disease Typical for Patients with Neurological Pathology in Terms of Psychological Well-Being
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 13.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.5.27461 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27461
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The subject of the research is the resourceful and deficiency features of the internal picture of the disease in terms of psychological well-being (attitude to the disease, manifestations of anxiety and depression, basic strategies of cognitive regulation, quality of life, basic beliefs, psychological well-being, resilience) typical for patients, in particular, patients, with Parkinson's disease ( G20), multiple sclerosis (G35), spinal osteochondrosis (M42), stroke consequences (I67), dizziness and instability (R42). The rationale of the research is determined by the increase in the frequency and severity of neurological pathology. Thus, the resourceful and deficient features of the internal picture of the disease in terms of psychological security can serve as targets of psychological interventions for specific groups of patients with neurological pathology. In their research the authors have used the following tests and methods: anamnestic survey, Attitude to Disease Inventory, Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Ideas about the Disease Questionnaire, SF-36 Health Survey, World Assumptions Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, Viabiilty Test, and methods of mathematical statistics. It was determined that all groups of patients with neurological pathology have experienced the lack of physical abilities during physical exercise as well as the lack of independence during attempts to make independent decisions. Despite the active avoidance of thoughts about the disease and consequences, anosognosia helps patients to concentrate on the positive aspects of life which leads to adaptation to the situation of the disease. Indifference to fate and results of treatment has negative consequences in terms of successful predictions of interventions. For each group of patients, resourceful and deficiency characteristics are identified that are most significant for the selection of targets for psychological interventions.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kozlova N.D., Zhdanova S.Y. —
Attitude towards aging among pedagogues due to socio-psychological characteristics of personality
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 4.
– P. 22 - 30.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.4.32781 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32781
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Abstract:
This article explores the phenomenon of successful aging and the substantiating factors, based on studying the attitude towards aging among pedagogues. The dichotomous attitude towards senescence is demonstrated in both, foreign and Russian literature. On the one hand, old age is considered the final stage in life of a person; while on the other hand, despite the increasing decline in physical strength, health and mental processes, it is also a sensitive time for the accumulation of knowledge, experience and intellect, which allows adapting to age peculiarities. Analysis was conducted on the attitude towards aging among pedagogues and the factors that determine it. The sample was comprised of the pedagogues from higher educational institutions, specialized secondary educational establishment, and general education institutions. The acquired results demonstrate that the pedagogues have a positive image of aging, which helps them to better adapt to the aging process.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pirlik G.P., Bogoyavlenskaya D.B. —
Creativity as a Way to Overcome Uncertainty
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 4.
– P. 16 - 28.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.4.38724 EDN: SBIRGQ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38724
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Creativity is seen as a way to overcome uncertainty - an integral feature of the modern world on the way to its knowledge. The attitude towards uncertainty is one of the personality traits, the versatility of the phenomenology of which determines the interdisciplinary status of the problem. Overcoming uncertainty by cognition, the creation of a new one, the courage of creativity become milestones of modernity and need scientific justification and reflection. The results of a study of the peculiarities of the attitude towards uncertainty of people capable of creativity, and people with different levels of intelligence, whose activities are externally stimulated, where cognitive motivation is not leading, are presented. Statistically significant differences were revealed between groups of people with different levels of performance according to the "Creative Field" method in terms of uncertainty tolerance tests. People who have shown the ability to be creative are significantly more tolerant of uncertainty, prefer the new to the familiar, as well as complex tasks compared to people of the stimulus-productive level. They are not limited to the perceived reality, they do not stop at uncertainty and the unknown, but, driven by a cognitive need, they are aimed at an in-depth understanding of the situation, due to which they advance in the knowledge and awareness of reality. People who can only solve the set tasks are helpless in the face of a situation of uncertainty. Achievement motivation limits the development of the thinking process even in the presence of high mental abilities, as well as a low level of intelligence development, i.e. lack of educational resources. This affects the negative perception of the situation of uncertainty and the inability to cope with it. The development of activity on one's own initiative as a unit of creativity is thus the way that allows one to overcome situations of uncertainty. Such people, despite the uncertainty, are able to continue their activities, to delve into the situation. Cognitive motivation helps to follow the path of cognition in new, complex, contradictory and unpredictable situations. The study of creativity as a way to overcome uncertainty reveals the mechanism of pre-adaptation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Alistratova E.Y. —
Proactive Behavior on the Internet: Reasons, Consequences and Possible Ways of Prevention
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 39 - 54.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.1.11636 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11636
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This article describes specifics of communication between participants of network communities, features of personification of the personality in a cyberspace. The author suggests to consider pro-active Internet aggression as a form of deviant behavior which is shown by aspiration to provoke desirable response at users of a network. Intrinsic characteristics, behavioural manifestations and possible motives of such types of Internet aggression, as trolling, an astroturfing and a kiberbulling are submitted. Data of domestic and foreign researches of a problem a cyber aggression among teenagers and children are provided. Some features of virtual life are described: anonymity is understood as the factor influencing a cyber safety of participants of network communication, in particular children's and teenage audience of the Internet. Article raises the topical questions of ensuring support and child protection and teenagers from threats a cyber aggression within the state and federal programs – from introduction of the difficult software before consultation of victims virtual a cyber aggression. The author considers anonymity as one of starting mechanisms of delinquent behavior in a cyberspace. In this work recommendations about the prevention of possible negative consequences from pro-active Internet aggression both to young participants of virtual communication, and their surrounding adults - parents, teachers and employees of social structures are offered.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sokolov G.A. —
Improvement of Psychoemotional State of Students During Exams
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 1.
– P. 28 - 43.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.1.13888 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13888
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In his research Sokolov examines the concept of emotional security in the education environment, offers a definition of 'psychoemotional state' and considers autotraining to be an efficient method of improving mental states of students. The researcher also provides a review of the theories of emotions, describes types of emotions, defines what sthenic and asthenic emotions mean and classify emotional states as positive, negative and neutral emotions. The methodological basis of the present research involves the concept of emotional security in the education environment. Autotraining is viewed as a mean to improve particular elements of emotional security.
The main scientific objective of the research is to find out that elements of psychoemotional states can be improved by the means of autotraining.
The reseach methods include: psychological diagnostics (DREAM Test, Stress-Induced Tension Test, Pulsar-A Test defining personality 'sanotypes' from 'pathology possible' to 'athletic shape' and Rate of Learning Test) and autotraining according to Schultz.
The main practical objective of the research is to improve psychoemotional states of students.
There are special psychological services that teach to control one's emotional impulses. Of course, not all impulses are negative, however, people often experience negative emotional states. The research involved students studying at Modern University for the Humanities. At the beginning of the research students took psychological tests to define their initial emotional state. Then they took relaxation training. After that psychological tests were given to them again to define how their emotional state changed.
In his research Sokolov focuses on negative emotions because usually people suffer from negative emotions more than from positive ones.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ulianich A.L., Agarkova L.A., Leshchinskaya S.B., Naku E.A. —
Study of Characteristics of Internal Picture of Pregnancy among Women with Physical Complications as Factors Promoting and Preventing Preservation of Healthy Pregnancy
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 15.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.1.29211 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29211
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The subject of the study is the characteristics of the internal picture of pregnancy among women with physical complications as factors promoting and preventing the preservation of healthy pregnancy. The study aims to analyze the characteristics of the internal picture of pregnancy among women of three nosological groups with a physically complicated pregnancy to determine in the following the factors promoting and preventing the preservation of healthy pregnancy. The aims of the study are the search and description of general and specific characteristics of the internal picture of pregnancy and identification of factors promoting and preventing the preservation of healthy pregnancy. Were used such methods as the Beck Depression Inventory, test for the self-assessment of the emotional state by H. Eysenck, the questionnaire of reproductive motives 'My pregnancy', semantic differential, and "SF-36 Health Status Survey". It is established that common characteristics to all groups of women are: on an emotional level - optimal-level of anxiety, on a conative level - the need to see in pregnancy and in the child a continuation of conjugal love, on a cognitive level - positive attitude to themselves, a high value of the pregnancy and the child, on a level of body experience - the feeling of limitations in the performance of the physical activity. Specific characteristics among women with in vitro fertilization - the presence of depressive moods associated with pregnancy, the motive of preserving pregnancy for the sake of social status, restrictions in physical activity; among women with human immunodeficiency virus - super-value of pregnancy and the child, the attitude to pregnancy as a new stage of life, allowing to get away from loneliness, to become better, on a level of body experience - the rise of vital energy, high activity in the performance of physical activity. The obtained results can be used in maternity clinics, Reproductive Technology centers, Centers for the Prevention and Control of AIDS.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kapustina T.V. —
Development and testing of screening method for diagnosing the propensity for extremism
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 1.
– P. 29 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.1.37293 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37293
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Abstract:
The subject of this research in the propensity for extremism in the context of socio-psychological maladaptation of personality, determined via a newly developed screening method. The empirical object of this research is the school students of Primorsky Krai (n=395) and students from other regions of the Russian Federation (n=629). The author examines the retest reliability, content and constructive validity of the method, including its theoretical substantiation. Description is given to the test norms for two versions of the method (form A-1 for schoolers and form A-2 for students). Special attention is turned to the construct of screening method – the proclivity for extremism, which is viewed through the lens of socio-psychological maladaptation of personality and may manifest in the instance of the following criteria: signs of depressiveness, loneliness, dehumanization of others, sense of superiority, motives of vengeance, positive attitude towards death. The scientific novelty lies in testing and adaptation of the two forms of screening method. The main conclusion lies in the validation of the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. It is worth noting that the individual with propensity for extremism not necessarily would commit extremist actions, however, falls into a risk group, since their behavior in maladaptive state can be unpredictable, inflicting conflict, suicide, deviant behavior. Screening method for diagnosing the propensity for extremism should be viewed as an instrument for preventing extremism in youth environment.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yakimova Z.V. —
Professional Stress in Law Enforcement: Foreign and Domestic Research Experience
// Psychologist.
– 2023. – ¹ 1.
– P. 32 - 50.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.1.39851 EDN: FTGSPS URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39851
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Abstract:
The object of the study is professional stress, which is understood as a particular variant of the general adaptation syndrome, which is a functional state associated with the performance of professional activity, expressed in mental and physical reactions to stressful work situations that arise under the influence of emotionally negative and extreme factors. The subject of the study is the categories of professional stress analysis of Russian police officers. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the experience of foreign and domestic studies of professional stress in law enforcement; identification of categories of analysis of professional stress on a sample of Russian police officers. In the empirical part, a content analysis of respondents' responses to a subjective description of professional stress situations is carried out. The main conclusions of the study are:
1. The topic of professional stress in the activities of law enforcement agencies has received quite a lot of attention in both foreign and domestic studies, but they are of a private detailed nature, comprehensive studies, there is no integration of results.
2. The efforts of foreign researchers are aimed at developing trainings and training programs for coping with stress and rehabilitation of both active and retired officers. Domestic researchers propose to introduce stress resistance trainings already in the process of training cadets and undergoing initial police training, which is quite appropriate. For current employees, domestic researchers suggest using general psychological tools for psychocorrection of stress, but it should be adapted to the specifics of the professional activities of police officers.
3. The conducted content analysis of Russian police officers' perceptions of professional situations that cause stress revealed 8 key units of analysis: competencies; work parameters; social interaction; working conditions and organization; threat to personal safety; imbalance; dissatisfaction; personal fears and worries. The high role of personal subjective perception of professional stress situations is illustrated.
4. Promising directions for further research of the topic are highlighted
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krotovskaya N.G., Kulagina-Yartseva V.S. —
Application of Lacan's Theory in Clinical Psychoanalysis (translation)
// Psychologist.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 76 - 108.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2012.1.142 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=142
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Abstract:
Lacan had a quite unusual style of work for a psychiatrist. From the very beginning he intended to play the role of the unconscious in conversation. He did not bother a patient by his questions. But if Lacan did ask questions, he did not try to make a diagnosis by his questions. His questions were mostly related to the process of psychotherapy. Those questions were an attempt to recode a patient's speech but did not discover the code itself. Even if Lacan accidentally discovered the code, it still remained a mysterious code. Lacan's style cut across with the hospital traditions but Lacan still treated the classical style of psychotherapy with much respect.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mordas E.S. —
Pregnancy and Discovery of Femininity
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 164 - 185.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.3.646 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=646
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Abstract:
The problem of discovery of femininity can be viewed in terms of pregnancy as a special condition of a woman. A desire to have a child is an important part of the development of femininity. Pregnancy is the culmination of that desire which usually arises in her childhood. The article presents the ideas of a famous psychoanalyst Deutsch on reproductive development of a woman and describes feelings and emotions a woman goes through during pregnancy based on D. Kestenberg, T. Benedek, M. Bonaparte and other authors. Pregnancy can be seen as a particular stage of female development (that is accompanied with regressive and progressive tendencies) and achievement of a certain social status, new object-relationships and other level of gender identity. Pregancy can be viewed as the proof of femininity and proper functioning of a female body. Each stage of pregnancy actualizes new emotions, fear and anxiety. Woman's condition during pregnancy may discover a path for discovering female identity and present an opportunity for a new access to unconscious conflicts, desires and fantasies.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kapustina T.V. —
Psychodiagnostic Express Methosd in Psychological Counseling
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 76 - 85.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.3.26905 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26905
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Abstract:
The object of the study are psychodiagnostic express methods. The subject of the study is the classification of express methods used in psychological counseling. The author examines the express methods that are proposed by the creators as methods for starting express diagnostics. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of its use in psychological counseling in solving various practical problems, since it allows one to determine the personality traits or manifestations of the psyche necessary for the psychologist with minimal time expenditure. Special attention is paid to methods that are based on a typological approach to the assessment of personality, since they simplify the work to a greater extent due to the correlation of the client with a certain type of personality. To solve the problems posed in the article, theoretical methods are used such as analysis, systematization and classification of psychodiagnostic express methods. The main conclusions of the theoretical study is the conclusion that it is the projective express methods based on the typological approach that will be most effective in the practical work of the consulting psychologist, since they are the most “safe” and interesting for the client, since he or she mostly works with a weakly structured stimulus material when being diagnosed. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author offers her own classification of psychodiagnostic rapid methods. Also, the main contribution of the author to the development of the theme is the presentation of the author's projective methodology 12 Archetypes Plus Personality Inventory, as one of the express methods applicable in psychological counseling.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Serikov G.V. —
Attractive Appearance as an Instrumental Value and its Importance Among Young People
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 6.
