Abstract: The purpose of the work is to analyze the state and structure of the labor market using the example of the category of young professionals, to identify the main trends that have formed in recent years, after the end of the pandemic and with the beginning of a special military operation, to assess how the labor attitudes of employees have changed. Research methods: secondary analysis of the results of sociological research conducted by various research centers and recruiting agencies on remote employment, changing employee behavioral attitudes and changes in the labor market and employment. The article reveals some characteristic changes in the structure of the labor market and employment due to the transition to remote employment as part of quarantine measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, generational change, as well as the reassessment of their rights and freedoms by employees of organizations. The interrelation of the growing interest in remote employment of the younger generation under the age of 25 has been revealed for a number of interrelated reasons: Internet and information technology, remote employment, stability in life and great dependence on parents, a growing standard of living and the associated increase in self-esteem. Demographic problems and, as a result, a shortage of labor, partly related to the withdrawal of a huge proportion of the able-bodied population to the defense sector, the lack of competitive salaries leads to the fact that employers will have to adapt to new realities and rebuild their thinking, including for the younger generation, in order to fill the personnel deficit. The transition to hybrid work formats using remote employment allows us to solve both the problems of personnel shortage and to interest young workers who prefer remote employment and free working to other methods of non-material incentives.

Keywords: personnel management, remote employment, free employment, flexible forms of employment, shortened workweek, four-day workweek, youth, remuneration of labor, demographic pit, ghosting

Abstract: The idea to change the traditional hierarchical structure of the company is emerging as a trend in global management practices of creative industries organizations. The experience of American and Western European companies in the "creative industry" shows that a democratic decision-making process promotes the active participation of employees in the life of the company. The topic of creative management, art management, and "lean" management gets a particularly relevant sound. Today, management experience has been accumulated, thanks to which schools, hospitals, creative organizations, design bureaus have been humanized by the talent of employees, vocation and creative achievements have been supported. The subject of research was determined by the growth and demand for companies in the "creative industry" that produce creative products in the socio-cultural, scientific, artistic, and technical fields. The classification of the UK Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) identifies 44 creative professions, including architecture, IT and video games, publishing, performing arts, crafts, design, advertising, jewelry. The study applied an innovative approach to the management sociology: the experience of creacracy was studied through the prism of culture, the value component of the work of organizations, on the methodological foundation of the "turquoise" philosophy. The study of creacracy culture is based on a set of techniques: value-structural analysis, secondary analysis, document analysis, comparative analysis. Realizing the purpose of the study, the authors theoretically comprehended the experience of modern creative unions and organizations of a non–bureaucratic type based on the foundation of the culture of creative management – creacracy. The authors defined this form of management as the management of organizations, an alternative to bureaucracy, corresponding to a culture based on the values of human-centricity, freedom, creativity, transparency, implemented on the principles of lean or understanding management in the practices of "happy" ("joyful") management of creative projects. A group of types of creacratic management has been formed: adhocratic, chaordic, halordic. With differences in the choice of management tactics, these types are united by the design of management strategies – delegation of authority, coordination, support, orientation towards self-government. This shows the human-centricity of creacratic management. A comparative analysis of bureaucratic and creacratic forms showed differences in values, setting and understanding goals, choosing leading managerial functions, management strategies and practices, and types of employees. The analytics presented in the research results are of practical importance for the heads of creative industries organizations choosing management strategies.

Keywords: creative management, bureaucratic organizations, creative organizations, turquoise industries, chaordic organizations, adhocratic organizations, understanding management, culture of creative management, creacracy, creative industries

Abstract: The subject of the study is the attitude of students to the current state of Russian science. The object of the study is students of Russian universities. 529 students from universities in our country with a wide territorial coverage were interviewed, which allowed us to carefully study how students perceive science in our country, how they relate to this profession and whether they are ready to choose or abandon a potential career path in science. Special attention is paid to measures to support young scientists. The importance of student science is considered as a condition for the development of all Russian science and its scientific and technical sovereignty. The involvement of young people in the initial stages of higher education in the scientific environment is a priority, since students will later become scientists capable of strengthening and developing our state. The study was implemented through a survey in the form of a questionnaire. In the process of scientific research, the following methods were used: descriptive method; categorization method; analysis method, as well as a survey. The state is actively implementing various support measures for young researchers, intensifying scientific and educational activities at universities, and in the country as a whole. However, the period of lack of demand for the scientific sphere as a professional, changes in values among young people have left a significant imprint on the perception of the profession of a scientist as promising. Despite the measures taken, there is still a need to work in this direction. As one of the most significant vectors of development, it is necessary to consider the support and development of student science. This creates professional interest and will allow you to identify the most talented and enthusiastic students. The novelty and relevance of the research lies in the fact that during the implementation of the decade of science and technology in Russia and in the future, in order to involve students in research activities, it is important to know their attitude to science in order to take the necessary measures that will make the scientific environment the most desirable among young people.

Keywords: university, student science, popularization of science, youth science, modern science, science and technology, students in science, Russian science, students, involvement in science

Abstract: This study reflects one of the aspects of social stratification; the relationship between education and economic remuneration is traced. The purpose of the study is to reveal the correlation of skills and competencies acquired during education and the graduates' employment. Over time, universities have begun to pay more attention to social and cognitive skills that are considered important for the modern labor market: critical thinking, teamwork, communication, problem solving without micromanagement. The data show the current state of affairs in higher education and in the labor market, where universities, to a greater extent, focus on competencies related to research and scientific activities, without relying on the opinions of employers. On the other hand, employers want to see graduates with a set of professional competencies that will allow them to perform their job duties without a long period of internal training. The work uses general scientific approaches to the study of the transformation of higher education, in particular, the method of institutional analysis was applied. The analyzed data allow us to take a look at the tasks that higher education faces at this stage. It was found that the link between diplomas and real skills, as well as economic rewards, is optional. Over time, universities have begun to pay more attention to social and cognitive skills that are considered important for the modern labor market: critical thinking, teamwork, communication, problem solving without micromanagement. At the same time, the problem of the slow response of higher education to the changing reality remains, in this regard, recommendations are given on monitoring feedback from graduates and employers (using quantitative and qualitative methods), so that universities will be able to adapt the courses taught more effectively. Especially important is the interaction of universities with public and private organizations that will immerse students in real work processes corresponding to the specialty.

