Citations count: 16
Reference:
Zipunnikova N., Zipunnikova Y. —
Juridical education as an intersection of law, culture, interests of individuals, society and state (thoughts prompted by the new edition of “Yaschuk T. F. Juridical education in the highest school: textbook. – Omsk: Publisher Om. Gos. Un-ta, 2014. – 312 p.”)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 508 - 534.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.15659 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15659
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Abstract:
In this article the author reviews the textbook by T. F. Yaschuk “Juridical education in the highest school”, in which the author examines historical, theoretical, comparative, and applied aspects of preparing juridical personnel. An assessment is given to the phenomenon of European university with law faculty, traditions of Russian juridical education, as well the difficulties of realization of the positions of Bologna process. The author notes the positive aspects of studying foreign experience in the area of highest juridical education, and demonstrates the special significance of state regulation of preparation of jurists and social-state partnership in this sphere. Accent is made on the importance of theoretical analysis of didactical problems within the highest juridical school, as well as new requirements set before the scientific-pedagogical staff. The broadness of the spectrum of problems presented by T. F. Yaschuk contributes to the more objective, panoramic vision of the state and benefits of development of the highest juridical education. Such approach prompts reasoning on the trends of development of the system of education of professional juridical personnel in the conditions of globalization, making this work useful not only for master’s degree seekers, post-graduate students, and educators of juridical disciplines, but also to specialists in the theory and history of juridical education.
Citations count: 8
Reference:
Roshchevskaya L.P. —
Geneticist P.F. Rokitsky in the history of the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1949-1957)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 105 - 121.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23255 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23255
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is scientific and scientific-organizational activity of the well-known geneticist P.F. Rokitsky in the years of forced stay in Syktyvkar in 1949-1957. The earlier unknown facts allow revealing the scale and nature of his project, pedagogical, educational and scientific-editorial activities. His influence on the formation and development of the Komi research team of the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences is demonstrated. The author examines these facts of the biography of the scientist as participation in the development of several large complex scientific problems, including the organization of work on radiobiology. Methodological basis of the research is the basic principles of modern historical science – historicism and scientific objectivity, as well as scientific methods: source analysis and synthesis, description, the construction of analogies. The main contribution of the author consists in finding out the objective results of P. F. Rokitsky activities with regards to development of the team of the Komi – branch of the USSR, from the perspective of sociology of science. Based on the archive documents the author first analyzed the energetic scientific and organizational and pedagogical activities of P. F. Rokitsky in the Komi branch of the USSR. Identified data prove that the P. F. Rokitsky very quickly got high authority in the team. He made a significant contribution to the study of animal husbandry in the Komi ASSR and the formation of radiobiological research. The study of the documents of the Scientific Archive of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences allowed to find several large unpublished work by P. F. Rokitsky. Practically, P. F. Rokitsky encouraged Syktyvkar research team towards the "production of knowledge" that allows demonstrating the social position and role of the scientist.
Citations count: 7
Reference:
Egorov N.Y. —
Russian police science in persons: Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 801 - 812.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16396 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16396
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov (1849-1929); establishment and evolution of his state legal views; Tarasov’s concepts in the area of domestic administration of the Russian Empire. The article gives characteristics to the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police and administrative law, as well as I. T. Tarasov’s outlook upon the problems of law enforcement activity, the essence of administrative enforcement, as well as the prospects of establishment of the institution of administrative justice in Russia. Scientific novelty consists first and foremost in the fact that complex problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretica-legal heritage of I. T. Tarasov has not been executed within the historical legal science until today. I. T. Tarasov not only determines the problems of the domestic government administration, which found reflection in his works, but also proposed ways and means for their solution. Scholar’s works significantly affected the development of the Russian jurisprudence of the late XIX-early XX centuries and remain relevant under the modern circumstances.
Citations count: 7
Reference:
Shamparov A.I. —
About Numbers, Literally
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 78 - 103.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.1.8117 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=8117
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Abstract:
The article presents the results of the research of a problem of the invention of the Cyrillic alphabet – contains the short historical background, analyzes a graphic component of a phenomenon of formation of alphabetic and tsifirny writing in Russia and offers and illustrates the version differing from existing by completeness and visual unambiguity.The version gives the exact answer to a question: why our letters on the tracing the such. It reveals that circumstance that graphemes of letters and figures are related, and so, there is a right to believe one phenomenon generation and development of another. Making a start from the fact of minimization of a set of elements of any digital sign and the general completeness of a digital row as closed system, the version determines tsifirny graphemes by legislative base (style) in logic of construction new, alphabetic. Using a priority, most extended, duodecimal digital order as shows research, inventors of the alphabet designed a sign for a necessary sound and their necessary quantity by means of the minimum transformations of graphemes to the affiliated. I fell work of creation of three new, truly Russian signs to lot of authors of Cyrillics; value of the last in many respects key, and in article about it is told separately. Authors knew or opened for itself a code of the European alphabets, - a question insignificant and not large-scale in the light of globality of consequences carried out by them. It is important to us who in many respects have lost communication with meanwhile, to be sure that the creation of the minds which have created so perfect system, - and Cyrillics certainly such is, - isn't inexplicable spontaneous, but on the contrary: in each detail it is reasonable, logical, strong.
The method, in a popular statement of research a little polemic, occurs from that circumstance that interest to so important problem didn't lead while to clear idea of it though to permission her experts of the different directions there is many approach attempts. The offered material by definition and also because touches on issues of history of creation of the Latin directly connected with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet, can't have any accurately outlined and, especially, limited address or quantitative audience. Reference of this subject to sections of Historical researches or Pedagogics and educations will be also pertinent, as well as to the section Culture and art.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Kozinnikova E. —
Russian police science in persons: Vladimir Matveevich Gessen
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 96 - 107.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17901 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17901
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the prominent Russian jurist of the late XIX – early XX century – Vladimir Matveevich Gessen (1868-1920). The article characterizes the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of legal state, as well as examines Gessen’s views upon the importance of transition from the police state to legal state and correlation between the notions of “legal state” and “constitutional state”. The author also reviews Gessen’s outlook upon parliamentarism as the key factor of establishment of the legal state; administrative position of justice as the assurance of adherence to the subjective public rights; and ideas about the security of a person as a component of national security. The subject and method of the research, as well as the positioning of the research problem define the scientific novelty. An attempt is made of the problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist V. M. Gessen; this topic has not been subjected to comprehensive analysis until the present time.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Chukaev T.O. —
Russian police science represented by: Vasily Nikolaevich Leshkov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 84 - 95.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17909 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17909
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritages of the renowned Russian legal expert of the XIX century – Vasily Nikolaevich Leshkov (1810-1881); establishment and evolution of Leshkov’s state-legal views, as well as his theory of public law. The article gives characteristics to the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police (administrative) law, views upon the peculiarities of the Russian national legal system, essence of the Russian foundations of law, and mechanism of regulation of public relations. The subject and method of research, as well as positioning of the research problem define the scientific novelty. The author makes an attempt of the problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist V. N. Leshkov, focusing attention on his study of the questions regarding the role of society within the system of government administration. Until the present time Leshkov’s theoretical heritage did not undergo complex analysis, as the formulated by the scholar concepts did lose their relevance.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Gevorkian D.S. —
Russian police science in persons: Vladimir Fedorovich Deryuzhinsky
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 813 - 827.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16395 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16395
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Vladimir Fedorovich Deryuzhinsky (1861-1920); establishment and evolution of his state legal views; realization of the developed by him concepts in the area of improving the regulation of public relations in the early XX century. This article characterizes the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police (administrative) law, his outlook upon the problems of realization of the social function of the government, as well as on the questions of care about poor and prevention of the behavior deviation. The author attempts the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of V. F. Deryuzhinsky, which did not have a place within the historical-legal science until today. The study of Deryuzhinsky’s experience and public activity can encourage the search for the effective solutions to the problems of social control over the deviations within the public life, as well as the development of optimal models of prevention of such problem of society in the modern world.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
E. N. Berendts on police status in the police and legal state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 149 - 161.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21066 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21066
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the accomplished Russian legal expert of the late XIX – early XX century, professor of financial law – Eduard NIkolaevich Berendts (1860-1930). Special attention is given to the views of E. N. Berendts upon the police status, place of police within the mechanism of police state, role of the police agencies in the legal state; importance of the Constitution in ensuring and adherence to the legitimacy in the process of realization by the police of its main functions. The scientific novelty is defined by the absence within the Russian and foreign legal science of the comprehensive research dedicated to the theoretical heritage of E. N. Berendts. The author uses the works of the scholar that have not been previously translated into the Russian language, as well as the archive materials originally introduced into the scientific discourse. The work is the first to examine the views of E. N. Berendts upon the role and place of the police in the legal state, importance of the normative consolidation of the powers of police officers, role of the Constitution in regulation of the police activity in legal state.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Kozinnikova E. —
State of exception as special legal regime (experience of analysis of the normative acts and works of police scientists of the Russian Empire of the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 87 - 95.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.22543 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22543
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the special legal regime established in the Russian Empire in the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century that was entitled as the state of exception by the police scientists. The author analyzes the normative act, based on which was functioning the state of exception – “Ordinance on Measures for the Preservation of the State Order and Public Tranquility” of 14 August 1881. State of exception is characterized as the means of neutralization of the emergency sociopolitical situation and political preventative measures of revolutionary threat to the existing government structure. The article determines the contribution of the Russian police science into development of the theory of special regimes. The author provides characteristics to the legal norms that manifest as the foundation for imposing the state of exception in the Russian Empire of the indicated timeframe, as well as identifies the differences between the positions of increased security and special security. Attention is given to the analysis of the works of Russian police scientist V. M. Gessen, who provides characteristic to the essence and meaning of the state of exception, as well as assessment of the results of imposing the positions of increased security and special security in the Russian Empire. A conclusion is made that the long-term use of the special regime as the means of neutralization of the emergency sociopolitical situation and political preventative measures is not efficient.
Citations count: 5
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
Russian police science in persons: Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 828 - 843.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16389 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16389
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts (1860-1830). This article gives characteristics to the contribution of the scholar into the development of theory of the police (administrative) law and reviews his outlook upon the regularities of transition from police law to administrative law, upon the problem of determination of methodological foundations of the science of administrative law and its systematization. The author examines E. D. Berendts’ ideas on the regularities of evolution of the system of government authorities, as well as efficiency of the work of the central and local administration and peculiarities of functioning of the government apparatus of Finland as a constituent of the Russian Empire. The author attempts a promplematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theroretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist E. N. Berendts, which until the current times was not subjected to the comprehensive analysis.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Dyemina Y.V. —
Modern national historiography of famine of 1891-1892
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 85 - 94.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.4.25810 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25810
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the opinions and assessments, main vectors and achievements of the modern Russian scholars on separate aspects of examination of famine of 1891-1892: factors, scale, demographic consequences, role of nonprofit organizations and government in elimination of aftermath of the famine, questions of food supply of the population. The object of this research is the entirety of the published historiographical sources on the topic, including scientific articles, synopses, dissertations and monographs. The author notes that at the turn of 1990-2000’s were determined the new vectors of research on the debatable questions of famine of 1891-1892; the “archival fever” of the late 1990’s expanded the problematic of examination of famine and complemented the research frame with new sources. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a comprehensive scientific analysis of the views of modern national historians regarding the debatable questions of famine of 1891-1892. In the course of this work, an attempt was made to systematize the recent scientific results of the national scholars on the problems of famine of 1891-1892. The analysis of scientific works allowed concluding on the low attention of the modern Russian agrarian historians towards the territorial peculiarities of famine; primarily are studied the agricultural regions of Russia. At the present time there is a lack of extensive and fundamental studies of the Russian scholars on the problem of famine.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Omnipotence of the police state in assessment of the Russian police science
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 67 - 86.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24883 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24883
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the theoretical heritage of the Russian police scientists, who assumed that the police stat will be able to reach such level of socioeconomic development that an individual will not experience any material or spiritual needs. The essence of the police state was not reduced to compulsion or violence. At the same time, the implementation of the project of police state, the achievements of which became the lack of freedom and personal sacrifice to the state for the sake of the common good, practically led the society to stagnation. The article examines the ideas of the Russian police scientists, which encouraged the emergence of a new outlook upon the purpose of the state that consisted in providing triumph in the legal state, ensuring each one with the sphere of personal freedom, and restricting omnipotence of the state with legal norms. The author gives characteristics to the Russian police-legal thought in the context of analyzing the omnipotence (supreme power) of the police state. Theoretical construct of the police stat was built in accordance with the desire to make life on each individual decent, as well as achieve common good and national happiness. In practice, the means for achieving the goal of the police state consisted in development of the all-encompassing police activity, exhaustive regulation of people’s life, meticulous oversight by government agencies of the needs and interests of the citizens. Theory of the police state has an important historical meaning: within its framework has begun the process of comprehending the questions regarding the limitation of omnipotence of the police state and determination of the effective means of preservation and protection of personal rights and freedoms.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Shapkina E.A. —
Modern Russian and Foreign Internet Resources of Official Archives as a Source for Studying History of the Russian State of the Late XXth - Early XXIst Centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 1.
– P. 18 - 35.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.1.13750 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13750
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Abstract:
Researches of Russian history of the 'epoch of changes' are rather difficult as a result of insufficient theory and methodology as well as paradoxical features of the database which is insufficient, having many gaps and at the same time excessive. Taking into account that the breakdown of the USSR and development of a new Russian state were the key processes of that period, one of the most important sources of information about those events are official documents of state authorities. The subject of the present research is the analysis and evaluation of Russian and foreign official Internet archive resources as a source for studying history of the Russian statehood of the late XXth - early XXIst centuries. To achieve the research objectives the author has applied the systems, comparative-historical, comparative-legal, structural-functional approaches and methods of induction, formalisation, systematisation and other analytical methods. The author has analyzed the largest Russian Internet archives as well as a number of foreign resources containing original digital documents on history of the USSR and Russia of the late XXth - early XXIst centuries and concludes that these digital resources have a great potential and high scientific value as a source of original historical information.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Russian police science: main stages of its establishment and development
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 764 - 786.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16493 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16493
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the main stages of establishment and development of the Russian police science. Taking into account the fact that theoretical heritage of the Russian police scientists until present times preserves the ability to enrich the legal science and encourage the search for optimal solutions of the modern problems, the complex analysis of the Russian police science will allow using its scientific potential to a full extent. The author gives characteristics to the three stages of the establishment and development of the police-legal theory in Russia during the period of XVII-early XX centuries. Names of the prominent Russian police scientists and their major work are being analyzed. The author conducts a historiographical review of this topic. The desire to determine the dynamics and historical prospect of development of the ideas of the Russian police scientists on state and law, requires structuring this research based on the principle of historicism. The author characterizes the concept of the police state, legal state, social state, as well as the concept of public-legal relations in the area of government administration developed by the Russian police scientist in the late XIX and the early XX centuries.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Methodology of historical-legal source studies: goal orientations, functional focus, level of organization of cognitive resources
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 67 - 80.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28474 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28474
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Abstract:
This article presents the original perspective on the fundamental problems of understanding of goal orientations, functional designation, and methodological structure of the historical-legal source studies. Leaning on the general philosophical comprehension of methodology and the approaches towards definition of methodology in the historical source studies and legal science, the author focuses attention of the place, role and peculiarities of methodology as the tool for studying the carries of state legal information. Attention is also given to the overall arrangement of methodological material based on determining the levels as the model of specialized historiographical methodological knowledge. The five levels-subsystems of methodology of studying the carriers of state legal information are described: methodological principles, methodological approaches, specific scientific methods, methods and technique of research. The scientific novelty of this article consists in the fact that its materials are aimed at generalization and systematization of theoretical knowledge of methodology of the historical-legal source studies as a system of knowledge, cognitive coordinated and instrumental foundation for studying the types and varieties of information carries on the history of state and law.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Egorov N.Y. —
Special legal regime as the means of protection of public security (in accordance with the works of I. T. Tarasov)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 112 - 121.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.23738 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23738
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Abstract:
The subject of this study is the actualized part of theoretical and legal heritage of the prominent Russian lawyer of the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century – Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov (1849-1929); his representations on the essence of special legal regime as the means of protection of public safety; the provided by him characteristic of the state of emergency or martial law as the political preventative measures of prevention and methods for preserving the political system. The article discusses I. T. Tarasov’s idea regarding the possibility of ensuring public safety through the implementation of the special legal regime. The comprehensive problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of theoretical legal heritage of I. T. Tarasov is realized in the modern legal science for the first time. The article discusses the views of I. T. Tarasov upon the capability of the special legal regime to ensure the public safety. The author characterizes the scholar’s ideas concerning the implementaiton, operation and termination of the state of exception and martial law, as well as analyzes his views on the questions of using the weapons by police agencies and administration in terms of the special legal regime. Conclusion is made that I. T. Tarasov insisted on the need for legislative regulation of the special legal status, within the framework which takes place the limitation of rights and freedoms , and expands the government interference in social life. Tarasov developed the theory of restriction of state intervention into the social processes and determined that the law must be the basic measure of restriction, including the implementation of the special legal regime. He argued the need to establish the boundaries of police activity and guarantees of the political and civil freedoms of an individual. The ideas of I. T. Tarasova pertinent to the special legal regime as the means for protection of public safety, found their reflection and development in the Russian theoretical-legal science and practice of legislative consolidation of the relations in the conditions of the state of emergency in modern Russia.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Yunina E.A. —
Military daily life of 1941-1945 in epistolary documents of the Siberian combatants
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 11.
– P. 65 - 100.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.11.30885 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30885
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Abstract:
Through the analysis of epistolary documents, the author determines the information component of letters and perception of war by the Siberian combatants: weekdays and holidays in the field, adaptation behavioral strategies, emotional state, and transformation of mindset. The work is based on application of the techniques of military psychology, history of everyday life, historical-anthropological approach and text analysis. The sphere of personal human experiences are analyzed in the context of extreme conditions for the first time. The novelty of this work is defined by introducing into the scientific discourse of a complex of epistolary documents from the family archives of Tobolsk residents, which have not been previously subjected to scientific analysis. The specificity of communicative process, generation of information, emotional coloring of epistles directly depended on situational factors and addressing of correspondence; receiving a letter became the key event within the realm of daily life in the front. The attributes of soldierly letters contained consolation of relatives, recommendations on maintaining the household in case of death of the combatants, description of life in the field, recreation culture. In the atmosphere of potential danger to life, took place the process of reassessment of the fundamental human values, formation of views on the nature of war, personal aspects of its perception. These problems were solved based on the level of education, professional and social affiliation, intellectual capabilities of the addressers. The adjustment to military reality was accompanied by the negative form of stress, development of the habit to extreme existence. The form of written communication allowed realizing intra-familial socio-demographic role common to the traditional binary gender system. The distinct peculiarity of Tobolsk soldier consisted in understanding of spiritual connection with birthplace; the sense of compatriotism became much stronger.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Aksarin V.V. —
Settlements of the Ostyako-Vogulsky National District in the 1930s : Number and Typology.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 71 - 81.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.39041 EDN: EHSSYN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39041
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the settlement network of the Ostyako-Vogul National District of the Omsk region, the object is spatial placement, number, typology, size (by the number of inhabitants) its localities. In addition, the influence of natural-geographical, socio-economic and other conditions for the development of the network of settlements was taken into account. The sources for the study of the settlement network were the documents of the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE) introduced into scientific circulation for the first time: materials of the Central Statistical Office under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, lists of populated places indicating the population according to the All-Union Census of 1939 in the Ostyako-Vogul National District. The work used historical-comparative, historical-typological, statistical research methods, as well as methods of graphical representation of the data obtained. Analysis, comparison and critical approach allowed us to consider the process of development of the settlement network in the studied district. Reference to the historical experience of the settlement network of the national district will contribute to the replenishment of data on the history of the regional settlement system. For the first time, a quantitative analysis of the structure of settlements showed the predominance in the typology of the settlement network of yurts, villages, settlements, the presence of a small number of villages. The size of villages of different types in the district is determined. Thus, the number of inhabitants of yurts averaged 35 people, villages – 85, settlements – 482, villages – 892.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Dergileva S.Y. —
Russian police science in persons: Arkadiy Ivanovich Elistratov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 844 - 859.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16394 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16394
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Arkadiy Ivanovich Elistratov (1872-1955); the establishment and evolution of his state legal outlooks; his vews upon the essence of the government administration; realization of the developed by A. I. Elistratov projects of government reformations in the Russian state in the early XX century; assessment of the A. I. Elistratov views by the contemporaries and the scholars of the XXI century. For the first time within the historical legal science, the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of A. I. Elistratov is carried out. There is no possible way to form the new approaches towards the fundamental problems of the legal theory without taking into account the creative heritage of the prominent Russian jurists, among which is A. I. Elistratov. His works represent such scientific potential that can contribute into determination of the vectors of the state legal development of Russia, as well as the development of the modern juridical science towards the consolidation of the priority of human rights, and recognition of their leading role in modernization of the legal system of the nation.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Sushkov A.V., Bedel A.E., P'yankov S.A. —
Industry of luxurious life: to the question on corruption relationships of the Ural party-state leadership and economic organizations in the 1930’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 8.
– P. 69 - 88.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.8.30518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30518
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the corruption practices among the party and economic leadership in the Ural Region during the Soviet industrialization period of 1930’s. Based on the documents of party control bodies, the article examines the facts of misappropriation of funds and material resources. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the attempt to profoundly understand the causes of repressions of the 1930’s pertaining to regional government and big economic executives. The newly introduced into the scientific discourse historical sources allow clarifying the information on the factors affecting the delays in construction of a number of large industrial plants, as well as housing for workers and amenities in the industrial centers of Ural Region. The descriptive method allowed demonstrating the details of corruption relationships between the party leadership and executives of industrial plants. The historical-genetic method allowed reconstructing and specifying the circumstances of disruption in the construction of a number of important industrial objects, as well as clarifying the reasons of severe living conditions of the employees of large industrial construction projects of the Ural Region during the industrialization period. The novelty of this article consists in conducting a special scientific research dedicated to the corruption relationships between party nomenclatura and economic leaders. The conclusion is made that the unlawful actions of economic and party leadership contradicted the proclaimed by the Soviet propaganda image of a communist, ideas of equality and justice, inflicted irreparable reputational damage, and discredited the Soviet government system overall.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
Evolution and establishment of judicial administration in Soviet Russia (1917-1922)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 9.
– P. 31 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.9.22622 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22622
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The subject of this research is the stage of organization of the Soviet courts, formation and evolution of the Soviet judicial administration, which had attracted and continues to attract the attention of many scholars. There has been written fairly large amount of articles, books, monographs, and theses dedicated to the events of this time, which ended with the establishment of both, the new political and new judicial systems. However, the official ideology and practice of the Soviet state construction that initially rejected the idea of separation of powers as alien and bourgeois, due to which the court throughout the entire Soviet period did not receive the true independence, left a mark upon all social phenomena, including science to a certain extent. Therefore, multiple works in the area of examination of the establishment of Soviet judicial system and judicial administration, were ideologically tendentious, referred to the extensive circle of communist and propagandistic literature, as well as accessible to public archive materials that favorably characterized the Soviet structure. The author introduces the original point of view on the complicated process of destruction of the old imperial judicial system and creation of the drastically new judicial apparatus alongside the apparatus of judicial administration until the Judiciary Reform of 1922. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that through the prism of state policy in the context of transformations, realized by the Soviet government in judicial sphere, the article demonstrates the establishment of the judicial administration. Based on the generalization of the existing research and published, but not introduced into the scientific discourse archive sources, the work formulates and substantiates the origins, political legal nature of judicial administration applicable to a particular stage of the political legal development of Russia (1917-1922).