– P. 21 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.6.27934 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27934
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Abstract:
In his article Serikov underlines the growing importance of researches on the perception of human appearance, raises a question about the importance of attractive appearance as a value, analyzes a number of socio-psychological and sociological researches of values and value orientations of modern young people and emphasizes that this is the value that Russian researchers haven't analyzed yet unlike Western researchers. The article provides the results of empirical research that studies the importance of attractive appearance as an instrumental value to achieve terminal life values of a universal nature. The research involved 140 students of the Southern Federal University (psychologies and philologies) aged 18 - 22 years. The diagnostics include such tests as the Appearance Importance Inventory (modified version of Rokeach Value Service). The Inventory has all terminal values but only one instrumental value which as attractive appearance. The research results demonstrate that as it is perceived by young men and women, attractive appearance may be an important factor that allows to achieve terminal values, however, the importance of this value is different for various values which allows to create the hierarchy. Respondents perceive attractive appearance as what may allow achieve such values as self-confidence, love, interesting job, social acceptance, health, well-being, success and happy family life. Attractive appearance is least important for the achievement of such values as happiness of others, creativity, wisdom and beauty of nature and art.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gorchakova O.Y., Larionova A.V., Obukhovskaya V.B., Kozlova N.V. —
Study of the economic behavior of an individual: correlation between psychological characteristics and monetary attitudes
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 5.
– P. 18 - 35.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.5.36807 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36807
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the monetary attitudes (financial prudence, money worship, money as socioeconomic status, money anxiety) and monetary relations (attitude to money, representations of monetary behavior). The goal of this article is to examine the specificity of monetary attitudes of an individual, and trace their correlation with psychological characteristics of an individual (risk tolerance and resilience). The research involves 371 respondents, median age of 34.5 years. Research methodology is based on the following instruments: “Scale of Monetary Attitudes” adapted by D. A. Bayazitova and T. A. Lapshova; “Reselience Test adapted by E. N. Osin and E. I. Rasskazova; “Diagnostics of the Level of Individual Readiness for Risk” adapted by E. P. Ilyin; Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale; essay “My Monetary Behavior”. As a result of the conducted research, description is given to the concept of “monetary behavior”, characteristics of value-semantic attitude towards money of the respondents, and the level of risk behavior in monetary terms. It is established that risky consumer behavior of a person implies the tendency to making “uncontrolled” purchases in the context of systematic money scarcity and pattern of debt (credit) behavior. The author determines that high value of monetary resource is negatively interrelated with the resilience indicators. It is demonstrated that such monetary attitudes as “excessive prudence”, “money worship”, “money anxiety”, “strive for higher socioeconomic status " are accompanied by self-doubt and disbelief in oneself in the situations of risk and uncertainty.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Fedotova N.A., Boreiko A.D. —
Stressors of Journalism: Research Results
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 89 - 101.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.3.15284 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15284
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the peculiarities of stressors and conditions of journlaism. The need to transfer information, emotional overloads, and ability to maintain superfluous, sometimes undesirable communication in the professional purposes, and irregular working hours, increase in responsibility for fast decision-making, and deficiency of time in the conditions of which the modern journalist works. Work in mass media leads to an emotional pressure which can negatively be reflected in a psychological state, the creative potential and level of professionalism of workers of mass media. In this research Beck Depression Inventory, Professional Life Stress Scale and the questionnaire reflecting specifics of a journalistic profession are used. Foreign and Russian researchers have the considerable theoretical and empirical material devoted to a journalism stressogennost as professions, in Belarus to studying of this problem field pay not enough attention.The main conclusions is that the conducted research allows to record a stressogennost of professional experiences and to designate the high level of intensity of a professional stress at journalists. However often they aren't ready to reflex and publicly to discuss professional stressor that it is possible to understand as an indicator of psychological trouble of representatives of this profession.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Chernov D.N. —
The Experience in Creating of Quasilanguage Material for Language Training in Middle School
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 25 - 38.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.1.22624 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22624
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Abstract:
The subject of research was the creation of quasilanguage material allowing to carry out language training based on the zone of proximal development of middle school children. A series of artificial texts consisting of quasiwords was designed. Based on the example of middle school children, the equivalence of the texts was studied by the level of difficulty of their translation into Russian . Strategies for translating of quasitexts and relevant individualized strategies for training children were identified. The text consists of words with root bases that are artificial constructions. These quasiwords have no analogues in the Russian language, but the formation of words is subordinated to any morphological / word-formation models. Quasiwords have a certain grammatical role in sentences. The rules of making sentences from these words are subordinated to the grammar and syntax of the Russian language. So a native speaker can potentially offer an adequate translation of such words to Russian language. It is shown that quasitexts are equivalent by the level of difficulty of their translation for middle school children. The author emphasizes the need to teach a child to develop an adequate strategy of problem solution in the course of training. The tanslation strategy should focus on recreating the text’s general sense and its awareness with verification of the translation in compliance with the morphological and grammatical context. The author also assumes that in the course of training quasilanguage material may allow to minimize the knowledge that a child has about the Russian language and help a child to appeal to his or her own experience in live communication. This would sharpen the 'intuitive' search for meanings of words and texts in class.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dzhaneryan S.T., Gvozdeva D.I. —
Causes of Lower Class Corruption and Personality Traits of Corrupt Officials Based on Opinions of Students with Different Attitudes to Bribery
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 6.
– P. 59 - 70.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.6.24744 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24744
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Abstract:
The article presents the results of the research that was aimed at studying causes of low class corruption and personality traits of bribetakers and bribegivers based on the analysis of the conative component content (causes and personality traits of bribetakers and bribegivers) of certain attitude to bribery demonstrated by young people. One's attitude to bribery is defined as a persistent purpose-and-means attitude when a person perceives bribery as the purpose and means in satisfying one's needs and values. The research was carried out using the following methods: questionnaire survey, content-analysis, tests, and statistical methods of data processing. The authors have analyzed similar attitudes to bribery demonstrated by school, college and university students, in particular, attitude to bribery as an unlawful conduct, business deal, or immoral behavior. According to the results of the research, respondents name various situations as what causes bribe giving, while bribe taking is associated ith particular personality traits of corrupt officials. The authors prove that differentiation between personality traits of bribegivers and bribetakers demonstrated by college and university students is determined by the certain attitude to bribery. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors analyse causes of bribery and personality traits of each participant in a corrupt conduct as demonstrated by young people with different attitudes to bribery as a phenomenon of lowwer class corruption, and differentiate between personality traits of bribegivers and bribetakers as viewed by urban youth. The results of the research can be used in practical lessons aimed at teaching anti-corruption values to students.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kadyrov R.V., Elzesser A.S., Bartkovskaya N.S. —
Patient’s anxiety at the different stages of genesis of myocardial infarction
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 75 - 86.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.3.32992 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32992
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the anxiety of patients at different stages of genesis of myocardial infarction (MI). It is a proven fact that the high level of anxiety leads to reoccurrence and unfavorable course of disease both, in combination with other factors or regardless of them. However, the influence of separate aspects of anxiety into reoccurrence of MI remains insufficiently studied, which actualizes determination of the components of anxiety at different staged of emergence of this disease. The article presents a comparative analysis and description of the level of manifestation of various components of anxiety among the following empirical groups: 33 persons without myocardial infarction in past medical history, but in the group of risk by its genesis; 29 patients undergoing 2 to 5 days of hospital treatment for recovering after MI; 27 patients that have already received post-hospital therapy after MI. The observational group included 30 technically healthy persons. The following conclusions are formulated: 1) Anxiety components, such as asthenic, phobic, emotional discomfort are vivid among the patients who have survived MI, as well as persons in the risk group. However, an additional longitude research is required for proving the influence of anxiety into the genesis of myocardial infarction.
2) The currently conducted rehabilitation of MI patients reduces the overall level of situational anxiety, practically avoiding such its components that in the future can prompt recurrence of MI.
3) High level of anxiety is characteristic to all IM patients. The recommended programs for prevention and rehabilitation should be focused on long-term reduction of the level of personal anxiety, such as cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Novikova K.V. —
Art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 6.
– P. 10 - 23.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.6.34487 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34487
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The goal is to determine the areas of possible application of art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The theoretical-methodological framework contains subject-activity and systemic approaches, as well as provisions on the structure and functions of child-parent relations, views on child-parent relations of N. Y. Sinyagina; the concept of systemic art therapy by A. I. Kopytin. In the course of this study, the author applies the methods of testing, interview, psychological experiment, and observation. The theoretical importance of this work consists in systematization of theoretical provisions on the problem and substantiation of possibilities of application of art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The acquired results obtained can be valuable for psychologists dealing with foster families that raise children with disabilities, which defines the practical significance of this research. The scientific novelty lies in development of the program of art therapy classes for correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The research results may significantly contribute to the extension of representations on capabilities of psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities via implementation of art therapy techniques. The author indicates the improvement in child-parent relations: alleviation of child’s the sense of deprivation; better emotional contact between parent and child; emotional closeness; increase of the authoritative strategy of family upbringing; higher level of parents’ acceptance; optimization of parenting
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mordas E.S., Rudakova A.G. —
Parent-child relationship in psychogenesis of female psychogenic infertility (psychoanalytic perspective)
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 5.
– P. 70 - 104.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.5.36373 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36373
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Abstract:
Horney, D. Pines, T. Benedek, M. Bydlowski, F. Tyson and R. Tyson, K. Brisch. The object of this research is the phenomenon of psychogenic infertility in female development. The subject is the parent-child relationship in the context of women with psychogenic infertility. The article reveals the unspecified features of development of women with infertility: personality traits, leading mental conflicts, fixations, defense mechanisms, type of attachment, experience of object relationship. The article traces the dependence of woman’s reproductive function in symptom cluster of infertility on her psyche, as well as influence of object relationship and attachment pattern on the occurrence of mental conflicts that lead to infertility. The following possible factors of psychogenic infertility are determined:
1. Pathological fixation in the early infantile period. Inability to separate from the mother,
2. Inability to identify with the mother.
3. Infertility as defense against regression, i.e. fear to encounter internal conflicts.
4. Hatred and ambivalent attitude towards the mother. Unwillingness to pass on the “mandate of life”.
5. Confusion of identity, improper gender-role identification with the mother due to improper distribution of roles in family, disturbance of personal boundaries, and pathological symbiosis.
The article reveals similar prerequisites for the formation of psychogenic infertility: type of attachment, disturbance of early object relationship, leading mental conflict, basic defense, and the impact of transgenerational experience. Defensive strategies that are intended for coping with intense inner anxiety create an unconscious compromise between mental state and body, which leads to psychogenic infertility.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sukiasyan S.G., Tadevosyan M.Y. —
The Role of Personality in the Development of Combat PTSD
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 2.
– P. 258 - 308.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.2.252 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=252
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Abstract:
The review study analyzes personality changes in ex-combatants, examined in the context of complex relationship of trauma and trauma–transforming personality with inconsistent social environment. The personality problem (in the context of PTSD) is examined in the three levels; pretraumatic features, intratraumatic personality disorders, posttraumatic personality disorders. It is emphasized that personality disorder is the indicator of PTSD severity. It is indicated that trauma impact can develop not only PTSD symptoms, but also symptoms related with personality disorders. It is determined that hostility and distrustfulness, the feeling of being exhausted and hopeless, permanent self- transformed feeling, high rate of anxiety and low rate of subjective control become the nucleus of personality transformation. Description of posttrau-matic personality transformation (in combat PTSD) is submitted.Key words: combat stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, pretraumatic features, intratraumatic personality disorders, posttraumatic personality disorders, posttraumatic personality transfor-mation, accentuated personality, personality transformation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Belinskaya E.P. —
Development of the Human Self-Concept: the History of Studies and the Status Update on the Problem
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 51.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.4.767 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=767
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the develpment of dynamic views on self-concept and identity in terms of general, developmental and social psychology. The author of the artile shows that the idea about the changing Self has been established through recognition of social subject's activity, objective numerosity of the grounds for self-identification and potential manifestations of Self structures and their temporary modes. The author underlines the important role of the actual social environment as the situation of social changes in development of these views, especially in social and psychological analysis. She establishes that an important task for a modern human is to understand the meaning of the changing social environment for him personally. This makes the majority of social and psychological approches to studying Self to pay attention to the diversity and probability of personal Self structures which reflects the influence of general gnoseological principles of Post-Modernism on the development of these concepts. In conclusion the author views the manifestations of the identity crisis under the conditions of social changes ongoing in Russia now.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Konopleva T. —
Psychology of Information Perception: How We Perceive Political News in the Media Landscape
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 11 - 23.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.5.9247 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9247
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Abstract:
The author made an attempt to analyse researches in the field of perception of political information the recipient transferred by means of mass media. In research Public opinion Fund data are used. The generalized results of the scientific researches compared to obtained data, allowed to allocate a number of key features of perception of information on the political event/actor. As a result of research conclusions are drawn that the recipient with bigger readiness perceives and acquires information which keeps within his semantic framework of subjective ideas of policy. Without having full information on the political actor, people are inclined to complete missing relationships of cause and effect, finding explanations for occurring political events. Thus, perceiving information, individuals differently interpret its contents, based on own ways of perception, habits and stereotypes available in society. Dependence between individual cognitive structures of the individual and his susceptibility to information on the political actor is carried also out.Besides in article the factors influencing process of formation and perception of images of the power are investigated. Building a media image of this or that political object, it is necessary to consider inquiries of society and components of an ideal image of the political actor available for citizens. The conclusions received during research, can be used for further studying of questions of management by perception of information, and also at creation of a media image of the political subject.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Filippova S.A., Shelispanskaya E.V. —
The Phenomenon of Dissatisfaction with His or Her Body in One's Teens: Psychological Reasons and Opportunities of Modification Training
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 21 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.4.23273 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23273
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Abstract:
The research is devoted to one's attitude to his or her physical 'self', students' body satisfaction and the role of physical 'self' in the overall picture of psychological wellbeing as well as psychological reasons of one's body dissatisfaction and modification training methods. Being the basis of sexual and partially gender identity, attitude to our physical 'self' is shown through all components of self-concept: cognition, emotional-value attitudes, and behavior, and interwine with all spheres of human existence, thus affecting the individual and social conscience. The research methodology is based on the biopsychosocial model of neurotic diseases and the idea of the mutual influence of objective and subjective realities in the process of developing one's 'self' as well as orientation at the leading role of personal activity in choosing a strategy of coping with psychological problems. The research methods include review and analysis of literature on the topic, diagnostic experiment, verbal methods of psychological diagnostics, mathematical methods of data processing and formative experiment. The results of the research prove that body dissatisfaction is typical for the major part of modern youth. The authors have discovered differences in body images and the impact of weight on body satisfaction demonstrated by students who have psychological problems and who do not have them. Body dissatisfaction shown by the students without psychological problems is usually a consequence of social factors. They perceive their bodies as a whole and their body satisfaction increases if their weight stays within the norm. Body dissatisfaction of students with psychological problems is caused by excessive fragmentation of body image and their weight does not have a significant effect on their body satisfaction. Individual sessions and group therapy prove to be efficient in overcoming psychological problems.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Novgorodova E.F. —
Self-Respect as a Mediator between Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Satisfaction with Life
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 16 - 24.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.1.24174 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24174
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Abstract:
The life quality of Russian youth and psychological indicators of improving their life quality still remain nettlesome. One of such indicators is self-respect viewed by the author of the present article. The aim of the research was to build a determination model of subjective well-being for young people. For this purpose, the author carried out an empirical research. The author tested the causal model of mediation of life satisfaction that involves socially prescribed perfectionism as an independent variable and self-respect as a mediator. The research involved 268 vocational students aged 16 - 20 years old (the mean age is 17,3 ± 1,3). Data was collected using the following psychologists tests and inventories: Global Life Satisfaction Scale (S. Yaremchuk), 'Multi-Dimensional Perfectionism Scale' (I. Gracheva) and 'Self-Attitude Inventory (V. Stolin and S. Pantileeva). The results were processed using the correlation analysis and demonstrated that there is a significant co-relation between all variables viewed whereas p=0,001. In particular, satisfaction with life has a negative correlation to self-respect of repondents. Results of the regression analysis of data also demonstrate that self-respect fully conditions the relation between socially prescribed perfectionism and satisfaction with life. Thus, self-respect of an individual is not only associated with the level of satisfactin with life and socially prescribed perfectionism but also determines this co-relation. The author demonstrates that a high level of anxeity and fear not to fulfil expectations of close ones reduces one's satisfaction with life as a result of low self-respect. Consequently, the author of the article proves the improving role of self-respect in the process of regulating the life quality of modern youth.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Elfimova M.M. —
Developing Voluntary Meaning-Making in a Narrative Training
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 6.