Keywords: university, communication, critical thinking, the labor market, the mass characterization of higher education, the educational process, employment of graduates, skills, competencies, higher education

Abstract: The subject of the study is the process of transformation of youth values in the context of social adaptation in the labor market.The object of the study is the system of social behavior of young people in the context of educational and work activities. The authors investigate in detail the causes of the social risks of youth deprofessionalization. Attention is drawn to the fact that personal values often acquire their "relative" character and are considered by young people in the context of social adaptation. Based on the analysis of the social behavior of young people in the context of educational and work activities, the focus is on the social risks of their deprofessionalization. It is emphasized that the division of values according to the priority of "survival – self-expression" has become key to differentiating the social status of social groups. Higher education plays a key role as an institution, without which it is impossible to implement a model of leadership and sustainable development.General theoretical methods (synthesis, comparison, analogy) were used in the study of value dynamics, general scientific methodological concepts (structural, functional, interpretative) were used in the analysis of scientific and theoretical approaches, secondary data analysis methods (content analysis) were used to study value transformations. The main conclusions of the study are: - the processes of transformation of values in the system of social relations are largely related to the fact that the trajectories of personality development change under the influence of objective and subjective conditions. In this regard, the key role is assigned to the institute of education; - education as a social institution focuses on the dynamics of value transformations and focuses on the socialization of a new generation of youth. The trajectories of professional development determined by him make it possible to reduce "value inflation" and generate demand for the most demanded professional knowledge and competencies for society. The observed process of "value inflation" suggests that social partners have to "tighten" the professional skills of at least a quarter of employed graduates; - the problem of professional development lies in the loss of the value of professional activity itself and leveling the ability of a fixed group of graduates to self-development. We are talking about "relative" values and their binding, on the one hand, to the strategy of adaptation of young people in the labor market, on the other – to sustainable personal growth. The novelty of the research lies in the concretization of the dynamics of the "relative" values of young people in education in relation to the conditions of their social adaptation in the labor market.

Keywords: The professional potential of young people, Deprofessionalization of youth, Dynamics of relative values, Relative values, Value orientations of youth, Human potential, Social adaptation, The labor market, Professional values of youth, Youth education

Abstract: The article presents a theoretical analysis of the sociological discourse on corporate culture. The role of corporate culture in the practical activities of the enterprise and its institutional features are discussed. The subject of the study is corporate culture, in particular, the specifics of the use of the term and the components of corporate culture are clarified. It is shown that culture is based on a value component, the development of which in the context of the company should form the value of work and the value of belonging to one's company, which, in turn, should be congruent with the company's strategy and development goals. The article reveals the differences between a developed corporate culture, such as educating and motivating employees to perceive work in the company as a way of life, ensuring staff commitment to the ideas and values of the organization.   The article used a theoretical review of scientific literature in the field of sociology of culture and personnel management. The novelty of the research is the translation of the experience of a medical organization (Mayo clinic), which has a highly developed corporate culture based on the ideas of customer orientation, as well as the identification of the principles of its work and the features of building a culture. The importance of compatibility of corporate culture and strategy is also emphasized. It is noted that at the material level, corporate culture can be observed through visible signs (branded clothing, corporate symbols, organizational ceremonies and attributes, work environment, etc.), and at the level of spiritual culture – values and norms that define and regulate the behavior of employees in the company. At the same time, values closely related to visual samples reflect the internal philosophy of the company. It is emphasized that norms, patterns of corporate behavior, through corporate culture are tools for personnel management, and corporate culture acts as an institutional management tool. The article concludes that it is necessary to purposefully form and develop a corporate culture in the process of which the primary should be the creation of a value component related to the company's development strategy.

Keywords: motivation, personnel, Mayo Clinic, principles, strategy, norms, values, mission, corporate culture, culture

Abstract: One of the determining factors influencing the realization of a successful career of a scientist is interaction with the older generation of scientists, the presence and effective functioning of a scientific school. However, the ongoing socio-economic processes in society have significantly influenced the models of career growth and the understanding of success in the scientific field. In order to assess the socio-economic status of scientists working in UFITC RAS institutes and their adaptation strategies, a sociological study was conducted in the online format in the form of questionnaires on the Google Forms platform. A total of 170 researchers among all UFIC RAS Institutes were surveyed. This article presents the results of this work concerning the continuity of generations in the scientific community. It is concluded that in recent years there have been significant changes in the system of generational succession. Preservation and transfer of scientific experience and knowledge from the older generation to the young is an integral part of the development of the scientific sphere. Young scientists need to have an opportunity to communicate with experienced colleagues, learn from them and receive valuable guidance. In turn, the older generation of scientists should be ready to support and inspire young researchers. Only through close interaction and cooperation between generations of scientists can the successful development of the scientific field be ensured. It is important to create conditions that allow young scientists to enter into a dialog with experienced scientists and receive the necessary support and feedback. Moreover, the older generation of scientists should be ready to change and accept new ideas and approaches offered by young researchers. Thus, despite changes in the system of generational succession, cooperation and interaction between generations of scientists remain key factors for the successful development of the scientific field.

Keywords: support, competence, science, older generation of scientists, region, young scientists, scientific activity, scientific community, continuity of generations, mentoring

Abstract: The subject of the research is the study of algorithms for the formation of competencies. The author examines various process structures of competence formation. The aim work is to develop a unified algorithm formation of digital competencies for civil servants. The specifics study will be focused on government civil servants who use digital technologies in their official activities. Special attention is paid to the issue of training and development of public civil servants. Author considers such an aspect of the topic as the impact of digital knowledge, skills and abilities on the digital economy of the Russian Federation. Author discusses various training technologies aimed at improving the qualification level of a civil servant. Author considers certain algorithmization of the formation of digital competencies in public administration. Features influence of educational activities on the creation of a special model of digital competencies of a civil servant. The following methods were used in the study: traditional analysis of documents (normative legal acts, scientific articles), modeling. As a result of the research author developed technology for the formation of digital competencies, aimed at developing the professional level of government civil servants and focused on the introduction of modern training models in public authorities. The area of possible implementation of the research results in such state bodies as the Government of the Russian Federation, the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, etc. The novelty research is the development of completely new process of training and development of civil servants. The use of algorithmic technology for the formation of digital competencies will contribute to improving the qualification level of civil servant, improving public administration in a particular public authority, increasing measures to train and develop digital literacy of civil servant.

Keywords: training and development, digital transformation, formation of digital competencies, qualification requirements, technology, government agencies, public civil service, public administration, government employee, education

Abstract: In today's global economy, marked by intense competition, fast-evolving technology, shifting political dynamics, and ever-changing consumer tastes, innovation is crucial. It's not only a major driver for the prolonged success of organizations but also an essential requirement for their sustainable growth. However, despite the widely accepted understanding of the importance of innovation, stimulating innovative activity at the individual employee level often faces a range of organizational and psychological barriers, making this task quite complex and multifaceted. In this regard, this article conducts an in-depth analysis of gamification as an innovative and promising approach to stimulating employee innovative activity. The article explores four main strategies of gamification from the perspective of economic theories and management principles: methods based on incentives; methods focusing on competition; approaches that emphasize identity; and methods centered on recognition and feedback. For each of these methods, their advantages, limitations, and examples of real-world application in leading companies across various industries are presented. Additionally, the article emphasizes the strategic importance of investing in corporate education. The importance is emphasized that such investments not only enhance the skills of employees but also lay the groundwork for a culture of innovation. This culture, in turn, establishes the organization's long-term competitive advantages. The article proposes a comprehensive, flexible, and adaptive approach to the selection and application of gamification methods. This approach can be individualized and adapted in accordance with the corporate culture, strategic goals, and available resources of each specific organization, making it the most effective tool for stimulating innovation in the workplace.