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Okhota V.S. —
Organization of the food service for civilians of a base city during the wartime (on the example of Krasnoyarsk)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 138 - 143.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.2.24438 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24438
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to examination of the questions of organization of public food service in Krasnoyarsk. The period of Great Patriotic War marked the intensification of centralization in planning, allocation of state resources, expansion of food service for the workers. However, the sphere of public food service has experienced certain problems. The subject of this research is the analysis of organization of food service for civilian of a base city during the wartime on the example of Krasnoyarsk. Special attention is given to the emerging problems and methods of their resolution in the indicated sphere. Methodological foundation is the theory of modernization transition. The review of archival documents demonstrated that the provision of food product and durable goods to the population, as well as organization of public food service of a base city during the wartime, turned out to be a task of immense complexity, thus required immediate solution. As a result of analysis, it was determined the for solution of the aforementioned problem were established the allowance rates; government structures, production companies, nongovernmental organization, and population itself were enlisted in organization of provision. Besides the already existing canteen facilities for employees and dietetic refectories, were added the canteen facilities for civil servants, children, students, families of war veterans, evacuated civilians, and disabled veterans of the Great Patriotic War. The conducted research underlines that the experience of different countries marks the intensification of government intervention into the economy at the time of social instability during the war. The distributive form of relationship between the government and population has established in the country. Action of the local government authorities on expanding and improving the public food service chain during the war period, played an important role in prevention of mass famine.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
Nature, social meaning, and elements of state – the subject of theoretical legal research of E. N. Berendts
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 96 - 111.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24073 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24073
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The subject of this research is the updated part of theoretical legal heritage of the prominent Russian lawyer of the late XIX – early XX century Eduard Nikolayevich Berendts (1860-1830). Main attention is dedicated to the views of E. N. Berendts upon the nature, meaning, and elements of state, its goals and possibilities of their implementation, as well as problems of transitioning from the police state to legal. The author also turns attention to the essence of the state’s legal nature considered by E. N. Berendts. In analyzing the historical sources and archival documents, the author applied the historical-legal method, which allowed acquiring the knowledge about the events and drawing the corresponding theoretical conclusions. The scientific reconstruction of the past helped comprising a maximally full representation about the problem at hand within the timeframe and space. The portrait-individualizing method combines the chronological and problem-theoretical approaches, which revealed the individual distinctness of the scholar’s views upon the state and law, as well as determine the issues that on one hand connected the life and creative paths of E. N. Berendts, dynamics of the ideological struggle and intellectual creativity with the results, while on the other – manifested as the specific historical milestone of cognition. The scientific novelty is defined by the lack of comprehensive research dedicated to the theoretical heritage of E. N. Berendts within the Russian and foreign juridical science. The author used the previously untranslated into the Russian language works of the scholar and introduces them into the scientific discourse for the first time.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Nilogov A.S. —
Scientific verification of Khakassian genealogical lore: from mytho- and ethno-genealogy to DNA-genealogy
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 57 - 65.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.1.29539 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29539
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This article explores the problem of scientific verification of the Khakassian genealogical lore. Such variations as mytho-genealogical ethno-genealogical and oral can be determined among them from typological perspective. Using the example of oral tradition on the ancestry of Domozhakovs family, the author examines the question of establishment of authenticity through application of the new genealogical methods, The most recent DNA genealogical methods allow objectifying a specific genealogical lore, which is impossible to verify using the approaches of classical genealogy. This refers to DNA-testing of contemporary representatives trough the patrilineal ancestry. The article applies such methods as analytical, genealogical, linguistic, descriptive, paleographic, synthetic, comparative, and heuristic. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the author is first to propose a systemic research approach on verification of Khakassian genealogical lore, including different levels of genealogical verification: crossover verba;, archival-documental, and DNA-genealogical. Viability of the latter scientific method would allow pursuing correlation between the legendary primogenitors and actual biological ancestors.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
The main directions of the party-state policy of the USSR in the field of judicial administration (1970-1980)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 121 - 139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14134 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14134
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The subject of the study are the main directions of the party-state policy of the USSR in the field of judicial administration in the period from 1970 to 1980. This period is characterized by Counterreform state legal reforms conducted from mid 1950 to mid-1960. Overall, despite the controversial transformation in the life of Soviet society associated with this historical period, there were significant and represented one of the most important periods in the history of the Soviet Union in terms of modernization. The author shows that subsequent changes in the party and the government led to a partial return of the administrative-command model of judicial control characteristic of the Stalin era.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A. —
Sarajevo Crisis: Lessons of the First World War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 37 - 52.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11459 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11459
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It has been one hundred years since the beginning of the First World War and both historians and all who concern about the past are again interested in the lessons of the First World War. Despite the well known opposition of the two military alliances, the war was quite unexpected by most of regular population. Yet, the war was first perceived as something elated or grandiose. The murderer of the heir presumptive to the Austria-Hungarian throne Franz Ferdinand followed by the Sarajevo crisis led to the global conflict and the crisis of all European civilizations. Based on the memories of the eyewitnesses, feature materials and archive documents, the author of the article re-enact circumstances that led to the murderer in Sarajevo and event afterwards. According to the author of the article, the spiritual crisis of the European civilization was the true reason of the world conflict. The society was inevitably coming to that and encouraged by military and political leaders. Almost all governments of the leading European countries were interested in Franz Ferdinant's death. They wanted to change the situation in the world but need an official reason to take actions.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Nasibullin R.A. —
“Definitive fight for eliminating all the consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions on the theoretical legal front in the shortest possib
“Definitive fight for eliminating all the consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions on the theoretical legal front in the shortest possible time ... “: 1937 at Sverdlovsk Law Institute
le time ... “: 1937 at Sverdlovsk Law Institute
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 67 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.1.22790 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22790
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This article examines the initial stage of the political campaign aimed at “liquidation of consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions in the theoretical legal front” in the USSR and Sverdlovsk Law Institute In March of 1937. This battle resulted in seizing from the institute library of the works of repressed authors; dismissal of the lecturer of Soviet State Law P. A. Gordeev “for perversion in teaching”; on March 16-19 of 1937, holding a meeting of the Institute teachers and students, participants of law school and law courses, employees of court and prosecutor’s office for discussing a situation “on the theoretical legal front”; revision of curriculum and learning materials of the institute; increasing control of the departments and educational sector over delivering lecture and classes. The author analyzes a special opinion of the Professor S. F. Kechakian of May 15, 1937, on resolution of the general meeting. The unpublished archival documents and materials of the Ural State Law University and the State Archive of Sverdlovsk Region are introduced into the scientific discourse. Two addendums from previously unpublished documents from the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region, prepared for publication by the author of the article, are attached to the research.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Fetyukov F.V. —
Historical types of cooperation between the civil society and the government
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.2.18360 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18360
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The object of this research is the legal relations established between the civil society and the government in various spheres of social life. The subject is of the historical types of cooperation between the civil society and the government. Based on the analysis of scientific data about the regularities of cooperation between the civil society and the government in the XIX – beginning of XXI centuries, the author determined and examines two historical types of such cooperation: “social contract” and “social dependence”. At the same time, the author focuses attention on the flaws of the reviewed types and their inapplicability on the modern stage of development of the public relations. Scientific novelty consists in typification of collaboration between the civil society and the government in the XIX – the beginning of XXI centuries, as well as in substantiation of the conclusion about the current inapplicability of such historical types as “social contract” and “social dependency”. The main conclusion consists in the fact that in the foundation of such cooperation on the main state of development of the public relations lies the idea of dialogue communication, which allows expecting the mutual understanding and satisfaction of interests of both, the civil society, and the government.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I., Zagorodnyuk N.I. —
The network of settlements in the Kondinskiy district of the Ural region according to the census of 1926
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 43 - 54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24105 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24105
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The subject of this research is the network of settlements of Kondinskiy district of the Tobolsk district of the Urals region. The object is spatial distribution, typology, size and infrastructure of its settlements. Sources for the study of the development of the settlement network of the area were the materials of the Circumpolar census of population of 1926-1927 and lists of localities of the Tobolsk district of the Urals region on October 1, 1926. The analysis of the sources helped to identify the location of settlements relative to water sources. The authors concluded that the settlements were located along rivers at a great distance from each other. The typology of the settlement network was dominated by this type of settlement as "derevnya". The number of "selo" and "vyselok" (the settlement outside the village) is slightly. The settlements outside the village were formed in the course of commercial activities of the population. Settlements in the area were small and amounted, on average, 11 households, 41 person. They had a chaotic structure of buildings, streets and alleys were absent. The social infrastructure of settlements of the area was poorly developed, the village council of Nakhrachi, which was the administrative center of Kondinskiy district, had all the elements of infrastructure (school, medical point, post office, commercial establishments).
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Kenya I.A. —
Charity in Terms of Socio-Economic Development of Russia: Legal and Regional Aspects
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 149 - 164.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.3.789 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=789
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The article is devoted to the history of Russian charity in terms of its legal regulation by means of the following sources of law: decrees, charters, transitory provisions, circular orders. The author of the article describes stages of development of charity activity in Russian history before the Revolution as well as different forms of charity activity including private, social, local, church charity and donations of the Tsar family. The author also views the process of state regulation of charity activity performed by charity associations in the XIX - early XX centuries. The author analyzes the reasons of such a wide spread of charity in Russia at the end of the XIX - beginning of the XX centuries as well. Regional aspects are presented by famous charity providers of the Bryansk district in Orlovsky province such as S. Maltsev, P. Gubonin, the Mogiltsevs and the Tenishevs. The author also describes their contribution not only to the socio-cultural development of the Bryansk region but Russian charity in general. The author also discusses how to revive charity traditions in modern Russia.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Grigor'eva O.G. —
International legal cooperation of USSR on civil affairs during the period of 1922-1956
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 86 - 101.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.19064 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19064
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The subject of this research is the genesis of the international legal cooperation of USSR with foreign countries on civil affairs during the period of 1922-1956. Based on the international agreements and treaties, as well as other international legal acts of the Soviet Union, the author reconstructs a historical picture of interaction between the competent authorities of the Soviet State and a number of foreign countries in providing the legal support on civil affairs, including collection of the alimony payments to minors, inheritance, custody, etc. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the work uses the materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, which have been introduced for the first time into the scientific circulation. Among these materials is the diplomatic correspondence, agreements between the Soviet Union and other foreign countries, and others. During the course of this research, the author uses a historical method, which allows analyzing the examined legal phenomenon in dynamics, as well demonstrate its interconnection with the existed public relations and events that took place in the global arena during the aforementioned period of time.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Khasanova M. —
Cultural cooperation of Russia and Belarus in the post-Soviet space
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 68 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23310 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23310
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This article is dedicated to examination of the aspects of cultural cooperation of Russia and Belarus at the present stage as a foundation for profound integration. The goal of the research lies in determining the type, features, and factors of the development of Russia-Belarus cooperation in the area of culture as a foundation contributing into the integration of both nations within the particular historical context in the late XX – early XXI centuries. The need for studying the intercultural differences is indicated. Relevance of researching the interaction between Russia and Belarus in the area of culture is caused by the dynamically developing sociocultural and political situation in modern Europe and the world in the conditions of globalization. An attempt is made to understand to what extent and by which means the culture conduces integration or disintegration of the state. The article considers various options and prospect for Russia-Belarus cultural cooperation. The author introduces into the scientific discourse newest documents pertaining to the Russia-Belarus relations, as well as analysis all major joint cultural events.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Dmitriev A. —
Legal ideas of I. G. Schwarz (on the compendia of lectures "About three cognitions: curious, pleasant and useful" and other lectures for 1782-1783)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 126 - 139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.18559 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18559
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The subject of this work is the legal ideas of Ivan Grigorevich Schwartz – prominent representative of masonry in Russia, tenured Professor of philosophy at Moscow University. The author analyzes the origins of and the content of the lectures Schwarz G. I. "three knowledges: curious, pleasant and useful" (1782), lectures at the University (1782) and public lectures (1782-1783), "the Reasoning in the collections of the Friendly learned society" (1782) in relation to law and the doctrine of Russian Freemasons of the XVIII century. This article provides an understanding of the views of I. G. Schwartz for the state, law, morality within the meaning of the terms and categories of the XVIII century and their relation to the doctrine of Russian Freemasonry of the XVIII century. For this purpose the author has used religious-philosophical and historical-legal methods of research. Legal ideas of I. G. Schwartz are the result of religious and philosophical speculation on the nature of man and his place in society. The article shows the role of law, science and itself in religious and social life of man. In his lectures, Schwartz uses such notions as "law", "citizen", "position", "justice", "state" and etc. Schwartz claims that it is necessary for a person to comply with positive law – the existing laws, because this is human nature, pursuit to improvement, return to the Creator, or the original ancient ideal.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bakhteev D.V. —
Prerequisites for establishment and development stages of the technology of artificial intelligence
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 8.
– P. 89 - 98.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.8.30382 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30382
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The object of this research is the technology of artificial intelligence. The subject of this research is the mechanisms and factors of the establishment and development of this technology. Philosophical prerequisites underlied the classical scientific works; however, the foundation for the establishment of the aforementioned technology is the studies in the area of neurophysiology and theory of computation. In the XX century, with the advancement of computer engineering, this technology received an impetus to development, which lead to its widespread proliferation and increased the interest of socio-humanitarian sciences, primarily jurisprudence and ethics towards it. The following conclusions were made. Methodological foundation of the modern technologies of artificial intelligence is the nervous system theory, which serves as prototype for designing the artificial intelligence systems on the basis of the artificial neural networks. The process of establishment and development of such technology was divided into five stages. The factors ensuring wide proliferation of the systems of artificial intelligence include: the possibility of modeling of the processes of human reasoning, collection and processing of large data, interdisciplinary and multifaceted nature of scientific research on this technology.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Akhatov A.T. —
Historical and archeological study of the village Tekeyevo of the XVIII century (using the materials of expedition to Salavatsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2017)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 11.
– P. 80 - 91.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.11.27991 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27991
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This article presents the results of field studies of the archeological expedition by R. G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Studies of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted in 2017 to territory of Salavatsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The object of this research is the no longer existing village of Tekeyevo – birthplace of the Bashkir national hero Salawat Yulayev and his father Yulay Aznalin, one of the leader of Peasant’s War of 1773-1775; the village was burned in 1775 after suppression of the rebellion. The author applied comprehensive approach based on interlinking the existing written, cartographic and ethnographic materials, which characterize location area of the village of Tekeyevo in the past, with the results of archeological studies. Archeological reconnaissance conducted for determining the localization of the village of Tekeyevo revealed certain discrepancy between the archeological data and sources of the allied scientific disciplines. Despite this fact, the analogous comprehensive research of the Bashkir localities of the late Middle Ages and Modern Age should be continued in the future, helping to address a wide variety of questions associated with examination of culturogenesis of the Bashkirs and other peoples of the region as a whole.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Uzbekova Y.I. —
Council for the Study of Productive Forces within the system of “mobilized science” (1930 – 1950’s)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 12.
– P. 32 - 43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.12.31660 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31660
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In the scientific system of “Stalin’s modernization” period a special place was held by the Council for the Study of Productive Forces (CCPF), which after its establishment in 1930 was charged with thorough research on the country’s natural resources. The activity of the Council, similar to other scientific institutions, was subordinated to the stringent production-oriented policy of the country’s leadership; therefore, its experience may be considered as an important source for designing the model of the “mobilized” Stalin’s science. Emphasis is made on the causes and dynamics of the reforms that took place with the Council for the Study of Productive Forces throughout 1930’s – 1950’s, as well as the key changes in the Council’s development strategy. For this purpose the author applied the historical-systemic method and the concept of the social institution of science. The article provides characteristics to the new concept of development, formulated in the end of 1940’s, underlining the role of the state’s general economic strategy in selection of particular forms and vectors for the work of CCPF. The conclusion is made that CCPF was influenced objectives of accelerated modernization of Stalin’s period to the full extent. The logics of the development of CCPF structures, topic of scientific research, shift of productive forces towards East in the late 1940’s – all these was justified by the course of central leadership. It is noted that the administrative-command system created multiple obstacles for the effective work of the Council for the Study of Productive Forces and its cooperation with the Academy of Sciences and other organizations. From the practical perspective, the case of interest is the mechanism of interaction between scientific and departmental structures in implementation of plans for the rapid creation of industrial centers in the conditions of limited time and material resources.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Skrydlov A. —
“The Case of Professors” in 1821 at St. Petersburg University in the history of Russian statistics
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 11.
– P. 156 - 168.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.11.36856 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36856
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This publication is written in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the “Case of Professors" of St. Petersburg University, which heralds the important stage in the formation of conservative policy of the Russian government in the sphere of science and education. The object of this research is the impact of the events of 1821 upon the development of government science in Russia – the early direction of statistical science. The author analyzes the prerequisites for the emergence of political-economic direction of government science in Russia, draws parallel with the traditional German school, outlines the key peculiarities – attempt to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the phenomena under review, establish causal relationships between them, appose government science with political economics. In the course of the “Case of Professors”, two of the most prominent representatives of this scientific direction – C. T. Hermann and K .I. Arsenyev were exposed to harsh criticism by the officials of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education. Leaning on the published and archival sources, the article explores the arguments of M. L. Magnitsky, I. S. Laval, A. N. Golitsyn on the topic of teaching statistics at the university. The conclusion is made that the major complaint of the officials to the teaching techniques and scientific works of Hermann and Arsenyev was their extensive interpretation of the subject of statistical science. The opponents of the scholars sought to bring the government science back to the traditional for the XVIII century descriptive school, as well as limit it solely to the empirical methods. It is indicated that the prohibition against using the works of Hermann and Arsenyev in the educational institutions entail significant consequences and halted the development of political-economic direction of government science for over two decades. The university statistical education returned to this tradition only after 1835, with the adoption of the new university charter.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
Court Administration as a Structure-Functional Unit in the Soviet State Administration System
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 16 - 36.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11044 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11044
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The article is devoted to the court administration forming and development in the Soviet Russia, to the evolution of processes of the court administration development performed by the subjects of the outward administrative court management (the organization’s executives) as well as by the subjects of the court administration inside the court system. The author of the articles also shows the role of the Soviet Party bodies in forming and developing organizational and ideological principles of the court administration and in working out models of the court administration and its gradual transformation into internal administration which serves to make the present-day court system independent and self-sufficient. The methodological basis of the work is the principles of dialectic and historical materialism which lets view the problems under research in their appearance and development in tight connection with the Soviet State building and the necessities of the court administration. In the course of the research the comparative analysis, technical, logical, historical and legal and other methods of learning the state legal processes and phenomena have been used. The scientific novelty is in the distinctiveness of the question posing which supposes to study the whole complex of the administrative influence in the courts from the Party’s bodies, Administration and State Power branches and the higher courts that aimed at providing the optimal work of the people’s courts. The author of the article strongly believes that the court administration as an institution is not dying, but it is transforming into a new state – internal system administration and continues its incessant influence on the processes in the present-day internal court power.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Sulimin A.N. —
Nonlinear dynamics of the Russian political orders through a prism of historical process
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 338 - 364.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.16617 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16617
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The article considers of the evolution of the Russian political orders in historical process from the point of view of a synergetic paradigm. The author identifies historical types of the Russian political orders, considers nonlinear dynamics of their formation, the organization and degradation. The concept of the author argues that Post-Soviet Russia has gone through several microbifurcations and is in a phase of disintegration of the Soviet political order. By results of research the author refers to conditions and necessary factors of origin of a new political order in modern Russia.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bravina R., Prokopeva A.N., Petrov D.M., Syrovatskiy V.V. —
Cremation rites At Batyran III and Kuuduk III in Erkeeni Valley of the upper Lena River (XIV – XVIII centuries)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 10.
– P. 109 - 123.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.10.31033 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31033
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Abstract:
The traditional Yakut culture preserved the rituals rooted in the Ancient Turkic era of Southern Siberia. Particular interest arouses the burial rite of Yakut people, among which was cremation of the deceased. In legends, this ritual is associated to the ancient tribe Kyrgys that lived well ahead of the arrival of the ancestors of Yakut people to the middle Lena River – Omogoya and Ellyaya. Noteworthy is that accordant to the Chinese manuscripts, this ritual is also known among ancient Turkic and Yenisei Kyrgyz people. Records on the existence of isolated instances of cremation of the deceased among Yakut people of the northern suburbs occur all the way until ethnographic modernity. The article applies the authentic historical sources, as well as the interdisciplinary research data in the field of forensic medicine, ethnography and folklore, which allow examining the materials on both, historiographical and interpretational levels. The goal of this work lies in the description and analysis of cremation rite and burial objects At Batyran III and Kuuduk III in the XIV – XVIII centuries, discovered and explored in one of the three valleys of middle Lena River – Erkeeni. The author assumes that at the end of first millennium AD, some part of Yenisei Kyrgyz people arrived to the territories of Lena River, and having gradually adjusted to the local environment, became a part of the forming Yakut nation.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Danilova E.N. —
The Third Constitution of the Russian Federation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 79 - 125.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.3.721 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=721
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Abstract:
The author of the artile studies the history and adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR in 1937. The author underlines some of peculiarities of these processes and compares them to the preparation of Stalin Constitution in 1936. The emphasis is made on the fact that development and adoption of new republican constitutions was a part of ongoing Constitional Reform in the USSR during the second half of the 1930's. The author of the article concludes that Politburo and the Central Committee of the Comunist Party of the Soviet Union played an important role and controlled the entire process of creation and adoption of new republican Constitutions. By studying materials of the brief peoples discussion of the Draft Constitution of the RSFSR in 1937 the author has defined the most important problems that worried the population of the Russian republic. Those problems included national relations, status of national republics, economic and social rights of rural and urban population, education and repressions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Zalietok N. —
British women in the First World War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 50 - 65.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14066 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14066
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Abstract:
The study of the peculiar position of British women and their involvement in the military campaign during the First World War are of great interest to scientists in the context of a large-scale struggle for the women’s emancipation that covered Britain in the early XX century. Activities of British women as members of the women’s auxiliary services and rear workers largely predetermined their future position in the society. The goal of this article is to analyze the main types of employment of British women during the military campaign of 1914-1918, as well as their attitude towards the war through the prism of social stereotypes. In the course of the study a historical-comparative method, a problem-chronological method, an analytical and psychological method, a statistical method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis were used. The author concludes that in the period of the First World War, due to the conscription of a large number of men in the army, the list of jobs available to the female population significantly expanded. This case concerned members of the women’s auxiliary services as well as women rear workers. In addition, in this period women were active participants of campaigns that represented polar ideological directions – from pacifism to direct appeals to men to join the army. Traditional gender views on the role of women in this period, due to the military situation, were slightly diminished. At the same time, along with admiration for isolated examples of women's sacrifice, the majority of ordinary British women – members of the women’s auxiliary services and rear workers – were often subjected to condemnation by the society.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Syrovatskiy V.V. —
Burial of Vladimirovka (XVII century): a new monument with secondary burial rite in Central Yakutia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 4.