– P. 71 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.6.25010 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25010
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the development of the voluntary meaning-making process that is understood as the mastering of a reflective action that is committed by an individual to put in order the objects of the real and ideal worlds. Mastering of a reflective action is the process of learning the action using certain psychological tools. In the course of a psychological training the narrative form of reflection is interiorised. As a result, an individual makes sense of his or her life events. The content of a narrative training is a narrative inquiry as a specific psychotherapeutic technique and means of developing voluntary meaning-making that allows an individual to define and make sense of certain episodes from one's own life, to structure fragmented experience and to take up his or her own attitude to life, thus assuring voluntariness towards their own meanings. To fulfil these tasks, the author has used a set of research methods including general-theoretical (theoretical analysis, comparative analysis, generalization), general-psychological (teaching experiment), and statistical (Mann–Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and interval scale). The research is based on the cultural historical concept that views the process of voluntary meaning-making as a social phenomenon with a mediated structure and voluntary performance. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author views narrative as a psychological tool for constructing the meaning-making aspect of personality. After testing the program of the narrative training in the control group according to certain parameters (biographical reflection, life modus, reflexivity, and general life sense indicator) the researcher has not discovered statistically significant differences while the experimental group indicators have demonstrated statistically significant differences, thus the program of the narrative training aimed at developing voluntary meaning-making proves to be efficient.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Savinkov S.N., Koval' N.A. —
Concept of Personal Reliability of EMERCOM of Russia Officials
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 37 - 45.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.2.29129 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29129
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of ideas about personal reliability demonstrated by EMERCOM of Russia official. The researchers describe the importance of the problem, objective and methods of the research. The results of the research are of high practical importance. As a conclusion of the research, the author underlines the need to define personal reliability of EMERCOM officials. In the course of their research, the authors discover peculiarities of EMERCOM officials' ideas of what personal reliability means. The difference between groups of respondents participating in the research is that 20-30 year old officials base their idea of personal reliability on themselves while 30-45 year old officials care more about personal reliability of others. The research involved 40 officials of EMERCOM of Russia aged 20- 45 years. The main research method is the author's modified version of Sack's Sentence Completion Test. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author describes views and ideas of EMERCOM officials on personal reliability. The results of the research underline the importance of such research for psychologists who work as security agencies. The results of the research can be used in practical sessions with EMERCOM officials and personnel of EMERCOM divisions as well as diagnostics and psychological counselling performed by EMERCOM psychologists.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kalita V.V., Burik V.N., Ropalo V.A. —
Semantic closeness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk according to the characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 16 - 33.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.1.31886 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31886
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Abstract:
The goal of this research consists in determination of structural-substantive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. The authors examine the relevant problem of attractiveness of image of the city and its values defined by a set of characteristics: material and non-material wealth, uniqueness, adaptivity of urban environment, etc. The subject of this study is image of the city among the students of professional direction “Human – Human” (discipline “Psychology”, 25 persons) and “Human – Artistic Image” (discipline “Graphic Design, 25 persons). The goal is set to reveal distinctive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk in perception of students of two specialties. Experimental psychosemantics became a methodical framework for comprehensive study of structural-substantive characteristics and attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. The research applies the method of group associative experiment that allowed reconstructing and describing the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk by calculating the semantic closeness. The authors reveal and delineate the peculiarities of structural-substantive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. It is established that some of such characteristics reflect the key assessment criteria of the environment: economic, climatic, ecological, architectural, cultural, political, evaluative and other, which presence within structure of the image is confirmed by both, theoretical and empirical data. The authors determine that students of the disciplines “Graphic Design” and “Psychology” have similar structural-substantive characteristics that allow not only reconstructing the image, but also outlining the attributes of socio-psychological attractiveness of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. This is the first study of representations on urbanized environment and its psychological attractiveness in the Russian Far East.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Melnik V.P. —
Autobiographical and biopsychological indicators of life satisfaction of the persons of pre-retirement age
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 5.
– P. 36 - 50.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.5.36941 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36941
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the correlation between the indicator of life satisfaction as a cognitive-affective construct of human psyche, certain scales that reflect the respondents’ perception of a temporal project of life (such parameters as orientation towards the future, fatalistic present, hedonistic present), which reflect the cognitive component of life assessment and various parameters of the life path of a person, such as self-esteem of activity throughout life, career success, material well-being, indicators of overall activity, optimism, parental status and/or presence of dependents, presence of intellectual or sport hobbies, strategies of cooperation/individualism, determined in the course of the game “Dilemma of the Prisoner”, scales of depressive symptoms and severity of chronic fatigue syndrome, and ratio of the biological age index to appropriate biological age as an indicator of the difference between normal and individual level of aging in the age group, and indicator of psychological age and personal maturity that reflect the assessment of self-realization and the adequacy of mental state to physical state respectively. The author’s special contribution to this research consists in the establishment of correlation between the indicators of life satisfaction and cognitive assessment of the parameters of life path, such as overall activity throughout life, optimism, strategies of cooperation and partnership with the surrounding people, orientation towards the future relative to time-related project of life, and establishment of inverse connection with orientation towards the present regardless of the emotional coloring of such perception. The biological parameters of individual aging among persons of pre-retirement age play lesser role than the assessment of the reflected on current life situation. However, the author determines significant negative associations between the manifestation of depressive symptoms and the severity of chronic fatigue syndrome and life satisfaction.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yakimova Z.V. —
Aggressive symptom complex (aggression, aggressiveness, and aggressive behavior) in professional activity of the police officers
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 6.
– P. 12 - 27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.6.37101 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37101
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the aggressive symptom complex of police officers, which implies a totality of indicators that characterize psycho-emotional state of a person (state of aggression), key characterological traits of personality (aggressiveness as an integral quality of personality), and behavioral patterns (a habit to use elements of aggressive behavior in a particular situation). The object of this research is the level of legitimate use of aggression in professional activities of the police officers. The goal lies in determination of factors that contribute to facilitation and inhibition of the legitimate level of aggression in professional activities of the police officers. Special attention is given to interpretation of aggression as an individual basis, aggressiveness as a personal basis, and aggressive behavior as a subject-activity basis within the structure of human psyche. The individual manifestations of aggressive symptom complex is viewed on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels. The empirical part of the article analyzes the interrelation between the behavioral strategy chosen in a conflict situation, level of communicative aggression, and level of communicative tolerance of the police officers, taking into account gender and age factors. It is established that 85% of the police employees (regardless of gender and age) consciously choose peaceful and nonaggressive strategies to settle the conflict situation, and only 15% prefer aggressive strategy of rivalry. However, the attempt to “restrain oneself” leads to accumulation of psychoemotional tension, which provokes the experience of pleasure from bursts of spontaneous and reflected aggression, and subsequently sense of guilt and a proclivity for auto-aggression. The likelihood of manifestation or non-manifestation of the aggressive symptom complex is substantiated by facilitators / inhibitors of aggression. It was also determined the propensity to establish oneself as a reference model and the rejection of the individuality of another party is first and foremost associated with the specificity of communication cohort of the police officers, and can be considered as an option of psychological defense against premature psychoemotional burnout.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Chernetskaya E., Voskresenskaya N.V. —
Human Operators as a Responsible Actor in Ergatic Systems
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 8.
– P. 102 - 120.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.8.10613 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10613
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The article presents the results of research of the contents and structures of conceptual models demonstrated by the nuclear plant operators. On the basis of results of associative experiment features of the contents and the organization of ideas of functioning of nuclear power plant in conceptual models of operators depending on their professional success reveal. The role of conceptual model in ensuring efficiency of activity of operators of nuclear power plants is shown.The purpose of our research consisted in detection of features of the contents and structures of conceptual models at operators of nuclear power plants with different professional success. For studying of features of the contents and structures of conceptual models we used associative experiment. For an assessment of level of success of professional activity of operators level of their official compliance was used. The interrelation of features of the contents and structures of conceptual models at operators of nuclear power plants (further – the EXPERT) with different professional success is shown.1 . Structures of conceptual models at operators with high level of official compliance differ a bigger obogashchennost and informational content.2 . Process of naming of associations is the general for all operators and reflects a certain way of their organization in conceptual model, namely in the form of the "compact" components which are at different "distance" from the phrase incentive.3 . Operators with the high and average level of official compliance are distinguished by different contents (understanding) of some phrases incentives.4 . For all operators the contents practically all associations (96%) was connected with functioning the EXPERT and 4% emotional and estimated (connotive value) aspect of the relation of the surveyed operators to work.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shcherbinina O.A., Ignatova T.N. —
The Role of Mother's Treatment of a Teenager in Teenager's Experience of Loneliness
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 115 - 125.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.4.19898 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19898
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Based on the review of the latest empirical researches, the authors of the present article examine and specify the role and importance of the parents' treatment of teenagers in the development of teenager's basic mental formations and solution of the most important psychological goals of their age. When describing substantial features of the aforesaid stage of human ontogenesis, special attention is paid to the subjective feeling of loneliness experienced by a teenager. The emphasis is made on contradictory interpretations of this phenomenon in modern academic literature. The authors provide a theoretical basis of their empirical research. The research involves 56 school students (teenagers). The authors analyze the relationship between their subjective experience of loneliness, their mother's and father's treatment and the quality of their social-psychological adjustment. The authors have used such methods of psychological diagnostics as: The Subjective Loneliness Scale by S. V. Dukhnovsky, Teenagers about Parents of E. Shafer as adapted by L. I. Vasserman, I. A. Gorkovsky and E. E. Romitsyn, and The Test of Social-Psychological Adjustment by C. Rogers-R. Diamond adapted by T.V. Snegireva. The main conclusions of the research: the subjective feeling of loneliness experienced by a teenager within the average values is normal and caused by teenager's reflection processes and age; the mother's treatment of a teenager conditions the relationship between a teenager's subjective experience of loneliness and the quality of his or her social-psychological adjustment; the subjective feeling of loneliness experienced by a teenager correlates to his or her mother's Hostility and Inconsistency; and the quality of social-psychological adjustment of a teenager correlates to his or her mother's Directivity and Positive Interest. The research results allow to define goals for further research in order to find out whether it is possible to use the subjective feeling of loneliness experienced by a teenager as an indicator of his or her psychological problems and risks of deviant behavior providing that qualitative and quantitative characteristics of his or her feeling of loneliness have been clarified in terms of their relationship with the social situation where a teenager grows.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sennitskaya E.V. —
Dependence of the Emotional State of the Reader and Listener on the Amount and Hierarchical Structure of Perceived Information
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 34 - 39.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.5.20482 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20482
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The object of the research is the emotional state of the reader and the listener while he(she) is percepting the information in different amounts and with different hierarchical structure. The work is devoted to the problem of how the emotional state depends on the structuring and dosing of the information. The main objective is to develop recommendations on how to structure and dose verbal, mathematical and motional information to avoid negative emotions that arise because of lack of information or its redundancy. The study develops information theory of emotions by P.V. Simonov. Theoretical significance of this research is to clarify the terms of «lack of information», «information overload». The findings of research can be used in teaching, advertising, political and clinical psychology. Methods of the research are an empirical study in the form of monitoring of the activities of school and university teachers, as well as a natural experiment with students of 9–11 grades and students of 1–2 college courses. The content of training conducted by the author or another teacher was modeled in the form of object-hierarchical scheme. Further, by observation and interviews changes in emotional state of the subject were indicated. Until now, the emotional state of the person considered by researchers only in connection with the content of the information perceived, whereas in the present study proves the connection between the emotional state and the structure as well as the amount of information, regardless of its content. The result of this study was the conclusion that when the unknown object is revealed less than three well-known ones, readers (and even more listeners) experience negative emotions, which subjects described as a depression or a pulling feeling of uncertainty, and in the case when the unknown object is revealed due to more than five known objects of a linear sequence, subjects experience negative emotions which are characterized as irritation, impatience, a sense of redundancy of the information and uselessness of the further disclosure of the object. In the case where an unknown object is revealed by three to five known objects the subjects define their state as a cheerful and upbeat, the information as inspiring, clarifying, helping them to slice and dice this information.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Iglitskaia I. —
A Piece of Art from the Point of View of Freud's Psychoanalytical Theory of Dreams. On the Question about the Analysis Method
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 65 - 88.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.20892 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20892
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The subject of the research is the search and provision of grounds of the psychoanalytical approach to art. The main idea of the aforesaid approach is based on Freud's theory and proves similarity between artist's fantasy, night dreams and fulfilment of an artist's desire in his or her artwork. The above mentioned approach implies discovery of contradictions and search for what causes contradictory elements, symbolic interpretation of incompatible elements as well as commonness of characters of a work of fiction and depiction of the internal as the external as a result of working with night dreams. Opportunities offered by the practical implementation of the aforesaid approach is demonstrated based on the analysis of Bryullov's painting. Results of the research are proved by documents about the artist's life. The author establishes the connection between life and creative work of the artist. To create the method of artistic analysis, the author uses an adapted version of Freud's theory of dreams. According to that theory, a piece of art reflects an artist's desire and has a latent and manifest content. The same method that is used by Freud to analyze dreams can be used to analyze a painting. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author develops methodic principles of the psychoanalytical approach to art, describes the method and particular techniques of analyzing a piece of art and testing their practical applicability. The method offered by the author to analyze literature and art allows to define deep personality grounds for creating a particular artwork and creates a new, non-standard understanding of an artistic image.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kapustina V.A. —
Socio-Psychological Determinants of Socialization of Adolescents from One-Parent and Two-Parent Families
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 16 - 26.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2017.1.21093 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21093
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The object of the research is socialization as a process. The subject of the research is the determinants of socialization of adolescents from one-parent families and two-parent families. The hypothesis of the research is that there are some differences in the determinants of the socialization between adolescents from one-parent families and two-parent families, in particular, the author supposes that the psychological content of the relations in the group 'teenager - parents' is more versatile and positive in two-parent families wihle personal traits that complicate communicatoin in the group 'teenager - peers' are more frequently demonstrated by teenagers from one-parent families. The research took place in Novosibirsk Region and covered 3 secondary schools of Novosibirsk and 2 secondary schools of Novosibirsk Region. The research was carried out in 2013-2016. The total number of participants was 185 aged 13-16 y.o. (93 boys and 92 girls). There were 113 teenagers from two-parent families and 72 teenagers from one-parent families. The sample has been divided into 3 groups according to the used set of diagnostic tools. The data of this research confirms the author's hypothesis that there are differences in the process of the socialization of adolescents from different family types. The described results proves the influence of external determinants (interpersonal relationships in a social system “teenager-parents”) on a socialization of teenagers from one-parent and two-parent families. Besides the differences in external determinants, there were found some internal determinants (individual traits: interpersonal anxiety, verbal hostility, negativism, extraversion, rigidity, sensitivity, aggression and emotiveness) which are differerent according to family structure. The author has an opinion that all negative effects of the incomplete structure of family can be compensated by developing necessary skills (for example, communicative and organizational skills).