Keywords: steady growth, organizational culture, economic theories, competitive advantage, corporate education, stimulation, motivation, innovations, gamification, efficiency

Abstract: The changes taking place in the modern labor market, under the influence of information and technological progress, are fraught with significant risks for the sustainable development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The process of introducing artificial intelligence into various sectors of the economy has begun, according to experts, will lead to the release of significant labor resources, which may result in an increase in social tension in society. In this regard, it seems necessary to conduct research on the identification of labor attitudes of the younger generation. The purpose of the presented work is to study the labor attitudes of graduates of higher and secondary specialized educational institutions of Kabardino-Balkaria. The conducted research showed that most of the graduates are going to get a job in their region. About a third of the respondents plan to go to work in other regions of the country. Most of the graduate students of the universities of the republic had already worked by the time of the survey, but a significant part did not work in their specialty. Low efficiency is shown by career guidance work. Many young people do not receive up-to-date information about the potential directions of economic and labor market development, and school career guidance lessons do not arouse their interest. Respondents consider IT industry and tourism to be the most promising areas of development of the republic's economy.

Keywords: social risks, artificial intelligence, education, migration, unemployment, digital transformation, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, labor attitudes, youth, progress

Abstract: The subject of the study is the process of reproduction of human capital and consumer choice of young people. The object of the study is the human capital system, taking into account the consumer choices of young people. The authors study in detail such aspects of the topic as the differentiation of employment among young people, the social and labor values of youth in the conditions of consumer society and exposure as a system of expectations and requirements imposed on the individual regarding the norms of her social roles. Special attention is paid to the analysis of official statistics describing youth employment as a social group. Attention is drawn to the interest of young people in new technologies that provide a full production cycle, which meets the expectations of this age group of human capital. The main conclusions of the study are: - the active phase of the formation of the labor market of young professionals involves ensuring a balanced supply and demand. Of particular importance are measures to coordinate the volume and structure of training specialists with the needs of the labor market. This is achieved by streamlining information about available vacancies, as well as encouraging employers to create additional jobs for young people; - as part of the change in the employment structure, it is planned to create new types of youth employment. At the same time, one of the key areas of the state's activity is seen in stimulating the development of entrepreneurial activity among young people, credit benefits, and deepening institutional reforms. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is to determine the directions that correspond to the expectations of youth as the most active resource of human capital. The novelty of the research lies in the concretization of the process of human capital formation in Russian society, taking into account the professional adaptation of young people.

Keywords: Expectations, Consumer Choices, Consumer sentiment, Differentiation of employment, Social and labor values, Consumer Society, Human capital, Young people, Labor market, Education

Abstract: In the present paper from the positions of dialectical method and comparative-historical analysis the problem of culture and law in relation to social progress and its study by modern domestic Marxists is considered. The authors prove that the study of social transformations at the level of theoretical generalizations or specific conditions of development of systems of social relations by modern authors is based on the original ideas of historians and philosophers of the 1960s. The paper focuses on the analysis of the interaction between culture and law in the spatial and temporal dimensions. Particular attention in the article is paid to methodological contradictions in approaches when analyzing social progress in the society of "real" socialism. The authors consistently prove why the conclusions of representatives of the neo-Marxist school of T. Adorno and H. Marcuse about the forms of human alienation of late capitalist society cannot be considered fair to societies at the legal level that deny private property. According to the conclusions of the article, culture and law in the idea of social progress in the theory of modern domestic Marxists develop on two levels. The first level is characterized by theoretical rethinking of the category of socio-economic formation and statement of social progress in the analysis of large historical epochs. The second level focuses on the development of Marx's humanistic ideas, which are based on the principle of identifying social progress with man's acquisition of full freedom.

Keywords: Marxism, socio-economic formation, alienation, progress criteria, theoretical and methodological basis, social progress, regression, real socialism, freedom, culture and law

Abstract: Professional orientation of young people, carried out by specialists of the state employment service, is one of the main tools for regulating the employment market. In domestic and foreign practice, there are many works devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the formation of the professional identity of young people and the impact of professional orientation on the labor market and society as a whole. However, one can observe the problem of the lack of a comprehensive socio-philosophical analysis of the effectiveness of youth vocational guidance technologies within the framework of the state employment service. In this regard, the subject of the study is the role of professional orientation of young people in the process of forming the employment market. Based on the results of the socio-philosophical analysis of the studied social phenomenon, the existing organizational and managerial problems in the process of providing public services for professional orientation were identified. Therefore, within the framework of the study, the factors contributing to the improvement of the managerial activities of specialists in the field of youth employment promotion were analyzed and identified. Thus, the results obtained can be applied by specialized specialists of state and municipal administration in order to increase the effectiveness of professional orientation of young citizens. The implementation of the results of the research into practical activities can contribute to a more rational distribution of labor resources and solve the problem of youth employment.

Keywords: professional orientation, young people, labor market, youth policy, identity, professional self-determination, professional self-awareness, human capital, labor potential, personnel policy

Abstract: In this paper, the authors consider in detail the current state of the conceptual dictionary of sociology. The phenomenon of leisure practices is chosen as the object of research. And the subject of the study is the conceptualization of the concept of "leisure practices" in modern sociology. The authors consider in detail the formation of leisure in social and humanitarian scientific knowledge, starting with ancient philosophical ideas. The evolution of leisure practices from ancient forms to modern varieties is traced. Classical and modern works of foreign and domestic authors relevant to the subject are chosen as theoretical bases. It is noted that today leisure practices are considered mainly through the prism of three methodological approaches: symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism and neo-Marxism. The authors argumentatively show that during their development leisure practices occupy an important place in the structure of human activity, since they are one of the most effective ways of personal development, forming its spiritual and physical qualities. Leisure needs are firmly embedded in the value system of all social groups, while the progressive development of world civilization suggests new options and versions of organizing and spending free time. As a special contribution of the topics raised by the authors of this study for the modern sociological discourse, the necessity of continuous research of leisure practices is laid due to their dynamic nature and because of their determinism by contextual realities. The author presents his own concept of leisure practices, taking into account their essential characteristics and allowing to go beyond the one-sided understanding of leisure, for example, such widespread as identical to free time.