– P. 77 - 83.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.4.29488 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29488
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the Yakut burial rite of the XVII century. The subject of this research is the ritually disturbed burials of Yakuts. The article presents a detailed review of the types of ritually disturbed burials. The author makes an attempt of interpretation of the materials of earthen burial of Vladimirovka, explored in the course of fieldwork of Srednelensky archeological expedition crew from the Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the limits of Yakutsk. This burial is referred to one of the types of ritually disturbed gravesites, namely secondary burial, which was widespread during the Late Middle Ages in Yakutia. The archeological data is compared to the ethnographic records, historical sources and natural scientific methods. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the rite of secondary burial is rarely reflected in the archeological materials and is rather considered as deviation. Moreover, the use of natural scientific methods of age determination allows identifying the specifics of burial rite and help in further dating of other monuments with similar features. The author puts forward a hypothesis on secondary burial on the monument, related to the changes in traditional beliefs of the people due to arrival of Russian population in the XVII century. Special attention is given to determination of social status of the buried based on the comparison with the existing data on burial rites of the Yakuts.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Eylbart N.V. —
Candidature of Ivan the Terrible for the throne of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Polish political pamphlets of the period of first “free election” (1572-1574)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 93 - 103.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.3.32474 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32474
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Abstract:
This article analyzes the Polish political pamphlets published during the time of first “free election” (1572-1574), the candidature of Ivan the Terrible or one of his sons was nominated for the throne of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The main goal consists in answering the question: did the Russian Tzar have a substantial number of supporters among the Polish-Lithuanian ruling elite, and did he have a chance for being elected as the king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1573. The author applies the following methods of research: analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction, deduction, problem-chronological, historical-genetic, objectivity, and historicism. The author translates the fragments of these pamphlets, as well as introduces them into the Russian scientific discourse for the first time. The conclusion is made on the significant support of “Moscovian candidate” by the Polish public opinion, and under the certain circumstances, his great chances to be elected for the Polish-Lithuanian throne. The author refutes the thesis presented in the modern Polish historiography on “miniscule” chance of Ivan the Terrible to become the king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Biyushkina N.I. —
The principles of the Soviet law in the context of codification during the period of 1950-1960
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 291 - 310.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17096 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17096
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The author thoroughly examines a number of the most important historical events that took place in the Soviet State in the 1950’s, which made possible the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union with the momentous report by N. S. Khrushchev dedicated to the cult of personality and its consequences. During this political forum, was approved a number of actions aimed at realization of the principles of socialistic legality and law order, protection of rights and freedoms of the Soviet citizens, interparty democratism, which later was reflected in the Soviet law of the studied period. The author examines the importance of the XX Congress of the Communist Party as a pivoting point in the domestic policy of the Soviet State, as well as substantiates the causes of conduction of codification of the Soviet legislation during the period of 1950-1960. The author is the first to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the principles of Soviet law within the stated period. Based on the developed criteria, the periodization of the establishment of the principles of Soviet socialistic law in accordance with its branches is performed. Codification of the Soviet legislation was based on the general legal principles: socialistic legality, democratism, social justice, and social freedom. The author’s main contribution consists in the conclusion that the true modernization of Soviet legislation during this time frame encouraged solving the most odious totalitarian tasks while preserving the Communist ideology.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Priymachuk D.V. —
Historical and political aspects of the US strategy in relation to Afghanistan and the Soviet Central Asia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 67 - 77.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.21220 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21220
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The subject of this research is the United States foreign policy doctrine in relation to Afghanistan and states of the Soviet Central Asia, which undergone a drastic transformation in the end of the XX – beginning of the XXI century due to geopolitical changes, associated with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. The conceptual structuring of Zbigniew Brzezinski defined content of the US foreign policy doctrine; and its major priority consisted in the attempt to establish the unipolar world and reconstitute the “neocolonial” system under the new circumstances. The main conclusion of this work consists in the scientifically substantiated positions on the fact that after the military Operation Desert Storm, the United Stated conducted the utilitarian policy in Central Asia and Afghanistan, which suggested the achievement of certain results within the framework of implemented foreign policy concept at minimum costs. Since the mid 1990’s, the United States established the “foundation” for the future “strategic breakthrough” in the region, the prerequisite for which were the economic interests, activation of the competitors, as well as the growing “Islamic threat”.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Serov D. —
Criminal investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court: organization and personnel (1874-1917)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 140 - 191.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.14817 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14817
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This article is dedicated to the characterization of the organization and personnel of the investigative branch of the Yekaterinburg Local Court throughout the period of its existence (1874-1917) in the context of development of investigative body of the Russian Empire of the reformation period. The article addresses the issues of evolution of the organizational structure of the investigative body of this period, differentiation of investigative posts, emergence and development of the system of investigative sectors, establishment of investigative sectors on the territory of Central Ural, as well as number and personal characteristics of the of the investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court during 1894-1916. The work presents the generalizing information on the social and ethnic origin, family ties, age, education, professional experience and social status of the investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court during 1894-1916. The author concluded that unlike during the Soviet era, there were no structured special divisions that united the investigators (investigative departments) in the branches of reformed Russia. There was also no position of a head of the investigators that was part of the court’s personnel. Similarly, there was no division of administration of the investigative branches (investigative division or department) throughout the period of 1864-1917 even in the central apparatus of the Ministry of Justice.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kozlov M.N. —
Late pagans of the Ancient Rus
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 205 - 215.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.19338 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19338
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For the first time in Russian science, the subject of this research became the history of the late pagan communities of Ancient Rus (the end of the X-XII centuries), their socioeconomic structure and lifestyle. The author presented several dominant in the modern historiography antagonist theories associated with the problems of Christianization of Ancient Rus during the pre-Mongolian era. Based on the analysis of the written sources and data, the archeologist were able to trace the main directions of the escape of the population from the forced Christianization (the end of the X-beginning of the XI centuries), as well as demonstrate the types of the late pagan communities, and presence of pagans in multiple Russian cities of the early Christian epoch. On the example of the pagan community of the Zbruch cult center, the author carries outs a historical analysis of the socioeconomic structure of late pagans, and partially follows their lifestyle. The conclusion is made that a certain part of Eastern Slavic people did not accept Christianity, and under the leadership of the priests of the pagan cult migrated to the sparsely populated wooded regions of the Western, Northern, and Northeastern Rus. They were able to preserve a part of their pagan sanctuaries in many of the large cities and villages of Rus, as well as establish a major pagan complex in the territory of Galicia Province, which became a shelter for the highest representatives of the pagan cult headed by the ruling priest.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Seleznev A.V. —
Establishment and problems of operation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge (1947-1949)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 16 - 34.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.3.25534 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25534
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The object of this research is the process of incorporation of Krasnoyarsk intelligentsia into the political and enlightenment organization, which major goal consisted in distribution of the political and scientific knowledge in USSR. The subject of this research is the establishment and problems of operation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge during the period when the indicated society forms and develops as an academic organization of the prominent scientific and public figures of the country, claiming a somewhat political-educational autonomy (1947-1949). The author introduces into the scientific discourse the previously unpublished archival documents that allowed compiling, systematizing, and analyzing the new factual material that provides a relatively full representation on the creation, operation, and educational activity of the regional All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge in the period of 1947-1949. The author concludes that this organization was formed by the prominent scientific and cultural figures, who had ideological and organizational ties with the leading part – All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Majority of the organization committee members involved in creation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society along with such enrolled by 1948 were the lecturers of the three universities of Krasnoyarsk: Medical, Pedagogical, and Siberian Forest Engineering institutes. In the first year of its existence, the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society was not able to pursue the lecturing activities due to experiencing the organizational issues.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Azarenko I.S. —
Change of status of the serfs of Kaluga Province in 1859-1862 in the context of implementation of the Serfdom Abolishment Manifesto
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26044 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26044
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The object of this research is the aspects of socioeconomic status of peasants in the Russian Empire in second half of the XIX century until the adoption of Emancipation Manifesto of 1861 and as a result of its implementation. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of the change of status of the serfs in Kaluga Province in 1859-1862 due to the Emancipation Reform. Based on the studied materials, the author provides the data on peasants’ life until the reform of 1861 and specificities of their dependent status. The author examines the specificity of conversion of peasants in Kaluga Province into the status of the temporary obliged; as well as analyzed the precise examples of conflict situations emerging in the post-reform period between peasants and landowners in the region. The scientific novelty lies in analysis of the previously unused archival documents from the State Archive of Kaluga Oblast that allowed considering the new factual material regarding the status of serfs in Kaluga Province during the indicated timeframe. A conclusion is made about the insignificant changes of serfs’ status with proclamation of the Manifesto of 1861, which mostly affected the civic-legal status rather than land relations. It is determined that in overall discontent with the terms of liberation, the declaration of the provisions of peasant reformed was met by the peasants loyally due to the mediate policy of the governor general of Kaluga Province V. A. Artsimovich
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Akberdeeva D.I. —
A. N. Ushakov – the deputy of State Duma of the first convocation from Tobolsk Governorate
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 63 - 73.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.2.28909 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28909
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The object of this research is the persona of A. N. Ushakov – the deputy of State Duma of the first convocation from Tob0lsk Governorate. The subject is his sociopolitical activity in 1906. Currently, there are no publications with sufficient description of his role in the sociopolitical processes unfolded in the governorate and the country during the establishment of the Russian parliamentarism. In order to fill the gaps in the deputy’s biography, the author examines and analyzes the materials from the personal fund preserved in the State Archive of Tobolsk, regional periodicals, and published sources. The methods of biographical analysis allow delving into the most significant events of A. N. Ushakov’s life – arrest, exile to the north of governorate for organizing the congress of peasants of Tobolsk District, election into the 1st State Duma, signing of “Vyborg Manifesto” after the disassembly of State Duma. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that it is the first work in historiography dedicated to A. N. Ushakov. The conclusion is made that the biographical materials of A. N. Ushakov are undeniably relevant for studying the establishment of parliamentarism in Russia, as well as sociopolitical history of the region overall. The revealed sources testify to the fact that with his official and social activity, Ushakov earned respect among his contemporaries who entrusted him with the right to represent Tobolsk Governorate in the 1st State Duma.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Galuzo V.N. —
On the Legislatino and Guarantees of its Uniform Execution by Representatives of the 'Prosecution Position' During the Reign of Anna Ioannovna
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 6.
– P. 138 - 161.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.6.13416 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13416
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Article in general is devoted to providing with representatives "the prosecutor's position" uniform performance of the legislation in board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna. An object of research are the regularities connected with change of boards in the Russian Empire; definition of a place of board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna in system of boards in the Russian Empire; ensuring uniform performance of the legislation; the list of offices and positions, in them consisting; a role of separate offices and positions, in them consisting in ensuring uniform performance of the legislation in the Russian Empire; a priority of a position of the prosecutor in ensuring uniform performance of the legislation; a ratio of a position of the prosecutor with other positions (the sneak's position, a position of a reketmeyster, etc.) . Method of research I became historical and legal, allowed to define system of legalizations of the Russian Empire on the basis of which conclusions were formulated. The author in the course of research drew the following conclusions: The "Supreme" power in board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna appeared less effective in comparison with board of "Sovereign Imperator" of Pyotr Alekseevich ("Peter I"). In board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna gained development one of negative forms of collective ("substitute") "Supreme" board — "favoritism". When reforming system of offices what carried out the activity secretly took advantage ("Office of Secret search affairs"). The position of the prosecutor was reanimated. And, it wasn't allowed identifications of this "position" with corresponding "office". The duty of ensuring uniform performance of the legislation was assigned to representatives of "the prosecutor's position".
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Stepanova I., Gavrilov P.V., Kutakov S.S. —
Imperial volost of Udomlya in Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land in the late XV – early XVI centuries: historical-geographical reconstruction in GIS
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 332 - 345.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.36128 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36128
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This article provides the results of research of the territorial arrangement of the largest volost of Udomlya, which belonged to the Novgorod Archbishop prior to Novgorod land was annexed by Moscow. The author conducts localization of the toponymy of volost in accordance to the cadastre of 1498/99, which contained the characteristics of pogosts and dozens volosts. The article leans on the geoinformation technologies. For localization of settlements, the author linked the borders of land dachas and toponymy of the Economic Notes of the late XVIII century. This described the territory of the volost compactly located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. This article is first to localize the territory of the volost of Udomlya located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. Characteristic is given to the territories of pogost districts and dozens the volost was divided. The author clarifies the location of the centers of pogosts; most densely populated areas were in the basin of lakes Udomlya and Pesvo and the rivers Sezha and Volchina. It is established that volost included two pogosts – Spassky and Ilyinsky, which ceased to exist as pogost districts by the mid XVI century. The settlement pattern of dozens testifies to the gradual disintegration of the decimar system in volost by the late XV – early XVI centuries.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Ryabova O.V., Efremova M.V., Shimin N.A. —
Foreign tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region in the late 1920s–1930s.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 8.
– P. 27 - 35.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.8.43717 EDN: WKDYIZ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43717
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The subject of the study is the formation and development of foreign tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) region in the first decades of Soviet power. The purpose of the paper is to describe the problems faced by the tourism industry in organizing work to attract foreign tourists.
With the beginning of the "Stalinist modernization", the flow of foreign tourists is increasing. But the material and technical base of the tourism industry turned out to be completely unprepared for this. There was also a catastrophic lack of trained personnel to work with intourists. To get out of this situation, the government creates the GAO "Intourist", which becomes a monopolist in the organization and reception of foreign tourists. The methodology of the work is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, as well as a systematic approach that allows a comprehensive examination of the subject under study. The novelty of the scientific work lies in the identification and generalization of historical sources, the involvement in scientific circulation of archival data showing the activities of the Gorky Regional Department in the period under study. The conducted research has shown that the need to open representative offices of GAO "Intourist" abroad, the organization of work with intourists already on the territory of the USSR faced an acute shortage of highly qualified personnel. The solution to this problem was the organization of courses for the training of tour guides with knowledge of foreign languages. Problems with the accommodation of intourists in hotels, poor transport provision were the result of chronic underfunding of the industry. The explanation for this is the need for industrialization in the USSR. Therefore, the tourism industry was provided on a residual basis.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Zherebchikov D.P. —
Thefts in the Russian province in the late XIX – early XX century (on the example of Voronezh governorate)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 139 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.20616 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20616
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The subject of this article is the most widespread type of crime against property in cities and counties of the Russian province of the stated period – theft. Based on the extensive circle of sources, the author reveals the following questions: legal assessment of thievery in the official criminal legislation of the Russian Empire; criminal statistics of thefts in Voronezh governorate; criminalistics characteristics of thefts conducted by the persons of lower urban classes. Special attention is given to thefts, which took place in the provincial cities. The main conclusion consists in the fact that the status of the agricultural Voronezh governorate along with the neighboring Black Earth governorates, on the “periphery” of Russian modernization, decrease the number of grand thefts. The incidence of thievery in urban society exceeded the incidence of thievery in rural society. During the period economic instability, which accompanies modernization in the Russian province, small thefts prevailed over the large thefts in the overall crimes. The lower urban classes, primarily peasants and male commoners, were the main actors of similar criminal acts.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Vasilchenko M.A., Zakharov A.M. —
“A Foreign City”: Dr. František Langer and the battles for Kazan in August – September 1918
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 131 - 137.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.4.35379 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35379
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The object of this research is the participation of the soldiers and officers of Czechoslovak Corps on the Volga front of the Russian Civil War reflected in the documentary novel by F. Langer. The goal of this work consists in the analysis of evolution of the relations of Czechoslovak legionnaires on the Russian events in the context of the large-scale socioeconomic crisis. The research is based on the novel by F. Langer, which was written in 1920 but became available for scholarly reflection almost a century later. This novel introduces new records on the events of 1918 in Kazan, which became a turning point in the battle for the Volga Region, and allows revising the chronology of protest moods within the Czechoslovak Corps. The most well-known manifestation of the refusal from participation in combat operations is the actions of the personnel of the 1st regiment of the corps under the command of the Colonel Y. Shvets, who committed suicide in the late autumn of 1918. This fact is regarded as most striking manifestation of demoralization of the military personnel; however, these symptoms could be traced in September if referred to the text of F. Langer’s chronicles, which has not previously become the subject of scientific analysis. The documentary novel expand the boundaries of protest moods in the soldier environment; it forms a solid representation on the intrapersonal conflict among the participants of the events back in the early September of 1918, which adds more details on the motivation of the participants of combat operations. The conclusion is made that the Czechoslovak Corps, solving virtually pointless battlefield tasks, not only suffered heavy losses, but also lost the meaning of its actions in general. The work of F. Langer indicates the first protest moods among the soldiers in the early autumn of 1918.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Gonta S.N. —
War in Rhodesia (1965-1979): fight against terrorists or civil conflict?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 7.
– P. 45 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.7.43415 EDN: TBNIFI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43415
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The article is devoted to the study of the war between the Rhodesian government and the black rebels from 1965 to 1979. The relevance of the work is due to the lack of fundamental research on these events in modern Russian historiography. The object of the study is the armed conflict in the territory of the Rhodesia, which took place in 1965-1979. The subject of the study is the activities of the rebel organizations that opposed the white government of the country. The author studied in detail the main events of the war in Rhodesia. Also, the work defines the role of external influence on the parties to the conflict under consideration, special attention is paid to the study of terrorist acts that were committed by members of rebel organizations. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the war in Rhodesia (1965-1979) was a civil conflict, while also being a local conflict within the global confrontation between capitalist and socialist countries. At the same time, the actions of the rebel organizations were by no means just a struggle for independence, but were accompanied by bloody terrorist acts against the civilian population.The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the main events of the military conflict, as well as in the study of the methods of fighting the rebels against the government of Rhodesia. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is a detailed description of the terrorist acts in Rhodesia that were committed by members of the rebel organizations.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Yarusheva L. —
Effect of the Slavic, Roman, and German laws on the establishment of the Russian legal sources
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 16.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.1.16313 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16313
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The subject of this research is the genesis of the Russian legal sources and their development under the influence of the Roman law and the German pandectic system. This article examines the sources of the Ancient Rus customary and written laws, their significance for the modern Russian legislation. The author conducts research on the effect of the reception of Roman written law upon the Russian legislation during the establishment of the Ancient Rus, as well as the Imperial Russia; the influence of the pandectic system upon the Russian codification is also being analyzed. Among the main conclusions are the following: firstly, the Russian legal sources have Slavic roots, and are based on the legal customs of the Eastern Slavic tribes; secondly, throughout its entire existence, the Russian written law had a “Roman content” due to the fact that in many Russian sources there could be found a number of adopted to the Russian conditions norms of the Roman law; and thirdly, since the early XX century, the Russian legal sources attained the “German shape” after the implementation of the pandectic system in the course of conducting codification of the Russian legislation.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nagornov V.P. —
Economic modernization of Russia of the middle of XIX – the beginning of XX century in the history of mining factories of Ryazan Province
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 9 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26169 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26169
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the impact of capitalist modernization of Russian of the second half of XIX – the beginning of XX century upon the development of metallurgical industry of Ryazan Region. The object of this research is the infrastructure of metallurgical branch of Ryazan Province, trade-industrial and financial institutions that participated in financing of manufacturing, factory personnel, dynasties of the factory owners. Major attention is given to the dynamics of performance indicators of the factories, development of the new centers of metallurgical industry in Sapozhkovsky, Kasimovsky and Ryazansky districts, and transformation of the output structure of the factories. The research is carried out on the basis of modernization approach and principle of historicism, with application of system analysis, problem-chronological, logical, and historical-comparative methods. The results can be valuable in development of the modernization programs for Russian industry. The article introduces into the scientific circulation the new facts that reflect the specificity of entering of the Ryazan mining factories into the system of the commodity and financial market. A conclusion is made that despite the fragmentary nature and instability of the modernization tendencies in development of the Ryazan metallurgy, its structures have played an important role in diversification of the economy and evolution of the social space of Ryazan Krai of the post-reform era.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bogatenko R.V. —
Anglo-Italian relations during the period from October 1938 to January 1939
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 47 - 62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.1.28702 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28702
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This article examines the paramount stage of Anglo-Italian relations during the post-Munich period. Particular attention is given to the problem of possible “separation” of fascist Italy from the axis powers due to concessions on the part of the European countries. The author analyzes the various approaches of the Prime Minister of Great Britain Neville Chamberlain and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1st Earl of Halifax regarding the scale of such concessions. Focus is also made on the “Roman” negotiations between Chamberlain and Mussolini that had to determine Italy’s attitude towards Great Britain. The scientific novelty lies in referring to the diverse layer of publishes sources of various countries (diplomatic documents, British parliamentary sessions, notes from the sessions of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom). The main conclusion of the conducted research is that as a result of defeating the aforementioned negotiations, Italy is being irrevocably involved into the foreign policy orbit of fascist Germany.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Gorban V.S. —
Formation of sociologically oriented legal teaching of Jhering (final chapter)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.22551 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22551
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The subject of this research is the problem of formation and theoretical-methodological arrangement of Jhering’s sociological approach to law. The establishment of sociologically oriented legal theory of Jhering is being traced based on determination and examination of the specific theoretical and methodological constructs with consideration of the gradual immersion and improvement of his legal understanding towards the integral sociological oriented legal worldview. The article reviews the problem of formation and application of the original methods of legal knowledge and legal understanding (structural-descriptive functional analysis of law alongside empirical-analytical research, description of social legal reality and factors of social development, the crucial of which is law) in composition of the Viennese and Göttingenian periods. The scientific novelty consists in analysis, revelation, and characterization of the certain theoretical constructs and implemented by the thinker methods that in assemblage define the legal theory of Jhering as one of the first sociological theories of law. The conclusion is made that Jhering’s sociologism was being formed as anti-legalistic ideology aimed at transition from the study of law as a normative system towards the explanation of law using the category of social reality and various mechanisms of realization of sociality by the virtue of law (law as a factor of social stability, social identification, and social integration).
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Smykalin A.S. —
Details on the thesis PhD Candidate of Historical Sciences - Kuz'minykh A.L.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 241 - 258.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14188 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14188
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Review is dedicated to prisoners of war in the Soviet Union in 1939 - 1956 years. The huge scale of hostilities led to the emergence of a large number of prisoners whose legal status has not been resolved. In the thesis the author considers mode, the contents of prisoners of war and other living conditions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tret'yakova E. —
The establishment of the Ministry of foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire in the XIX - early XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 672 - 690.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.14484 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14484
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The article explores the process of formation of the Ministry of foreign Affairs as one of the most important bodies of state power in the XIX - early XX century. Considered normative acts of the Russian state, determined the structure and powers of the Ministry of foreign Affairs on the stage of active international cooperation of the Russian state. The main stages in the formation of patterns and issues, analyses the relevant transformations that took place in the course of the reform. Attention is paid to individual personnel policy within the Ministry. The study of historical and legal analysis of the claimed processes based on primary sources (acts of domestic legislation adopted in the specified period of time). Conducted historical and legal analysis of the formation of the Ministry of foreign Affairs in the XIX - early XX centuries, the tendencies associated with the process of forming the structure of the public authority, carrying out the foreign policy activities in the specified period, based on the analysis of normative legal acts of the structural elements of the foreign Ministry, their legal status, functions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A., Pryadko I.P. —
Establishment of the Soviet political elite: from Lenin’s death to Stalin’s triumph
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 2.
– P. 115 - 134.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.2.17827 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17827
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The growing interest towards the defining moments in Russian history takes place under the conditions of establishment of Russia’s independent course. The object of fierce discussion, similar to the period of Perestroika, becomes the activity of J. V. Stalin, as well as the peculiarities of formation of the Soviet political system over the period of 1920’s – 1930’s. Some people see Stalin as a dictator, but other consider him a prominent government leader. At the same time, the interests to his persona causes the occurrence of various tendentious and falsified materials. The authors lean on a broad range of sources: documental materials, testimonies of political and military leaders, works of Russian and foreign experts, as well as use the comparative-historical and problematic-chronological methods. An average Russian believe that the great in Stalin’s era consists in increase of the political-military power of the country, success in industrial expansion, and most importantly – victory in the Great Patriotic War. All of these events overshadow the negative manifestations, such as mass repression, persecution of church alongside the academic and cultural figures, as well as devastation of peasantry during the process of collectivization. Depending on the sociopolitical situation in the country, the historical memory of our citizens will reproduce certain events of the period of 1920’s – 1950’s, which obscures the facts that contradict the established conjuncture. Stalin’s activity can be viewed as the creation of new political elite, which is capable of withstanding the internal and external challenges.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A., Pryadko I.P. —
Balkans at the crossroads of the worlds: Slavic "knot of history" (late XIX – early XX centuries)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 113 - 125.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.3.18171 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18171
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The subject of this article is the located at the crossroads of civilizations Balkan Peninsula, which throughout centuries is a sphere of geopolitical interests of various coalitions. Aggravation of the imperialist contradictions in the late XIX – early XX centuries led to the formation of "hot spot" in the southeast of Europe, which justly acquired the name of “powder keg”. The close ties between Russia and the nations of the peninsula have century-long traditions, but have been repeatedly subjected to various challenges, both domestic and external factors. The authors lean on the documents and studies of the Russian and foreign origin, which allow restoring the historical picture of the epoch. The main method of the research is the problematic-chronological. Despite the similarity in political and economic processes, the Balkan countries were unable to establish a strong alliance that could become an independent geopolitical player on the global arena. Moreover, the incompleteness of process of the formation of national states caused a series of military conflicts that continue to spark periodically even until present day.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Akishin M.O. —
Legal language of the Soviet government
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 221 - 242.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21362 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21362
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Similar to the other European countries, the establishment of republic, elimination of class rights and privileges, consolidation of the principle of equality before the law, in Russia took the revolutionary path. However, the Russian October Revolution was a reaction to not only the outlived feudal society, but also negative phenomena of the era of “wild capitalism” of the XIX century. The October Revolution led to the state regulation of the economy and its planning, which allowed realizing the position of the Marxist-Leninist teaching: elimination of exploitation of man by man, recognition of the socioeconomic and cultural human rights. Study of the positive experience, contributed by the Soviet authorities into the development of Russia and the entire world, remains relevant. The goal of this article is the examination of the legal language of Soviet authorities. The article substantiates that the core of the lexical-semantic system of legal language consisted of such political terms as “socialism”, “Communism”, “dictatorship of the proletariat”, “state of the whole people”, and others. The crucial achievement of the legislative technique of the Soviet government became the principle of the use of the Russian literary language in the national legislation. At the same time, there were no significant renewals in grammar and lexical composition of the legal language during this period. In other words, the legal language reflected not only the practice of Soviet construction, but also preserved the succession with the preceding stages of its history.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Slezin A.A. —
Historical sources of the early years of the Komsomol
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 108 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.271 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=271
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Using the experiences of the "History of the Youth Movement in Russia" school of thought, formed in the twenty-first century at the Tambov State Technical University, the author uncovers the possibilities of using a variety of sources to study the Komsomol and organizations alternative to it in the early post-revolutionary years. Sources include published documents, statistical reference publications, memoirs, print media, and documents from Russian archives. The primary focus is to highlight the role of archival sources which, as a rule, were previously unused by researchers. The article is written primarily for novice researchers of the history of the youth movement in Russia.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Suroven' D.A. —
To a question of chronology of the establishing of Yamato dynasty and reign sovereign Jimmu
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 136 - 220.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.14752 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14752
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In this article, data of Japanese sources on East campaign the sovereign Jimmu and the establishing of a Yamato dynasty and state in the Central Japan in comparison to results of archaeological researches of the ancient Japanese monuments of material culture of the late yayoi period and the early kofun period for the purpose of definition of chronology of the establishing of Yamato are analyzed. Also materials of the Korean chronicles for the purpose of detection of the indirect evidences allowing to date the time of foundation of Yamato state of are analyzed. Besides materials of Chinese dynastic histories about the establishing of the state in the Central Japan are provided.Results of archaeological researches allow to correct chronology of ancient Japan, and, on the basis of cyclic designations of a 60-year cycle from the ancient Japanese written sources, give the chance to offer the corrected datings of time of East campaign to Jimmu and his reigns as the first sovereign of Yamato.The main result of this research is the conclusion that, on the basis of results of archaeological researches and indirect evidences of the Korean sources, East campaign of Jimmu was carried out at the end of the III century AD (294-300), and foundation of Yamato dynasty and state occurred at the beginning of the IV century (in 301 AD). Sovereign Jimmu ruled during 16 years (301-316 AD).
