Abstract: This article is devoted to the deÞ nition and types of stipends, which are paid in accordance with the existing legislation and under the draft of the Federal Law on Education. The measures of stipend support are correlated to the measures of social and material support. The author also studies the measures of material support, which are provided for the students, whose education is budget-funded or self-funded (commercial).

Keywords: jurisprudence, academic stipend, social stipend, education, higher education, material support, social support, typical provisions, stipend support, Bachelor

Abstract: This article is devoted to the studies of the procedural aspects of the formation of the new constituent subjects of the Russian Federation during their transitional period. The procedure of law-making and bylaw-making in the new constituent subjects of the Russian Federation at the transitional period have no analogy in the modern constitutional legal practice. They differ both from both the legislative process in the constituent subjects of the Russian Federation, and the participation of the regional parliaments in the federal legislative process. The legislative process in the new constituent subjects of the Russian Federation in their transitional period can be implemented by three different ways: application of the normative legal acts of the merging constituent subjects in the entire territory of the merged subject; united law-making by the legislative and government bodies of the merged subjects of the Russian Federation; synchronized normmaking by the legislative and government bodies of the united constituent subjects of the Russian Federation. One may single out Perm, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk and Trans-Baikalian models for the formation of legislation. The speciÞ c sources of legislative process in the newly formed constituent subjects include treaties among the legislative (representative) bodies of the merged subjects, their united Regulations, and the treaties of these bodies with the high ranking ofÞ cials of the new constituent subjects of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: jurisprudence, federal structure, formation of the new subjects of the Russian Federation, enlargement of the constituent subjects of the Russian Federation, merging the constituent subjects of the Russian Federation, transitional period for the new constituent subjects, legislative process, united law-making, the Federal Constitutional Law, application of normative legal acts of the merged subjects.

Abstract: This article includes analysis of some issues regarding development of legislation on occupation and employment in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The author analyzes the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, international acts, and the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan on occupation and employment. It is noted that there is need to improve the legislation on occupation and employment, namely, to codify the numerous norms on legislation and to Þ ll the gaps in legal regulation. The author offers to include a separate chapter on employment into the Labor Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Keywords: jurisprudence, occupation, labor, legislation, law, international, Charter, organization, contracts, contract.

Abstract: The article includes analysis of the dynamics of the protest activities in the post-Soviet Russia. The author offers to single out Þ ve key periods of the protest movement. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the period from 2005 to 2011 from the point of view of establishing the sources, factors and key determining issues, which laid grounds for the mass political mobilization and a wave of civil protest at the current stage. Then the author points out the key characteristic features and speciÞ c forms of protest activities of the Russians at the current stage. Then the conclusion is made that the protesting people of the current period formed speciÞ c post-modernist requirements, which go beyond material and economic values. The character of social deprivation went beyond the economic framework, and it became impossible to solve the problems by purely economic means. The specter of protest requirements objectively related to the political and governmental relations, and it inevitably caused social and structural prerequisites for the mass political process, which one could observe during the election cycle of 2011 – 2012.

Keywords: political science, protest, politics, participation, citizens, government, mobilization, society, dynamics, actions

Abstract: The colored revolutions in the post-Soviet territory were successful mostly thanks to use of the youth organization by the revolutionary opposition in order to throw down the ruling group. The goal of this article is to show how schoolchildren and students become weapons in the arms of the revolutionaries. It should be noted that the so-called “non-violent” turnovers, which took place in the former USSR republics are quite similar to the “velvet” revolutions of 1989/ It was to a great extent thanks to the youth, that the opposition had managed to throw down the Communism in some Eastern European states. In particular, during the revolution in 2000 in Serbia the youth organization “Otpor” has became the force source, which the oppo sition used to get rid of Slobodan Milosevic. The organizers of the “colored” riots took much from the experience from their “velvet” colleagues. The student movements “Kmara”, “Pora!” and “Kel-Kel” were modeled similarly to the Serbian “Otpor”. The members of the youth groups took part in various street protest actions. They were the backbone for the angry mob of demonstrators, they managed and coordinated the crowd. During the “orange revolution” in the Ukraine the movement “Pora!” organized tent camps and guaranteed order and security in them. The organizers of the “colored revolutions” used the youth, since the youth can be easily manipulated. The students and the schoolchildren due to lack of experience in life are ready to do whatever they are told to do for the questionable revolutionary ideals. Therefore, one may come to the conclusion that the youth organizations became the key instrument for the facilitation of riots and revolutions in Georgia, Ukraine, and Kirgizia.

Keywords: political science, revolution, colored, orange, youth, student, opposition, anti-Government, manipulation.

