Abstract: The processes of Westernization and globalization unify the social system as a whole, leading it to the most difficult processes for analysis. Inorganic changes in modern society are of particular concern. They primarily touched upon the axiological component of the life of both society and individual existence. In the modern world, saturated with technological changes, globalization and instability, the usual models of perception of reality are insufficient to understand and adapt to new realities, some have come to symbolize the evolution of our perception of the modern world and, following the classics of the civilizational approach to the history of mankind, give reason to talk about a completely new coordinate system and the development of society. Scientific and technological progress continues to move inexorably forward. Thanks to him, technologies are developing so fast that their generations are changing at an increased rate. The growth of computing power, digitalization, the Internet and the development of information technologies have led and continue to lead to a historical "explosion of information". The concept of "information society" has appeared. The world is becoming less stable, less predictable and full of contradictions. Society is changing against the background of the global economic crisis, trade conflicts, sanctions and military conflicts, deglobalization, pandemic, changes and restructuring of logistics networks, the fourth industrial revolution and the transition to a new economic order. The world is becoming less stable, less predictable and full of contradictions. Society is changing against the background of the global economic crisis, trade conflicts, sanctions and military conflicts, deglobalization, pandemic, changes and restructuring of logistics networks, the fourth industrial revolution and the transition to a new economic order. All this leads to an increase in the complexity and diversity of the modern world. In this article, we will consider this possibility and its significance, and also take the liberty to identify and substantiate the characteristics of the modern type of civilization. The considered problem of the civilizational characteristics of modernity is one of the most important for modern reality, being a tool for the formation of modern cultural codes of nations and ethnic groups, which directly reflects the systemic complexity of the modern civilizational structure and requires the use of an interdisciplinary approach and convergent knowledge in understanding and practical solution of the socio-cultural challenges of today.

Keywords: society, civilization, The world of SPOD, the world of BANI, superethnos, globalization, The world of VUCA, digitalization, cultural and historical type, Information technology

Abstract: The relevance of the chosen issues is determined by the subject of research - the institution of the welfare state, which plays a crucial role in ensuring the normative order in society and the balance of interests between different social groups. It also guarantees the realization of citizens' political and social rights.The study focuses on the transformation of the welfare state's functions and priorities in social policy, influenced by a rapidly changing internal and external environment. The main methodological foundation of the study is theoretical scientific methods and a systematic approach. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the research, the authors have drawn on both the results of sociological studies and a significant amount of data from international and domestic socio-economic statistics to address the identified issues. The authors have conducted a comprehensive analysis of the factors that contribute to socio-economic change and how these changes directly affect the functioning of the welfare state. They conclude that, despite differences in each country's stable preferences, external and internal socio-economic conditions influence the social functions of states, institutions, and the mechanisms for implementing these functions. Despite the fact that the principles and functions of the welfare state are implemented through specific measures that take into account the economic capabilities of the state, the peculiarities of state-building, national mentality, and the system of basic values, the idea of state paternalism remains at the heart of each model of the welfare state. This idea reflects the concept of state guardianship over the social sphere. In addition, there is a trend towards convergence among models of the welfare state in the modern world, which manifests itself in a steady trend towards unification of mechanisms for implementing social functions of the state and convergence in the scale of redistribution processes.

Keywords: social policy, socio-economic inequality, social justice, social solidarity, employment relations, digital transformation, social protection, social guarantees, functions of the welfare state, welfare state

Abstract: The subject of the study is the dynamic characteristics of happiness. The theoretical aspects of highlighting the context of temporality in happiness research are highlighted. The importance of time perspective for understanding happiness as a sociocultural phenomenon, as well as subjective well-being, is considered. The characteristics of delayed models of happiness are highlighted, influencing the perception of current life as an approach to a happier future. The empirical basis of the study is the results of a sociological study of Russian residents aged 18-60 years (n=1170) using an online survey conducted in September 2024 in capital cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg), the regional center (Ekaterinburg) and cities of the Sverdlovsk region. The novelty of the study lies in the identification and comparison of subjective assessments of happiness in a time perspective, past – present – future, which made it possible to identify an inclined trajectory of assessment of subjective well-being. The assessment of life satisfaction as a whole is shown to shift to lower levels in comparison with the assessment of current happiness. A contradiction has been revealed between the expectation of a better future and the uncertainty in its implementation. The use of a generational approach made it possible to fix temporality in the context of the influence of age and life experience on the perception of happiness, generational inequality of happiness and the convergence of assessments of chronic and current happiness with increasing age. Prospects for research on the topic are identified related to the insufficiency of quantitative measurement of the dynamic characteristics of happiness and the possibilities of identifying narratives in describing the temporality of the life experience of happiness, including its deferred models.

Keywords: dynamism, time perspective, felicitous emotions, temporality, well-being, generation, delayed happiness, happiness, future, life satisfaction

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of folk art according to a sociological survey among representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North. Studying the specifics of folk arts and crafts through a survey of craftsmen allows us to better understand the cultural characteristics of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, as a territory with the original residence of Mansi, Khanty, Nenets. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the continuity and transmission of traditions in folk crafts, the motivational attitudes of craftsmen, as well as the needs and problems in creating traditional products. The participants of the survey are masters of folk arts and crafts living in urban and rural settlements of the district. The questionnaire contained questions aimed at identifying various aspects of the masters' activities. The timing of the online survey is September-October 2024. The results of the survey can be used for further analysis and comparative research. A special contribution of the author is a comprehensive study of the field of folk arts and crafts, including several aspects: cultural, social and economic. The main conclusions of the study are that the culture of the peoples of the North continues to preserve the traditional type of transfer of experience – orally. The continuity of traditions functions within the family-tribal system. At the same time, such a form of training as conducting seminars on certain types of products is becoming more and more popular. Making traditional clothes, shoes and household items remains a relevant and important occupation for the Ob Ugrians. It serves not only as a means of preserving cultural heritage, but also plays an important economic and social role in the modern life of the indigenous peoples of the North.

Keywords: Muncy, Khanty, Ob Ugrians, Indigenous peoples of the North, folk art, folk art crafts, traditional culture, folk art products, master of folk arts and crafts, the survey