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
The Council of People’s Commissars and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks order…”Joint normative legal acts of the Communist Party and the Soviet State within the system of sources of Soviet law
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 39 - 53.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.1.17674 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17674
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The established within USSR system of administration and regulation of public relations in the Soviet society represented a conglomerate of the Communist Party and the government. The Soviet state acting as a mechanism in realization of ideological and political decisions of the Russian Communist Party-the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks-the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and its legislative activity in its foundation was determined by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. At the same time, the Communist Party did not possess official constitutional authorities for decreeing the normative obligatory for the entire population acts, thus was initially using a particular form of legalization of its decisions – joint acts of the Party and the state. This article reveals the place and role of the joint orders of the Party’s Central Committee and the Soviet State of normative legal character as the means of broadcasting into society the politico-ideological decisions of the party, as well as the combined efforts of the party and state apparatus towards the determination and solution of the questions of managing the social, political, and economic processes.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I. —
The extremes in the everyday life of the population of Western Siberia during the time of epidemics of the late XIX – early XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 9.
– P. 40 - 54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.9.30475 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30475
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The object of this research is the population of Western Siberia considering its social diversity (city people, peasants, migrant peasants). The subject of this research is the everyday life of residents of the region in the extreme conditions of mass epidemics that took countless lives. The author characterizes the state of surrounding environment, level of medical development and sanitary-hygiene culture of the population, and determines their effect upon high mortality rate caused by different types of epidemics. Attention is focused on the behavioral practices, survival strategies of various social groups during the time of epidemics, which provoke changes in the everyday, routine life. The study is based on the complex approach with the elements interdisciplinary research allowing to trace the transformation of traditional values and mentality under the influence of extreme conditions of life. The conclusion is made on the impact of extreme conditions of the time of epidemics upon the transformation of everyday behavioral models and pursuit of survival strategies, reflected in the gradual alienation from the irrational ways of fighting infection, turning to official medicine, usage of decontamination means, cleaning of housings and curtilages, due attention to personal hygiene. During the time of epidemics, emotional and behavioral reactions were majorly affected by such factors as the affiliation to a certain social group, level of financial wealth, level of education, individual peculiarities of psyche and perception of illness and death of family members, attitudes on “unresolvable” problems of deviant and delinquent behavior.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Pirozhok S.S. —
Robert von Mohl: contribution into the better understanding and systematization of the knowledge on state, law, and society
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 49 - 60.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17534 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17534
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The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the prominent German scholar and politician of the XIX century – Robert von Mohl (1799-1875). The work examines the following aspects: the establishment and genesis of Robert von Mohl state-legal views; his concepts in the area of domestic administration of German Empire; his outlook upon the government’s activity on resolution of the social issues; as well as views upon the place and role of public associations in life of the state and society, character of their interaction and mutual impact. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this work is first to perform a special comprehensive research and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of Robert von Mohl. The author presents the biographical facts of the scholar, gives characteristics to his contribution into the development of foreign and Russian science of the police law, as well as underlines the achievement of the German professor in development of the German culture. The article analyzes the Robert von Mohl views regarding the problems of the domestic administration, mechanism of ensuring and realization of the mutual rights and responsibilities of the state and its citizens. Attention is given to the fact that Robert von Mohl was not only one of the first who referred to the issue of social (labor) question, but also formulates the propositions on its resolution.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Shayakhmetova T.E. —
Legal regulation of execution of punishment in form of deprivation of freedom in the Russian Empire in XIX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 83 - 90.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.18370 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18370
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Deprivation of freedom, as the preventative punishment and criminal sanction, has a lengthy history in the Russian legislation. Execution of punishment in form of the deprivation of freedom has not been determined as an independent branch, and manifested as the institution of police law. The subject of this research is the direction of legal regulation of police activity in the Russian empire of XIX century, associated with the implementation of provisions on the preliminary detention and realization of the correctional and criminal punishments. The main conclusion of the conducted research consists in the position that systematization of the police legislation that regulated restriction of freedom as the measure of suppression and deprivation of freedom as punishment, has been realized in the process of activity of the II department of His Imperial Majesty clerical office on systematization of the Russian legislation. It resulting in establishment of the first legislative act regarding the deprivation of freedom – “Digest of decrees about those detained in custody and exiled”, which became a part pf the XIV volume of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire, as well as completed the institutionalization of police law in this sphere.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Pirozhok S.S. —
Robert von Mohl about the social policy of constitutional state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 82 - 101.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.2.23730 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23730
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The subject of this research is the actualized part of the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent German scholar, encyclopedist, lawyer, and politician of the XIX century – Robert von Mohl (1799-1875). The author analyzed the establishment and genesis of the idea of social state in legal theory of R. von Mohl; system of views of the police scientist upon the administrative activity of the state aimed at solution of the social issues; the proposed by him program of social reforms and measures of social policy. For the first time in history of the political legal thought, an attempt is made conduct a problem-theoretical reconstruction, interpretation, and establishment of link between the modern theory and practice of the constitutional social state of Russian and Germany and the ideas that gained traction within the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent German scholar, government and public leader of the XIX century Robert von Mohl. The article characterizes his views upon the social essence of the constitutional state; analyzes his works, in which he describes the concept of the constitutional state and its social function, claims that the important feature of functionality of the constitutional state is the social policy, as well as that the constitutional state not only has a right, but must carry responsibility for its citizens and balance their chances to free development and implementation of ideas. A conclusion is made that R. von Mohl, being way ahead of the contemporary to him practice of state activity, has uttered the thoughts on the concept and measures of social policy that comprised the foundation of the future theory of social state.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tesaev Z.A. —
“Vilayet Chachan” based on the chronicle “History of Giray Khan” (XV century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 3.
– P. 53 - 67.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.3.35299 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35299
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The chronicle “History of Giray Khan” is a valuable source on the history of Caucasus of the XV century. The text of the chronicle mentions the vilayet – the administrative divisions of Girim, Charkas, Chachan, Dagestan, Ganja and Shamakhi; the region Chachan alongside other domains is conquered by Giray Khan – the representative of Giray Dynasty and leader of the Circassians. This substantiates the need for studying the text to determine the time of the conquest of Chachan, as well as other areas of the region, which would allow studying the history of the region more thoroughly. Comparative analysis is conducted on the events described in the chronicle and the overall historical picture of this period. The author draws parallel, and in some instances direct identification of the known events and dynasties with the episodes and characters from the chronicle. An attempt is made to dateline all key events associated with the activity of Giray Khan, including the conquest of the Chachan Vilayet. The dates acquired in the course of analysis give a more detailed perspective on the history of Central and Norteast Caucasus, including the Chechen Republic. The historical analysis proves the facts described in the chronicle and reveals the circumstances of the conquest of North Caucasus. There is no sufficient grounds to fully identify Giray Khan with Khan Nur Devlet. However, the image of Giray Khan encapsulated part of the biography of the Crimean khan, and perhaps depicts the story of the son, one of the brothers, or a close relative of Nur Devlet, who became the ruler in Caucasus, and possibly, founded one of the Kumukh Shamkhal dynasties. The Giray Khan’s conquest of the Chachan vilayet the author dates to 1452-1459, with a remark that the entire process has taken place in three or four waves during the last third of the XIV – mid XV century.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Yakimov K.A. —
Socioeconomic moods of the youth of Tambov Oblast during the period of 1937-1941
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 159 - 176.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.20970 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20970
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This article examines the socioeconomic moods of the youth shortly before the Great Patriotic War. The author analyzes the impact of the Soviet ideology and propaganda upon the process of transformation of the moods of Soviet youth with regards to economic and industrial activity. Special attention is given to examination of the role of Komsomol organizations in development of Stakhanovite movement and high-involvement work practices among the young generation. The author reviews the attitude of young men and women towards the work in collective farms, loan campaigns, socialist property, and changes in labor legislation. The relevance of this topic is justified by the fact that examination of the mechanisms of formation of youth consciousness alongside the impact of Komsomol propaganda, as an element of Soviet ideology upon the character of public moods of young generation, is purposeful for structuring of the youth policy at the present stage, as well as contributes into the fuller coverage of the controversial social processes among youth during the period of intensification of totalitarization of the society. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a comprehensive research of socioeconomic moods of the youth over the period of 1937-1941 for the first time in history.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Chirkov A.A. —
Council of Ministers P. A. Stolypin and the armed forces reform
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 12.
– P. 35 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.12.22022 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22022
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The subject of this research is the establishment and development of the policy of the Council of Ministers P. A. Stolypin in the area of state defense. The armed forces reform that took place in the Russian Empire after the severe defeat in the Far East played a substantial role during the World War I. The basic strategies that defined the army and navy development originated during the period of activities of P. A. Stolypin. The foreign and Russian historiography viewed the indicated problem in a peculiar way, mostly using the public utterings of P. A. Stolypin, while disregarding the published documentation. Thus, the position of P. A. Stolypin is extensively covered within the historiography that was offered for the Czar, news media, and society, although his true contribution into the army and navy reforms has not been studied until presently. The goal of this work consists in determination of Stolypin’s involvement in the reforms of the defense establishments, considering that his representations of the reforms and political influence varied under the influence of certain factors. The chronological method allowed examining the course of events of the indicated transformations. Guided by the principle of scientific objectivity, leaning on the works of the forerunners, the author rejected the dogmas of the “reputable” historians, and based his conclusions exceptionally on the sources, structuring the research in a way that the conclusion will be based on the facts will be adjusted to the previously made conclusion. The author underlines that the military reforms conducted in Russia in the early XX century were not a part of Stolypin’s reforms, and the heads of the military and navy establishments were exerting the non-reliance, deviating from the line set by the government. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this conclusion completely refutes the viewpoint in the Russian historiography.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nadekhina Y.P., Kostrikova K.E. —
The role of the Ministry of Finance of Tsarist Russia in the creation of professional periodicals in the interests of domestic entrepreneurs
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 3.
– P. 23 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.3.37683 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37683
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The Ministry of Finance of tsarist Russia, after its formation in 1802, played an important role in the life of the country, was one of the most influential in the government. The authors show that the needs of Russia's economic development have pushed the information aspect to one of the leading places in the activities of the government of tsarist Russia. Based on the study of historiographical materials of the Soviet and post–Soviet periods, as well as with the involvement of pre-revolutionary materials, the article examines the active role of the Ministry of Finance of tsarist Russia at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries, which contributed to the development of professional periodicals in the field of trade, industry and finance, which played a certain role in the formation of the domestic entrepreneurial class and reflected the development of capitalism in our country. The Ministry of Finance provided the domestic business community and the interested public with high-quality periodicals covering commercial and industrial activities in the country and abroad. One of such publications is the "Trade and Industrial Newspaper".
The article examines the prerequisites for the emergence and stages of formation of one of the popular publications of pre–revolutionary Russia - a Trade and industrial newspaper, which not only fulfilled its main mission by providing information of a commercial and financial nature, but also gradually turned into an authoritative socio-political publication. This publication is the most important source for the study of various aspects of the financial, economic and socio-political life of the Russian Empire during this period.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Ryabova O.V., Zykova T.V., Kochkurova E.A. —
Hotel enterprises in Nizhny Novgorod in 1918-1939.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 81 - 91.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.69582 EDN: DECMMG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69582
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Abstract:
The market reforms that began in the late Soviet period and continued after the collapse of the USSR radically changed the country's hotel industry. The changes have affected literally all aspects of the industry. Similar large-scale changes were already taking place in the hospitality industry at the beginning of the twentieth century, after the socialist revolution of 1917. Therefore, it is interesting to find out how the young Soviet state, in the most difficult conditions of the civil war and foreign intervention, was able to practically rebuild the country's hotel industry. Because of this, the experience of hotel construction in the first two decades of Soviet power can be useful. The subject of the research in this article was the development of hotel enterprises in Nizhny Novgorod, such as communal hotels, "Peasant Houses", night shelters during this period. The paper provides an analysis of the main directions of development of the Nizhny Novgorod hotel industry from 1918 to 1939. The article is based on materials from regional archives (TSANO and GOP NO), periodicals, and scientific literature. The article uses historical-systemic and historical-comparative methods, as well as general scientific methods such as description and comparison. The conducted research showed that the hotel industry of the city was in a difficult situation by 1918. The change in the social system in the state, the decline in the standard of living of the population, and the refugees provoked a crisis in the hotel industry of Nizhny Novgorod. The mass closure of enterprises was avoided only by nationalization and municipalization of enterprises. The opening of the Peasant's House in 1925 was able to alleviate the acute shortage of hotel stock for a short period. But in the 1930s, due to the growth of foreign tourism, the problem of a shortage of high-class hotels worsened. The construction of the Volna, Rossiya and Intourist hotels partially solved this problem. But for ordinary Soviet citizens, hotels are still inaccessible. At the same time, the level of service was at an extremely low level.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sosenkov F.S. —
About the constitutional legal mechanism of counteraction to separatism in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 193 - 211.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.15031 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15031
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Abstract:
The subjects of research are constitutional and legal mechanisms for counteraction to separatism in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. To some extent, also addressed political and legal views of a separate Serbian and Croatian political leaders about the unity of Yugoslavia, as well as the ideas expressed by the Communist party of Yugoslavia, subsequently given legal expression. The aim of the work is to analyze legal (especially constitutional) mechanisms to counter the centrifugal political forces as provided for in the Yugoslav legislation. Special attention is paid to the measures enshrined in the Constitution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia of 1974. During the work used a chronological and historical approaches, the method of system analysis and partly modeling. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the formulation of the problem and the involvement of the materials previously underutilized for the needs of history of state and law of foreign countries within the affected perspective. The work performed allows us to conclude that the Yugoslav Federal authorities , despite the constant desire to improve the national-state system, was not developed effective measures to combat separatism and the preservation of the common state. However, the author comes to the conclusion that the experience of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (primarily bad) for the prevention of centrifugal forces and open to counter separatism is very useful for modern Federal States, built to national or mixed (national and territorial) principle.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sopov A.V. —
Reflections about the past and the future Cossacks
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 401 - 415.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.16567 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16567
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Abstract:
What is «Cossacks» in the past, what was it? At what stage of development it is now? What future awaits him? Whether we will permit «the Cossack question» from the theoretical point of view today? Exhausted if the development potential of the Cossacks? How do the dreams of the Cossacks of service to the motherland of Russia's modernization and development of civil rights-based society? In the given work these questions are mentioned, and also practical measures under the permission of «the Cossack question» in its present kind are offered.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mamontov V. —
The impact of the foreign policy factors upon the development of customs legislation in Moscow State of the XVI-XVII centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 46 - 50.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.19069 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19069
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the legal regulation of the customs of Moscow centralized state of the XVI-XVII centuries. The object is the combination of the socioeconomic and foreign policy relations established in the Moscow centralized state in the XVI-XVII centuries, which affected the development of the Russian customs law during the examined period. The goal of this work is to analyze the influence of the foreign policy factors on the customs policy of Moscow State, as well as its reflection in the normative legal acts of the aforementioned period. Special attention is given to the study of the Russian experience of syncretizing the elements of foreign policy and the customs legal regulation based on the example of formation of the customs legislation in the Moscow State of the XVI-XVII centuries. The examination of the experience of establishment of the Moscow State customs legislation allows claiming that the development of the customs law is performed taking into account the influence of the foreign policy factors that are in turn substantiated by the possibility of implementation of the instruments of customs policy for the purpose of solution of the foreign policy tasks, as well as by the necessity of consideration of the foreign policy conjuncture during the introduction of certain legal norms regulating the relations in the customs sphere.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kosov I.M. —
Rhetorical functions of bestiary in Giraldus Cambrensis’ "Topography of Ireland" (according to manuscript of the year 1200)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 97 - 109.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.5.20836 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20836
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the body of miniatures of the NLI MS Giraldus 700manuscript. The object is the rhetorical tools and ways of amplification of the visual text of images of the authorial manuscript in the third version of “Topography…” into the semantic layer of stylistic of the presented treatise of the late XII century. Special attention is given to the classification and typology of miniatures in the Russian and foreign historiography. The researcher specifies the typology of the studied manuscript and its place within the tradition of the English bestiary of the High Middle Ages. The scientific novelty of this work consists in exclusion from the selection of lists of the non-contemporary to the author source – “Topography of Ireland”. In other words, based on such depicted rhetorical tools, the stylistic and rhetorical method of the medieval scribe – the logic in-phase is vividly restored. An important practical result of the conduced analysis of the miniatures will be consciousness within the framework of comparativist approach of the archetype nature of synchrony of the visual and written text as such over the period of III – XII centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sogdanova Z.G. —
Periodicals about the harm inflicted by German Fascist occupants
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 8.
– P. 149 - 156.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.8.22085 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22085
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Abstract:
During the first days after the liberation from German Fascist occupation, the regional mass media published records on the sustained human losses and inflicted material damage. The provided data regarding all social spheres that suffered from the occupants carry an emotional tone justified by the human pain. The subject of this article is the periodicals of the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and Stavropol Krai as the source of assessing the harm inflicted by the German Fascist occupants over the period of the Great Patriotic War. The key sources for writing this article became the periodicals from the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia and the State Archive of Stavropol Krai. Methodological basis is comprised by the dialectical and materialistic analysis of the historical events and facts published on the pages of periodicals during the post-occupational time. Thus, the periodicals, as the sources reflecting the events at the moment of their accomplishment, allow making a conclusion that policy of fascist conquerors carried mass character, and regardless of the regions and inhabiting peoples was standard, similarly rough, inhumane, barbarian, and ruthless.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yankovskaya M.S. —
Paris and Exposition Universelle of 1889 in perception of the Russian journalists
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 110 - 116.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24122 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24122
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The subject of this research is the impressions of Paris experienced by the Russian journalists during their visit of the Exposition Universelle in 1889. Attention is focused in the cross-cultural dialogue between France and Russia right before concluding the military-political alliance. The history of the world expositions can be viewed as a mirror of international politics that also reflects the peculiarities of mentality and domestic policy of the member-states. In the course of the research, the author applied the methods of internal and external criticism, as well as extensively used the interdisciplinary approach, elements of statistical analysis, culturological and art methods. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the world expositions are the manifestation of mass visual culture. These are the most accessible forms for cognizing the culture of other countries intelligible for the extensive audience, which gradually substitute the exclusive culture. In addition, the novelty is associated with the methodology of imagological studies, namely consideration of the mutual representations and stereotypes of perception.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zhirova N.S. —
Relationship between the group “Kirti” and Communist Party of India (1925-1942)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 30 - 36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24712 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24712
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The subject of this research is the examination of peculiarities of the relationship between the Communist Party of India and the group “Kirti” – center of the revolutionary nationalistic party “Ghadar” that was closely related to the Communist International. The author sets a task to explore the interaction process of the aforementioned organization over the period of 1925-1942, determine the contradictions between them, reveal the specificities of the Communist International pertinent to the two parties, as well as analyze the attempts of conflict resolution between the Communist Party and the group “Kirti” that ultimately led to unification of the indicated organizations in 1942. The scientific novelty of this work consists in coverage of the previously unknown pages in the history of the Communist Party of India, and insufficiently studied in the national historiography group “Kirti” along with the official section of the Communist International that was the conductor of interests of the latter in India. This became possible due to the attraction of materials of the Russian State Archive of Sociopolitical History, as well as published documents by the Intelligence Bureau and works of the Indian historians.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dmitriev A. —
Rules on the tolerance of Masonry in the Russian Empire of 1811: historiographical analysis
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 7.
– P. 26 - 56.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.7.25601 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25601
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The relationship between the government and Masonic lodges have always aroused genuine multifaceted interest. The goal of this research is to provide a historiographical analysis to the enclosure “Lit. A” to the note of special clergy of the Police Ministry. The author establishes the authenticity of the source and precision of the data contained within, as well as the year, title, legal value, purpose, completeness and meaning of the source. The foundation for this study served the works on the source started by V. I Semevsky, G. V. Vernadsky and A. I. Serkov. The author compares the rules of 1811 and the Decree of Prussian King of 1798; demonstrates the meaning of the rules for the legislative regulation of the activity of Mason lodges; and provides the historiographical analysis of the rules of 1811. The introduction of rules served as an example of the Russian version of modernization of the legislative regulation of Masonry.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Drozdov A.I. —
Population of Khakassia in the conditions of establishment of Sayan territorial-production complex: historical-demographic aspect
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 65 - 72.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.9.27219 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27219
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The subject of this research is the demographic changes in the territory of Khakassia in 1970 – first half of 1980’s. The goal of this work is to analyze the processes of natural and mechanic migration of population in the conditions of its industrial development. Khakassia was assigned to the role of the center of establishment of the Sayan territorial-production complex; it included the three industrial hubs: Abakan, Chernogorsk, and Sayanogorsk. The indicated period marks the time of consolidation of population structure in the region characteristic to the industrial society. The analysis of factual material is conducted on the basis of modernization theory. The work also applies the historical methods (comparative-historical, problematic-chronological, retrospective), as well as quantitative methods (descriptive statistics, dynamic analysis). The scientific novelty lies in generalization and systematization of the materials related to the considered problematic from the perspective of modernization theory. Examination of demographic processes is carried out on the basis of a set of historical sources (both, published and archival). In terms of the establishment of Sayan territorial-production complex, the demographic changes, common to the late-industrial modernization, took place in Khakassia: growth of the absolute size and portion of townspeople in the population structure, and thus, the reduction in size and relative density of rural population.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zalesskaia O., Zhou T. —
Ethnic entrepreneurs in PRC in the border areas of the Russian Far East during the 1990’s: peculiarities of economic activities
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 8.