Keywords: self-realization, institute, identity, stratification, rest, needs, society, spare-time, individual, leisure practices

Abstract: The system of secondary vocational education is of strategic importance for the economy, since the quality of training determines the potential of its development. The speed of the emergence of new technologies requires flexibility and structural complexity of educational mechanisms, which is reflected in the decisions of the federal project "Professionalism". The new reality dictates the need for a conceptual understanding of the logic of the development of PDF, the potential and risk-taking of the steps taken and the viability of initiatives. The authors' contribution to the solution of this problem consists in identifying possible scenarios for the development of STR based on the expectations and readiness of stakeholders. The purpose of this article is to analyze possible scenarios for the development of SPE and their assessment from the perspective of key stakeholders – teachers and administrators of training institutions for SPE. Methodology, methods and techniques. The work consists of three main blocks: a theoretical analysis of research on the functioning of the SPO; an empirical part, presented by a description of the author's methodology and data from an expert survey; resulting conclusions containing formulations of basic scenarios for the development of the SPO.  The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a methodology for analyzing the state and prospects of the development of SPO by a key stakeholder – training institutions for SPO. Practical significance. Conceptual constructions and the obtained practical data can be taken into account when developing educational strategies, individual results are useful for optimizing the educational process in universities that train personnel for vocational education. Conclusions. Changes in the value basis of vocational education, as well as an increase in the motivation of teachers and masters (not only material, but also at the level of understanding and acceptance of ideas) determine the effectiveness of decisions and initiatives.

Keywords: educational paths, educational challenges, stakeholders, education policy, personnel training, modernization of education, Professionalitet (vocationality), master, secondary vocational education, vocational education

Abstract: The main problem is the frequent mismatch of ideals when choosing a future profession and various aspects of subsequent professionalization of a person. As a result, there may be a loss of interest in the profession and an individual's alienation from his professional choice. This article touches upon the issue that the idealization of the profession of a psychologist coincides with certain values of applicants, and then during their studies at the university, students make adjustments to their ideas based on obtaining the necessary knowledge and skills. This allows to achieve the effect of the right professional choice and "join" the profession. The purpose of the study is to show how the professional choice of future psychologists is formed and how it is related to the value orientations of individuals. At the same time, psychology of professions and sociology of professions became the main methodological approaches. The empirical study was conducted in 2018-2021 and was based on the method of semi-structured interviews with applicants and later with university students who are receiving the profession of a psychologist. The sample was determined by a combination of "applicant-student" in the system of universities that train future psychologists (42 applicants and then 20 students from this group). As a result of the study, the following results were obtained: the idealization of the profession of a psychologist is associated with the need to help people, while applicants are guided in their ideas about the profession by their value stereotypes: respect for the individual, following moral principles, responsibility for themselves and others, etc. Idealization of the profession of a psychologist is also connected with its cognitive capabilities in two main directions: human cognition and cognition of the surrounding reality and the world.

Keywords: the activity of a psychologist, choosing a profession, idealization, training of psychologists, higher education, values of the profession, psychology, applicants and students, the profession of a psychologist, the ideals of the profession

Abstract: The article describes some modern models of human resource management. The problem of the influence of these models on the realization of the creative and labor potential of the company's employees is considered. The analysis of a number of management models is based on the idea that when building a modern model adapted to the specifics of the organization, it is necessary to generalize and apply the research and achievements of leading foreign and domestic specialists in the field of HR management. The emphasis is on trying to understand how previously developed models are applicable to implementation in a modern environment. It is noted that today most companies are in need of ready-made modern models of human resource management, .   especially in a crisis situation. The absence of a certain conceptual management model leads to the fact that the organization is unable to promptly take the necessary actions to get out of problematic situations or crisis, which becomes a source of recurrence of such problems, generates failures in the functioning of the organization. It is emphasized that the use of such modern models of human resource management will allow companies not only to successfully resist the constantly changing socio-economic and socio-political conditions of functioning, but also to predict them, as well as to use the potential of these models for the prevention and prevention of possible failures of human resource management.

Keywords: forecasting, crisis, HR technologies, HR management, social engineering, management technologies, human resource management, management models, social management, organization staff

Abstract: The subject of the research of this article is the analysis of the remote form of employment scaled due to the pandemic of 2020-2021. The object of the study was the attitude of working Muscovites to the remote form of work. The use of qualitative and quantitative research methodology made it possible to find out the difficulties and advantages of remote work, to identify changes in the family and professional field that occurred as a result of the transfer of labor functions to a new format. The embedded indicators made it possible to assess the attitude to the new format of work, to identify the changes that have occurred between relatives and colleagues, to assess the prospects for further use of the remote format, to speak out about the acceptability of remote work.   The COVID-19 pandemic has led to serious changes in the functioning of public systems, including employment. The Coronacen era triggered changes in the field of professional activity and everyday life of people, pushed states to act faster and promptly regarding the introduction of remote employment, exacerbated the need for social institutions to respond quickly on the entire spectrum of issues related to social guarantees and conditions for the development of new forms of employment. This necessitates a comprehensive study of the ongoing processes and forecasting their consequences. The results presented in this article may be of interest to researchers dealing with the transformation of the labor market and employment, as well as to government specialists who are involved in the implementation of state employment policy.

Keywords: legitimation, market, Institute, profession, remote work, megapolis, busyness, coronavirus, risk, city

Abstract: The economy and society currently pose a question of career building of in the significant social groups. Job market is characterized by the emergence of new professions along with a range of new competencies developed at the intersection of various disciplines. Educational institutions do not always prepare their students for real life, and therefore, a graduate or a person with work experience challenge to find employment. In light of the non-transparency and non-uniformity of the job market, as well as devaluation of the continuity of knowledge and experience from the university to the employer, quire ambiguous criteria are imposed upon the potential employee. As a result, large and complex projects can be completed with irrelevant specialists, and persons with work experience and a desire to continue their career building may be left out. Based on the socio-psychological analysis, the author proposes the term of the “closed door phenomenon”, which literally means subjective and objective obstacles in entering a significant social group and striking roots therein. The article offers a definition of the “closed door phenomenon” as a set of behavioral patterns of a person and responses of the reference social groups. The article explores the origin, phenomenology, and key aspects of career building problems, which are referred to as “closed door phenomenon”.  Classification of the proposed solutions is carried out. The author describes the socio-psychological mechanisms of interpretation and correction of unfavorable psychological and professional phenomena in career building within the framework of natural selection.

Keywords: upward mobility, social class, existential situation, natural selection, marginalism, natural professions, closed door phenomenon, professional identity, career, learned helplessness

Abstract: Providing employment opportunities for senior citizens in the context of increasing life expectancy of the  population is worldwide recognized as a necessary condition for active aging. Solution of this problem is mainstreamed due to raising the retirement age. The goals of this research is to describe the trends in the sphere of employment of senior citizens in the Russian Federation, which includes people of retirement and pre-retirement age, as well as assess the possibilities of implementing work activity of “age” employees. The problem of employment of Russian senior citizens is examined via analysis and systematization of the government statistics and secondary analysis of the data of monitoring and one-time sociological research (Russian monitoring of economic situation and public health, online surveys of employers and job applicants, local regional studies). The acquired results reveal the existing contradiction between the increasing motivation of senior citizens to continue work activity and inability of the system of social production to ensure necessary opportunities for its implementation. The steps taken by the government on providing legal guarantees for employment of the senior citizens, namely people of pre-retirement age, have not yet yielded the desired results. Having analyzed the factors that promote or impede the employment of senior citizens, the authors conclude on the need of the following issues to be addressed as a matter of urgency: interest of the employers in providing employment for senior citizens, and overcoming ageist stereotypes in the society that unreasonably reduce the value of labor capacity of “age” employees.