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Berezina T.N. —
Heath as the Factor of Individual Life Expectancy of Russians in the 20th Century
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 72 - 87.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.22781 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22781
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The purpose of this research is to conduct a psychogenetic research of factors influencing individual life expectancy of Russians in the 20th century. The object of the research is individual life expectancy and the subject of the research is the influence of such factors as health and healthy lifestyle on individual life expectancy. The author of the article examines the role of heredity and environment in the genesis of dangerous diseases (cardiovascular disseases and cancer) as well as dangerous habits (drug and alcohol addiction, smoking and compulsive eating). The author pays special attention to the role of personality traits and environmental factors in how one arranges his or her life path. The research is based on the twin method and involved 100 pairs of monozygous twins who have already completed their life path. Through surveying their relatives, the author makes indicators of health and healthy lifestyle for each pair. There is a significant reduction in individual life span of those twins whose lives were influenced by such factors as 'drug addiction' and 'total sum of dangerous habits' in relation to average indicators within the group. The factors 'alcohol addiction' and 'cardiovascular diseases and cancer' evidently decreased the life span of a twin but not in relation to average indicators within the group. The influence of variables 'smoking' and 'compulsive eating' is levelled off by the influence of other negative factors, however, with the growth of the average life expectancy in Russia elimination of these factors can actually increase the life span and life productivity.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Murashchenkova N., Gritsenko V., Brazhnik I. —
Psychological Analysis of Expectations of Russians to Russia from the Ukraine and Other Countries
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 77 - 91.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.5.24294 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24294
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The article presents part of the results of a complex empirical research of socio-psychological adaptation of Russians migrating to Russia from other countries. The research involved 228 people (107 men and 121 women aged 17 - 63 years old, M=29.59, SD=9.54). Respondents from the Ukraine (Donetsk and Lugansk Regions) were 112 people (51 men and 61 women) and respondents from other countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldavia, Tadjikistan, Turkeminstan, and Uzbekistan) were 116 people (56 men and 60 women). The purpose of the research was to analyze their expectations under the conditions of their socio-psychological adaptation to living in Russia. The authors make an assumption that those who come from the Ukraine and other countries have different expectations as a result of the former's forced and fast migration caused by the military conflict in the Ukraine. Empirical data was collected using the opinion poll. In particular, the authors have analyzed data obtained using free-answer and yes-no questions that respondents answered as part of the questionnaire prepared by the authors. Data were processed using the methods of descriptive statistics, frequency and content analysis, and Fisher angular transformation (φ* criteria). As a result of this empirical research, the authors have discovered differences in migrants' expectations of those who came from the Ukraine and those who came from other countries. Migrants from the Ukraine more frequently tended to expect help and support from others than from themselves and were in a greater need of information, help with employment and accomodation. They also believed they needed compensations from the government of the country they had left and had a better idea of what help and support they could use from the receiving country to adapt to life in Russia. On the whole, expectations of the majority of those who came from the Ukraine and other countries have been satisfied. Many of them had realistic expectations and the right idea of conditions, advantages and challenges they would have in Russia which was most likely to be one of the factors of their successful adaptation (based on self-reports of respondents). However, the results have also demonstrated that respondents felt their adaptation was incomplete or were too focused on challenges and negative emotions experienced in the process of their adaptation which could cause additional emotional tension and make them seek for social and psychological assistance. Another traumatic and destructive feeling that could hinder their successful socio-psychological adaptation was their expectations of conflicts from the local population. The results of the research can be used as guidelines to improve socio-psychological adaptation of migrants as well as to create a program of psychological assistance of migrants from the former Soviet republics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shilova N.P., Brudanov P.P. —
Change of perceptions of the image of the future among youth
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 4.
– P. 45 - 59.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.4.32736 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32736
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Abstract:
This article describes the results of research carried out among youth for determining the perceptions of the image of the future. The image of the future is a dynamic psychological state that sets a vector of life and self-organization of individuals, and serves as the basis for projecting the development of personality and resources, essential for realization of its life path. Leaning on the analysis of existing perceptions of the image of the future suitable for youth, it was established that it relates to the perception of life as a dependent on the subject of activity, which correlates with independence, self-control, acceptance of social roles and emotional self-esteem. The author assumes that there are three key strategies in description of the image of the future for young men and women: planning, description of emotional relationships, and self-determination. The research involved total of 1,538 respondents (610 male and 928 female, aged 14-28. The classical methodology developed by I. S. Kon “Me in 5 Years” served as the main method for this study. Images of the future for young men and women contain both, different and similar strategies. Young women receiving vocational education see their future through planning, and the ones studying in high school and universities – through self-determination. Young men who study in high school and universities see their future through emotional relationships, and students of vocational education – through self-determination. This implies that namely the level of educational institution (school, university, vocational education) allows forming certain gender differences in the image of the future.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Berezina T.N. —
The reserve abilities on the tree of human evolution
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 2.
– P. 229 - 257.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.2.260 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=260
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Abstract:
This article deals with the position of psychic abilities on the evolutionary tree of humans. It analyzes publications about psychic phenomena over the last two centuries as well as the writing of A.G. Li, R. Dzhan and others. The analysis shows a complete lack of progress: researchers have conducted the same experiments in order to explain the same ideas again and again. The article takes note of the paradox of psychic phenomena: no one can prove or deny their existence. It provides examples of phenomena in the same order as other living species: simple organisms, worms, cephalopods, birds and monkeys. It is assumed that any new ability appears in the evolutionary sequence twice: first as unstable accident and, at a later stage, as a stable ability. Perhaps this is true of psychic abilities also. The article proposes directions for future research in order to study the nature of psychic abilities. It argues that the issue of reserve abilities can be clarified only after we understand the mechanisms of the functioning of psychic abilities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ovrutskiy A.V. —
Psychology of Consumer Addiction
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 31 - 38.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.2.18906 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18906
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The article is devoted to the psychological aspects of consumer addiction. The author outlines psychoanalytical, behavioral and cognitive approaches to analyzing consumer behavior. According to the author, the general feature of the psychological approach to consumption is the analysis of consumer process as being predetermined by personal and socio-psychological phenomena. The importance of the topic is conditioned by the growing number of so-called consumer neuroses as a result of the development of the new consumder society and transformations of modern personality. In particular, the latter includes the systemic fragmentation of consciousness, new 'mosaic' and clip-like perception and worldview and multiple personality disorder (MPD) as a new nosological entity. The researcher analyzes a psychological-evolutionary classification of consumption types including introjection, assimilation and projection. Ovrutsky considers the following to be consumer additictions: oniomania, 'collectors' fanaticism', drug abuse, alcohol abuse, tobacco addiction, Internet addiction, gambling, cleptomania, and pathological collecting. In his research Ovrutsky provides a general description of the consumer society and modern consumer. The researcher has used psychological methods to analyze consumer addictions. The results of the research demonstate that effective application of psychological methods to the analysis and treatment of consumer neuroses implies consideration of a wider socio-economic environment of personality disorders. Meanwhile, descriptive and explanatory schemes used in psychology give us a hope that they can be successfully applied to the process of humanization of personality and society in general. The main conclusions are the following. 1. Psychological studies of consumer addictions go beyound methodological borders of behaviorism and today's 'psychology of consumption' exists within the frameworks of neopsychoanalysis and cognitivism. 2. The psychological-evolutionary classification of consumption types based on the neocognitivist model has a high level of heuristicity and can be applied to diagnostics and treatment. 3. The general vector of the ontogenetic development of consumption goes from the introjective type of consumption to assimilative and projective types of consumption, thus following the general pattern of the development of consumption in phylogenesis.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sennitskaya E.V. —
Managing the audience attention using object-hierarchical method of modelling and dosing of the information (on the example of a training session)
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 102 - 114.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.4.19908 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19908
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Abstract:
The object of the research is the attention of school and college students while they are percepting the information in different amounts and with different hierarchical structure. The work is devoted to the problem of how the attention of listener depends on the structuring and dosing of the information. The main objective is to develop recommendations on how to structure and dose verbal, mathematical and motional information to avoid the attention wandering and discipline breaching that arise because of lack of information or its redundancy. The additional objective is the development of the easy-to-use method of calculating of the amount of verbal information that can be used as a instrument of modelling of the training session. Methods of research are an empirical study in the form of monitoring of the activities of school and university teachers, as well as a natural experiment with students of 1, 3, 5 and 6 grades and students of 1–2 college courses. The content of training conducted by the author or another teacher was modeled in the form of object-hierarchical scheme. Further, by observation and audio recording changes in attention of subjects were indicated.The result of this study was the conclusion that when the abstract objects are revealed by less than 3 or more than 5 concrete ones, listeners experience the attention wandering and the discipline breaching. In case when the abstract objects are revealed by 3–5 concrete ones the teacher can easily maintain discipline during all the lesson at condition that the lesson is formed as a hierarchical structure with 4–5 branches, each of them with depth of 3–5 hierarchy levels. The findings of research can be used in teaching, advertising, political and clinical psychology.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pakhalkova A.A. —
Emotional Well-Being as a Component of Education Environment Security
// Psychologist.
– 2015. – ¹ 1.
– P. 44 - 65.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2015.1.13783 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13783
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Abstract:
In her article Pakhalkova describes the problem of developing emotional well-being as a component of education environment secuity. The researcher analyzes different approaches to the definitions of psychological security, emotional security, emotional well-being, emotional ill-being, emotional health, etc. Psychologically safe or secure education environment is viewed as the environment free of any kind of violence that satisfies school student's need in personal open communication and has an important reference to him. Emotionally safe or secure education environment is viewed as the environment full of true positive emotions while negative emotions are minimized there. The purpose of the present research is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the problem of developing emotional well-being at school as a component of psychological security of education environment. The researcher has applied theoretical research methods. Pakhalkova offers her own definition of emotional security of the education environment as an emotionally positive experience of a school student when all the social needs typical for children of his age are satisfied and this emotionally positive experience is stable with time. The researcher also examines the correlation between emotional well-being of students and their health and notes that emotional well-being has a positive influence on children's health. Pakhalkova also offers particular psychological methods allowing to achieve emotional well-being through developing children's ability to control and regulate their emotions.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pukhareva T.S. —
Psychological Safety and its Role in the Professional Development of the Person
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 9 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.2.19195 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19195
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the psychological safety of the person in terms of professional development. This paper presents the analysis of the conceptual approaches to the problem of psychological safety of the person and theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of psychological safety of the person in terms of his/her professional development. Psychological safety is viewed as an integral psychological phenomenon which is experienced as the feeling of being protected against external and internal threats and guarantees the optimum performance of the person. Special attention is paid to the question about the role of psychological safety in the constructive professional development of the person. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes fundamental principles of personality psychology and developmental psychology, basic theoretical provisions of the activity approach to personal development, ideas about psychological relations of the person, conceptual approaches to the analysis of the phenomenon of psychological safety and ideas about the professional development of the person. The author's contribution to the topic is caused by the fact that on the basis of theoretical analysis she attempts to define the functions of psychological safety of the person as a determinant of constructive professional development and underlines the terms that define the state of psychological safety of the person in the professional sphere of his/her activity. It is noted that as the feeling of being protected against external threats, psychological safety provides behavior aimed at constructive solutions to life's challenges. It is stated that psychological safety of the person initiates his/her activity in the professional environment, is a prerequisite for professional self-realization, provides efficiency of personality and his/her self-organization in the labor, promotes the preservation of professional identity, is a personal resource that allows to save the optimal status of the individual in the labour, and provides a positive functioning of personality in the profession. At the end of the article the author concludes about the important role of psychological safety in the process of constructive professinal development as well as about multiple aspects of the problem of psychological safety and prospects for further research of psychological safety in scientific and practical studies of the psychology of professional development.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shutenko E.N. —
Psychological Health of Young People under the Conditions of Social Transformations in a Modern Society
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 32 - 40.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.3.27044 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27044
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the problem of strengthening the psychological health of young people in a crisis-transformational situation of the development of society. The purpose of the study was to identify particularly serious sociocultural deformations that negatively affect the psychological status of modern Russian youth. The subject of the research is the psychological health as a phenomenon of the institutional and mental integrity of society. With regard to the development of youth, this phenomenon was considered as an effect and result of its productive socialization, the formation of an adequate picture of the world, positive self-awareness and constructive patterns of life activity. The scientific reflection of the problem is made on the basis of the methodology of sociocultural determination of the psychological development of a person and social groups. The analysis of research and approaches in the field of health psychology is presented. The leading tendencies of deformation of the pisosphere and youth consciousness are shown. The basic levels of identification of sociocultural challenges to the health of the young generation are described: geo-cultural, historical-formational, sociopolitical, political-economic, sociological, psychological. The novelty of the work is caused by the author's conceptual transition from the egocentric paradigm of understanding psychological well-being and health to a culture-centric paradigm based on the life-activity plan of the individual as a full-fledged subject. The obtained results can serve as an important theoretical tool for the analysis of cultural-genetic factors of the psychological health of young people and the development of comprehensive measures to strengthen and maintain it under modern conditions.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kiseleva N.V. —
Continuing Education as Perceived by Students at Particular Stages of Education
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 41 - 50.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.5.27652 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27652
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Abstract:
In her article Kiseleva analyzes the perception of the continuing education phenomenon by students at different stages of education, i.e. college, Bachelor Degree studies, Master Degree studies / Doctorate, additional education (retraining programs). Kiseleva analyzes what different groups of students think of a person who studies throughout his or her life. In additino, she also provides the results of her analysis of attributive beliefs of students on continuing education as these are viewed by teachers and other students. The author discovers statistically significant differences in attitudes towards continuing education demonstrated by students who are at different stages of education. The research involved 593 respondents and covered representatives of all stages of continuing education (college students, Bachelor Degree students, Master Degree students or Doctorate Degree students, and those who are undertaking retraining courses). In the course of her research Kiseleva has applied the following methods and tests: standard questionnaire, Osgood's semantic differential method, and Schartz' Personaly Inventory. As a result of the research, the author has made the following conclusions. At the early stages of education (college and Bachelor Degree studies) students demonstrate mainly positive attitude to continuing education and perceive it as promising, beneficial, responsible, and interesting. At the same time, they are not ready to continue their education all their life, perhaps because they believe continuing education to be difficult and unnecessary. At the later stages of education students are more willing to study all their life and perceive continuing education as interesting, creative, desirable, important and satisfying. Only a group of respondents undergoing additional training (retraining course) relate continuing education to the development of particular professional skills, but even they do not perceive it as profitable.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kryuchkov K.S. —
Romantic Separation Experience as the Matter of Phenomenological Analysis
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 9 - 27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.2.27954 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27954
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Abstract:
The aim of this research is to analyze experience of separation with a lover. The matter under research is the romantic separation experience as it has been described by different authors. The bases of the research is the methodology of qualitative research. Taking into account that the objective of the research is to analyze the phenomenon of such experience, qualitative analysis has been chosen by the author as the most suitable research method. The novelty of this research is caused, first of all, by the fact that this is the first full empirical research of separation experience in Russian psychology. Secondly, the research provides a vast description and analysis of separation experience which allows to get a full insight into the phenomenon. The main result of the research is the general description of romantic separation experience as it is described in literature, on the other hand, and in actual experience of respondents, on the other hand. The researcher has discovered and described particular features of the process of romantic separation experience, in particular, dependence of the intensity of emotions on who initiated the separation. The researcher discovers particular feelings and emotions that comprise this experience. The researcher has also discovered the 'mind-feeling-body' conflict that creates prospects for further researches.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shmoilova N.A., Kashirskii D.V. —
Psyhological Features of the Value of Health Demonstrated by Personalities with Different Level of Self-Actualization
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 3.