– P. 1 - 19.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.8.30299 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30299
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The subject of this research is the economic activities of Chinese entrepreneurs in the border areas of the Russian Far East during the 1990’s. Over the recent decade of the XX century, the Chinese migrants have developed a dynamic business activity in the bordering Far Eastern territories, which led to continuous cross-cultural interaction between the two essentially different cultures. The system of international economic contacts established in the region at this time, can be described through the category of “ethnic entrepreneurship”. Particular attention is given to the traces of ethnic entrepreneurship manifested in the border areas of the Russian Far East during the 1990’s. The authors examine the specificity of the ethnic (Chinese) entrepreneurship in the contact zone of China-Russia cross-civilizational interaction, as well as socioeconomic situation in the Russian Far East at the end of the XX century. The article provides characteristics to the terms of “ethic entrepreneurship” and “ethnic entrepreneurs”, introducing these categories into the discourse of historical science in corresponding subject area for the first time. Territorial framework include the regions of the Russian Far East bordering with China, where ethnic entrepreneurship has expanded in the 1990’s. Overall, this can be described as a complex sociocultural and economic phenomenon that laid the foundation for the formation of transboundary space in the Far East in the XXI century. The acquired historical experience of communication between the Russian population and Chinese migrants has a direct impact on the current development of China-Russia relations, as well as requires further examination and generalization.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korovchinskiy I. —
On the question of the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου in the economic inscriptions of Ai-Khanum
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 8.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.8.32347 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32347
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The subject of research in this article are inscriptions 117 and 119 from Ai-Khanum (Greco-Bactria, ΙΙ century BC) according to the numbering of Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum (part 2, volume 1). It is very likely that they are 2 copies of the same text, preserved in different ways. The purpose of the work is to determine the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου, the inscriptions found in the data, as well as the meaning of the data inscriptions in general, the understanding of which depends on the interpretation of these words. The significance of this kind of work is explained by the fact that the surviving written sources on the economy of Greco-Bactria are extremely brief and fragmentary, and every word in them is significant and weighty for the researcher. The method of work is constant comparative. The study of the considered inscriptions from Ai-Khanum on the basis of comparison with the papyri from the Zeno archive is being carried out for the first time. The papyri considered in the article, in our opinion, contain a number of textual parallels with the Greek-Bactrian inscriptions under consideration. Conclusions of the article: judging by the analogies from the named Egyptian texts, the words τοῦ ἡμιολίου ( literally "one and a half" in the genitive case) are a direct complement to the words ἀπὸ κεραμίων δύο ("from two ceramias") and indicate the overflow into one large vessel of olive oil in the volume of one whole ceramium (small vessel) and half of the second ceramium. At the end of the article, a new translation of the consolidated text of inscriptions 117 and 119 is given. The scope of the results is the source studies of the ancient world, the economic history of Greco–Bactria, the Hellenistic world and the ancient world.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gorban V.S. —
On the development of methodology of source criticism in the area of philosophy of law
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 78 - 92.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.3.32442 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32442
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This article explores the problem of development of methodological framework of source criticism in the area of history of political and legal doctrines (history of philosophy of law). Deficit of the related developments in both, national and foreign legal literature, has a highly negative effect on the quality of selection of the source research material and formulation of valid scientific conclusions that allow conducting historical-philosophical and problematic-theoretical reconstructions of legal and political ideas of the past and modernity in a proper way. The scientific novelty of this work consists in substantiation of scientific importance and possibilities of practical application of such relevant vector of legal methodology as the methodology of source criticism in the area of philosophy of law (history of political and legal doctrines), which is interpreted not only as a set of instrumental cognitive acts, but also as a combination of principles and techniques of ensuring veracity of the content, concept and purpose of legal and political ideas of the past and modernity.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Timshina E.L. —
Looking back at the past: image of the Soviet Union in the politics of memory the parties (by the example of materials of elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation of the VI and VII convocations)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 3.
– P. 37 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.3.32753 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32753
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Almost three decades have passed since the dissolution of the Soviet Union; however, there is still no unity towards its history – various political actors interpret it differently. Analysis is conducted on the politics of memory of the parties that participated in the last two election campaigns in reference to the Soviet period. The goal of article is to determine the parties with own politics of memory; assess the attitude of the political parties on the Soviet history as a whole and isolated key events; as well as describe experience of using the politics of memory in electoral cycle. The opposition parties – the CPRF, LDPR, Yabloko, PARNAS, and the Communists of Russia – most actively referred to the politics of memory. The center of political attention became the history of the Soviet period, to which different approaches were applied. The liberal parties criticized the USSR and advocated decommunization, while the left-wing parties notices only positive aspects in the Soviet history. The LDPR offered to separate the attitude towards the Soviet regime, and the attitude towards the state. Although the political parties have not fully fulfilled their potential as the actors of the politics of memory, the development of the own strategies of interpretation of history is traced clearly. The politics of memory may evolve into a separate vector of major party politics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pletnikov V.S. —
Formation of the model of state of the whole people in Soviet constitutionalism
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 7.
– P. 25 - 38.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.7.33555 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33555
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Abstract:
The analysis of sources of ideological and normative character demonstrates the process of formation of perception on the state of the whole people within the Soviet legal science and practice. The boundaries of this research are defined through correlation of the concepts: image – model – theory. This allows focusing attention on the significant, system-forming sources of legal knowledge that emerged in the period of 1947-1964, rather than paying attention to separate mentions regarding the need for building the state of the whole people. The theory of the state of the whole people started to develop after L. I. Brezhnev came to power. The author determines the stages in formation of the model of state of the whole people, which were passed by the Soviet State in its development. The three stages in formation of the model of state of the whole people with their legal peculiarities and forms of manifestation were highlighted:
- The first stage is associated with the development and preparation of the draft program of the All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks in 1947;
- The second stage is characterized by adoption of the program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961;
- The third stage is associated with the process of drafting the Soviet Constitution of 1964.
Formation of the model of state of the whole people enables formation of the theory of state of the whole people, implemented with adoption of the 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Prigodich N.D., Bogomazov N.I. —
Foreign Purchases for the Needs of Russian Transport during the First World War: Problem Statement and Historiographical Aspects
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 4.
– P. 10 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.4.40377 EDN: OCMKTU URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40377
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Abstract:
The article discusses general theoretical considerations about the factor of foreign purchases in solving the transport crisis in Russia during the First World War. At the same time, the main emphasis is placed on a historiographical review of the problem, which allows us to formulate a vector for further research. Since the end of 1914, it has become obvious to the political and military leadership of the country that the requirements of wartime in some industries significantly exceed the capabilities of domestic manufacturers. First of all, this applies to railways, front and rear, which constantly needed a huge number of new rails and fasteners to them, switches, bandages, wagons of various types, locomotives and other materials. The inability to produce the necessary materials in the right quantity at Russian enterprises naturally led to the need to purchase them abroad, primarily in the United States and allied countries - Great Britain and France. Since 1915, foreign procurement has been on a wide scale. Military and civilian authorities, trying to improve the operation of transport, which is critical in wartime conditions, are gradually expanding the range of goods ordered abroad for transport purposes, including cars, materials for aviation and the navy.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Efimenko N.A. —
The ethnic aspect of the Yuan Empire’s liquidation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 5.
– P. 11 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2024.5.40644 EDN: TJZTZP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40644
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Abstract:
This paper examines the importance of Chinese ethnicity through the example of the historically first dynasty named the Yuan Dynasty, where the rulers were nomadic conquerors and not of Han descent. The aim of the paper is to explore the ethnic aspect of the process of liquidating the Yuan Empire and the importance of the unity of the Chinese people. The methodology of the paper includes the use of different resources, including chronicles, historical research and sources showing the realities not only from the Chinese side, but also from the Mongol side. This approach makes it possible to consider the issue from both sides and obtain more objective conclusions. The results show that the importance of the unity of the Chinese people became evident as early as the Han era, when the concept of "Han man" became politically significant. For the first time, cultural attributes were no longer the only factor uniting people, and nationality became crucial to the unity of the state. The scope of the work includes the study of Chinese history, ethnic relations and nationality issues. The novelty of the work lies in the use of different sources and consideration of the issue from different angles, which allows for a more complete picture of historical process. The conclusions of the paper emphasise the importance of nationality as a sign for state unity and show that national problems can become a factor that can weaken and destroy even the most powerful states.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kenya I.A. —
Female Charity as a Special Element of Russian Charity in the XIXth - Early XXth Centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 5.
– P. 53 - 77.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.5.12462 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=12462
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Object of research are motives, features, the main directions of female charity in Russia in XIX - N of the XX centuries. Activity of women's charitable societies is studied on the example of charitable societies of the empress Maria Fiodorovna and activity of society "Ladies' contempt poor" S. S. Shcherbatova. Examples of charity of wives of governors, merchants, businessmen are given. Charity of the countess A.D.Bludova and S.V.Panina is considered. In article it is featured charitable, educational and philanthropic activity of the princess M.K.Tenisheva. Research methods are used: comparative-historical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Motives of female and man's charity are defined by methods of psychology. Scientific novelty of research consists in identification of valuable installations and synthesis of motives of female charity in Russia in XIX - N of the XX centuries. The difference of motives and manifestations of female and man's charity is revealed. One of conclusions is representation of female charity as self-realization of an inner world of the woman. This conclusion is confirmed with concrete examples of activity of famous philanthropists of S.V.Panina, M. K. Tenisheva, etc.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gonta S.N. —
Armed Forces and Police of Independent Rhodesia (1965-1979). Part 1: Police
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 167 - 179.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.68820 EDN: DAYQPK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68820
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Abstract:
This research is devoted to the study of the functioning of the Rhodesian Security Forces (the general name for the police and army forces of Rhodesia) during the years of its de facto independence from 1965 to 1979. The relevance of the study is due to the absence in domestic historiography of any fundamental research that would be devoted to this issue. The subject of the study is the Rhodesian Security Forces. In this (first) part of the work are considered the activities of the Rhodesian police after its declaration of independence. The author has studied the history of the development of the Rhodesian police from its founding until the official cessation of activity in 1980. Also, the author presents data on the number, racial composition, technical equipment, structure of units and other information about the police forces of Rhodesia. After the declaration of independence, the Rhodesian police faced difficulties, but even in such conditions they managed to maintain combat effectiveness and continue to improve. Based on this article, conclusions can be drawn about the important role played by the Rhodesian police in maintaining law and order in a country that was actually involved in the counter-terrorism struggle throughout its existence. Also, we can conclude that the Rhodesian police were only partly a “racist” structure, since most of the police were of African origin, although there were certain restrictions for them.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Popova S.M., Yanik A.A. —
E-archive of the “Interfax” news as the source on the history of USSR and Russia of late XX – early XXI centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 149 - 175.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20013 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20013
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Abstract:
The article is dedicated to the analysis of the archival database of news agency "Interfax" as the source of the reliable facts which describe the key events of the political and economic history of the USSR and Russia of the late XX – early XXI centuries. The authors give and external and internal criticism of the source, as well as examine the circumstances of its emergence and existence, authorship, peculiarities of the structure and content, quality of the presented information, as well as the prospects of its implementation in researches of the history of modern Russia. Special attention is given to the information standards of “Interfax”, which influenced the formation of the source and its distinctive characteristics. This work is first to demonstrate and examine the digital archive of the “Interfax” news as the historical source. It is noted that just over the period of 1989-1999, the database contains more than 1.6 million messages on the key events of the sociopolitical and economic history of USSR and Russia. Thanks to the information standards of the agency, all news messages are notable for its trustworthiness, practical accuracy, and preserve the live reaction of the contemporaries upon the changes that take place in the country. The authors make a conclusion on the value of the “Interfax” archive as the source of the adequate and precise information on the history of USSR and modern Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Babich I.L. —
Ecclesiastical dynasties and spiritual crisis in the prerevolutionary Russian (on the example of the Kazantsev hereditary Orthodox priests)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 122 - 132.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23639 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23639
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the ecclesiastical Orthodox dynasties of the XIX century in Russia. The object of this article is the evolution of spiritual life of the hereditary priests Kazantsevs, who served in the Church of the Life-Giving Spring Icon of the Mother of God in Tsaritsyno (presently Moscow) that was a part of the unfinished by Bazhenov and Kazakov Catherine Palace. Ecclesiastical ministry of the Kazantsevs was suppressed in the end of 1903, when the next successor refused to accept the ministry. The goal of this work consists in demonstrating the causes for spiritual crisis in the prerevolutionary Russian, as well as its impact upon the events of 1917. The research is prepared based on the archive materials from the Central State Historical Archives of Moscow and Moscow Region, archive of the Kazantsevs family, and verbal discussions with the descendants of the family. Leaning on the collected materials, the article portrays the history of ecclesiastical Orthodox dynasty of the XIX using the method of historical reconstruction. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that based on the example of church ministry of several generations of the Kazantsev family, the author was able to trace the trend established in Russian in the late XIX – early XX century, namely the beginning of spiritual crises and infiltration of the revolutionary ideas into the families of priests. As a result, people with theological education refused from the ministry, preferring the various secular professions but remaining Orthodox in their soul. It is worth noting that the spiritual life of several generation of the ancestors could not “confront” the strength and pressure of the new ideology of the late XIX century. The author believes that the description of history of a single Orthodox dynasty helps understanding the inevitability of the following events in 1917.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korobitcyna L.V. —
Alan John Percivale Taylor – public figure and popularizer of history
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 84 - 90.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.3.24612 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24612
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Abstract:
During the years of the World War II, British government paid particular attention to formation of public opinion inside and outside the country, organizing the research institutes and statutory authorities on creation of the black and white propaganda, as well as attracting prominent historian scholars to cooperation. One of the remarkable representatives of the experts-intellectuals was Alan John Percivale Taylor, the author of several works written on request of the Directorate on the military policy affairs. The subject of this research is the activity of the famous British scholar and popularized of history A. J. P. Taylor, whose participation in the sequence of radio lectures of 1940’s laid the foundation for the development of popular science television. Methodological basis contains the principles of microhistorical approach that allows determining a number of trends characteristic to the entire British intellectual continuum of the late XX century. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the indicated problem was not fully covered in the national historical science, thus this article will attempt to fill the gaps regarding the engagement of the British intellectuals into media space during the war and post-war years. A conclusion is made that participation of the representatives of academic environment in propagandistic activities through using such high-tech for the 1940’s mass media as radio and television, contributed to origination of the popular science and educational programs.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Suroven' D.A. —
Reconstruction of chronologies of the first half of the V century (reign of the emperors Nintoku and Ingyō) Part I: Chronology of the second quarter of the V century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 3.
– P. 22 - 46.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.3.27080 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27080
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the establishment of precise chronology of the second quarter of the V century in the history of Ancient Japan, as back in the XIX century it was founded out that the reign time of the first Yamato emperors was excessively extended. The researchers were able to determine the proper chronology of the second half of the IV – beginning of the V century; but the precise chronology of the first half of the V century until the middle of the V century, when Japan borrowed the Chinese calendar Yuan Xi Lie, which gave the more precise chronology. The comparison of records of the Chinese dynasty stories about five wangs of Japan in the V century with the records about the Yamato emperors of the same period in Japanese sources, allowed ascertaining time of the reign of the aforementioned monarchs. The author determines the reason of distortion of the Yamato chronology of the second quarter of the V century in “Nihon Shoki”, founded on the cyclic indication of the Korean sources “Baekje Shinchan” that applied the inaccurate cycle, which is 26 years behind times. In restoring the authentic cyclic indicators, considering its shift back to 26 years, the author attempts to reconstruct the chronology of the second quarter of the V century within the accuracy of the year of reign, lunar month and day of event.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Cherkasova O.V. —
Establishment of the principle of good faith in national civil law: historical, doctrinal and law enforcement aspects
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 2.
– P. 15 - 27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.2.32101 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32101
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Abstract:
The object of this research is establishment of the principle of good faith at different historical periods in the context of formation of various approaches in the doctrine and practice of civil law. Due to the absence of unanimity of opinions regarding the formation of moral-ethical categories within the national civil law, this scientific field is considered problematic and interesting for examination. The subject of this research is the historical, ideological and practical prerequisites that influenced the formation of concept of the principle of good faith in the national civil law. The scientific novelty consists in the proposed by the author principle of good faith in the historical, doctrinal and practical aspects, which leads to suggestion of future course of development of the principle of good faith in the national civil law by means of improving the current civil legislation. The conclusion is drawn that at the present stage the principle of good faith, despite the universality and crosscutting nature, initially forethought by the concept of development of civil legislation, should be concretized in the various civil legal relations, taking into account their peculiarities and specifics. Such type of circumstantiation of the general provisions of law would increase the possibility for introduction of corresponding amendments into the principle of good faith on the level of social norms.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ovchinnikov V.M. —
Smolensk in the autumn-winter campaign of 1812 according to the memoirs of contemporaries.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 3.
– P. 1 - 15.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.3.34310 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34310
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Abstract:
The article discusses the main features of the conduct of hostilities in the autumn of 1812 in Russia, and the role of Smolensk in Napoleon's strategic plans for the subsequent period. On the basis of the epistolary heritage, primarily of French contemporaries (both soldiers and officers), the specific aspects of the retreat of the Great Army along the Old Smolensk Road are considered, another facet of the Moscow campaign of the Emperor of all the French is demonstrated. The author also draws attention to the activities of the occupation authorities in Smolensk itself, based on creating conditions for turning the city into a powerful operational base for the entire army. Â
The main conclusions of the study are the following theses:
1. Numerous memoirs of contemporaries pay rather close attention to the problem of the retreat of the Great Army to the Smolensk region, giving quite detailed descriptions of both the life itself and the possible prospects for the further course of the campaign.
2. A number of indirect evidences demonstrate attempts to turn the city into an operational base that allows preparing troops for the next campaign in the East, which is indirectly confirmed by descriptions of attempts to create local self-government bodies in the city.
3. Smolensk in numerous French memoirs devoted to the campaign of 1812 was presented as a symbol of the drama that broke out in Russia.
4. In the Russian epistolary heritage of the epoch, the corresponding descriptions contain a sense of transformation of mass consciousness, in the conditions of a new practice for humanity called "total war".
5. In general, summing up the general results of the consideration of Smolensk in the autumn-winter campaign of 1812, it can be argued that its role as a moral barrier in Napoleon's desire to continue hostilities and the importance of the city as a strategic point has been insufficiently studied until now and requires a very deep analysis
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Filippova V.V. —
Displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia: history and modernity
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 1 - 15.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.36995 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36995
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The subject of this research is displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. The object is the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North residing in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai, Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. These constituent entities of the Russian Federation have contiguous territories with the Sakha Republic. The author examines the displacement and size of the indigenous population of the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. Special attention is given to clarification of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the aforementioned regions of the Russian Federation. It is established that the following ethnic groups reside in the territory contiguous to Yakutia: Dolgans, Evenks, Evens, Yukaghirs and Chukchi. The areas of residence of the listed ethnic groups border with the areas of settlement of the corresponding indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North in the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The author’s special contribution lies in the analysis of displacement and size of the indigenous population in the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia on the local level. The novelty of consists in the territorial analysis of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korolev A.A., Koroleva L.A., Mol'kin A.N. —
Pentecostal Movement in the USSR. 1950 - 1980
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 6.
– P. 125 - 131.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.6.9378 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9378
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Abstract:
In article the provision of a pyatidesyatnichestvo in the USSR in the 1950-1980th is analyzed. In 1944-1945 Pentecostals were combined with baptists, but the part the pyatidesyatnicheskikh of communities refused to obey to this "project".The geography of distribution of Pentecostals in the USSR covered Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, Georgia.Some Pentecostals followed the doctrine "nonresistance to the evil" and refused to take in hand the weapon, for what were exposed to persecutions in the USSR.From the second half of the 1960th fight for emigration becomes the main content of oppositional activity of Pentecostals. Till 1974 the Soviet management at all didn't consider the application of Pentecostals on emigration as there were no calls and visas. Pentecostals used in the fight as the main means, - appeals to the international organizations, to specific officials; besides - hunger strikes, press conferences, unauthorized penetrations into foreign embassies, attempts of illegal emigration, etc. However it should be noted that unlike baptists, activity of Pentecostals didn't meet a wide resonance in the West. The Moscow human rights activists tried to give real help to Pentecostals.In 1979 in the USSR "Council of churches of Pentecostals" was created. In 1980 the human rights group of evangelical Christians Pentecostals of RSFSR was formed.Since the end of the 1980th in the state and confessional relations there is a change. Now on the territory of Russia operate the Russian church of Christians of Evangelican Faith; United Church of Christians of Evagelical Faith and Russian Union of Christians of Evagelical Faith.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bredikhin V.E. —
Processing industry in Tambov Oblast during the period of 1941-1945
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 393 - 419.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.15632 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15632
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Abstract:
Based on the example of functioning of Tambov Oblast processing branches of industry, the author gives evaluation to the efficiency of the planned-centralized economy in the conditions of the wartime. The object of this research is the combination of branches of light and food industries that belong to the industry group B, the strategic importance of which during the wartime consisted in the food and clothes supply of the army and fabric-factory population of the base. A special attention is given to the questions of local subordination as the only source of supply of the local population throughout the war. The authors examines the industrial base potential, difficulties of economic restructuring of the real sector and the ways to overcome them, as well as the results of carrying out the government projected tasks. This article is first to analyze on the example of the materials of Tambov Oblast the effect of the government industrial policy during the period of “socialistic reconstruction of economy” upon the work of the Soviet processing industry under the conditions of the Great Patriotic War. The author makes a conclusion on the complete retargeting of the processing branches towards the supply of the battle needs; their objective incapability to carry out government projected tasks and meet the needs of the local population with the living essentials due to human resources, material-technical, as well as mineral and fuel issues; negative influence upon the industrial indexes in the light and food sectors of the prewar industrial policy of the government aimed at stimulating the heavy industry branches.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shayakhmetova T.E. —
Medical police in the Russian Empire of the XIX – beginning of XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 63 - 78.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.15908 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15908
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Abstract:
The material welfare of the people depends on the implementation of government measures aimed at protecting the health of the population. The preservation of life and health it is necessary for the purpose of man, and to the safety and welfare of the state. These measures are the subject of the medical activities of the police. Under medical police should understand the system provided for by the legislation of the measures undertaken by the government and aimed at ensuring healthy living conditions, prevention of illnesses by removing the causes that contribute to their occurrence, and termination of diseases encountered.Methodological basis of research is the dialectical-materialist method of cognition of socio-legal phenomena, and the legal history, systemic-structural, comparative legal, logical-theoretical and specific scientific methods of study regulatory documents in conjunction with a systematic approach and analysis. The main conclusion of the conducted research was the provision that the police took an active part in activities aimed at protecting the health of the population of the Russian Empire in the XIX – early XX centuries, which was one of the ways to ensure the safety and welfare of the state. Measures of medical police were concentrated in the Arch of institutions and statutes on medical civil part, which was included in T. XIII of the code of laws of the Russian Empire of 1832, published in the edition of 1857 as Charter medical has become the fundamental legal act regulating medical-sanitary activities in Russia until 1917.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sosnin A.V. —
Civil procedural law according to the Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire in 1832-1857
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 227 - 255.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17355 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17355
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Abstract:
This article examines the question of genesis of the legislative structure of the Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire of 1832. The author analyzes the theoretical ides, basic principles and rules of drafting of the Digest of civil procedural laws. A special attention is given to the construction projects of the system of civil procedural legislation. During the course of examining the legislation structure of the Digest of laws, the author determines the correlation between the elements and the peculiarities of public relations. The author reviews civil procedural law, evolution of the Russian civil procedural law, modern historical legal science, as well as history of the Russian procedural law. It is noted that in the courts of this time period were known for bribery ; it was considered as bureaucracy – corrupted, ignorant, unaccountable, but at the same time was silent before the highest authorities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khotko S.K. —
Inclusion of the Northwest Caucasus under the range of influence of the Ottoman Empire, 1475-1520
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 29 - 41.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.19308 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19308
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The subject of this research is the establishment of the Ottoman control over the western areas of the Northwest Caucasus throughout the period of the late XV – early XVI centuries. After the Ottoman occupation of the Genoese Caffa (1475) and first invasion into Circassia (1479), the ethnopolitical history of the Northwest Caucasus has marked the beginning of a long era, the content of the events of which to a certain extent were determined by the character of relationships with the Ottoman Empire. In order to conquer the country of Circassians, the Ottoman government used a powerful military resource of the vassal Crimean Khanate. At the same time, the Ottomans were making efforts to prevent the spread of the Khan authority in Circassia, and encouraged the direct vassal ties of the Circassian dukes with regards to the sultan. All of the key events in the history of Ottoman- Circassia relations are examined on a broader scale of events associated with the Ottoman conquest of Crimea, Balkan Peninsula, and the Near East (Syria-Egypt Empire of the Mamluks), as well as the influence upon Circassia from the Crimean Khanate and Russian state. The author made the following conclusions: 1) clarification of the institutional character of the Ottoman dominance in the Northwest Caucasus; 2) inclusion into the scientific discourse of the problematics of the Cirkassian presence in Mamluk Egypt, which affected the vector of the Istanbul- Circassia relations; 3) influence of the Ottoman military-political presence in Crimea and Caucasus (Caffa vicegerency) upon the character of Crimea- Circassia connections.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kattsina T.A., Marinenko L.E. —
Change of the model and practices of solution of the problem of child neglect in the early XX century (on the materials of Yeniseysk Governorate)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 9 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.20730 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20730
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The article is dedicated to examination of the model and practical activity of the local leadership of Yeniseysk Governorate in solution of the child neglect problem during the period of 1917-1925. The chronological framework of the research capture the term of establishment of the Soviet authority in the country, as well as the first reforms in the area of protection of childhood. The study of the aforementioned issue on the materials of Yeniseysk Governorate allows formulating an idea about what events took place in the region and the entire country. The scientific novelty consists in introduction into the scientific discourse of the new archive materials that have never been published earlier, which allowed reconstructing the practice of implementation of the Soviet model of solving the problem of child neglect on the example of Yeniseysk Governorate. The conclusion is made about the changes made in providing help to the street children during the first years of Soviet government, when the private initiative of separate individuals was replaced by the state centralized system. The article gives the analysis of the system of government measures on the struggle against neglect in the region; determines and systematizes the factors which formed the children homelessness during the stated historical period; and presents the assessment of the efficiency of work of the local self-governance in solution of this problem.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Orbodoeva M.V. —
Spiritual culture of China during the period of Wei and Jin
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 18 - 22.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.20842 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20842
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Abstract:
The author gives particular attention to the topic of spiritual culture of China during the period after the collapse of Han Empire, namely the period of Wei and Jin. The era of Wei and Jin represents a breaking point in the history of this country, which was preceded by the time of ruling of the powerful Han Empire and its collapse. The crisis of the empire, disintegration of the unified statehood, destruction of the previous foundations in sociopolitical and economic spheres of Chinese society affected the spiritual culture of China. In writing this article, the author analyzed the works of the Russian, as well as foreign scholars. Special accent is made on the works of Chinese scholars. The main conclusion of this work consists in the facts that the spiritual culture of China during the period of Wei and Jin dynasties was on one hand the reflection of the processes that took place in the stated period; and on the other – served as preparative basis for implementation of Buddhism into the sociocultural space of China.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Antropov R.V., Antropova N.A. —
Legislative reforms and experiments in the system of legal education in Germany during the period of 1971-1984 (on the example of Baden-Württemberg state)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 12.