Keywords: pre-retirement age, ageism, age discrimination, working pensioners, employment trends for the elderly, employment statistics for the elderly, retirement age limits, labor employment, population aging, senior citizens

Abstract: The object of this research is visually impaired people as an invariant of disabled people of discredited stigmatype. The subject of this research is the employment of visually impaired people of working age, members of the Khabarovsk local organization of All-Russia Association of the Blind (VOS). The goal of this work is determine the level of official and unofficial employment of visually impaired people and the factors affecting it. The author notes that despite positive changes taking place in the Institution of employment assistance for people with disabilities, the representatives of nosology of the disabled people with discredited stigmatype are still being discriminated in the job market, finding jobs in their close social circle or working in places that are not adjusted to their needs. It is established that visually impaired people are actively engaged into the sphere of social and labor relations, the great majority of them have work experience in the status of a visually impaired person in jobs that are not adjusted to their specificities. People with disabilities more often are employed officially. Social and labor integration of people with health limitations first and foremost depends on their level of education, qualifications and work experience, as well as on the age of being registered as a disabled person. The key motive for employment is the need for broadening social interactions. The novelty of this work consist in revealing the structure of official and unofficial employment of visually impaired people in accordance with disability groups, age, level of education, and other characteristics, as well as in outlining the factors, conditions, and motives that affect the their employment status, and obstacles for their promotion. The scientific relevance of the acquired results consists in expansion and specification of a range of issues that require closer joint attention of the members of the project, academic, and practice-oriented communities, as well as in highlighting the key aspects of employment assistance for people with disabilities of discredited stigmatype.

Keywords: working disabled peaples, promotion of employment of people with disabilities, informal employment of people with disabilities, official employment of people with disabilities, social and labor integration, vocational rehabilitation, working age, disabled with visual impairments, adapted workplace, special working conditions

Abstract: This article is aimed at studying the factors of increasing effectiveness of personal activity in the process of formation of professional identity in the modern sociocultural conditions by means of creating a strategy of socializing capabilities of the society. The process of formation of professional identity of a person represents an integrative cross-disciplinary object of research. In a broad sense, its relevance is defined by the need to design a scientifically substantiated model of interaction between the civil society institutions and the government as the leading socialization agents for the purpose of increasing its effectiveness. For social science, relevant remains the objective and comprehensive assessment of the processes unfolding within youth environment, which develop under the influence of global and regional, economic and political, social and legal, cultural and socio-psychological factors. The novelty of this article is determined by the insufficient elaboration of systemic analysis of the indicated problematic, with involvement of modern technologies for structuring and modeling of the social processes and professional socialization of a person. The uniqueness consists in the ability to preliminarily create the essential information base and formalize the acquired knowledge on the expert level. This would allow giving a more accurate assessment to the peculiarities of social processes that contribute to the conscious choice of a profession, and based on that build a model for improving the efficiency of personal activity in the process of formation of professional identity within modern sociocultural environment.

Keywords: civil society institutions, civil society, youth policy, individual professional trajectory, labor activity, professional socialization, professional identity, social institution, education, civic engagement

Abstract: The object of this research is the local municipal and rural associations of the Volgograd Oblast. The subject of this research is the resource of activism of local associations of the Volgograd Oblast. This research analyzes the key characteristics of the population of municipal and rural districts of the Oblast for emergence of activism, namely the unity in understanding of the key issues faced by local association and attention to them; presence of social solidarity and close communication; self-identification with the local territorial community. The main hypothesis of this research was tested with help of mass surveys of the population, conducted based on quota cell. Statistical population in this research – the population of the Volgograd Oblast (N=2,491,751). The basis for the quota consisted in the following: place of residence of respondents (municipal and rural districts of the Volgograd Oblast), as well as gender and age of respondents. The total size of the cell is n=848 respondents. The novelty of this research consists in the fact that for the first time it is determined that rural local associations possesses greater potential for activism than their urban counterparts, which can become a substantial base for development of rural areas if properly applied.

Keywords: territorial identity, local community resources, opinion poll, Volgograd region, rural community, urban community, civic activism, local community, local issues, social solidarity

Abstract: The subject of this research is the impact of integrated sociocultural factors, namely the image of social future, upon fulfilment of innovation potential of youth. As the innovation potential of youth, the author reviews a number of traits, characteristics and skills that allow the younger generation to perceive and develop the novelties, feel the need in them, be ready to mastering novelties in technology and management. The image of social futures implies a set of subjective representations of a social actor containing the ideals of social development, social expectations and life strategies. The presented results are based on the data of questionnaire-based survey among youth employed in the industrial sector of six industrial regions of Russia (N=1050). The study demonstrates that a significant number of young employees show proclivity for innovation activity, master and implement new technologies, and would like to offer and develop their ideas and projects. However, the fulfillment of innovation potential of youth in the referred regions faces major obstacles of internal and external character. Among the external barriers are named disinterestedness of a business in innovations, absence or lack of state programs of incentivizing youth projects. The internal barriers include low level of motivation towards innovation activity. According to the acquired results, motivation towards innovation activity substantially depends on sociocultural factor – social wellbeing of all employees, and particularly, their stance on the social future. Overall, the expectations of negative events prevail over the expectation of positive ones; the negative social expectations of young employees mostly pertain to the economic sphere.

Keywords: professional development, human capital, social moods, innovative activity, social expectations, social future image, industrial regions, working youth, innovative potential, industrial enterprises

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of socioeconomic liberation of a person in the context of a concept of sovereign entity. Within the social philosophy of Russian Populism, this problem is resolved through the creation of a so-called “philosophy of labor” that defines the key provisions and criteria of the socioeconomic independence of a person. Such “philosophy of labor” is a seamless component of the socio-philosophical heritage of Russian Populism and meant to resolve the problem of both, social and anthropological ideal. For more detailed analysis, the author examines the perception of the ideological heritage of Populism within neo-Populist environment. The novelty of this research consists in the historical-philosophical consideration of the socio-philosophical problem from the philosophical and anthropological perspective, most adequate applicable to the ideological heritage of Russian Populism. The problem of sovereign identity is views through the criteria of “liberation of a person”, among which the emphasis is made on the socioeconomic factor. Based on a number of analytical theses formulated in the article, the conclusion is made that the social and anthropological ideas of Russian Populism should be considered in the context of the concept of sovereign identity, the entity which independence is achieved following the criteria of socioeconomic autonomy.