– P. 10 - 20.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.3.28632 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28632
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Abstract:
The aim of this research is to describe special features of the value of health demonstrated by an individual with a particular level of self-actualization. The subject of the research is psychological features of the value of health demonstrated by personalities with different level of self-actualization. The rationale of the research is that there is a contradiction between the need to analyze the dependence between one's attitude to health and his or her level of self-actualization and immaturity of this problem in psychology. The authors offer a new term 'values-based attitude to health' and analyze the structure of one's value of health. The diagnostic set includes KVS-3 Value Test, SAT Self-Actualization Inventory, questionnaires 'Your Life Style', 'Self-Assessment of Health', and 'Health Awareness'. Statistical methods and models of data analysis include Spearman's correlation analysis, Fisher's variance analysis, Cronbach reliability test, and Pearson's χ2-criterion. The results of the research demonstrate that health is one of the priorities of a self-actualizing personality. People with a high level of self-actualization relate health to such phrases as physical well-being and external signs of good health (activity and sense of purpose). The researchers have also demonstrated that one's personal idea of health correlates to self-actualization level as a temporal characteristic. The results show that personalities who have achieved a high level of self-actualization have such features as a high level of activity aimed at preservation and improvement of health in actual life activity and commitment to healthy life-style. Self-actualizing personalities also have an coherent attitude to health as a value. Personalities with a low level of self-actualization more often view health as a source of intra-personal conflict.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Komissarova O.A. —
Interpersonal Relationships Diagnosis as a Method of Determining the 'I am' Image of Students-Managers
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 16 - 24.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.1.28941 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28941
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Abstract:
The study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of images 'I am real', 'I am perfect', 'successful manager' in the perception of students-managers based on the styles of interpersonal relationship chosen by them. The subject of the study is the styles of interpersonal relationships manifested among students-managers in the chosen by them images 'I am real', 'I am perfect', 'successful manager'. The object of the study is students of management faculty. The study obtained significant differences in the styles of interpersonal response reflected in the 'I am real', 'I am perfect', 'successful manager' profiles in the group of first-year students-managers. In the study were used such methods as a psychodiagnostic method with the use of the methodology of interpersonal relationship determining by L.N. Sobchik; method of statistical analysis: non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test. The novelty of the conducted research is due to the analysis of 'I am real', 'I am perfect', 'successful manager' profiles obtained as a result of psychodiagnostics of first-year students-managers, and also due to identifying the significant differences in students' preferences of certain interpersonal relationships styles in the course of comparative analysis. It is concluded that interpersonal relationships styles based on a strong type of response are the most significant for students and most selected for the top positions. In students' profiles 'I am real' and 'I am perfect' the opposite tendencies in interpersonal response leading to internal tension and internal conflicts were determined.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kazantseva E.V., Kholina O.A., Moskalenko A.E. —
Assessment of Mindfulness Level among the Students Prone to Addictive Behaviour
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 10.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.5.31257 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31257
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Abstract:
The article deals with a new cognitive construct of mindfulness, strongly discussed in the foreign scientific area. It describes principal characteristics and spheres, in which the development of the given cognitive phenomenon occurs, for example, in spheres of therapeutic approach, philosophical and pedagogical approach, the approach of personal knowledge and development. Based on foreign and national data, the study emphasizes the impact of mindfulness on significant personality structures, such as reflection, thoughtfulness, and personal life satisfaction. At the empirical stage of the study, it checks university students for the correlation between inclination to addictive behaviour and a high level of mindfulness. The sample encompasses 100 university students including 52 girls and 42 boys with an average age of 20.2. For the examination of the proposed hypothesis, the authors use such methods as The Method of Inclination to 13 types of Addiction by G.V. Lozova and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) by K.W. Brown, R.M Ryan in the adaptation of A.M. Golubev. To verify the data, the authors use methods of mathematical statistics, as well as empirical results obtained in several foreign studies. The authors perform mathematical processing using the SPSS Statistics 6.0 program. In general, the study found that the high level of mindfulness has an inverse correlation with the inclination to addictive behaviour.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Matyushina M.A. —
Interrelation between professional identity and creativity of students of psychological disciplines
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 53 - 62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.3.32745 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32745
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the analysis of interrelation between professional identity and creativity of the students of psychological disciplines at different stages of educational process. The subject of this research is the correlation of professional identity and creativity of the students of psychological disciplines. The goal consists in determination of the structure of interrelation between the statuses of professional identity and creativity parameter of the students at different stages of educational process. The conducted survey included 124 students of psychological disciplines from Novosibirsk State Technical University and Siberian State Transport University of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th years of education. For data collection, the author used the following psychodiagnostic tools: E. P. Torrance’s test of nonverbal creativity; S. Mednick’s test for “Diagnostics of Verbal Creativity”; A. A. Azbel’s and A. G. Gretsov’s methodology for studying the statuses of professional identity; L. B. Schneider’s methodology for studying professional identity. The research demonstrates the presence of correlations between the parameters of verbal creativity (uniqueness) and vague status of professional identity parameters of imagery creativity (resistance to reservations) and formed status of professional identity; parameters of imagery creativity (development and resistance to reservations), and imposed status of professional identity. It was determined that the structures of interrelation between the statuses of professional activity and creativity parameters differ among the students of different years of education. The senior students show stronger correlations between the statuses of professional identity and creativity parameters.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Inozemtseva N.N. —
Time-Management as the Factor of Developing the Personal Organization of Time
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 53 - 61.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2017.1.20245 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20245
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Abstract:
In her research Inozemtseva tries to integrate two methodological approaches to studying the phenomenon of psychological time: time-management as a management science and theory of personal organization of time as an element of personality psychology. The author provides a theoretical analysis of the matter and views time-management consisting of applied temporary methods and technics as the factor of personal organization of the entire life time. The scientific objective of the research is to examine the influence of short-term planning as a skill developed in the process of time-management on the long-term life strategy. The author describes results of the time-management training that involved students of humanities as well as the influence of planning skills on the indicators of personal and cognitive prospects, duration of the temporary life and development of strategic planning skills. The independent variable includes time-management skills and dependent variable includes personal organization of time. The results of the research demonstrate that teaching short-term planning skills to students causes changes in both situation and personality. Training of time-management skills contributes to the development of personality structures, creates the cognitive prospect, increases the role of so-called forecasting planning, reduces the length of time schedules and provides a better focus on the present.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ustinov D. —
The problem of consideration of psychological constructs in formation of the concept of the motive of crime
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 37 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.3.32570 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32570
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the consolidated concept of the motive of crime, as well as important from the perspective of multifaceted motivational concepts psychological components that determine its structure, such as the personal inner motive and its source, relevant needs and criminal way for their fulfillments, attribute of conscious and subconscious in the criminal motive. The article also examines the system of the described psychological components and their correlation in formation of definition of the concept of motive of crime designated for assistance in identification of such psychological institution, analysis and consideration in everyday activity by the experts of psychologically oriented applied disciplines. Systematic review of literature, existing theories and concepts dedicated to the problems of motivation of criminal behavior, utilization of definitions and concepts allowed solving the tasks set in this research. The author substantiates the use of such components as intrapersonal motive, needs, and important attributes; argues the importance of criminal ways of fulfilling the needs that allows classifying the motive of crime as a specific pattern of human behavior. Special attention is given to the factors that complement the dominant signs of the motive of crime with the attribute of subconscious. The author formulates the definition of the motive of crime that includes broadened motivational components, and simultaneously has specific features and clear boundaries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Rostovtseva M.V., Artyukhova T.Y., Suvorova N.V., Avdeeva T.G., Fedorova E.P. —
The study of the relationship between personal attitudes, the level of self-actualization and satisfaction with marriage in married couples.
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 3.
– P. 47 - 59.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.3.38302 EDN: XZPVPS URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38302
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The subject of the study of this article are the factors affecting marital satisfaction of married couples. In particular, the relationship between satisfaction with marriage and personal attitudes and the level of self-actualization of spouses was investigated. The following methods were used in the study: "marriage satisfaction test questionnaire" (OUB). Authors: V.V. Stolina, T.L. Romanova, G.P. Butenko; test "Measuring attitudes in a married couple". Authors: Alyoshina Yu.E., Gozman L.Ya., Dubovskaya E.M.; self-actualization test (SAT), measuring self-actualization on two basic and a number of additional scales (author: Alyoshina Yu.E, etc.). The study involved 20 married couples with a marriage experience of 7-10 years. The conducted research has shown that the degree of satisfaction with marriage depends on personal attitudes and the level of self-actualization of the individual. Men are more satisfied with marriage than women, they make fewer claims to their spouse, they are more satisfied with family life. There is also a relationship between husband and wife satisfaction with marriage: the more satisfied one is, the more satisfied the other is with marriage.
The diagnostic data of the subjects' self-actualization showed that there is a relationship between the degree of satisfaction with marriage and the scales: competence in time, self-reliance, value orientations, flexibility of behavior, self-esteem, self-acceptance. Statistical analysis has shown that there is a relationship between satisfaction with marriage and the desire to divorce, the attitude to romantic love and the significance in sexual relations.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Erzin A.I. —
On the Proactive Ñoping Behavior
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 1.
– P. 89 - 100.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.1.274 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=274
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological grounds of the phenomenon of proactive coping behavior. According to the author, modern psychological researches are mostly focused on studying traditional coping strategies representing reactive (adaptive) behavior aimed at coping with actual stressful events. At the same time Russian psychology doesn't have enough data concerning functioning and the role of other coping behavior, proactive coping, in the process of adaptation.The author of the article carries out a comparative analysis of the main types of coping strategies. Functions and key components of proactive coping behavior are analysed. The model of proactive coping is presented. The author believes that research of personal resources of proactive coping behavior will become one of development tendencies in the modern Russian psychology during the next decade.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bessonova A.D. —
Humanitarian Students' Perceptions of Friendship and Love
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 17.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.6.9540 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9540
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Abstract:
In article results of empirical research of ordinary representations of modern students about friendship and love are stated. These relations act as basic, fundamental and is integral personally significant vital relations. In work the lack of modern researches in the field of the fundamental vital relations as the modern world has dynamic impact on development of the person, including on his relations in the most various aspects is noted. In what party there are these changes to psychologists, teachers and society as a whole need to know.In empirical part of research results of associative and projective diagnostics are presented. Features of associative perception understanding of the relations of friendship and love are described, subjective classifications of friendship and love and as the correlation relations between value judgment by respondents of experience of friendship and love in the life and parameters of tendency to sympathy or love experience, style of the interpersonal behavior, the standardized techniques measured by scales are defined are systematized.The scientific analysis of results of research showed that concerning friendship and love of representation of youth don't duplicate habitual ordinary stereotypes. For example, the associative perception understanding students humanists of a phenomenon concept "friendship" is positive focused, not containing negative aspects of an assessment. In too time, an associative array of the concept "love" includes both positive, and negative words characteristics. In associative estimates and classifications-tipologiyakh of the relations of friendship and love reflection of subjective experience of respondents, their actual experiences and the relations dominates. Smyslo-obobshchenny social experience and reflexive erudition are presented considerably to a lesser extent. The analysis of the correlation relations between studied parameters showed the potential of positive interrelation between tendency of respondents to the love and sympathy relations and existence of such relations in their life, and as, an appreciation of the relations of love, as a whole in life of people.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Subbotsky E. —
Excurstion to the World Behind the Looking-Glass: Magic Thinking in the Modern World
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 4.