– P. 79 - 89.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.12.22089 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22089
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The subject of this research is one of the most interesting stages in the development of German legal education, characterized by an unprecedented experiment on testing a monophasic model of preparation of lawyers. The authors set a goal to examine the essence, causes and consequences of the reform undertaken in the system of German legal education over the period of 1971-1984, as well as reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the new educational pursuing correlation with the current Russian realities. The example of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, which was actively engaged in the innovation activity and achieved measurable results, clearly demonstrates the implementation and organization of the educational process in accordance with the new monophasic model. The article introduces the works of the German authors and separate normative documents (federal and state laws) that have not been translated into the Russian language, and thus inaccessible to large audience. It is established that the realization of the experiment on testing the monophasic model of preparation of lawyers as an antipode to the entrenched classical diphasic model, was caused by the public dissatisfaction with the quality and protracted character of legal education. It was legitimized by the adoption of a so-called “experimental clause” in the § 5b of the German Act on the Legal Status of Judges of September 10, 1971. The result of this reform led to the reduction of term of legal education to six years due to intensification of the educational process, elimination of the dualism of theory and practice, increase of the research component in education, as well as focus on the individualization of education and orientation towards formation of the socially adjusted personality of a lawyer. The results of the experiment have received mostly positive evaluations from all the participants, however, due to sociopolitical motives, the implementation of the new model of preparation of lawyers has been declined. The very idea of the monophasic legal education alongside the active process of diversification in the area of rendering educational services is currently being implemented; and so are the principles proclaimed by the reformers of the 1970’s – 1980’s[WU1] , which are relevant for Russia due to joining to the Bologna Process.
[WU1]
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zubareva E.G. —
Morphological type of population of the Lower Volga region (II - IV centuries BC)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 131 - 138.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24131 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24131
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The subject of the study is the determination of average morphotype of the Sarmatian population (II-IV centuries) that resided in the Lower Volga region. Anthropological characteristic of the population is provided. The history of studying the craniology, demography and pathologies of the late Sarmatian population is considered. The main theories of the origin of the craniological types of the population are singled out, the demographic ratio of the population, the level of survival is determined, and the main diseases associated with this population are identified. The article is first to publish the data on the osteometric measurement of the postcranial skeletons of the Sarmatian population (II-IVc.) who resided in the Lower Volga region. The research applies the classical method of osteometric examination in accordance with the generally accepted program developed by V. P. Alekseev using the osteological blank. The reconstruction of the body length was performed through the arithmetic mean values of the shinbone. The study introduces into the scientific discourse the osteometric data, which complement the anthropological picture of the study, as well as provide information about the physical type of population. The formulas of K. Pearson and A. Lee, and V. V. Bunak were applied for calculating the height of the groups under the research. The result of the study consists in creation of an average morphological type of the Late Sarmatian population living in the Lower Volga region.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Classification of sources on the history of Russian state and law: theoretical approaches, classificatory foundations, characteristic of the types
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 11.
– P. 31 - 44.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.11.27995 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27995
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to one of the insufficiently studied problems within the historical-legal source study – the classification of sources on the Russian state and law. The attention is focused on the theoretical approaches towards determining the peculiarities of the sources of knowledge on the state-legal phenomena and institutions in the historical projection. The article provides general characteristics of the types and varieties of the carriers of state-legal information that manifest as the sources of establishment and development of state and law in Russia. Methodology leans on the approaches to classification of sources that established in the historical source study applicable to the specificity of studying the carriers of historical-legal information. The scientific novelty consists in the proposed concept of classification of sources on the history of state and law based on the theoretical approaches of historical source study, applicable to understanding of the nature of government administration and normative regulation. The proposed classificatory scheme is defined by the need of including into the scientific discourse of a broad range of information carriers that allow exceeding the limits of positivist approach within the historical-legal research.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Butovskiy A.Y. —
Matvey Aleksandrovich Sulkevich. Life history of the Lieutenant general of the General Staff of Russia; his military-scientific and social activity (June 20, 1865 – July 2, 1920)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 1 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.2.28396 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28396
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Abstract:
The object of this research is one of the key personas in history of the Russian Civil War – Matvey Aleksandrovich Sulkevich. The subject of this research is the explication of the beginning of life path of the future prominent General, his career advancement, complicated process of acquiring experience in the military-professional activity within the context of scientific and publishing activity of the scholar. The author examines the biographical details of M. A. Sulkevich, his scientific-military and social work, assessment of the vector of activity of the General, and development of his personal values. Using the source analysis and biographical method, the author qualitatively processes the biographical information from the reference material in the prerevolutionary annual publications, reminiscences of the comrades, as well as the history of Sulkevich’s military service. The scientific novelty consist in the fact the author is first to determine within the extensive biographical material the two discernable vectors in the scientific and publishing activity of M. A. Sulkevich; one of which was related to the military career of the prominent General, future Chief of the Crimean Regional Government. His brilliant education received in the Voronezh Cadet School, Mikhailovsky Military Artillery and General Staff Academy, as well as participation in the Russia-China and Russo-Japanese War and Chinese expedition against the Boxer Rebellion cemented the reputation of M. A. Sulkevich as one of most skilled military experts of the Russian Empire.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kimeeva T.I., Yudin M.O. —
Development of restoration technique of the object of architectural heritage: historical aspect
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 3.
– P. 72 - 79.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.3.29308 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29308
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the restoration of architectural heritage since the XIX century until the present day. The subject of this research is the development of restoration technique of architectural landmarks throughout the indicated timeframe, the records on which are described fragmentarily in scientific publications and require systematization. The application of historical-typological method in studying the evolution of restoration techniques and principles allowed determining the attributes inherent to each chronological period and substantiate the future development trends. This defines the scientific novelty of the article. The main conclusions consists in the logically structured scale of restoration techniques of the architectural landmarks, which is built on the basis of historical-chronological characteristic and considering the positions reflected in scientific publications. The authors also trace the correlation between the various restoration techniques, as well as formulate the concept of restoration of the objects of architectural heritage.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dibas O.A., Milokost L.S. —
Martti Ahtisaari: outlook upon solution of Kosovo Conflict (2004-2007)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 4.
– P. 31 - 42.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.4.29479 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29479
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Abstract:
This article explores the outlook upon the process of settling Kosovo Conflict by one of the most successful and renowned mediators, President of Finland, Nobel prizewinner – Martti Ahtisaari. The object of this research is the conflict in Kosovo; while the subject is the position of Martti Ahtisaari in Kosovo Conflict and his outlook upon the conditions of its settlement. The article examines the attitude of M. Ahtisaari towards the conflict in Kosovo over the period from 2005 to 2007; methods and means of searching for a compromise between the government of Serbia, Kosovo and Contact Assembly represented by Russian Federation, Germany, France, Italy, as well as the United Nations Organization and NATO. The scientific novelty consists in the attempts of comprehensive analysis of mediation of Kosovo Conflict from the perspective of the Western European community represented by Martti Ahtisaari, and attraction of a wide variety of sources in form of reminiscences of Martti Ahtisaari, Kofi Annan’s archive, UN documents. Within the framework of this research, it is established that the negotiation process and development of the “Ahtisaari Plan” took place in the conditions of the preliminary structured position and commitment of the European counterparts to achieve the sovereignty of Kosovo; the method and means applies in negotiations were called to impose upon the Serbian side and Russian Federation the foregone conclusion.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mikhailov A.A., Fisheva A.A. —
Aviation in the development and defense of the Arctic during the 1920s: military plans, science, propaganda, and fiction
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 10.
– P. 7 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.10.36673 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36673
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Abstract:
This article examines the competition for the Arctic territories between the polar regions that unfolded in the 1920s, which required active development of these lands involving airplanes and airships. At that point, of primary import was the layout of trans-Arctic airways and deployment of flight support facilities in the Arctic territories, with the accompanying use of aviation for ice reconnaissance and rescue expeditions. Special attention is given to the study of the Soviet and international experience in elaboration and implementation of programs on the military and economic development of northern territories. The topic of consistent development of the Arctic involving aviation and aerostatics is reflected not only in scientific and economic programs, but also in state propaganda, publicistic writing and literary works. The novelty of this research consists in the comprehensive approach towards the problems of involving aviation in the Soviet Union during the 1920s for the development of the Arctic, and simultaneously, building the military capacity of the state, and collective perception of the ideas of the development of Arctic territories and aviation. The conclusion is made that the processes of development of polar aviation and division of Arctic territories were the so-called catalyst for each other, which by the early 1930s allowed the Soviet Union to consolidate its position of in the Arctic. The authors’ special contribution lies in examination of various genres of the press as a particular group of sources that had an ideological influence upon public consciousness.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Buyanov S.S. —
Prospects of Using 3D-Technology for Developing Information Analytical Platform 'History of Modern Russia'
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 6.
– P. 75 - 97.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.6.13674 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13674
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Abstract:
Active application 3D - technologies in historical and culturological researches began more than a quarter of the century back. However, despite constant increase in number large-scale 3D - projects in Russia and abroad, the question of efficiency of use of methods of three-dimensional visualization and "virtual reality" from the point of view of achievement of the set scientific and educational objects is a subject for further reflections and discussions. As one of the main tasks of further development of the information and analytical platform "History of Modern Russia" created with assistance of RGNF (project No. 13-31-11003) is increase of popularity of this resource, in work are investigated various 3D - technologies and projects from the point of view of an assessment of prospects of realization of similar approaches for attraction of interest of audience to questions of national history of the end of XX-of the beginning of the XXI centuries. Methods of induction, deduction, abstraction, formalization, systematization, comparison, other analytical methods were applied to the solution of research tasks. Advantages and shortcomings of various 3D technologies - scannings, and also opportunities, achievements and the main problems connected with use of methods of three-dimensional visualization for the solution of problems of preservation, research, restoration and reconstruction of objects of historical and cultural heritage are analysed. The assessment of prospects of use 3D - solutions for further development of the information and analytical platform "History of Modern Russia" is given.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Moreeva S. —
Analysis of the foreign trade activity of Russia since beginning of the World War I until lifting of the economic blockade
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 61 - 72.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.5.20554 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20554
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Abstract:
The subject of this research (carried out based on the results of scientific research work on the topic “Economic and legal aspects of foreign trade activity of Russia since the beginning of the XX century: past, present, and prospects”) is Russia’s foreign trade over the period from the mid 1914 until the early 1921. The author analyzes the transformation of the Russian foreign trade policy and transactions associated with the country’s participation in the World War I, as well as domestic events of the following years, trade and "golden” embargo of Soviet Russia from the side of the Western countries. The work traces the sequential changes in state regulation of the foreign trade activity: transition from the limited meddling of the government into foreign trade activity, towards the prohibitive-permissive system of regulation with the further establishment of state monopoly in foreign trade right after the October Revolution. Using the acquired statistical data, the author demonstrates how the participation in the WWI alongside the following domestic events affecter the trade balance of the country, volume and structure of export and imports, as well as the list of Russia’s trade partners.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gevorkian D.S. —
Charity in the context of comprehension of state functions (in accordance with the works of V. F. Deryuzhinsky)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 122 - 132.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.23749 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23749
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent Russian police scientist, publicist, and public figure of the late XIX – early XX centuries, editor of the journal “Labor Assistance” Vladimir Fedorovich Deruizhinsky (1861-1920); his representations of the purpose of charity, methods of providing help by the state and private actors to the people in need; about the experience of operation of forced labor camps and commodity stations; on the effective principles of organization of public assistance; his assessment of the experience of organization of public assistance in Russian and foreign countries. The comprehensive problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of theoretical legal heritage of V. F. Deryuzhinsky is realized in the modern legal science for the first time. The article explores the views of V. F. Deryuzhinsky upon the purpose of providing help to people in need, subject compositions of those who provide help, and methods of the public assistance. The author determines the motivational grounds of charity; as well as characterizes the basic stages of social work in monarchical Russia that became the object of research of V. F. Deryuzhinsky. It is underlined that Deryuzhinsky considered that the proper organization of public assistance to the poor, whose number indicates the wellbeing of the state, is the crucial task of the government. The article characterizes the results of comparative analysis of the systems of public assistance conducted by V. F. Deryuzhinsky: classification of the state that provide assistance using various methods; definition of efficiency of the Elberfeld system for aiding the poor; assessment of the experience of operation of forced labor camps and commodity stations; possibility of implementation of the foreign experience in Russia. The conclusion is made that the professional and public activity of V. F. Deryuzhinsky influenced the development of the Russian state policy in the area of social assistance in the late XIX – early XX centuries, as well as his contribution in development of the theory of social work.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kuchumov I.V. —
The impact of evacuation of population and factories from western regions of the USSR upon socioeconomic processes in Bashkiria during the Great Patriotic War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 10.
– P. 84 - 93.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.10.27448 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27448
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the role of Russian population in the socioeconomic processes of Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) during the Great Patriotic War. This event let to substantial quantitative and qualitative changes in socio-demographic composition of population of the Bashkir ASSR, which affected the economic potential of the region, as wells as had direct or indirect influence on the role of Bashkortostan in political space of the country. Reminiscence of those years define the specificity of ethnic, social, economic and to a certain extent political development of Bashkortostan at the present stage. The article applies the comparison of statistical data on demography and economics with the records derived from the narrative sources. The article demonstrates that despite the severe economic and humanitarian losses, the Great Patriotic War led to a surge in the economic regard, including influx of the evacuated workforce and acceleration of urbanization. Dwelling of the evacuated academic, university and engineering-technical personnel in Bashkiria contributed to significant economic and cultural progress of the region. Thus, in the beginning of 1990’s, the region became one of the initiators and leaders of the “sovereignty parade”, influencing the character of political processes in post-Soviet Russia. Moreover, the formed during the wartime industrial capacity of the republic allowed partially compensating the difficulties, caused by the transition to market economy in the 1990’s.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Osipov S., Vyazmitinov M., Kamalova R. —
Emperor Nicholas II and Zemstvo delegation of June 6, 1905: compromises and lost opportunities
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 65 - 79.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.6.28400 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28400
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relatively unknown episode of the First Russian Revolution (1905-1907): hosting a delegation of Zemstvo Congress on June 6, 1905. The authors thoroughly examine this event (background, course, and results), determine the development trends in relations between the government and society as of May-June 1905, note the compromises made by both parties towards audience alongside the lost opportunities discovered by this audience. The article is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity; methodology contains the historical-genetic methods, archival materials, memoires, and press reports. Using the example of a particular event, the authors determine the trends characteristic to the First Russian Revolution throughout. Receiving the Zemstvo delegation by the emperor on June 6, 1905 has been previously viewed in the general chronology of relations between the government and society, development of Zemstvo movements and political activity of participants of the convention. The focus of this research is the event itself: description of its sociopolitical context, background, details of convention, speeches of the participants, public response, and its consequences. Both parties had to make concessions in order for this imperial unprecedented event to take place. The chains of mutual micro-concessions and compromises lead to the convention that could mark the beginning of cooperation between the government and Zemstvo, but turned as lost opportunities for the emperor and the opposition for reasons attributable to both parties. Leaning on a particular episode, the authors emphasize the specificity of the First Russian Revolution in gradual approach to reforms and sustainable public order as a characteristic of arranged compromises.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Grigor'eva Y.G. —
Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 24 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28518
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the history of establishment and dynamics of Mongolian-Korean relations, changes in the form and line of cooperation, as well as the peculiarities of bilateral interaction in the XX century. The establishment and development of Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century took place in the terms of the replacement of several international systems, world wars and revolutions. Historical studies of the cooperation between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea in the XX century is of prime importance for examination of the evolution and current situation in the Mongolian-Korean relations. Methodological foundation contains the general scientific and special research methods: comparative-historical analysis allowed familiarizing with the problem state according to the materials from various sources; contrastive-comparative method allowed conducting synthesis, analogy, systematization of facts, events and phenomena, as well as generalization of data that illustrates the vector and dynamics of development of the relations between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea; chronological method was aimed at determination of the stages of establishment and advancement of cooperation, and qualitative changes in this process; logical method defined the problems and trends in studying the history of Mongolian-Korean relations. The scientific novelty consists in introduction of historical analysis of the Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century using the relevant and insufficiently studied material in Mongolian and Russian languages. This allowed to objectively assess the process of establishment and development of bilateral cooperation, as well as observe its new facets.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tsyrenov C.T., Tsyrenova N.D. —
Daurian jew’s harp: a little-known musical instrument
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 346 - 352.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.37159 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37159
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Abstract:
This article examines the little-studied in the Russian scientific ethnographic and musicological literature Daurian traditional musical instrument mukulien (Chinese 木库莲), which is classified as jew’s harp. The goal of this article lies in determination of its role in modern spiritual culture of the Daurians, as well as characterization of the key stages of the history and evolution of mukulien, including the description of constructive peculiarities based on the material of folk legends and modern Chinese ethnographic research. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in scientific ethnographic literature, the Daurian jew's harp (mukulien) has not previously become a separate subject of research. The article employs the historical, ethnographic, philosophical and musicological analysis. The previously unstudied Daurian legend about the invention of mukulien by the Daurian widow to console her heart from grieving is introduced into the scientific discourse. As a result, the author traces the main stages in the development of mukulien in Daurian culture, as well as determines the key aspects of further study of the phenomenon of jew’s harp.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Lakhtionova E.S. —
Section of monuments of Science and technology VOOPIK: history and main activities (on the example of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 6.
– P. 122 - 133.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.6.41012 EDN: IFAUXU URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=41012
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Abstract:
The object of the study is the section of monuments of science and technology of the VOOPIK. The subject is the activity of the section of monuments of science and technology for the identification, study, accounting, preservation and updating of the corresponding category of monuments. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the history of the emergence and functioning of this structural unit in the 1960s-1980s. The territorial framework is limited to the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions, the leading industrial regions of the Urals, on the territory of which there were a large number of monuments of science and technology, monuments of industrial heritage. The author studies the history of the formation of the section of monuments of science and technology, and also gives a description of various types of its activities on the materials of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. The problem posed has not yet been the subject of special study, and has only been touched upon in the context of the study of history in general of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments and its regional branches, in particular. This determines the scientific novelty of the article. The source material is represented by archival materials, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, for example, unique information about the project to create a Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Chelyabinsk. The author comes to the conclusion that there were both similar directions and significant differences in the activities of these sections. This was determined by several reasons. Of great importance was the personal factor, which also influenced the effectiveness of the functioning of the section of monuments of science and technology
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Martynenko A.V. —
Main tendencies in the development of the intellectual culture of Islam in the modern and contemporary history
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 168 - 211.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.328 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=328
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Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to compare and analyze the Muslim concepts of modernism and Salafi Islam. This study is based on a civilizational approach. In this article the author analyzes both contemporary concepts of Islam (al-Afghani, Abduh, Gasprinsky, etc.), and Salafist doctrine (al-Wahhab, Sayyid Qutb). The scope of this work includes oriental studies, political science, religious studies. The main conclusion of the article: the modernist and the Salafi approach to Islamic traditions define the basic discourse of Muslim culture XVIII – XXI centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tret'yakova E. —
Administrative unions of the XIX century as legal form of cooperation of the states
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.17619 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17619
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Abstract:
The article investigates the administrative unions of the XIX century, which provided frameworks for the countries for cooperation on permanent basis. Crucial characteristics of international administrative unions, their specific features and some of reasons for these institutes formation are determined and described in this paper. Referring to the relevant international legal foundations, the most substantial, according to the author, examples of administrative unions, which have played essential role in correspondent directions of intergovernmental cooperation developing, are indicated here. More than that, main results of their activity are also illustrated in the article.Historical and legal analysis of international administrative unions system, based on scientific studies, the primary sources (international legal acts) and data on the results of administrative union activity are carried out in the frameworks of research.The scientific novelty of the research displayed in historical and legal analysis of international administrative unions as a stage of formation of international intergovernmental organizations.The main conclusions of the study are: The main prerequisites for the formation of the administrative unions system was an intensification of relations in various fields, including international law. Administrative Unions had a number of features: a contractual interstate general administrative and organizing characteristics. The Russian government took essential part in the formation and functioning of most unions. Administrative Unions became one of the first organizational forms of intergovernmental association integration. They made a base of international cooperation on permanent basics and became a foundation for developing international intergovernmental organizations.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Surkov O.S. —
P.E. Kazansky on the imperial power
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 43 - 49.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.24634 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24634
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the teaching of a conservative legislator, Professor P. E. Kazansky on the imperial power. The goal of this work is the consideration of structural components of his teaching and their interrelation in the context of liberal and conservative views of Russian of the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century. The relevance of Kazansky’s teaching is defined by the fact that at the presents stage of development, the national political-legal thought experiences the constantly growing influence of the elements of conservative discourse. A conclusion is made that the committed monarchist and organizer of the All-Russian National Union P. E. Kazansky, created an original doctrine on the concept of imperial power. The indicated doctrine differs from the official interpretation of Theophan Prokopovich, as well as nationalist concepts. P. E. Kazansky suggests a complicated in its structure theoretical explanation to the nature of autocratic power, which includes the historical, factual, sacral, cultural and juridical components. The correlation of the aforementioned components is viewed by Kazansky as a complex diachronic process, within the framework of which the formal-legal components of the concept of autocratic power hold a collaterally subordinate position.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sukiasyan A.A. —
The evolution of state investment policy in Russia during the late 1980’s – 1990’s: historical context
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 14 - 24.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.9.27352 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27352
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the historical experience of the establishment of state investment policy in Russia at the initial stage of market reforms. The subject of this research is the complex of conceptual, legal and social components on the Russian investment policy during the late 1980’s – 1990’s. The goal consists in description of the role of the Russian investment policy in the context of formation of the new sociopolitical and economic space of the country, including the peculiarities of the process of establishment of state investment strategy, as well as demonstration of the importance of investment problematic for the Russian business press, national business community, and others. The article is conducted on the basis of the principles of historicism, use of systemic analysis, methods of retrospect and actualization, and interdisciplinary approach. As a result, the author restores the image of the establishment and implementation of state investments policy in Russia during the late 1980’s – 1990’s. The scientific novelty lies in determination of the role and place of investment policy in the context of modernization transit of the 1990’s. The author comes to a conclusion that the indicated period in the history of Russian investment policy is characterizes by the intense creation of program documents and legal acts, the practical implementation of which was hindered by the fragmentariness of development of the market system as a whole. Herewith, the priorities of the modern Russian investment policy were formulated in the 1990’s.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bykov A.V., Bykova A.G. —
Legal regulation of penalties for disciplinary offences conducted by police officials of the Russian Empire (second half of the XIX – beginning of the XX century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 80 - 88.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.6.28327 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28327
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Abstract:
The state of discipline and lawfulness in the activity of government bodies, including the internal affairs division, and measures of their support, counting penalty for committing violation by discipline, have always been of great importance. Examination of the historical experience of the development of legislation regulating the application of sanctions for official misconducts and disciplinary offences is relevant and allows determining the sources of the current state of this sphere of regulation. The subject of this research is the relations associated with the violation by the police employees of service discipline in prerevolutionary Russia. The goal of this work lies in studying the issues of statutory regulation of brining he police officials to disciplinary responsibility. The author analyzes the regulatory acts contained in the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, and published results of scientific activity. At the same time, the author notes that the modern national science does not give as due attention to examination of responsibility of the police officials as to legal regulation of responsibility of the civil service officials overall. The article determines a set of issues and flaws in legal regulation of disciplinary responsibility. The conclusion is made on the need to pass in the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century of the new normative legal act regulating the responsibility of the police officials for committing disciplinary offences based on the existing experience. The absence of such legal act and archaic nature of the existing norms negatively influenced the efforts on enforcing discipline. The presented results may be used in conducting scientific research and preparing educational learning materials.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Averyanova D.V. —
Clergy and parishioners of Minusinsky District: struggle for abstinence from alcohol in Minusinsky Districts during the late XIX – early XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 3.