Keywords: philosophical anthropology, social philosophy, Neopopulists, liberation of an individual, sovereign personality, Russian Populism, history of philosophy, philosophy of labor, Nikolay Mikhaylovsky, Peshekhonov

Abstract: This article attempts to present a philosophical criticism of the phenomenon of risk in entrepreneurship, considering two historically established approaches: economic-management (risk management) or organizational-analytical, and sociocultural (risk as a structure of public expectation). The subject of this research is the concept of “risk” related to the categories of uncertainty, danger, probability and possibility. The general perspective of philosophical understanding of this phenomenon is presented. The object of this research is the sphere of entrepreneurship, mostly independent, private entrepreneurship, which over the past two decades marks rapid growth of investments. The author explores the following aspects: 1) economic structure of the spontaneously generated order; 2) organizational importance of risk management; 3) structure of public expectation of risk as uncertainty or danger, associated with entrepreneurship; 4) description of positive and negative implication of the concept of risk. Comprehensive articulation of the phenomenon of risk in modern society is realized through philosophical generalization of economic importance of the spontaneously generated order (Friedrich Hayek), which contributes to proliferation of entrepreneurship, and allows revealing positive trend in acceptance of risk in modern society via sociological analysis. The scientific novelty consists in determining that the various classifications of the objects of risk in the context of economic-management (organizational) approach are based on the classical definition of market and market relations; this results in the positive meaning of competition and constantly growing employment index in business sector. Having analyzed multiple approaches toward risk situations and phenomenon of uncertainty, the author presents an original approach towards classification of the types of societies depending on acceptance/non-acceptance of the phenomenon of risk.

Keywords: Сompetition, Innovative Society, Management, Order, Socio-cultural characteristics, Economic space, Entrepreneurship, Risk, Market relations, Social philosophy

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the questions of management of the system of motivation and stimulation of work in a modern higher school. Its relevance is substantiated by the need for qualitative replacement of such category of employees within academic-pedagogical environment, by attracting the most talented, competent, and professionally accomplished personnel, because this is the key to successful development of the entire system of higher education. Despite the wide array of research dedicated to human resource management, the questions of the effective motivation of pedagogues towards the quality of educational process and structured with consideration of specificities of this category of employees and realities in a modern higher school, remain insufficiently studied. Based on the analysis of the key aspects in activity of faculty members in Russian universities, the author covers the major problems associated with the development of effective system of motivation and stimulation of academic-pedagogical personnel. As a method for improving the system of stimulation, the author suggests using the Porter Lawler Model of Motivation adjusted to the current realities of the facilities of higher professional education.

Keywords: career, work efficiency, personnel management, quality of education, higher school, motivation, stimulation of work, aspiration, quality of work, enterprise management

Abstract: Game motivation represents a particular psychophysiological process of formation in an individual of the inner motivational forces towards labor influences by the external stimuli and internal characteristics of consciousness while playing. Within the modern information world, this type of motivation is actively practiced in various fields of human life. In the concept of gamification, game motivation plays one of the paramount roles, due to which the development of gamified systems is considered as one of the most complicated spheres for the software developers. Despite the different contexts of application of the gamification concept, the author focuses on the use and implementation of game mechanics in labor sphere and human resource management. An attempt is made to examine gamification from the perspective of meeting the basic demands. The main positions of self-determination theory are presented in the article. The author gives characteristics to the basic demands described in self-determination theory, which are primary in terms of formation of the self-determinant personal competence. The article analyzes the self-determination continuum founded on highlighting the six types of motivation. The author suggests the system of application of the various game mechanics depending on the basic demands and values of the staff members.  

Keywords: extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, self-determined competence, autonomy, self-determination theory, game mechanics, game motivation, gamification, amotivation, self-determination continuum

Abstract: The subject of this research is the labor values and orientations within the structure of social potential. The object of this research is the Russian youth from the Volga Regions. Due to transition towards the market relations, the priorities in labor values of the Russian, including youth, have changed. Currently, the problem of transformation of labor values of the youth becomes especially relevant under the conditions of ongoing crises and instability. The goal of this study lies in the analysis of social potential of the youth in labor sphere. The article meticulously examines the value components of labor potential of the modern youth: labor values, attitude to labor and professional orientations; analyzes the impact of the current socioeconomic situation upon labor orientations of modern youth. The research objectives were achieved based on analysis of the materials of authorial sociological surveys among the youth of Volga Region and secondary data analysis of the nationwide studies in the area of labor values of the youth. As a result of the conducted research, the authors acquired the new empirical data on the state and sociocultural peculiarities of social potential of the youth in labor sphere. It is concluded that the basic labor values of modern youth is the high wages, interesting job, career and professional growth. The important conditions for getting a “decent job” is the high qualification and extensive professional knowledge, work with full effort, beneficial connections. Therefore, the labor values and orientations of the Russian youth depend on the ongoing social transformations.

Keywords: instability, crisis, social potential, work capacity, work values, work, orientations, values, youth, regions of the Volga region

Abstract: The subject of this research is the determination of influence of the peculiarities of organization of social logistics of the oil company upon the employment behavior of rotational workers. The object of sociological study is the representative of administration and rotational employees of the “Verkhnechonskneftegaz” PJSC. The goal of this work consists in description of the possible development vectors of social logistics in the activity of oil company for strengthening the employment behavior of rotational workers. It is necessary to note that currently the economic literature practically does not reveal the potential of social logistics on the delivery of rotational employees to the oil and gas reserve. Expert interview for surveying the company’s administration and questionnaire for the employees at the reserve of Verkhnechonskneftegaz” PJSC was selected as the method for collecting information. The sample frame of questionnaire-based survey was stratified by the gender, age and positions held; total of 218 employees have been surveyed. The scientific novelty consists in the authors’ suggestion and application of the methodical approach towards the analysis of peculiarities of organization of social logistics on the delivery of rotational employees to the oil and gas reserve based on the sociological method. The conducted sociological survey detected the contradictory opinions of administration and rotational employees regarding the existing social logistics provided by the oil company. Ye authors note that the problem under consideration is relevant in formation of employment behavior of the rotational workers, which in turn, influences the work performance within the framework of the modern oil company.

Keywords: Rosneft, oil-and-gas field, social research, labour motivation, employment behaviour, rotational work, rotational employee, human logistics, Verkhnechonskneftegaz, Verkhnechonsk oil and gas condensate field

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the problems of expansion and specifics of female remote employment and its efficiency. The authors determine the economic, social and subjective efficiency criteria of the remote employment. The economic criterion implies the popularity rate of remote employment estimated based on the sociological poll of the heads of organizations. The social criterion includes the satisfaction of employers with the implementation of remote employment; the original formula for its calculation is proposed. The subjective criterion demonstrated the content with distance employment among women. As a result of empirical study, the authors estimate the rated values of separate criterion efficiency indicators. Methodological base contains the modern concepts of employment, particularly the theory of work-life balance. The authorial model of analysis of the impact of female remote employment upon the development of the institution of parenthood serves as the methodical framework for this article. Based on the content analysis of resumes of the applicants and vacancies for the remote job seekers, the authors determine the gender specifics of popularity of the remote female employment. The results of the narrative interview of women who work remotely allowed receiving a subjective assessment of its efficiency. The drawn conclusions allow having a new perspective on organization of remote work for women alongside the selection of government instruments supporting female employment.  