– P. 30 - 73.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.4.12322 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=12322
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Abstract:
In article questions are considered: What is the magic reality? This reality gets into what spheres of life of the modern person? In what the reason of penetration of magic reality into life of the modern person? To what consequences can lead such penetration? In the ancient time and the Middle Ages access to magic reality was provided by religion or alternative religions of practice: witchcraft, sorcery, astrology, alchemy. During the Renaissance era art joined them. In the XIX century there was a movement of a spiritualizm, in XX – parapsychology. At last at the end of XX - the beginning of the XXI century there are portable interactive forms of visual representation of magic reality – computer games and the Internet, and a wide circulation of individual electronic displays (laptops, ah-pedov, of iPhones, etc.) brought the interactive world of a world behind the looking-glass into a family and a nursery. Psychological researches showed that the belief in the magic world at the modern person didn't disappear, and left deep into the unconscious. This hidden belief sprouts to all spheres of modern life: economy, policy, medicine, morals, entertainments, education, even in physics and science about a brain. Why children "sit down" on games in which they possess magic force? Why rational people often make economically unprofitable decisions? How it turns out, what the educated people can accept opinion of politicians which contradicts its radical interests? Why in medicine the effect of placebo works? From where at terrorists, both during war, and during the world, such fanatical determination and strength of mind? How it is possible, what even in the absence of supervision, in themselves, some people choose good, but not angrily, acting contrary to own benefit? Why physiologists call work of a brain as "magic"? The answer to these and other questions – in extramental belief of the modern person in supernatural. Novelty: (1) For the first time some phenomena in the sphere of children's game, policy, economy, medicine, morals, and science about a brain are considered in the context of the last psychological researches of magic thinking; (2) Also consideration of historical evolution of access for the person to magic reality, and also consequences of contact with this reality for the individual and society is new. Conclusions: (1) The magic thinking during which known laws of physics can be broken, of biology and psychology, widely practices in the modern world in the form of entertainments, games, and other kinds of activity based on imagination; (2) Both children, and educated adults, consciously or unconsciously, trust in possibility of the supernatural; (3) This hidden belief generates specific effects in different spheres of life: to policy, economy, medicine, the moral sphere, the sphere of entertainments, even in the sphere of science; (4) The wide circulation of interactive electronic displays facilitates access for the modern person to the imagined world of the supernatural; (5) As a result the probability of influence of the hidden belief in supernatural on behavior of the person increases.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ovrutskiy A.V. —
Reputation. Discourse about Reputation. Reputational Damage
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 10 - 18.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.4.19631 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19631
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Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to provide definitions of the terms 'reputation', 'discourse about reputation' and 'reputational damage'. In this research Ovrutsky also describes social-psychological, economic, cultural, legal and sociological aspects of reputation. Reputation is viewed as an interdisciplinary term and a specific phenomenon of professional communication practices, public relations being the main practices in this case. The author of the article draws on the statement that reputation is a binary phenomenon. On the one hand, it is a non-material psychological and economic resource allowing reputation objects (enterprise, person, country, particular social groups) to convert emotional patterns of stakeholders influencing the reputation of social groups into economic goods (competitiveness, brand premium, willingness to exchange, loyalty, etc.). On the other hand, stakeholders themselves represent attitudes and views on one's reputation, in this case reputation serves as a social-perceptive phenomenon and oen of the kinds of social attitudes. In other words, as a resource reputation is localized in the objects of reputational management and represented in individual and collective consciousness of stakeholders in the form of social attitudes. In this case social attitudes reflect the part of social reality voluntary constructed through the system of texts. The author has also analyzed the term 'reputational damage' and defined the system of texts designated at causing reputational damage as 'discourse containing damanging information'. The author introduces two concepts of restoring reputation in case of reputational damage, these are the model by William Benoit and the model by Max Weber, Ericsson and Stone. The author also offers his own strategy for anticipating reputational damage illustrated by a relevant media example. The methodological basis of the research includes the concept of social attitudes that view components of individual and collective consciousness as social attitudes with a certain structure which includes the information field, emotional-evaluative and behavioral components. In his analysis the author has used the discourse approach that allowed to combine texts forming and influencing reputation into one system and is characterized with such features as voluntary nature, dialogueness and intentionality. By their structure, social attitudes are isomorphic to the discourse about reputation, therefore its structural and functional analysis allows to speak of reputation itself. Theoretical and practical material presented in the article is aimed at increasing professional communication PR practices. It is concluded that theoretical researches of recent years and accumulation of empiric material on the topic of 'reputation' prove the social need in development of the theory of reputation as well as a certain theoretical interdisciplinary approach to professional media communication practices.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Teryushkova Y.Y. —
Communicative Competence as a Factor of Successful Adaptation of Students with Disabilities
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 54 - 64.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.19806 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19806
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Abstract:
The object of the research is the adaptation of freshmen, the subject of the reserch is their communicative competence as a factor of successful adaptation to studying at a University. The author of the article views such aspects of the topic as the process of adaptation to studying at a University, factors that have a good impact on adaptation of freshmen, and peculiarities of adaptation of students with health disabilities. The author defines a factor of successful adaptation to University studies, i.e. communicative competence, as the factor that can be influenced, thus increasing adaptation abilities of freshmen. The research consisted of three stages. The first one was the initial diagnostics, the second stage was a communicative competence training and the third stage was the final diagnostics. The research methods included: analysis of social and psychological adaptation offered by C. Rogers and R. Daymond, overall communicability evaluation by V. Ryakhovsky, communicative social competence inventory by N. Fetiskina, V. Kozlov and G. Manuylov, communicative skills test by L. Michelssohnen (adapted by Yu. Gilbukh), and questionnaire to assess the level of satisfaction with University studies. The main conclusion of the research is that an important factor of successful adaptation of students with disabilities is their communicative skills. Students with a high level of communicative competence or students who get an opportunity to take communication trainings at the first stage of their University studies overcome the adaptation period faster and better an ddemonstrate a higher level of being ready to continue education in their major. The main contribution of the author to the topic is the development and testing of a series of trainings aimed at developing communicative skills of freshmen with disaiblities and freshment without disabilities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Usynina T.P., Stepanova N.V., Malikov L.V. —
On the Development of Orphaned Children's Socioemotional Competence
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 37 - 44.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2017.1.21363 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21363
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is particularities of socioemotional competence of children at orphanages. The authors of the research focus on the structure of socioemotional competence of orphaned children which is presented by the authors as a set of cognitive (understanding, mutual learning, reflection), emotional (empathy, emotional expressiveness, self-regulation) and behavioral (social activity, social adaptability, social autonomy) components. Special attention is paid to psychological and pedagogical conditions of developing socioemotional competence of high school students who are brought up at orphanags. The authors compare socioemotional competence in groups of high school students who are brought up at orphanages and students who are raised in families. The authors have used the following methods in their research: Emotional Intelligence Inventory by D. Lyusin, Diagnostics of the Perceptive-Interactive Competence modified by N. Fetiskina, Empathy Inventory by A. Mekhrabian and N. Epstein, Social Intelligence Inventory by J. Guilford and M. Sallivan. The authors' special contribution to the topic is the results of primary and repeated diagnostics confirming the feasibility of the implementation of psycho-pedagogical conditions encouraging the development of socioemotional competence. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors prove the positive impact of socioemotional competence which, in its turn, increases emotional and social intelligence, empathy and reflection encouraging social activity, social adaptability and independence. On the whole, the results of the research demonstrate a general tendency to increase the level of socioemotional competence ensuring effective interactions between orphans.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yatsenko M.V., Kaigorodova N.Z. —
Individual Characteristics of Stable and Unstable EEG Parameters in Terms of Their Relationship with Mental Capacity Indicators
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 2.
– P. 9 - 18.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2017.2.22372 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22372
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Abstract:
The aim of this work was to study individual characteristics of the relationship between mental health and EEG correlates as indicators of brain functioning. The subject of the research is the mental capacity in terms of the brain functioning. To develop and implement measures for timely diagnosis and correction of fatigue felt by students it is necessary to study the influence of various factors of both endogenous and exogenous nature on the functional state of students's organisms and, above all, on the functional state of the brain. The research methods included visual acuity test by Anfimov, tests offered by Eysenck and Strelau to determine the level of introversino and extraversion, emotional stability and properties of the nervous system, and the method of electroencephalography (EEG). The data obtained indicate that the functional state of the brain which provides high indicators of mental health depends more on external factors that define the initial state of the bioelectric activity of the brain than on endogenous factors, i.e. individual typological features of the person.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Chistovskii D.I. —
Current Trends of Modern Psychological Studies of Civil (National) Identity
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 51 - 62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.22572 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22572
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Abstract:
The article provides an overview of foreign and domestic socio-psychological studies of the civil (national) identity in the period from 2007 to 2016. To do this, the author selected Web of Science and RISC cited publications on the subject which allowed to see the most relevant aspects thereof. Researches were grouped according to the main issues raised in these issues: the concept of civic identity as one of the social identities, factors affecting the national identity, relationship of civic identity and a variety of plants, intra-identification and national prejudices, loss of national identity, nationalism and patriotism (in-group identity and attitude to the outgroup). Such selection of articles and their analysis have provided an understanding of how to represent the civil identity of contemporary researchers and how this phenomenon is studied.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Lyukshina D.S., Kapustina T.V., Sadon E.V., Kadyrov R.V. —
Personal, social and behavioral components of emotional burnout among physicians (based on the example of a study of physicians in the Primorsky Territory)
// Psychologist.
– 2023. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 15.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.6.69063 EDN: HZYRWM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69063
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the personal, social and behavioral components of emotional burnout among medical specialists. The empirical object of the study was 340 physicians of different specialties, ages and work experience. Based on theoretical analysis, the authors of the study identify the main internal components of emotional burnout among medical specialists: the personal component (a range of certain personal characteristics and states), the social component (relationships with other people, including colleagues and patients), and the behavioral component (professional and motivational orientation of the individual and stress resistance). The methodological basis of the study is the component model of internal manifestations of emotional burnout, which consists of three components. The study used the testing method and the projective method. It was found that emotional burnout is typical (from moderate to extremely high levels) for 309 people (90.9%). The scientific novelty of the study should be considered the use of a three-component model of emotional burnout internal factors. The study determined that overall work experience has no correlation with the manifestations of emotional burnout, but young and mature age contribute to it. Target points were identified for the prevention and psychological correction of emotional burnout among medical specialists of various specialties. Programs can be drawn up based on the manifestations of each component in doctors with a high level of emotional burnout.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pogontseva D.V. —
The Role of Age in Evaluation of Appearance
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 6.
– P. 14 - 20.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.6.27961 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27961
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the phenomena of ageism and lookism. The researcher analyzes the role of age in evaluation of one's appearance of attractive or non-attractive. She performs a theoretical analysis of researches devoted to grading one's appearance as beautiful and as well as the role of one's age in developing his or her views on success, health and beauty. Pogontseva focuses on the 'young age-health-beauty' triad as the key moment of assessing the other. Thus, the aim of the research is to analyze peculiarities of assessing someone else's appearance and ageism manifestations demonstrated by young women. For this purpose, the author has developed a set of 15 black-and-white photos (portraits) of women of different age (from 18 to 60 years old). Respondents were to evaluate these portraits depending on a number of criteria including those that say how beautiful, happy, successful in profession or personal life a girl on a photo is, and approximately how old she is. The review involved 30 young women from 18 to 25 years old (the mean age is 22). The results of the research demonstrate that the age of a girl on a photo does not affect attribution of certain qualities to her (the phenomenon of ageism), however, there are certain tendences towards it. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need in further research, for example, she underlines that it is necessary to involve more respondents of different ages. It is also important to include men in the research, both male respondents and male photos.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Rostovtseva M.V., Novopashina L.A., Nakonechnaya E.V., Arysheva A.P., Varfolomeeva Y.S. —
Influence of characterological features of personality on the effectiveness of professional activity of teachers of correctional schools
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 3.
– P. 68 - 82.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.3.38309 EDN: ZKMJXY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38309
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Abstract:
The article shows that among the factors of the effectiveness of pedagogical work, the personal characteristics of the teacher are important. This is due to the fact that personal qualities, such as sociability, organization, emotionality, perseverance, discipline and others, encourage the teacher to work on himself, to self-improvement. In addition, the effectiveness of the educational process depends on personal characteristics, whether the teacher will be able to find an approach to students, build trusting relationships, motivate them to acquire knowledge, create a favorable psychological climate in the classroom. A study was conducted to study the influence of characterological features on the effectiveness of the professional activity of teachers of correctional schools. In the course of diagnostics of personal qualities of teachers and comparison with the level of efficiency of professional activity, the presence of the character traits declared by us, such as organization, emotional stability, attachment and extroversion in teachers with medium and high levels of efficiency and the absence or weak expression of these character traits of teachers with a low level of efficiency of activity, was revealed. A complete analysis of the previously identified groups of effectiveness of professional activity of teachers shows that the declared qualities of character are particularly pronounced in representatives with a high level of efficiency of professional activity in 100%, and are also traced in more than half of the teachers from the group with an average level of efficiency of professional activity of 85%.
In connection with the data obtained, we can talk about the influence of such character traits as: extroversion (sociability), organization, attachment, emotional stability on the effectiveness of professional activity.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sysoev V.V., Lavrov N.N. —
Psychological Peculiarities of Professional Communication Between Director and Subordinates
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 32 - 37.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.4.27203 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27203
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Abstract:
The aim of the research is to identify the psychological characteristics of professional communication between a director and his or her subordinates. The object of the research is professional communication. The subject of the research is the process of professional communication between the director and his or her subordinate. The author examines the mechanisms of interaction between the director and subordinates as well as possible problems arising in the process of such communication and ways to overcome them. Different approaches to communication are analyzed, and their significance for practice is revealed. The factors affecting the effectiveness of "director-subordinate" professional communication are studied. The recommendations on the analysis of the interaction between the director and subordinates for organizational psychologists are presented. The main research methods used by the authors include theoretical analysis including classification, analysis and synthesis as well as idealization and modeling. An activity approach was adopted as a methodological basis. The conclusion of the study is that when communicating with subordinates the director must take into account not only professional tasks but also characteristics of the subordinate and the situation in general. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the analysis of professional communication from the standpoint of several approaches revealing their significance for practice.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kovalenko R.K., Zvonareva N.A. —
The study of correlation between socionic type and coefficients of empathy and systematization
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 118 - 130.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.3.32751 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32751
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the validity of scales used in socionics. The authors view socionics as a typological concept that describes predisposition of an individual to learning within the framework of one of another type of information using the method of modeling. Special attention is paid to the relevance of examination of the concept of socionics, its scientific substantiation from the perspective of differential psychology. The article explores one of the socionic characteristics – “logics / ethics” and its interrelation with the coefficients of empathy EQ and systematization SQ. In the course of this research, the authors applied the methodology of determination of socionics type, EQ and SQ coefficient tests, as well as statistical comparison of two groups. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the authors are first to acquire results confirming the hypothesis on correlation between socionic characteristics “logics / ethics” and coefficients of empathy EQ and systematization SQ. According to socionics, the people of “ethic” type are more predisposed to high level of empathy and low scores on the scale of systematization; while the people with “logic” type are predisposed to high level of systematization with low values of empathy coefficient.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Klyatis A.E. —
Peculiarities of the Education Environment at Orphanages in Different Countries
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 20 - 30.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.2.18730 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18730
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Abstract:
In his research Klyatis emphasizes the importance of creating safe and developing education environment at orphanages. The researcher demonstrates that external conditions have a direct influence on children's mental and physical development, their main abilities that are essential for maintaining successful interactions with the surrounding world and, consequently, full involvement into the education process. At orphanages the key negative factor of the education environment is the phenomenon of deprivation that influences practically all sides of life and directions of children's development while they stay at orphanages. In order to provide a better insight into the education environment of abondened children, the researcher analyzes experience of foreign states in creating favorable conditions at orphanages. The author of the article emphasizes differences in organizational approaches, public evaluation and legal component of the system of raising orphans in different countries of the world. Based on the example of one Russian boarding school, the author provides a description of typical features of Russian orphanages. The author also analyzes the concept of education environment taking into account international experience. The purpose of the research is to summarize latest data and to make an objective evaluation of orphanages in our country. The author proves the insufficient development of the system of orphans' up-bringing in Russia compared to the practical experience of other countries. At the end of the research the author concludes about the need to inquiry into the possibility of the crucial reformation of the Russian institutional system of raising orphans.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Klimkov O. —
Religion in the Phychoanalytical Mirror
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 105 - 129.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.23224 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23224
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the process of studying religion by depth psychology in the 20th century. The author describes the main stages, methodology and scientific achievements thereby. The subject of the analysis is the leading psychoanalytical concepts that created the framework for the studies of religious phenomena. The research is based on the principle of historical chronology combined with the phenomenologically analytical method and interdisciplinary approach which made it possible to review the conceptual dynamics of religious studies in the researches of famous representatives of dynamic psychology: Freud, Jung and Fromm. Their contribution to religious studies, in particular, psychological aspects of religion, has become one of the most important achievements of modern humanities and culture in general. Moreover, religion itself has acquired better methods for understanding psychological mechanisms and better distinction between the Divine and human in a life of a religious person. Psychoanalysts' interest to the phenomenon of religion has been accompanied with the origin and further reinforcement of traditional confessions representatives' interest in psychoanalysis.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dzhaneryan S.T., Gvozdeva D.I., Panina E.A. —
Attitudes to Bribery Demonstrated by School and College Students
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 65 - 81.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.4.23735 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23735
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Abstract:
The article presents the results of the research devoted to attitudes to bribery (or bribe) demonstrated by school and college students. One's attitude to bribery (bribe) is defined by the authors as a sustainable purpose-means psychological attitude of an individual who perceives a bribe as a means (or purpose) of achieving his or her needs and values. The authors offer their classification of attitudes to bribery depending on the definition of bribery: illegal activity, commercial deal, or unmoral behavior. The authors analyze contents of each attitude component of school and college students and offer such empiric criteria as the level of awareness, structuredness and maturity of one's attitude to bribery. The authors demonstrate that each attitude to bribery of college students is more structured and mature compared to school students. Taking into account the level of awareness and structurednes of established attitudes, the authors show their differentiation depending on their maturity in groups of school and college students. The research methods include survey (questionnaire offered by the authors), content analysis of answers to free-answer questions in the questionnaire, tests, and statistical data processing methods. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors analyse and define different attitudes to bribery demonstrated by school and college students and view the maturity of attitude to bribery demonstrated by school and college students based on the attitude concept offered by V. Myasischev. The authors also offer empirical criteria to analyze the maturity of one's attitude. The results of the research can be used in practical anticorruption prevention and moral education of pre-University students.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kazantseva E.V. —
Psychological Ñontent of the Narrative Scheme
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 39 - 48.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.1.24412 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24412
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Modern narrative researches mostly focus on the phenomenon of narrative identity presenting it as a key construct. The purpose of this article is to shift the emphasis of research to the analysis of the narrative scheme which is described as a stable structure formed within the framework of personal experience. Psychological content of the narrative scheme is defined as personal purposes and actions in terms of one's personal narration. The author of the article proves her idea that the narrative scheme is a basic framework that contains mental and conceptual structures attributable to the narration and personality in general. The author of the article brings forth the idea of multidisciplinary scientific knowledge incorporating elements of modern schematology, narrative approach, psychology and linguistics. The author of the paper analyzes different approaches to the description of the narrative scheme and its main components. The study confirms the idea about the need to study sociocultural foundations of personal experience, revealing personal component in the social deterministic models. Analysis of narrative schemas reveals opportunities for exploration of personal motivation, goal setting process, personal characteristics of perception and understanding of social situations.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kukharenko S.V. —
Lucid Dreaming Experience in the Context of Meditation Experience
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 5.