– P. 100 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.3.29319 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29319
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the parish clergy of Minusinsky District of Yeniseysk Governorate. The subject is the participation of priests in fighting for the sober lifestyle of the parishioners. The goal of this article lies in examination of the most popular methods of battling with alcoholism in their congregation during the late XIX – early XX centuries. The author determines the role of temperance societies on reducing alcoholism among parishioners. Attention is given to the peculiarities of battling with alcohol intemperance among indigenous population of the district. Based on studying the materials of Yeniseysk eparchial departments, the author analyze the results of the priests’ activity. This topic becomes the subject of research for the first time, which defines the scientific novelty of the article. The conclusion is made on the importance of participation of parish clergy of the south of Yeniseysk Governorate in struggle for abstinence from alcohol among the parishioners of Minusinsky District, as well as underlines the causes of its insufficient effectiveness.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kovalev A.A. —
History of security as a new field of Western historical science
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 225 - 241.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.34867 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34867
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Abstract:
The goal of this research lies in consideration of the history of security as a relatively new field of Western historical science. It can be achieved by solving the three interrelated tasks: 1) review of the concept of “security” as the subject of research of Western historical science; 2) analysis of the recent changes in the concepts of security that exist in modern historical science of Western countries; 3) examination of boundaries set by a particular historical era for implementation of the concept of security. Currently, even within the framework of Western historical sciences, which has systematically examined the phenomenon of security, it is difficult to speak of the existence of special history of security, although the works of the leading Western historians covered in this article, significantly contribute to examination of the security issues. Such issues are viewed through the prism of the events of world history. Analysis is conducted on the achievements of Western historical science in studying the phenomenon of security, as well as conceptual changes that have taken place within this problematic over the recent years. Any historical era establishes certain boundaries for the study and implementation of security. Western historical science has achieved considerable results in determination of the concept of “security” as the subject of historical research. Multiple humanities and social sciences explore the sphere of security; and the complex of historical disciplines examines security as an interdisciplinary concept that remains relevant throughout history of mankind. Security is a general concept, which is commonly used in historical research on the one hand; however, does not exists as an independent historical discipline. If political science, criminology, sociology, and jurisprudence, namely international relations, imply a consistent and broad field of research on security, history is yet to develop a corresponding subject category.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Akishin M.O. —
The formation of the legal language in Ancient Rus IX – XII centuries.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 203 - 236.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.1.17620 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17620
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Abstract:
The fundamental hypothesis of the article is the theory, formulated in parallel, and V. I. Vinogradov.L. Weisgerber, according to which language is a state – building factor, an essential attribute of the state. The core of the lexico-semantic field of the state language is legal language. The formation of the state language of Ancient Russia was, on the one hand, due to the blurring of the dialects of East Slavic tribes and the formation of a single Russian spoken language; on the other hand, the adoption of Church Slavonic as the language old Russian book-learning. The desire to distance the Prince of statutes for the population of Ancient Russia was determined that Russian spoken language as their basis. However, Church Slavonic language has influenced the texts of the Prince of legitimation, it was carried out translations of Byzantine legislation, including acts of ecclesiastical law, which had legal force in Russia. Therefore, the state language has evolved in the combination of Russian spoken language and Church Slavonic language. A study of the lexico-semantic field of Russian language of the law helped to prove that in Ancient Russia there was a number of terms that are fundamental to modern legal language, including: law, law, customs, Ambassador, Treasury, court, plaintiff, a person, estate, lender, will, murder, witness, etc. Rich lexical composition of the language of the law allowed to borrow from Byzantine law and to formulate abstract rules in the statutes of princes of Ancient Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khairetdinova N.E. —
Control over repertoire of the Ufimian theatre at the initial state of the Great Patriotic War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 140 - 151.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.19546 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19546
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relationship between the censure apparatus of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the theatres of Ufa at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. The article confirms a generally known fact that the highly ideological and heroic-patriotic spectacle was considered exceptionally relevant. Nevertheless, the understanding that the war had divided the audience into various categories, indicated a number of serious questions that pertain to serving each of the category of spectators. During the course of this research, it was established that for performances in the military recruiting stations, was selected primarily the ideological repertoire, aimed at increase of the battle spirit of the recruited, and mostly the concert format has been chosen for realization of work. The ideological and political orientation was dominating in the theatrical activity, which looks rather obvious. Public festivities occasioned with various events were regularly taking place in Ufa; extreme popularity gained the genre of operetta. In addition to this, the provincial theatres has certain contacts with the local censure; there is a record of precedent, when the representative of the central censure apparatus criticized the Ufimian theaters for excessive freedom and noncompliance with the all written rules for the pre-premiere approval of a spectacle. The author notes that there is no common image of the Soviet censure; it is a product of its time, a complicated social phenomenon.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Markhanova T.F. —
Population of China during the time of Sui dynasty (581-618)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 29 - 37.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.20871 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20871
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the demographic policy of Sui dynasty. The goal of the work is to demonstrate the size of China’s population during the ruling of Sui dynasty based on the Chinese sources and Western-European literature. The author is first to examine the methods of calculation of the population base during the ruling of Sui dynasty and highlights three of them: maoyue (visual inspection), registration of households, and dynamic of population base. The system of taxation lied in the foundation of the centralized census of Sui dynasty. Similar official enumeration of the population was conducted for tax collection and realization of labor duty. Analyzing China’s demographic situation during the time of Sui dynasty, it is noted that the growth and decline in size of population of China were associated with the periods of development of the country, as well as socio-economic and natural-geographical factors. During the bloom of the dynasty, the author underlines a significant economic growth, which affected the increase of the size of population. However, during the crisis and wars, the situation with population changed to negative. The author comes to a conclusion that during the time of Sui dynasty in 609 A.D., with the help of three analytical methods, the population comprised 46 million registered people, which allowed forming a new tax base for the country.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Police state – welfare state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 183 - 194.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21223 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21223
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the theoretical heritage of police scientists, within the framework of which welfare and security defined the purpose of the state. Police state as the idea of organization of people’s activity for the sake of public welfare has its past, present, and future. Examination of the history of police state as the political-legal technique of supporting the legal order is heuristically useful for understanding the practices of dominance in modern societies. The modern state that correlates with the discursive and institutional heritage of the police state era in the field of organization and activity of the police, continues to base itself upon the developed by police scientists idea of security, as well as attempts to find new ways for procurement of wealth for best distribution of benefits. The research is built on the principle of historicism, due to attempt towards determination of the dynamics and historical prospect of development of the ideas of police scientists regarding the creation of the welfare society by means of the police state. The foreign and Russian police scientists defined the purpose of the police state as the achievement of the general welfare. The idea of realization of the national welfare and happiness encouraged the development of the philosophy of eudaemonism, which became the ideological foundation of the system of government administration. The attempt to reach the set goal led to the actual neglect of the people’s interests. The inner controversy of the concept of police state substantiated the need for transition from the police state to the legal state.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sevostyanova E., Skobina E.A. —
Delimitation of the China-Russia border since the XVI century until 1917
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 19 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26151 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26151
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Abstract:
This article examines the key landmarks in delimitation of the China-Russia border since the XVI century until 1917, as well as its peculiarities. Russia and China are the two state that historically never had any serious armed clashes, and most questions regarding delimitation and demarcation were settled peacefully, despite the geopolitical and economic frictions, as well as territorial disputes. Regardless of difficult negotiations and an attempt of unilateral denunciation, both parties searched for a compromise and recognized the line of demarcation. Based on the chronological and problem-historical method, the article analyzes the key landmarks in delimitation and demarcation of the borders. A conclusion is substantiated on the existence of an objective need for factual establishment and legal formalization of the borderline. The legal formalization of the border lagged behind its factual establishment because on one hand, both parties did not have the required resources, while on the other – both empires had the concealed colonization plans. The delimitation took place in the territories that belonged neither to Russian or Chinese empires, but were of same importance for both countries. Their legal status has been changed accordingly. Delimitation not only considered the existing natural barriers – rivers and mountain ridges, but for the first time established the artificially determined landmarks. Legal aspect of agreement execution was improved by establishing jurisdiction for border violators, determining the legal regime of border checking, formalizing the border markers by protocols. The difficulties with the demarcation are already confirmed by the fact that the legal arrangement of 1689 continued into the XXI century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zadorozhnyaya O.A. —
River agencies “Association of Western Siberian Shipping and Trade” and organization of its activity in the Ob-Irtysh River Basin
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 10.
– P. 50 - 58.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.10.27610 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27610
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the process of formation of the model of river agency in the Ob-Irtysh River Basin on the example of “Association of Western Siberian Shipping and Trade”. The sources demonstrate the process of establishment of shipping lines through capital of the old and new entrepreneurial names, which strived for establishing the monopoly right over a specific sphere of activity. At the initial stage, the assistance of the local governments ensured such advantage, but the development of capitalist relations incited the distribution of competition. It necessitated finding a new way for remaining the largest shipping carrier, but by means of the separate production branches at the local level, strengthening their financial situation, increasing the staff and expanding administrative opportunities. The modern historical literature practically does not cover the problem of structural departments of river agencies of the Ob-Irtysh River Basin during the post-reform period, which is reflected on the unilateral approach to analyzing the activity of entrepreneurial organizations of the suburbs of the Russian State. The entrepreneurial companies of Western Siberia represented a fairly complicated type of the forming entrepreneurial organization due to the strong influence of both, family traditions and process of establishment of state capitalism upon the business world.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Alekseev K.A. —
To the question of origin of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians in light of the newest genetic data
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 34 - 43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.34080 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34080
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The subject of this research is the ethnogenesis of Indo-Iranian and Tocharian groups of Indo-European language family. The author analyzes the data on genetic composition of the population of Gandhara grave culture, which is an undisputable archeological evidence of expansion of Indo-Iranians into the Indus Valley, i.e. the place of dwelling of the speakers of Indo-Iranian languages that will be subsequently recorded in the written sources. The results of analysis are compared to the data acquired on the ancient population of the Tarim Basin in Eastern Turkestan, which supposedly is proto-Tocharian. The comparison of mitochondrial DNA detected the only admissible localization of population, which is ancestral for both linguistic groups, as well as outlined the logical chain of migration of Indo-Europeans. The novelty of this research consists in application of the comparative-genetic method for detecting the localization of origin of a particular human population (in this article – Indo-Iranians and Tocharians). The following conclusions were made: additional arguments in confirmation of the genesis of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians from the area of Danubian culture of the Neolithic (linear pottery – Linearbandkeramik, Lengyel, Alföld), as well as well reasons in support the migration model of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians from the area of agricultural cultures of Europe through Eurasian steppes, which can serve as the new foundation for hypotheses on the formation of steppe culture (like grave culture) by the people of European descent.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Skrydlov A. —
A scholar-statistician and state authority in the early XIX century: on the biography of K. I. Arsenyev (1789-1865)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 11.
– P. 37 - 47.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.11.34470 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34470
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The object of this research is the evolution of statistical science in the Russian Empire in the early XIX century. The author analyzes the peculiarities of interaction between the academic community of statisticians and state authority on the example of career trajectory of the academician K. I. Arsenyev. The research leans on the basic methods of historical science – problem-chronological for studying the time sequence of events; historical-genetic and historical-comparative analysis for determining the key stages of the scholar’s scientific biography, as well as objective and subjective factors that impacted his performance. Special attention is given to the analysis of scientific works of K. I. Arsenyev, which prompted the major statistical discussion that unfolded in pre-reform Russia during the 1818-1819. The author examines the impact of the “Professors’ Case” upon Arsenyev's future career, traces the history of his relationship with the Emperor Nicholas I, and analyzes the scholar’s role in the development of administrative statistics in Russia. In the course of this research, it was established that academic career of Arsenyev is not typical, but rather illustrative for characterizing the status of a scholar-statistician in the first half of the XIX century. The difficulties of undergoing censorship, limited access of the scholars to departmental statistical materials, and risk of being suspected in political unreliability impeded the development of statistics during the indicated period. Patronage of the emperor relieved some of these constraints for Arsenyev; thus, receiving more freedom for scientific pursuits, he achieved impressive results. Overall, the representatives of conservative part of the elite continued to view statistics as a political science, which requires deliberate attention and control of the government.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Galyamov A.A. —
Historical-ethnographic and visual sources of C. Roth’s printmaking from J. G. Georgi’s edition (on the example of the Ob Ugrians)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 6.
– P. 95 - 105.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.6.35871 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35871
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The subject of this research is the printmaking of C. Roth from the academic edition of J. G. Georgi Georgi “Description of everyone living in Russian state…”. The works of the Nuremberg printmaker Christopher Roth, although being an important source, were not given due attention for a long time, being viewed only in the context of studying the academic work of J. G. Georgi. The this article aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the historical-ethnographic and visual sources of C. Roth’s printmaking on the example of the images of the Ob Ugrians (“Ostyak on the Ob River”, “Ostyak on Ermine Trapping”, “The Face of Ostyachka”, and “The Back of “Ostyachka”). Based on the developed visual motifs – costumes, characteristic “postures”, attributes, etc., it is possible to reconstruct the list of sources used by C. Roth in his art pieces. The conclusion is made that as the historical-ethnographic and visual sources, C. Roth used drawings (including “plein-air” and expeditionary), " mannequins, and examples of Ostyak traditional dresses from the Siberian collection of the Kunstkamera. However, in creation of such compositions as “ Ostyak in Ermine Trapping”, “The Face of Ostyachka”, and “The Back of “Ostyachka”, the list of the aforementioned sources can be complemented by ethnographic descriptions from the academic editions of the second half of the XVIII century, miniatures from chronicles (“Brief Siberian (Kungur) Chronicle”), as well as ethnographic maps (“Ethnographic Map of Siberia of the Great Northern Expedition”).
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khomenko D.P. —
The Problem of the "Russian World": theory and historiography
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 143 - 156.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.36008 EDN: HCWJQY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36008
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The article presents the problem of the split of the "Russian World" as a consequence of the collapse of the USSR in 1991.
Russian Russian historiography is analyzed by the author, comparing the opinions of experts on the civilizational criterion in the modern history of the Russian people and the "Russian world" in order to create a generalized definition of the concept of "Russian World". The so-called "Putin Doctrine" is considered separately, understood as a set of state measures to consolidate the post-Soviet space on the principles of common security and common interests. The problem of the ongoing split of the "Russian World" due to the Ukrainian crisis is also analyzed.
In his work, using historical-systemic and historical-synergetic methods, the author, based on the opinions of specialists from different branches of science, comes to a theoretical result regarding the topic under study. In the modern historiography of the issue, there is still no consensus on the final definition, which indicates the interdisciplinary complexity of the concept. But this especially testifies to the high relevance of the definition of the concept of "Russian World" for the formation of the national security strategy of Russia.
The article analyzes the sources of the Russkiy Mir Foundation, the Center for Military and Political Studies of the MGIMO Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Izborsky Club, and the Center for Global Interests (Washington, USA). The historiography of the works of doctors of Historical Sciences of Russia Nikonov V.A., Podberezkin A.I., Komarov G.A., Harvard University political scientist Huntington S.F., philosophers Shchedrovitsky P.G., Averyanov V.V. is also analyzed.Russian Russian World In the course of the study, the author presented a generalized definition of the concept of the "Russian World" and the problem of the split of the "Russian World" in the context of modern historical approaches.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Fedotova D.Y., Sulimov V.S. —
Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium and the revolutionary unrest of 1905-1907.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 85 - 97.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.37726 EDN: FWQKFW URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37726
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The article is devoted to the study of the activities of students of the oldest educational institution in Western Siberia — the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium during the revolutionary upheavals of 1905-1907. The subject of the study is the activity of students of the Tobolsk men's gymnasium in 1905-1907. The object of the study is the Tobolsk men's gymnasium. The work is based on the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, comprehensiveness. Both general scientific and traditional methods for historical research are used: systematic, historical-comparative, problem-historical.Attention is paid to the analysis of the features of the educational process, reflected in the protocols of pedagogical councils and reports of the director of the gymnasium P. I. Panov. It is noted that despite the control over the behavior of gymnasium students by the director, teachers, classroom teachers and parents, students were gradually drawn into political processes covering the whole country.The authors consider the main requirements put forward by the pupils of the men's gymnasium in the fall of 1905, which were presented to the management of the educational institution in the form of a petition containing 29 points. It should be taken into account that the petition was sent from European Russia to unite the demands of secondary school students to change the educational process. The paper concludes that high school students opposed prohibitions and restrictions, did not have a clear political program and a single plan. Their actions were spontaneous and chaotic. In this article, the authors use a representative source base of unpublished materials from the collections of the State Archives of Tobolsk and Tomsk relating to the history of the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tauber V. —
Religion and Politics in Early Modern Royal Travels: Queen Elizabeth's Progress to Kent in 1573
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 9.
– P. 65 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.9.38728 EDN: QCRRZP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38728
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the summer travels of the English royal court of early Modern times. This practice, originating from the traveling courts of the Middle Ages, flourished in England in the second half of the XVI century. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth Tudor, summer progresses became an integral part of the court ceremonial, an important means of representing the monarch and a mechanism for implementing royal policy. The article focuses on one of these trips, namely, a summer trip to Kent in 1573, whose central episode was a reception hosted for the Queen by Archbishop of Canterbury Matthew Parker. The author examines the preparation and course of this reception, analyzes the motives and expectations of all participants in the events and fits the royal visit into the context of church history and religious policy of England in the second half of the XVI century. The scientific novelty of the work lies in a detailed, based on a wide range of sources, consideration of the royal visit of 1573, which had not previously attracted special attention of researchers. The main conclusion of the study is the observation about the peculiar nature of the reception in Canterbury, due to the increased attention of all participants to the religious and political content of this event. For Elizabeth, this reception was an occasion to emphasize her image of a pious monarch and defender of the true faith. On the other hand, such a visit in the first half of the 1570s, during a harsh period for the Church of England, was on its part a gesture of support for the Archbishop of Canterbury, whom the latter sorely needed. Parker, in turn, made considerable efforts to extract the maximum benefits for himself from this reception. Thus, the conducted research shows how the royal progress could be used for the purposes of religious policy and complements our understanding of the methods and mechanisms of its implementation in early Modern England.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Rozin V.M. —
History of the formation of monasticism as a social institution
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 212 - 263.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.335 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=335
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On the basis of the Western cultural history the article examines the process of monasteries and monasticism turning into a social institution. The author analyzes the social and cultural preconditions, the actual process of monasticism becoming a social institution, the rise and fall of this institution. The article presents the main hypothesis of monasticism – a special kind of mundane esoterism and a hypothesis of monasticism development – from the secular esoterism to the secularization of monasticism. The article characterizes the specifics of monasticism as a social institution.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Petrov Y.I. —
The Problems of the Establishment and Development of the Institution of Assessors in Russia in the Late XIX Century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 72 - 103.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.5.9202 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9202
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The article is devoted to the historical background of Nicolay Bunge's tax reform. The author of the article describes particular activities and measures aimed at elimination of the old taxes and introduction of the new taxes that would increase the taxation efficiency, expand the scope of persons paying taxes and change the social composition of taxpayers. The author also analyzes the status of fiscal management in Russia of the late XIX century. He underlines that the tax control was quite weak in those times and this is why the institution of assessors was created. The author describes the process of formation of the institution as a local financial control body. He also analyzes the legal base of activities performed by the new institution and touches upon the changes in its structure as well as the reasons causing these changes. Special attention is paid to human resources at such institutions, education of assessors as well as their service, promotion in rank and incentives. Much emphasis is mae on the question about the process of interaction between assessors and other local executive authorities. The author underlines the peculiar role and great significance of assessors in achieving targets of tax reforms in the late XIX - early XX centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bezgin V.B. —
Unnatural vices within the peasant environment (second half of the XIX – beginning of the XX century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 108 - 120.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.2.17918 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17918
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Based on the archive materials, the author examines the facts of sexual inversions (incest, sodomy, and zoophilia) in the Russian village of the end of XIX – the beginning of XX century. According to the existed criminal legislation they qualified as crimes against public morality, and the villagers considered them as vice and contradicting the human nature actions. The article presents an analysis of the court cases associated with the sexual actions of criminal character, which involved the peasants. The author determined the level of expansion of these crimes within the rural environment, explores the reaction of the villagers to the cases of sexual perversions, as well as studies the legal precedents with regards to such cases. As a hypothesis, the author suggests that the manifestations of sexual inversions among peasants were linked to the peculiarities of the rural lifestyle, as well as the negative consequences of the modernization process of the Russian society. The unnatural vices in the village were most common to the rural marginals. On the contrary, the male villagers became victims of sexual perversions on the city from the side of local sodomists.