Keywords: telework, employment, content analysis, narrative interview, employment efficiency, female employment, remote employment, remote work, labor market, parent work

Abstract: This article describes the employment issue of disabled citizens at the regional job market of Sakha Republic, their integration into socio-labor sphere, risks and social barriers faced by them in pursuing a job. The author examine such aspects of the topic as the legal grounds of employment of the disabled persons, employment terms and special work positions, assignment of quota for workplaces, reasons of unemployment. The article provides the results of original sociological survey on the employment issues of the disabled persons in Sakha Republic (Yakutia), using the analysis of statistical indexes, analysis of documents, questionnaire, and interview. The main conclusion lies in the fact that the existing legislation in the area of employment of the disabled persons fails to fulfil, because the majority of them face considerable issues in pursuing a suitable job and employment. The basic peculiarity of employment of the disabled persons in Sakha Republic lies in the limited job offers, lack of the equipped workplaces for the disabled, inaccessibility to urban and rural environment.

Keywords: region, special jobs, social work, unemployment, quoting of jobs, social risks, social barriers, invalid, restrictions of health, Sakha Republic

Abstract:   Crisis phenomena in the modern economy produce a destructive effect upon the well-being of contract workers. More often, the organizations implement the toxic practices of human resource management, which led to the increase in the level of social pollution of corporate environment, forming the unfavorable psychosocial conditions for professional activity among the staff members. The subject of this research is the labor relations; the goal consists in the monitoring and analysis of changes in labor relations of the five countries, identification of differences and common regularities in labor relations between the employers, chiefs, and employees in various countries that are the factors of social pollution of corporate environment. The article provides the interim results of monitoring, conducted by the author over the period of 2015-2016, that reflect the perception of employees of different categories realizing their professional activity in various socioeconomic conditions, as well as status the employer – worker relationship. Based on the results, the authors reveal the factors of social pollution that have a negative effect upon the well-being of contract workers. The article also identified the factors of formation and expansion of precariat as a new social class. The detailed examination of the aforementioned factors will allow developing the new approaches and methods of managing the well-being of workforce potential at macro and micro levels.    

Keywords: physical well-being of workers, psychosocial well-being of workers, precarious employment, toxic management practices, social pollution, labor relations, labor resources, working conditions, monitoring, flexibilization of personnel

Abstract: The object of this work is the employees of enterprises and organizations of Sverdlovsk Region, while the subject is the toxic practices of personnel management. The goal of the article is to analyze the negative experience of respondents at the workplace, obtained as a result of destructive labor relations with their employers, managers or colleagues. Within the framework of ongoing long-term study, the authors monitor the changes in labor relations between employers and hired workers. This article introduces some of the results of the part of monitoring, which is devoted to examination of the sources of anxiety and negative emotions at the workplace, as the factors of toxicity of the working environment, identified based on how it is perceived by the employees. A quantitative method of monitoring research, implemented in the form of an annual sociological survey of random groups of Russian enterprises' workers of different economic sectors, is complemented by qualitative methods based on the narrative approach. Narrative analysis focuses on the study of wide range of opinions, as well as understanding, explanation, and interpretation of the acquired empirical data for formulating the hypotheses and productive ideas. As a result, the authors have identified various forms of reflection among the respondents, diving them into the groups depending on expansion of the reflexive process. The majority of respondents are not able to pursue correlation between their actions and the negative situation, which does not allow them to adequately coordinate their work behavior in accordance with the toxic factors of the professional environment. Thus, the use of narrative approach in addition to the quantitative analysis, is aimed at the deeper understanding of the causes of impact of the toxic management practices upon personnel.

Keywords: narrative analysis, toxic leadership, toxic worker, toxic workplace, toxic management practices, labor relations, social pollution, monitoring study, reflection, precariatization

Abstract: This article discusses the problems of professional formation. The subject of this research is the self-esteem of the level of professionalism. Based on empirical data, the authors examine the self-esteem of professionals depending on the periods of their lives, associating with the stages of professional career.  The theoretical basis leans on the ontogenetic approach, the foundation for periodization in which are the stages regarding the chronological age of a worker. Significant advantage of such periodization can be considered not only the possibility of studying the universal trends in professional development that do not depend on the type of activity and profession, but also the clearly specified stages of professional cycle viewed as a component of the human life cycle. The study is based on both, theoretical developments based on the study of the Russian and foreign scientific literature and empirical data obtained during statistical calculations based on RLMS-HSE (2014). The article presents data that testify to the fact that the subjective assessment of the level of professionalism increases at certain age periods, which may be due to the character of work, level of involvement into it, as well as personal qualities and abilities for self-realization in the selected discipline; all of these aspects allow considering this process in the context of ontogenetic approach.

Keywords: periodization of working life, ontogenetic approach, self-esteem, levels of professionalization, stages of professionalization, professionalization, professionalism, professional life, labor activity, professional

Abstract: The subject of research is the precarious work, which is low pay, insecurity, lack of protection (the worker becomes vulnerable to social risks such as unemployment and poverty), with connectivity defined by the suffering of workers. The object of the study is economically active population in Altai region at the age from 15 to 72 years in the context of assessing employment. The study aimed at finding answers to questions related to informal employment at the regional labour market: the determinants of prekarisierung employment, what jobs have the characteristics of pretaroli and what are the trends precarization component of the labor market of the Altai territory, in statistical measurements. The official statistical monitoring of the Russian precarious work is still not received. Although in fairness I should say that Rosstat monitors some indicators one way or another characterize the trend of precarious work, the analysis of which allows to argue about the status and trends prekarisierung employment in the labour markets of Russia and regions. Therefore, in search of answers to the above issues, the author proposes in identifying prekarisierung employment to consider the quality of jobs on the presence in them of signs of pretaroli evaluated through the prism of the criteria in the system of dichotomies "stability / instability" and "security / insecurity".The estimates of precarization in the labor market of the Altai region, the data sources for which was the results of dynamic statistical observations conducted by state statistical bodies, indicated a negative trajectory of change in the quality of jobs in the region and signs of precarization. The main contribution of the author in the development of the theme should be considered as an approach to the identification of precarious work in the structure of the labor market by assessing the quality of workers for the presence of signs of precarization, and the designation of the trajectory of change of job quality in the direction of precarization. In the formulation of generally accepted methodological approach to the identification of precarization in the structure of the regional labor market, unstable employment would have to obtain a quantitative assessment that would allow relevant authorities to develop measures on regulation of the investigated type of employment from the standpoint of obtaining maximum effects for both the employee and the employer.