– P. 74 - 81.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.5.38945 EDN: IPKKZE URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38945
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Abstract:
The subject of this study is to identify the connection between the experience obtained in lucid dreams and the experience of meditation. The object of the study is the experience that accompanies the state of awareness (Pali-sati). In the article, the author presents the results of a study aimed at establishing the connection between the experience obtained in lucid dreams and the experience of meditation. The works of the lucid dream researchers Stephen LaBerge, Jayne Gackenbach, Ursula Voss, Robert Waggoner, Tadas Stumbrys and others, as well as the work of researchers of the state of awareness - Bhikkhu Analayo, Henepola Gunaratana, Alan Wallace and others served as the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. The following research methods were used: the theoretical analysis of scientific literature, the analysis and generalization of empirical data, the formulation of conclusions. The theoretical significance and scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of theoretical provisions on the problem of the study of lucid dreams; discovering the features of the relationship of experience gained in lucid dreams with the experience obtained during meditation. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results and conclusions of the study can be used by psychologists in their professional activities, as well as by lucid dreaming practitioners. The main conclusions of scientific research is the discovery of the similarity of experiences during lucid dreams with the experience gained in the state of meditation. The results of the survey conducted by the author show that a significant part of respondents who practice lucid dreaming also practice mindfulness meditation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Rostovtseva M.V., Gudovskii I.V., Goncharova T.M., Khokhrina Z.V. —
Analysis of the Relationship Between Personal Value Systems Psychological Adaptation Mechanisms
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 9.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.4.23415 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23415
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the relationshp between value systems and psychological adaptation mechanisms of students. The research involved 5-year students of the Siberian Federal University. The researchers have discovered that the state of psychological disadaptation causes students lose their focus on life values and reduces prospects for personal development. Maladjusted respondents were focused on their health (vital needs) and excluded from the cultural life ignoring meta values (learning and creative self-realisation). There were no significant differences between values of students with low and high levels of adaptability. However, the greater part of adapated students tend to choose 'professional and personal growth' as an important life value. The main research methods were psychological tests such as Rokeach Value Survey, Mental State Self-Assessment (after Hans Eysenk), and Depression Scale (adapted by G. Balashova). The results of the research prove that there is a relationship between value system and psychological adaptation mechanisms. In general, both groups of respondents (adapated and disadapted students) choose similar terminal values (health), however, there are significant differences in their choice of instrumental values.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Labunskaya V.A. —
Features of Self-Attitude of Girls Participating in Castings Who Receive Different Evaluation of their Beauty
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 33 - 45.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.5.24249 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24249
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the different types of self-attitudes of girls participating in castings and differing in the evaluation of their beauty by consumers. The object of research is the ìisual presentation of the appearance (photos) of the girls involved in castings as well as evaluation of their appearance based on the scale of «beautiful-ugly». The study involved 50 girls aged 18 to 22 years old, participating in the casting, who had voluntarily agreed to provide images of their appearance for grading them «beautiful-ugly», and participated in psychological testing of their self-attitudes. Experts (consumers) who evaluated appearance of casting participants were 125 female students aged 18 to 22 years old. The research methodology includes the principle of linkages between physical appearance and inner world of the person. At the empirical level this principle implements the system study and evaluations of self- attitudes of outer beauty. The authr's choice to study self- attitudes of girls participating in castings was mainly determined by the fact that the appearance of the person carries information about his or her attitude to his or her self and others, and the fact that one's self- attitude is a factor regulating the entire system of relations, and positive attitude towards yourself and others is a requirement for girls participating in various types of castings. Research methods include questionnaire MRS developed by S. Pantileev, and ten-point scale «beautiful-ugly». To identify differences inself - attitudes of girls (casting contestants) the author has applied the methods of descriptive statistics, t - criterion paired samples, and Ò- test for independent samples. The main findings of the research are the conclusions that girls who were evaluated as beautiful demonstrate such qualities as self-guidance, and integral self- attitude «autosympathy». They seek to control their behavior, build on their identity, and have a clear image of their goals. Unlike the other girls participating in castings, these girls have a high level of self-acceptance, positive attitude and respect towards themselves. From the practical point of view, these results show the need to take into account the integrity of external and internal perceptions when conducting castings.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Byundyugova T. —
Use of visualization in mitigating professional stresses of middle-ranking managers
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 9.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.6.34244 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34244
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Abstract:
The problem of mitigating stress in the companies gains more relevance, since the amount of complex, problematic situations, changes in external environment significantly increases and impacts performance of the employees and competitiveness of the company. Middle-ranking managers experience severe stress. The complexity of mitigating stress is substantiated by the need for individual approach, which is would change the overall attitude towards a stressful situation. It is also a resource-consuming process from the perspective of time and finances. The optimal method in this regards is the visualization technique, which allows each participant to work through “their personal stress” even in a group format. Examination of visualization as a form of working with the cognitive construct “stress” has proven its effectiveness: the respondents began experiencing less stress, and thus les frustration, anxiety, aggressiveness, and more mental activation, interest, and comfort. The overall attitude towards stress has also changed: it ceased to cause fear, anxiety and negative emotions. It has also become easier for the respondents to handle stress that cannot be omitted. Visualization of the cognitive construct “stress” allowed inscribing in into the internal worldview as a safer one. All of the above resulted in improvement of the work performance, optimization of relations between management and employees. The novelty consists in proving the efficiency of visualization technique for working through negative cognitive constructs in the context of personnel training.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Novikova K.V. —
Psychological correction of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke in the conditions of sensory room
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 2.
– P. 1 - 19.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.2.35461 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35461
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the examination of capabilities of psychological correction of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke in the conditions of sensory room. The goal consists in correction of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke. The methodological framework is comprised on the provisions of V. L. Zhevnerov, L. B. Baryaeva, Y. S. Gallyamova on the therapeutic effect of sensory room; provisions on effect of color upon the emotional state of a person formulated by M. Lüscher., G. G. Vorobyov, V. V. Nalimov. V. M. Elkin. The article provides the results of experimental research of the capabilities of psychological correction of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke in the conditions of sensory room. The theoretical importance of this work consists in systematization of theoretical positions on the subject matter. The practical significance consists in the fact that the acquired results can be applied by practical or clinical psychologist in working with people who have suffered a stroke, in rehabilitation institutions, as well as with people with disabilities. The scientific novelty lies in substantiation of the effect of color and light upon the improvement of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke. The acquired results can considerably expand the representations of capabilities of practical work of the clinical psychologist, as well use of the method of chromo therapy. The implementation of such method indicates the improvement of neuropsychiatric state of people who have suffered a stroke: reduction of anxiety; prevalence of hyperthymic type of mental state reflected in such basic emotions as interest and wondering; improvement of the indicators of emotional comfort, adaptivity, acceptance of self and others.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korneeva Y.A., Tyulyubaeva T.O., Simonova N.N. —
Regulatory Processes as a Personality Marker of Psychological Safety of Gas ad Oil Workers Under the Conditions of Shift Work in Arctic Regions
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 38 - 47.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.2.24515 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24515
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Abstract:
The research has been supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation given to young Russian scientists and PhDs. The aim of the article is to analyze regulatory processes as a personality marker of psychological safety of gas and oil workers under the conditions of shift work in Arctic Regions. The authors state that analysis of personality markers of psychological safety of gas and oil workers under the conditions of shift work in Arctic Regions will allow to create efficient recommendations for psychological support of professionals. The theoretical model of psychological security developed by the authors includes five basic components: functional states at the psychophysiological and psychological levels; the image of the object, the image of the subejct, the image of the subject-subject and subject-object relations viewed from the point of view of the psychic structure of regulation. The research involved 70 specialists of gas and oil companies who go on shift work in Arctic Regions. The research methods used by the authors include analysis of documentation, observation over working process, questionnaire survey, psychophysiological and psychological tests, statistic methods of data analysis. To diagnose regulatory processes, the authors have used The Behavior Regulation Style Inventory offered by V. Morosanova. The results of the research demonstrate that in order to ensure psychological safety, gas and oil workers should have a moderately high level of planning and modelling skills and reduced level of independency as regulatory processes. The development of these regulatory processes will increase psychological safety of gas and oil workers under the conditions of shift work in Arctic Regions.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sidorova T.N. —
Psychological peculiarities of ethno-confessional identity of the Sakha – Yakuts
// Psychologist.
– 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 10.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.6.31672 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31672
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Abstract:
This article discusses the peculiarities of ethnic and religious identity of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts, as well as self-categorization within the system “familiar – alien”. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of self-categorization of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts. Leaning on theoretical analysis of the previous works, an assumption is made that as a criterial attribute at the core of self-categorization of the Orthodox Yakuts the ethnic identity would supersede the religious. The author examines the self-categorization processes among minorities, represented by the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts , since they hold such position in their ethnic and confessional group. The article used the methodology of E. Bogardus in modification of L. G. Pochebut; peculiarities of social identity of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts were assessed using the test of Manfred Kuhn and Thomas McPartland “Who Am I?” Determination within the social representations of the Orthodox Yakuts of the system of objective differentiation criteria of “familiar – alien” was conducted on the basis of modified version of semantic differential and method of arbitrary associations. For determination of citerial structure of self-categorization was used factor analysis through extraction of key components. The main conclusion consists in the high index of ethnic tolerance among the Orthodox Sakha-Yakuts with regards to representatives of other ethnoses, their acceptance as the colleagues, and desire to establish business relationship. The respondents have augmented understanding of the concept “us”, demonstrating clear religious and ethnic identity. The author describes the categorial structure of self-categorization of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts comprised of the three factors: “quality of relationship with others”, “live activeness”, and “self-confidence”.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tikhonova E.A. —
Approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research
// Psychologist.
– 2021. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.6.37005 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37005
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the phenomenon of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research. The object of this research is the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior. The goal lies in the attempt to systematize the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research. Methodology is based on the scientific-analytical review on the topic of coping behavior in the works of Russian and foreign researchers. The novelty lies in detailed examination such aspect as the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in scientific research. It is underlined that the problem of coping behavior has been studied in foreign psychology since the 1960s; however, in Russian literature it is a fairly new direction. The theoretical framework for foreign research is comprised of the existing representations on the nature of psychological defense mechanisms, cognitive strategies, and stresses. Special attention is given to explanation why some individuals a resilient to stress, while others face difficulties to overcome stressful states. The author’s contribution lies in consideration of foreign experience and representations on the nature of psychological defense mechanisms, cognitive strategies, and stresses. The article analyzes coping behavior using the concepts of psychological defense, personal determinants, problem event, style of coping, pathological processes, and stress factor. The main conclusion is as follows: initially, an individual identifies a problem event as dangerous and unstable; and then, for choosing the way of coping, assesses the impact and characteristics of stress factor, and personal traits.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Peretolchina D. —
The Role of Family Background in the Development of Teenager's Deviant Behavior
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 2.
– P. 24 - 51.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.2.11907 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11907
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Object of research: research of features of family factors, features of deviant behavior of the teenagers who are in various contexts of a social situation of development (various on relationship and family functions, in the conditions of training at open schools of specialized type.It is possible to carry to family factors: unity, flexibility, satisfaction with marriage, interaction with the teenager, deviant behavior of teenagers to which can be carried: aggression, uneasiness, interaction with parents, and also low unity and flexibility of family system the teenager's eyes.Research methods:1. A questionnaire for interaction of parents with I. Markovskaya's children (option for teenagers and their parents).2. Diagnostics of unity and flexibility of family system D. Olson. (option for teenagers and their parents).3. Questionnaire of diagnostics of tendency to A. Bass and M. Perry's aggression.4. Scale of personal uneasiness A.M. Prikhozhan.5. Questionnaire of satisfaction with marriage V. V. Stolin.