Abstract: In this article the author studies the development of the municipal law by the decisions of the constitutional justice bodies in the Russian Federation in the sphere of territorial organization of municipal government, institutions of direct democracy at the local level. As a result of these studies, the author comes to a conclusion that the municipal law (both as a branch of law, and as a branch of science) has been developing and improving, and it retained certain balance between the legislation on municipal self-government, the practice of its application and the theory of municipal law, which was to a considerable degree thanks to the decisions of the constitutional justice bodies. Namely, it was thanks to the conclusions in the resolution part of the decisions, which recognized as unconstitutional some legal provisions on municipal self-government, as well as to the recommendations to the federal, regional and local legislators on the need of legislative regulation of certain social relations in the sphere of municipal self-government in order to avoid collisions and Þ ll the gaps in the legislation on municipal self-government, as well as in order to protect the rights for municipal government. Generally, they helped to bring federal and regional legislations into accord. Not being limited to this role, the legal positions of the constitutional justice bodies also provided information and knowledge for the science of municipal law, showed the acceptable and correct application of the norms in the sphere of municipal self-government, facilitated the general understanding in the sphere of municipal law, which is necessary in order to involve the citizens into the implementation of municipal government.

Keywords: jurisprudence, understanding of law, decisions, science, application of law, inß uence, development, law, municipal, position.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of legislation of the Republic of France, which regulates the disciplinary responsibility of the territorial public ofÞ cials, in particular, its procedure and sanctions, as well as procedural guarantees and control over the application of disciplinary responsibility measures. The author studied the laws of the French Republic and other legislative acts on disciplinary responsibility of the public service ofÞ cials, which were accepted during last 25 years. The French legislation lacks the deÞ nition of the “disciplinary offence”, it is viewed as a violation of one of professional or deontological obligations, as prescribed by the General Statute on Public Service or the judicial practice. It should also be noted that the disciplinary offence of a public servant may be constituted by his behavior in his private life, such as alcoholism or drunk driving. There is a scale of disciplinary punishment for the territorial ofÞ cials, and the application of disciplinary punishment is very strictly regulated. It includes the obligatory study of the dossier of an accused ofÞ cial by that ofÞ cial, his ability to use representatives of his choice, obligatory report of the disciplinary council (which is not obligatory for the territorial ofÞ cials). Under the Law N 94-1134 of 27.12.1994 the Departmental and Inter- Departmental Appeals Disciplinary Councils are formed, and they serve as an appellate instance. Accordingly the application of disciplinary responsibility to the territorial public service ofÞ cials in France is characterized by a number of procedural guarantees and double control by the judiciary, which may end up in the disciplinary sanction being cancelled. In spite of lack of legislative deÞ nition of the “disciplinary offence’ the French legislation includes a clear scale of disciplinary sanctions.

Keywords: jurisprudence, territorial service, control, sanctions, offence, punishment, advise, guarantees, investiga tions, public servant.

Abstract: The problem of the narcotic addition of the people draws attention of many social and humanitarian sciences and disciplines, the forensic science, medicine and social science being among the most prominent ones. The article is devoted to the social aspect of the problem, related to the speciÞ c features of the activities of various services, which Þ ght narcotic addictions of the people in Russia. The article includes the variety of expert opinions, which establish the grounds for the efÞ cient or inefÞ cient activities of such services. The key conclusion is that there is need to provide such services with a special social and legal status.

Keywords: jurisprudence, narcotization, dependency, society, counter-measures, narcotic drug consuming, abuse, healing, rehabilitation.

Abstract: This article includes the key elements of the institutional and normative mechanism of the international civil process as a key object of the international procedural law, together with the international commercial arbitration. The international procedural law is a branch of the international private law, which is formed with the norms of national legislation and international treaties, which regulate procedural relations with a foreign element, that is the international procedural relations. The object of international civil procedural law is the procedural relations regarding the international commercial disputes in the state courts of different states. The key elements of the international civil process are analyzed in this article from the point of view both the national legislation and the international treaties (both bilateral and multilateral). They include court jurisdiction on international commercial disputes, application of injunctions on civil cases and trade cases with a foreign element, provision of international legal aid, including recognition and implementation of the foreign judicial decisions.

Keywords: jurisprudence, law, the law, treaty, process, claimant, respondent, court, decision, appeal.