Keywords: security vs insecurity, stability vs instability, signs of precarious work, Altai Krai, regional labour market, unstable employment, precarious work, criteria of precarious work, precariat, statistical observation

Abstract: This article examines certain questions associated with the professional career of university graduates. Under the conditions of dynamics of socio-economic processes, increases the role of professional and personal qualities that ensure competitiveness in the job market, as well as building a successful professional career. The employment of university graduates represents one of the key indicators in their demand, which captures the entire number of stages of the three-party interaction “university-employer-student”. In many ways, the competitive advantages of the graduates along with their personal expectations, define the opportunities for their successful employment. Based on the results of sociological survey, the authors determine the main professional trajectories of the young specialists, as well as the obstacles that impede their successful adaptation in the job market. The primary results of this research consist in revelation of the professional expectations of the young generation under the current conditions, and determination of the general professional skills that are mostly in demand among the young specialists. The authors signify the further career plans of the graduates, reveal the reasons of further specialization outside the core area, as well as possible ways to adjust the professional trajectories of young specialists.  

Keywords: career plans, job market, employment, labor adaptation, young professionals, graduates, youth, profession, career, employer

Abstract: The questions of precariatization have attained a special popularity at the modern stage of study of the social-labor relations. The main cause for such trend is hidden in the entire number of negative effects, which results in this phenomenon. The goal of the article consists in assessment of the level of precariatization in the labor market of Altai Region based on the results acquired during the sociological research. The object of this work is the employees of enterprises and organizations of Altai Region, while the subject lies in precariatization as the problem of social-labor relations. The article includes the following tasks: determination of the content of the notion “precariatization”; revelation of tis basic characteristics; evaluation of the negative effects entailed by precariatization for the actors of social-labor relations; choice of the method of collecting information and ways of evaluation; description of methodology of the study of perception of precariatization by the employees of corporations and organizations of Altai Region; and discussion of its results. The results of this research allow claiming that despite the negative trend in intensification of precariatization in the region, the respondents refer themselves as precaria, in other words, individuals, the labor rights of whom are being infringed, but they still accept precariatization as a normal phenomenon and do not experience significant disturbances.   

Keywords: labor market, perception of precariatization , sociological study, the effects of employment precarity, factors of employment precarity, social-labor relations, social portrait of precaria, unstable employment, precariatization , employment

Abstract: This article is dedicates to the transformation of professional self-realization under the influence of Internet technologies. The object of this research is the professional self-realization of an individual in modern society; while the subject is the practices of professional self-realization in social network (on the example of “Instagram”). The author gives special attention to the emergence and popularity of the social networks, which discovered new prospects and opportunities of professional self-realization, such as telecommuting and freelance, which is relevant among the categories of people excluded from the traditional work activity due to the objective reasons (for example, maternity leave). Based on the qualitative research of the social network “Instagram”, the author substantiates that the new opportunities of online interaction became in demand from the perspective of professional self-realization. The author uses the method of discourse-analysis of the accounts of Instagram users, which allows analyzing a separate sector of the social category of “mothers”. The main conclusion consists in the position that women during maternity leave represent one of the most active users category, which closely interacts inside the network community, as well as use various methods of professional self-realization that can be combined into three types: professional blogging, development of personal business, representation of large companies or brands within social network. All of these three types can be realized remotely via Internet technologies, in other words, provide opportunity to combine work with other activities (household chores, children education).

Keywords: freelance, telecommuting , Instagram, social networks, Internet technologies, professional self-realization, social mobility, maternity leave, blogger, work activity

Abstract: This article examines the question associated with the occupational burnout phenomenon among the city bus drivers of Kraków. The main topic of this research is included into the content of the question: are there signs of the occupational burnout syndrome among the polled city bus drivers? The following specific problems were being formulated: Do the drivers show signs of emotional and physical exhaustion? Do the drivers show sign of depersonalization? Do the drivers show the signs of dissatisfaction with their job? The additional question was formulated in the following way: do the drivers have feeling that they carry a tremendous responsibility for life and health of other people? The authors comprised an original survey based on the literature on this matter, as well as TEDIUM test. The survey consists of 21 close-end questions with regards to three dimensions of occupational burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, lack of the feeling of satisfaction with their job. The conclusion demonstrates that the polled drivers do not explicit the features of job burnout syndrome, although expressively declare the feeling of immense responsibility for the life and health of other people. However, the attention should be paid to the degree of depersonalization, in which 2 out 5 indexes received excessive results (stressed passengers, substantive interpretation of passengers).

Keywords: Burnout syndrome, Responsibility, Social services profession, Christina Maslach, Occupational stress, City bus driver, Satisfaction with work, Depersonalization, Emotional burnout, Occupational burnout

Abstract: The problem of labour mobility is usually viewed as the part of current economic changes that create the need to transfer labour resources. Many researhers focus on living conditions that arise after an employee moves to a new place of work and residence. Noteworthy that these researchers believe that the important goal of the housing policy should be accomodation of workers because today labour mobility is rather limited due to the fact that it is impossible for a worker to find a new place of residence in a new region. The author of the present research article analyzes the process of labour migration within the industry sector and intensity of such migration depending on different ecoomic activities. Special attention is paid to the processes of acceptance and dismissal of employees in in economic sectors with a high level of labour mobility. The present research of the problems of labour migration is based on the comparative analysis and statistical evidence about the changes in the number of accepted and dismissed in relation to the average number of employees performing a particular economic activity. The scientific importance and novelty of research is the discovery of optimal proportions of the transfer of human capital assets that is supposed to encourage career advancement and personal self-improvement.  The author concludes that in some sectors, especially in the service sector, a high level of labour mobility decreases the quality of human capital assets and therefore lowers the quality of the services offered. In order to provide competent staff in the economic sector, it is necessary to pay more attention to improving the working conditions and payment for hired employees. 

Keywords: human capital assets, structural changes, activities, labour mobility, working conditions, career advancement, competition, employer, the share of the service sector, post-industrial period

Abstract: Axiological, cultural, social and economic traits, merits and drawbacks of various professions are compared with the aim of their tribute into positive and negative anthropological development. A special attention is paid to contradictions in life-providing potential of professions. Esthetic image of jobs and professions is related to actors’ mastership. Nowadays, on the contemporary level of human labor activity, there grows a necessity to “play’ one’s profession, that is to build “an esthetic canal” to realize and transport one’s professional abilities. This tendency strengthens economic and social status of professions. The article paves the way to a new branch of research–anthropological praxiology which sets problems of human development in respect to labor differently as do sociology, economic theories, culturology and classic praxiology and anthropology.

Keywords: philosophy, praxiology, labor, socium, esthetics, mastership, profession, anthropologic development, cultural contradictions, civilization progress