Comparison of two cultures always represents scientific interest. Features family, child – parental relations and psychological features of modern teenagers in the Russian and Uzbek culture, are very various.In the work we will try to understand as far as these distinctions influence a deviation in behavior at teenagers and whether influence in general. Conclusions: proceeding from the received results, it is possible to say that are made by us early hypotheses were confirmed, namely:General hypothesis: There is a communication between family relationship and features of education, and also unity and flexibility of family system, and such violations of behavior of teenagers and their features as: aggression, uneasiness, low socially - psychological adaptation, inadequate perception of the family relations and communications.Private hypotheses:1. Among the teenagers who are trained in specialized institutions in comparison with teenagers from mass schools with conditionally normal behavior, all types of aggressive behavior (physical aggression, anger, hostility), high uneasiness (school uneasiness, interpersonal uneasiness, self-estimated uneasiness, magic uneasiness) meet more often, for the first are characteristic more psychogenic situation of relationship in a family (both the teenager's eyes, and eyes of parents), special perception of conditions of family system (unity, flexibility).2. Psychological features of deviant teenagers from open schools (specialized) and the teenagers who are trained at mass schools in the city of Moscow and the city of Tashkent differ.3. Features of a family situation in families of teenagers from usual comprehensive schools of Moscow and Tashkent are various and are characterized by various profiles of educational competences of parents and various psychological features of teenagers.4. There is a communication between manifestations of deviant behavior at teenagers from specialized schools with a number of parental dysfunctions: an emotional distance, rejection, inconsistency, lack of cooperation, a dissatisfaction with marriage between spouses.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Prokhorova M.V., Larina A.L., Yamusheva N.V. —
Holistic Model of Civil Aviation Pilot Competence
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 6.
– P. 40 - 58.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.6.25133 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25133
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Abstract:
The purpose of the research is to develop a holistic competence model for civil aviation pilots. Before carrying out their research the authors have proposed several hyphotheses: civil aviation pilot competences may be classified depending on several grounds and united into the holistic competence model; employees and employers have different perception of what competences are the most important for pilots; and the hierarchical model of civil aviation pilot competences consists of several levels that have a different effect on professional efficiency. Data was collected using the method of document analysis. To process data, the authors have used a whole group of methods such as content analysis, 2õ2 cross tables and Pearson nonparametric test χ2 adopted by Yates, cluster analysis (complete link method), and structure analysis. As a result of their research, the authors offer their own holistic competence model for civil aviation pilots. The model includes 16 competences that can be divided into the following groups of qualities: professional (including cognitive qualities such as knowledge of English and aircraft flight skills), functional qualities (organisation of flight operations, flight paperwork management, organisation and control of flight operating safety) and personal qualities (meta-qualities such as discipline, diligence, mobility, aptitude for learning, responsibility, mental health, commitment, ability to cope with stress, sense of purpose and social skills such as team building, leadership, and inerpersonal communication efficiency). Employees and employers have a different perception of what qualities are important. Pilots choose personal competences (diligence and sense of purpose) and knowledge of English as important qualities more frequently than aviation company managers. The authors also offer a four-level hierarchy of competences depending on their importance for employers and pilots.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bazhdanova Y.V. —
Social-Psychological Peculiarities of the Image of the Leader as It is Perceived by Students
// Psychologist.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 8 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.4.27082 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27082
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Abstract:
In her article Bazhdanova analyzes the phenomenon of leadership over several decades as studied by both Russian and foreign scientists. She substantiates the specificity of this phenomenon. The author analyzes approaches to studying leadership, these include structural, behavioral, and situational analysis. She gives a comprehensive review of the RM-theory of effective leadership and substantiates a three-factor leadership model as well as analyzes the practical significance of academic findings on the matter. The aim of the research is to identify the content and structure of the image of a real and ideal leader in the views of students. The subject of the researc is the content and structure of the image of the ideal and the real leader in the views of students. To write this article the author has analyzed achievements in the theory and practice of leadership. The research methods used by the author includes the following: correspondence survey of respondents, questioning, comparative analysis of data, statistical analysis of research results. The phenomenon of leadership is considered inextricably with the history and principles of development of the organization. A new look is given on the content, functions and significance of leadership. The results of the analysis can be applied both in solving practical problems from the point of view of a group, organization, process of effective leadership for the successful existence of an enterprise, and from the perspective of an individual who wants to become or show himself as a leader. The obtained data can be used in organizations when working with staff, in cases where a deeper knowledge of values and ideas about the motives of candidates for the workplace are required.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ralnikova I.A., Shamardina M.V. —
Social anxiety as a factor of establishment of a subjective picture of life path during the regulatory youth crisis
// Psychologist.
– 2020. – ¹ 2.
– P. 15 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.2.32602 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32602
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The subject of this research is the subjective picture of life path at the stage of regulatory youth crisis in the context of social anxiety. The goal consists in determination of the peculiarities of cognitive and emotional assessment of the past, present, and future as the components of subjective picture of life path of young people prone to experiencing social anxiety. The theoretical-methodological framework consists in scientific representations on human as a subject of life path, theory of life path and psychological time, scientific idea of the cognitive-perceptive selectiveness and regulation of social anxiety in the situations of assessment. The scientific novelty of the acquired results consists in the following statements: 1) it is proven that social anxiety is a predictor of the establishment of perceptions on personal past, present and future during the regulatory youth crisis; 2) the invariant tendencies in the character of cognitive and emotional assessment of the components of subjective picture of a life path in youth in case of the escalated social anxiety are determined; 3) variable description of time modus are revealed. The obtained results may be used in psychological practice for conducting psychobiographical consulting and psychological trainings of projecting a life path with young people with the chronic social anxiety and social fears.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Iakimanskaia I. —
Psychological features of self-attitude of teenagers engaged in sports
// Psychologist.
– 2022. – ¹ 2.
– P. 39 - 50.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2022.2.37571 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37571
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Abstract:
The article presents views on the concept of self-relation in the theories of domestic and foreign scientists. Having studied the structure of self-attitude, its components from the standpoint of various theoretical approaches, we, within the framework of our research, have defined the attitude to oneself as the most important form of personal relationships, each manifestation of a person as a subject of society is accompanied by the inclusion of his self-attitude. When considering the regularities of the formation of self-attitude in adolescence, we emphasize that it is he who is the sensitive period for the development of self-attitude in the integral structure of personality. The self-attitude of a teenager is constantly changing in the process of living this age period. Its complication, acquisition of greater stability and integration into a single system is natural. We were interested in the specifics of sports activity in the context of the development of self-attitude, the article discusses the features of the development of important personality traits associated with self-esteem and self-acceptance. In the study, we found that the self-attitude of adolescents involved in sports differs from the self-attitude of adolescents not involved in sports. The main differences are related to the higher self-attachment of adolescent athletes and their self-worth in contrast to adolescent non-athletes. Also, teenage athletes have a higher self-esteem of their health, intelligence, ability, peer authority and self-confidence than teenagers who do not play sports. Also, teenagers engaged in sports are characterized by high purposefulness, focus on the life process, the idea of themselves as the master of life and high meaningfulness of life in general. The results obtained during the study confirm the hypothesis that the level of general self-attitude and its individual indicators in adolescents engaged in sports differs from the level of general self-attitude and its individual indicators in adolescents not engaged in sports.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ferapontova M.V. —
Life Satisfaction and Optimism Demonstrated by Professionals at Different Stages of Life
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 61 - 70.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.5.8796 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=8796
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Abstract:
The author of the article studies the level of life satisfaction and optimism demonstrated by professionals at different stages of their life. Life satisfication is viewed as the most important internal factor defining his one's social activity, interpersonal relations and his own attitude to himself and his personality. The latter creates the grounds for other forms of satisfaction including one's satisfaction with marriage, health and work. The level of life satisfaction is greatly influenced by the optimismic life position. In this research optimism is viewed as the manifestation of the feeling of self-confience demonstrated in different situations and positive expectations of an individual. Noteworthy that the younger generation demonstrates a greater correlation between the level of satisfaction with labour and the level of satisfaction with their future life path and the older generation shows a greater correlation between the level of their satisfaction with labour and the level of satisfaction with their real life.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Faskhutdinova Y.F. —
On the Question about the Development of Cognitive Abilities of Children with Mental Regardation
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 24 - 45.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.5.9135 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9135
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Abstract:
The author of the article presents a review of modern practical researches of children with the mental regardation (delay of the development of cognitive abilities such as attention, memory, cogitation and imagination). The author of the article makes an assumption that the delay in development can be better overcome if the delay is conditioned by the environmental but not genetic factor. The results of the research show that different researchers have manged to develop cognitive abilities of children with mental regardation, however, healthy children usually demonstrate better results after taking special classes of mental development. Therefore it is very difficult for children with mental regardation to cover the gap between them and healthy children. However, children with mental regardation demonstrate pretty good results when they take creative imagination development classes including art, musical and dancing classes. Imagination is a creative ability and creative abilities are determined genetically, too. Therefore the author recommends to develop creative abilities when working with children with mental regardation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shchuplenkov O.V., Shchuplenkov N.O. —
The Problem of Formation of Innovative Personality in the Modern Society
// Psychologist.
– 2013. – ¹ 8.
– P. 21 - 70.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2013.8.10493 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10493
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the conditions, causes and particular results of the influence of information technologies on the development of innnovative personality. The authors of the article define specific factors contributing to the development of innovative personality as well as political consequences of this phenomenon. One of the fundamental problems of the theory of formation of innovative personality is the absence of the theoretical model with the basic qualities that have been acquired in the process of professional development. From the point of view of the society, innovative personality can be described as a combination of particular qualities. When analyzing the present crisis situation, it is necessary to switch from the subject-oriented technologies to the person-centered methods that require special attention and need to be oriented at formation of new personal qualities rather than the development of new rules, methods and techniques of the educational process. In order to create, develop and implement the 'breakthrough' innovation technologies in modern Russia, the two main conditions are needed: historically developed advantageous socio-political and socio-economic environment on the one hand and well trained human resources on the other hand.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Goncharuk E.A. —
Erich Fromm and Jean-Paul Sartre about Masochism: Comparative Analysis
// Psychologist.
– 2014. – ¹ 4.
– P. 74 - 95.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-0425.2014.4.13020 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13020
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Abstract:
In article the comparative analysis of a phenomenon of masochism at the neofreudian E. Fromm and the existentialist J.-P. Sartre is undertaken. It is shown that Freud saw masochism roots in secrets of children's psychosexual development. Fromm as the representative of a neofreydizm made an attempt considerably to change this diagnosis. He came to the conclusion that a phenomenon of a sadism and masochism not so much psychoanalytic, how many a social phenomenon. People become hostages of this neurotic state as a result of education, socialization and realization of the interpersonal relations. The power corrupts people. She forces many to seek for love of power, and others dooms to humiliation and subordination. Essentially other look is developed by Sartre. He believes that masochism not so much social, how many an anthropological phenomenon. The power can't force the personality to cruelty or submission if it doesn't coincide with its existential choice. Sartre creates the concept of masochism in polemic with Simona Beauvoir with whom it was connected by the love relations. The author uses methods of historical reconstruction of a problem. It allows to show that masochism has historical aspects. At different stages there were different versions of sources of masochism. In article also methods of philosophical comprehension of the person are applied. Thus, the phenomenology of a sociality is replaced in article with existential thinking. Novelty of article that the problem of masochism isn't reduced only to psychological aspect. For the first time in domestic literature in historical aspect views Freud, Fromm and Sartre are compared. It is as a result shown that from a stage to a stage the judgment of this phenomenon becomes more and more developed, clear and theoretically productive. Existential examination is characterized as the most well-founded.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kulagina N.V. —
Masculine Standard Directions of Modern Men of Different Ages
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 70 - 79.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.1.18046 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18046
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Abstract:
The article opens a problem of transformation of ideology of a maskulinnost in modern society. The review of the researches staticizing this problem and showing that following to norms of traditional masculine ideology determines problems of mental and physical health at modern men is submitted. The purpose of the article is to to acquaint scientific community with results of empirical comparative research of degree of expressiveness of masculine standard installations at modern men. The object of research is masculine standard installations of modern men of different age in different spheres of life such as personal, family, professional. 150 men living in the cities of Verkhnekamye were studied. For collecting empirical data the diagnostic tools were used: a questionnaire "Man's standard installations", the author L. Luyt, in I. S. Klyotsina and E. V. Ioffe's adaptation; technique "Cast in a family", authors Yu. E. Alyoshina, L. Ya. Gozman, E. M. Dubovskaya; questionnaire "Professional gender installations of men", author Yu. G. Tishchenko. It is revealed that modern men of different age have a representation of masculine standard installations in personal and social spheres it is expressed around average values: men of age have "youth" an integrated indicator of a normativnost at the level of average value, and men of age have "maturity" and "maturity" at the level above an average. In the family sphere the standard ideology of a maskulinnost is practically not shared by young men, their ideas of distribution of family roles are displaced towards egalitarian model. Men of more advanced age, are rather patriarchal in this question. Masculine standard installations of the vast majority of men of all age in the field of distribution of professional roles reflect aspiration to man's domination in this sphere, commitment of a vertical professional segregation. The submitted empirical data can expand borders of psychological knowledge concerning degree of commitment to norms of a traditional maskulinnost of modern men of different age. Results of research can be used in advisory practice of experts, when developing training courses and special courses on gender psychology, psychology of the personality, family psychology, and also when carrying out further researches in the field.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Voroncova J., Ermolaev V. . —
Generation Z' Gender-Based Representations of Family: Cross-Cultural Analysis
// Psychologist.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 79 - 95.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.3.19518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19518
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Abstract:
Object of research is gender ideas of the future family at the Russian and Lithuanian seniors as representatives of generation of Z. Authors in detail consider such aspects of a subject as polorolevy aspect of family life, continuously growing tendency to increase in number of incomplete families, as a result of numerous rastorzheniye of marriages, proving by that relevance of studying of a problem of transformation of institute of a family. The special attention is paid by authors to representations of the Russian and Lithuanian seniors as representatives of digital generation about the future family, to ethical standards and the level of subjective control, their balance in system of social representations.And the level of subjective control at digital generation were applied to research of content of ideas of future family and expressiveness of ethical standards: technique of stereometric testing (Garber E. I., V. V. Kozacha); express technique of an assessment of the relation to observance of ethical standards (Kupreychenko A. B.); test questionnaire level of subjective control (E. F. Bazhin, E. A. Golykina, A. M. Etkind). It is carried out cross-country - cultural research of ideas of the future family of the Russian and Lithuanian seniors as representatives of generation of Z. The following conclusions have been formulated: distinctions are found in representatives of generation of Z between ideas of future family, ethical standards and level of subjective control of the Russian and Lithuanian school students.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zakharkin D.D. —
Kinds of Intuition and Their Diagnostic Methods
// Psychologist.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 62 - 76.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2017.1.20278 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20278
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Abstract:
In his research Zakharkin analyzes different kinds of intuition and their diagnostic methods. He studies views on the nature and efficiency of intuitive cognition expressed by such researchers as Nicholas Epley, Oksana Lysenko, Mathias Pessiglione, Daniel Kahneman, Joseph Ryan, and Leonid Vasiliev. Zakharkin also analyzes the classification of intuition kinds offered by Nikolay Lossky and Mario Bunge. The author notes that intuition is a complex multi-level phenomenon which needs to be studied in different conditions and from all sides. The author offers his own approach to diagnostics of intuitive abilities. The purpose of the present article is to provide an insight into different kinds of intuition as well as diagnostic methods. In his research Zakharkin offers the following classification of intuition kinds: locational, scanning, unconscious, coding, voluntary mystical and involuntary mystical intuition. The article also presents the results of the empirical research of the intensity of various intuition kinds demonstrated by students. The author notes that in general students have a well developed sensual and intellectual intuition and while their mystical intuition is quite low.
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