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of the place where the crime of marine piracy was committed as an element of this crime. The legal basis for this study is Art. 15 of the Geneva Convention on the High Seas of 1958 (hereinafter referred to as the Geneva Convention), Art. 101 of the UN Convention on Maritime Law of 1982 (hereinafter referred to as the Convention of 1982), as well as the criminal law of Russia and some foreign states, in some of which which in accordance with the international law the domestic legislation provides for the possibility of piracy only in the open sea, and in some the crime of piracy is not territorially limited. As a result of his study the author comes to a conclusion that the dominating position on the imperfections of the Russian norm on piracy in its territorial aspect and the calls to bring the Art. 227 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation into compliance with the international law lack due ground, since the international law and national legislations are set for fulÞ lling different goals. The international legal deÞ nition of piracy is aimed to coordinate the international Þ ght against it, so it limits its territorial range to the open sea, which is due to the international principle of sovereignty of the states on their territories. The national laws do not need such a territorial limitation.

Keywords: jurisprudence, piracy, international law, the UN Convention on Maritime Law, open sea, territorial sea, criminal legislation, attack, sovereignty, security.

Abstract: The state management of the public Þ nancial resources is deÞ ned by the budget policy, as a part of Þ nancial policy. It is currently aimed for budget de-centralization, while the budgeting of the Ministry of Domestic Affairs of the Russian Federation and other Þ scal organizations tends t budget centralization. The variety of activities of the structural divisions of the MDA of the Russian Federation in the sphere of national security and law-enforcement activities directly depends on budget Þ nancing and requires Þ nancial and regal regulation, which would correspond to the modern level of social development. The budget guarantees of the activities of the MDA is related to the formation and spending of the centralized funds of Þ nancial resources, which are necessary for the normal functioning and development of the divisions of the domestic affairs bodies and the entire system.

Keywords: jurisprudence, Budget Address of the President of the Russian Federation, budget policy, decentralization, centralization, guarantees, budget, the MDA of Russia, Þ scal institutions, decentralization policy, budget guarantees of the MDA of Russia.

Abstract: The article is devoted to a topical issue of the state-related and legal views of the Russian protective state-supporting thinkers K.P. Pobedonostsev, M.N. Katkov. The author tried to avoid a negative approach to a conservative legal thought, which still dominates in the Russian legal studies. The article shows strong points of the teachings and inß uence of K.P. Pobedonostsev and M.N. Katkov on the Russian political and legal practice in late XIX century. The author viewed the teachings on protected autocracy showed the inß uence of the protective legal doctrine as a source of Russian law during the rule of Tsar Alexander the III.

Keywords: jurisprudence, conservatism, protective, reaction, stability, succession, autocracy, tradition, custom, order.

Abstract: The article provides grounds for the renewed studies of the state as a subject of proprietary rights within the framework of theory of state a law, which is due to the practical need and lack of the fundamental models in the civil law at the time of the growing social dynamics in the society. In order to achieve it, the author offers the institutional approach, where the state is viewed as a system of relations, and the author singles out the speciÞ c features of the state as an owner of property.

Keywords: jurisprudence, state, property, subject, model, deÞ - ni tion, institutional approach, theory, perspectives.

Abstract: The author studies the contents of the constitutional right of an individual and citizen for the judicial protection. The author attempts to prove, that the right for the judicial protection contains several elements, such as the right to address a claim in court (address for protection), the right to have the case resolved by the court with a Þ nal decision, the right to challenge the decisions which did not come into force into a higher court (the right for appeal) and the right for the implementation of the judicial decision.

Keywords: jurisprudence, law, judicial, protection, contents, Constitution, claim, challenging, element, review, guarantees.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of application of norms of criminal law, which regard the absorbtion of punishment, partial or non-partial addition of punishment (cumulative sentence) in cases on cumulative crimes. The author stresses the goals of the institution of additional punishment in order to establish their value for the achievement of the result of punishment in general, and in cases of cumulative crimes in particular. The author analyzes various points of view and legislative norms on the establishment of the Þ nal additional punishment in cases where the cumulative crimes took place. The issue of inclusion and adding up similar and differing additional punishment is being studied based on the practical examples. Then the author offers a different interpretation of the part 2 of the Art. 71 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and then offers to provide for independent implementation of different types of additional punishments in cases of combination of crimes.

Keywords: combination of crimes, additional punishment, cumulative punishment, absorbtion of punishments, the punish ment of different types, the principle of individualization of punish ment.

Abstract: The article includes analysis of the modern status of the institution of pledge in Russia, to the legal regulation of the pledge relations, as well as the problems regarding claims for the pledged property by the creditor. The author views the position of legal scholars, who relate the pledge to either property law or to the obligation law with the elements of property law, then she gives her opinion on the issue. The author also views the important characteristic features of the mortgage and key provisions for the mortgage contract.

Keywords: jurisprudence, mortgage, mortgage relations, deal, contract, claiming, foreclosure, seisure, mortgaged property, right to claim, proprietary rights, legal ownership.