Based on the archive materials, the author examines the facts of sexual inversions (incest, sodomy, and zoophilia) in the Russian village of the end of XIX – the beginning of XX century. According to the existed criminal legislation they qualified as crimes against public morality, and the villagers considered them as vice and contradicting the human nature actions. The article presents an analysis of the court cases associated with the sexual actions of criminal character, which involved the peasants. The author determined the level of expansion of these crimes within the rural environment, explores the reaction of the villagers to the cases of sexual perversions, as well as studies the legal precedents with regards to such cases. As a hypothesis, the author suggests that the manifestations of sexual inversions among peasants were linked to the peculiarities of the rural lifestyle, as well as the negative consequences of the modernization process of the Russian society. The unnatural vices in the village were most common to the rural marginals. On the contrary, the male villagers became victims of sexual perversions on the city from the side of local sodomists.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Loshchenkov A.V. —
Panchen Lama II Lobsang Yeshe and his creative heritage
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.20313 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20313
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The subject of this research is the figure of Panchen Lama II Lobsang Yeshe (1663-1737), the second of the highest hierarchs of Tibetan Buddhism, as well as his written heritage which is referred in its genre to the Buddhist texts – Gsung-'bum. This topic until present has not been a subject of examination in the Western and Russian Buddhology. This work sets a goal to fulfill such gap, as well as give characteristics to the figure and activity of Panchen Lama II based on the original Tibetan sources. The main stages of his biography along with the texts that belong to the tradition of Lamrim (“stages of the path”) are being described. The scientific novelty is defined by the subject of the research. The author makes an attempt to understand the role of Panchen Lama II in the strengthening of independence of the Buddhist civilization of Tibet and Tibetan statehood. For the first time the biography and overview of Panchen Lama’s heritage is being presented: the author describes the compilation of his works, analyzes its content, and determines the landmark compositions. All of this characterizes the author as a highly qualified multifaceted master of the Tibetan Buddhism.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krichevtsev M.V. —
Legal regime of detention of foreign prisoners of war in France under Napoleon I (on dispositions of the Empire and the acts of the prefecture of Eure department in 1813 – 1814)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 13.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.5.20877 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20877
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The subject of this research is the changes in legal regime of detention of the foreign prisoners of war in France during the ruling period of Napoleon I. The work examines the normative positions pertaining to places of dislocation, organization of work and daily life of the prisoners of war, their financial support administration and police supervision over them, as well as punishments for violation of order and discipline. Legal regulation was exercised on general imperial level alongside separate departments, which causes a question about the interaction of the imperial law with the local law. The article compares the imperial regulations with the acts of prefect of M. de Miramont existing in the Eure department in 1813 – 1814. The relevance of this topic is substantiate by the insufficient study in science of the relation of administrations of various departments towards the dislocated within them prisoners of war and peculiarities of legal regulation of their detention. The conclusion is made that that legal regime of detention of the foreign prisoners of war in France during the late Napoleonic era, to a significant extent is defined not by the general imperial regulations but the local stipulations. Acts of the prefecture issued in the Eure department, testify to the extensive freedom of lawmaking of a prefect in this field. Particularly, the acts of 1814 significantly expanded the authority of the local civil administration pertaining to the depot of prisoners of war within the department’s territory and enhanced its impact upon the military structure in the late ruling period of Napoleon I.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Filonova O.I. —
The status of the judge and the personnel policy of the formation of the corps of judges during the new economic policy period
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 60 - 66.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.1.23773 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23773
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The subject of this study is judicial body of the New Economic Policy period (1921-1929). The author examines such aspects of the topic as the legal and non-legal components of the status of a judge, mechanism of formation of judicial body, and judges personnel during the New Economic Policy period. Particular attention is paid to the legislative foundations of the status of Soviet judge, principles and peculiarities of human resource policy in formation of judiciary, as well as problem of legal education. Based on the archival data, the author analyzes the dynamics of composition of the judiciary, as well as describes a portrait of a Soviet judge of the 1920’s. Methodological basis consists in the system approach, which allows exploring the judiciary as such alongside within the state mechanism in the context of the political system of Soviet society. The main conclusions lies in determination in the status of a judge of legal components (age, social status, work experience, absense of criminal record, institution of responsibility, guarantee of judicial immunity), and non-legal (membership in the Communist Party, adherence to its policy). Author’s special contribution to the research lies in the analysis of the human resource policy mechanism in formation of the judiciary, as well as its results, reflected in court personnel. The scientific novelty is defined by the comprehensive approach towards the indicated problematic.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Putilin S.V. —
Cognitive values of service population in Western Siberia of the XVII century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 8.
– P. 35 - 39.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.8.27010 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27010
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The subject of this research is the service population in Western Siberia of the XVII century; the object is their intellectual values, particularly cognitive. The author examines the questions of cognitive attitude towards reality of the service people: language instruments of cognition and consciousness. Special attention is given to the subjective perception of cognitive values, revealing their structure and content, conceptual meaning and interrelation. The definitions of cognitive values from the standpoint of service people – language and knowledge are provided; the peculiarities of interpretation of cognitive values from the perspective of the context of events are described. Among the main conclusions of the conducted research is the understanding of the value of cognition and information for service population as paramount from the perspective of professional activity, variety of cognitive values in form of verbal and written speech, knowledge, mentality and mind in different forms. The author’s contribution lies in the interdisciplinary method of research, historical-anthropological approach to studying service population, implementation of contemporary information technologies and comprehensive analysis of the sourced. The scientific novelty is defined by formulation of practical mechanisms on conceptualization of the socio-psychological phenomena of service people and their intellectual values.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sevostyanova E. —
“Third year in a row the Ghulja question gives the go-around…”: Russia and China in settling the Ili Crisis on the pages of “Eastern Herald” newspaper
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 21 - 36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.1.28981 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28981
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This article examines the reflection in the Eastern Herald” newspaper of a difficult period in the history of China-Russia relations during the 1870’s – 1880’s. The goal consists in the analysis of newspaper publications, and determination of conceptual components of the discourse on the Ili (Ghulja) crisis and border demarcation. The research established that this topic was one of the principal on the pages of “Eastern Herald” during the 1882-1884; separate publications occur in the 1890-1891l; the consequences of resettlement were covered in the 1890-1891. Chronological, comparative-historical methods along with the method of content analysis were applied. The reports on the course of border demarcation carried information character and neutral language of description, while the publications on relations between the authorities and the population in the transferred territories were characterized with the negative-biased nominations. As a result of conducted analysis, the author determine six main plot lines: overall assessment of policy of the Russian Empire on transferring Ili (Ghulja) District; course of measures on demarcation of borders; main events on organization and defense of migration flows to the Russian Empire and organization of resettlement in the territory of Semirechye; formation of the image of China’s provincial officials and government overall; characteristics of China’s army and its military capability; characteristics of China-Russia trade. The parallel plot line of the publication was the reports on situation in the Far Easter borders of Russia, which created a general picture of China-Russia border relations.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Menshikov M.S., Yusupov R.G. —
Development of the Bashkortostan Higher School of Law in the context of national historiography of the Russian reforms of 1991 – early 2000’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 28 - 37.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.2.29214 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29214
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This article is dedicated to the question of historiographical mastery of the topic of state policy of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the area of modernization of the higher legal education at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. The goal of this research lies in substantiation of the scientific significance and relevance of conducting a comprehensive historical study that reveals the process of institutionalization and activity of the system of the Bashkortostan Higher School of Law in the context of contemporary history. The subject of this research is the establishment of national historiography of the higher legal education in Bashkortostan. The authors examine several problematic and thematic levels of historiosophical material – from general questions of state educational strategy to the history of particular universities and their departments. The scientific novelty consists in the analytical overview of national historiography of state policy in the area of the Bashkortostan Higher School of Law at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. It is concluded that in the late 1990’s – 2010’s there have formed the body of scientific literature that comprises the theoretical and factual basis for the emergence of objective representations on the historical experience and the results of development of the professional education in Russia within the framework of contemporary history. At the same time, the topic of modernization of the Bashkortostan Higher School of Law did not receive proper coverage in the historical research. Therefore, the study of historical experiences of implementation of state policy with regards to the development of higher legal education in Bashkortostan during the 1991 – 2000’s is a relevant scientific task, which solution is maintained by the historiographical, archival, and published historical sources.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gigauri D.I., Korovin K.S. —
Revolutionary myth of “proletarian dictatorship” in the Soviet constitutional doctrine of 1918 and visual communication
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 11.
– P. 40 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.11.31215 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31215
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This article is dedicated to representation of the myth of “proletarian dictatorship” in the Soviet constitutionalism. Having emerged in the XIX century, this mythologem experienced certain transformations as a result of targeted work of the party leaders, legal experts and scholars on creating the first Soviet constitution. Later, its ideological content received normative consolidation in legislation. A symbolic reflection of revolutionary myth became the national holidays, demonstrations, cinematography and theatre, banners and other cultural phenomena that contributed to formation of the new civil consciousness. The authors trace the origin of the concept of “proletarian dictatorship”, as well as its further evolution in Lenin’s doctrine on the state. The description of symbolic practices of representation of ideological framework of the Soviet revolutionary regime allows demonstrating the practical implementation of the new type of constitutionalism – the Soviet. The article substantiates the gradual arrangement of the idea of “proletarian dictatorship” as a fundamental myth of the early Soviet State, as well as examines its visual and communicative aspects. The novelty of this historical-legal research is defined by the use of interdisciplinary approach and comprehensive analysis of the Soviet national ideology. The conclusion is made that the legal ideas contained in the Soviet constitutional doctrine proliferate and reproduce through large-scale cultural manifestations that create revolutionary institutions and examples of civil behavior. At the same time, the myth of “proletarian dictatorship” serves as distinct cultural foundation for the new political legal regime that expresses the essence of the Soviet constitutionalism.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Skrydlov A. —
Institutionalization of statistical science in universities of the Russian Empire (late XVIII – early XIX centuries)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 24 - 38.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.3.32372 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32372
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The object of this research is the process of institutionalization of statistical science in Russia in the early XIX century. The article examines the history of emergence within the structure of Russian universities of the corresponding departments and inclusion of statistical knowledge into lectures. The author analyzes the peculiarities of teaching statistical science in the Moscow, Kharkov, Kazan, and Saint Petersburg universities. Special attention is given to the activity of M. l. Magnitsky and D. P. Runich, which led to termination of the reputable scholars-statisticians from Kazan and Saint Petersburg universities. The research leans on the basic methods of historical science – problem-chronological for studying the time sequence of events; historical-genetic and historical comparative that allow studying the genesis and key stages of development of statistical education in the Russian universities. It is established that teaching statistics in form of political science initially appeared in the last third of the XVIII century in the Moscow University. Statistical courses were read upon personal initiative of the professors and were not established by the provisional “Project” of 1755. In their lectures, the first educators were guided by the experience of Göttingen University, which in the mid XVIII century became the center of the German school of political science. The university reform of 1802-1804 in Russia led to the creation of new system of higher education. In accordance with the norms of the Decrees of 1804, statistics was introduced into the curriculum of Russian universities for the first time. The article explores the key stages of organization of teaching statistics, such as unification of the content of lectures, publishing of course books, establishment of scientific schools.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
Senator E. N. Berendts on the work of the Governing Senate in the conditions of the revolutionary transformations of 1917
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 2.
– P. 32 - 39.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.2.35338 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35338
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The subject of the study was the updated part of the theoretical and legal heritage of the outstanding Russian lawyer of the late XIX - early XX century, professor, senator of the I Department of the Governing Senate Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts (1860-1930). In this article, the main attention was paid to the memoirs of E. N. Berendts about the work of the Governing Senate in the conditions of the revolutionary transformations of 1917, about the change in the system of public administration, about the transformations in the mechanism of the state in general and the state apparatus in particular, about the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II for himself and for the heir, about the legality of coming to power The Provisional Government. When writing the article, universal, general scientific (primarily systemic, structural and functional, modeling, forecasting methods), special (primarily sociological) and private (primarily formal legal, comparative legal, reconstruction and interpretation of legal ideas) methods were used. The scientific novelty is determined by the absence of comprehensive studies in domestic and foreign legal science devoted to the theoretical legacy of E. N. Berendts. The works of E. N. Berendts, which were not translated into Russian earlier, archival materials, which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, are used. For the first time in historical and legal science, the analysis of E. N. Berendts' views on the role and place of the Governing Senate of the Russian Empire in the mechanism of the state, on the problems of the revolutionary transformations of 1917 and the subsequent changes in the work and functional purpose of the Governing Senate, on the formation and activities of the Provisional Government was carried out
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krizhanovsky N.I., San'kova S.M. —
The impact of M. O. Menshikov's childhood upon the formation of his publicistic interests
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 9.
– P. 133 - 150.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.9.36474 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36474
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the early life of M. O. Menshikov – one of the ideologists of the Russian nationalism of the early XX century and leading publicist of the largest all-Russian newspaper “Novoe Vremya”. The goal consists in full reconstruction of the conditions of his childhood and early youth. The methods of deduction, induction, comparative and prospective analysis were used for reconstructing separate circumstances of the initial stage of development of Menshikov’s personality and holistic biographical picture. The synthesis of objective analysis of the facts with subjective assessments of the events described by Menshikov himself in his diaries and articles allowed depicting the external circumstances of his youth, as well as reconstruct the peculiarities of development of his inner world and social reflection. The conclusion is made that a range of the core themes of Menshikov's publicistic writing, which were covered in the newspaper “Nedelya” and later in “Novoe Vremya”, and ultimately brought him popularity, take roots in his childhood and early youth: “family relations”, “upbringing and education”, “pursuit of belonging”, “finding happiness through harmony with the world”. These topics were covered by Menshikov based on the rich life experience, a long path from the poor peasant family to the cadet of Naval Engineering School in Kronstadt. The fact that he was able to understand the problems of the commoners made him closer to the reader. The provided biography is currently the most detailed study of the early life of M. O. Menshikov's; many facts are introduced for the first time. The article also presents additional empirical material on the history of childhood, elementary and secondary education in Russia of the late XIX century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bakharev D.V. —
"It is impossible not only to provide for all the needs of places of detention caused by overcrowding, but also to feed prisoners": interdepartmental financial disputes on the eve of the birth of the Soviet camp system (1928-1929).
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 98 - 111.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.38344 EDN: FBDOFY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38344
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the financial and economic prerequisites of the hardware confrontation on the strategy and priorities of the development of the Soviet correctional labor system, observed at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. Archival documents of that era are analyzed, indicating that the NKVD of the RSFSR and its subordinate Main Directorate of places of detention in the specified period experienced an acute shortage of funds for the maintenance of constantly an increasing contingent of prisoners. The leadership of the People's Commissariat (V. N. Tolmachev) and GUMZ (E. G. Shirvindt) made significant hardware efforts to eliminate the shortage of monetary resources and, with the support of the SNK of the RSFSR, sometimes even acted bypassing the People's Commissariat of Finance of the RSFSR for these purposes. Therefore, including for this reason, it categorically refused to participate in the financing of measures to create new correctional labor camps under the auspices of the OGPU. At the same time, representatives of the NKVD opposed the very idea of expanding the camp system and transferring other categories of prisoners to the OGPU in addition to those convicted of counterrevolutionary crimes. The article also cites other archival documents, which, together with the rest of the sources analyzed in it, cast doubt on the well-established opinion that the head of the NKVD V. N. Tolmachev was one of the initiators of the project of transition to a mass system of camp organization of forced labor of prisoners in the USSR.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kotliar E.R., Khlevnoi V.A. —
Ethnic Cultural Codes in the Visual Semiosis of Crimea
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 34 - 48.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.38974 EDN: CWBGYC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38974
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is ethnic cultural codes that are broadcast in the visual semiosis of decorative and applied art and architecture of the Crimea. The object of the study is architecture and decorative and applied art of various ethnic groups of the Crimea. The research uses methods of semantic, semiotic and artistic analysis of traditional images, the method of analysis of previous studies, the method of synthesis in conclusions regarding the formation of a unified Crimean style in visual semiosis. In the study, the author considers aspects of the topic: morphology and semantics of the elements of the visual semiosis of the Crimea and their belonging to a particular code of ethnic cultures; polyethnicity in the formation of the Crimean style of architectural and subject decor. The emphasis is placed on the multiculturality of the Crimea in the process of forming a semiotic universe in the visual semiosis. The main conclusions of the study are:
1. Crimea is a multicultural ecumene due to its geographical location, the interaction of ethnic groups on its territory generated various cultural processes, ranging from reception to integration, which led to the formation of a unique Crimean style in the visual arts. The elements of this style were the details of the ethnic art of various peoples who inhabited the Crimea from the first centuries of our era to the present.
2. Ethnic cultural codes defining the identification of the presence of a certain national artistic culture in the unified Crimean semiosis of architecture and decorative and applied art are elements and symbols characteristic of the traditional semiosis of a particular ethnic group. Over time, they have changed and experienced mutual influence, but the most persistent of them are still identified as belonging to a certain national and/or religious culture.
3. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the author for the first time conducts a semantic analysis of pictorial symbols in the visual semiosis of Crimea, identifies individual ethnic cultural codes, analyzes their genesis, commonality and differences of elements as part of a single Crimean stylistics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zharova E. —
The Laws on the Awarding of Academic Degrees in the Russian Empire as the Reflection of Differentiation in Biological Sciences
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 236 - 272.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.438 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=438
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Abstract:
The process of formation, development and differentiation of biology sciences in the Russian empire is considered in terms of the laws on the awarding of academic degrees. Changes of the legislation in this area reflect not only the system of scientific certification, but also the formation of various branches of biology as the science that developed in the XIX century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikulin V.V. —
Justice and Politics: the Balance Between Politics and Law in the Soviet System of Punishment
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 59.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.5.747 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=747
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Abstract:
In this article conceptual views of theorists of Marxism-Leninism of a policy and right ratio are considered. The author of the article analyzes interrelation of the political doctrine of the Bolshevism with system of punishments, concrete manifestations of class policy in the system of punishments existing in the Soviet Russia in the 1920th years are shown. It is proved that in the Soviet Russia the politized right defined also class approach to definition of the principles of system of punishments. At class approach motivational action of punishment significantly decreased that inevitably influenced crime increase among "the classes". Steady templates of legal behavior, the relation to the law, generally nigilistic character were formed. The impunity and permissiveness atmosphere that conducted to the conflict of social behavior and a class association was created. It is claimed that the criminal and legal reform which is given out as revolutionary change of all criminal orientation of the Soviet right and law-enforcement system, embodied in UK RSFSR of 1926, didn't change essence of legal policy, having kept in it lines of the repressive character which has amplified to signs of legitimate terror in the late twenties. And emergency criminal measures of punishment came true various socially – the political significant reasons for a justification of ill treatment of own citizens.It is noted that the institute of legal responsibility in the Soviet Russia had unambiguously class character. It was considered to be the basis of legal responsibility not only an offense, but also socially dangerous condition of the personality. The nature of punishment in many respects was defined not by the principle of justice, and political purposefulness.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Barsukova E.A., Zhang Y. —
Proverbs and sayings in modern Chinese textbooks for studying Russian as a foreign language as tools of creating the image of Russia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 111 - 120.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.68988 EDN: DHAFKV URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68988
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Abstract:
In Russian as a foreign language textbooks, proverbs and sayings dedicated to Russian culture are often encountered. These fixed expressions enrich the foreign students’ associations with Russia and its people as well as comprehensively draw a truthful and vivid image of Russian culture, and enhance the students’ interest in studying the Russian language. In the present research, proverbs and sayings are considered not only as a culturological phenomenon but also as a means of shaping an image of Russia in Russian as a foreign language textbooks. The object of the study is the Russian proverbs and sayings in modern Chinese textbooks of Russian as a foreign language. The article examines the role of the Russian proverbs and sayings as the tools for creating the image of Russia in modern Chinese textbooks of Russian as a foreign language. The material of the paper consists of proverbs and sayings in the textbooks "Russian Language in Universities" published in China from 2008 to 2014. Using continuous sampling method, we have identified more than 250 Russian proverbs and sayings. The methodology of the work combines elements of comparative and content analysis of the source data. The scientific originality of the study involves identification of the structure of Russia’s image represented by the proverbs and sayings under consideration. The article identifies and analyzes the following components of the image of Russia created by proverbs: natural, historical images, images of spiritual culture and everyday life. Proverbs and sayings are a phenomenon of human existence, fragments and treasures of popular wisdom. They reflect the natural image, character, mentality, worldview of the people who created them, their traditions, customs, and history, etc. Considering both linguistic and extralinguistic factors, the author concludes that in modern Chinese textbooks of Russian as a foreign language, Russian proverbs and sayings have become effective and constructive means of stimulating rich associations about Russia among students, and they shape a typical natural image, a rich image of spiritual culture, multifaceted everyday life, and a comprehensive historical image of Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Strekalin A.V. —
Russian police science in persons: Viktor Viktorovich Ivankovsky
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 787 - 800.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16412 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16412
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The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Vitkor Viktorovich Ivankovsky (1854-1926); the establishment and evolution of his state-legal views; the scholar’s contribution into the development of the questions on the role and place of the government in the public life of Russia, on the place of the system of administrative-police institutions within the government, on the place of self-governance in the organization of life of the Russian society. The author makes an attempt of the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of V. V. Ivankovsky, focusing on the scholar’s examination of the problems of political science and the questions pertaining to the role of the administrative law in regulation of public relations. V. V. Ivankovsky appeared in the Russia’s historical-legal though as a prominent representative of Russian legal and sociological science of the late XIX and the early XX centuries; his theories and methodologies did not lose their relevance till the present times.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khaliulina A.I. —
Language and cultural development of Tatar minority in Bashkortostan
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 97 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.25881 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25881
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the language and cultural development of ethnic groups in the polynational region. The object of this research is the Tatars of Bashkortostan. The problems of ethnocultural development of Tatar language population in Bashkortostan in the late 1980’s have become an accelerator in creation of Tatar national cultural clubs and organizations, which raised concerns regarding the studying of Tatar language in schools of the Republic, creation of theatres and philharmonic halls in Tatar language districts, expansion of the mass media in Tatar language. Methodological foundation is the historical-chronological method that allows revealing the indicated processes in diachronic cut, as well as sociological method that views the language and cultural development of Tatar minority in polynational region in synchronic cut. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time with the attraction of normative document on language issues and results of sociological survey, an attempt was made to describe the language and cultural development of Tatar language population in Bashkortostan. A conclusion is made that all of the aforementioned problems to a certain extent were realized by the republican authorities, although some questions remained unnoticed and were not removed from the agenda. Among the paramount, in accordance with an opinion of Tatar intelligentsia, is recognition the Tatar as national language alongside the Bashkir and Russian. The author underlines that insufficient TV and radio coverage in Tatar language, as well as lack of organization of education in the native Tatar language. The listed problems have constantly been raised by the republican authorities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yunina E.A. —
To the question of use of the photographic materials in reconstruction of everyday life in Western Siberian province of the late XIX – early XX century, based on the example of regional photo collection
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 32 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28535 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28535
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The goal of this article is the synoptic characteristic of the photographed visual sources applied in the process of reconstruction of everyday life of the residents of Russian periphery, as well as models of everyday routine of the diverse social, professional and age groups of urban population of the late XIX – early XX century. For detailed and gradual examination of this topic, the range of sources was limited by photo collections of Tobolsk and Tyumen. This article is first to describe and introduce into the scientific discourse of the set of photos of several local collections preserved in the state museums, as well as private and family archives. Methodological foundation contains the principles of historical anthropology and visual history, combined with the micro-historical approach towards exploring the local photo collections of various types. Micro-historical approach is specified by studying the local collections, with application of systemic and structural-functional analysis, comprehensive and descriptive approaches, historical-typological method, as well as paramount in working with photo collections method of museum classification and attribution. The scientific novelty is defined by the use of photo documents as the backbone and independent sources in studying the history of everyday life of Western Siberian cities during the period of rapid growth of photographic industry in Russia, which fell on the turn of the XIX – XX centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ivlev N.N. —
Financial education in Chelyabinsk Region in the conditions of Great Patriotic War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 5.
– P. 16 - 26.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.5.29683 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29683
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Abstract:
This article examines the system of training and advanced training of personnel for financial institutions of Chelyabinsk Region during the Great Patriotic War. It is determined that the system of full-time educational establishments that prepared specialist for financial sector was destroyed at the beginning of the war, was destroyed and failed to provide the region with personnel. There was not a single educational establishment for preparing financial specialists. Mass conscription into the army, transfer of employees to defense factories, led to human resource crisis and threat to plans for mobilization of financial means. The author conclude that the way out of crisis situation with regards to shortage of personnel was found within the framework of the system of lectures, seminars and individual traineeship. Intensive work of financial branches and regional authorities allowed overcoming the human resource crisis by 1943, as well as retain financial stability in the region.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Samokhina N. —
Shambhala: Myth or Historical Mystery?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 33.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.243 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=243
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The present article is devoted to one of the most mysterious concepts in Eastern history and philosophy - the concept of Shambhala. Is it just a myth or is Shambhala not only a myth but also a hidden historical reality? In the XIX-XX centuries that ancient Indian concept was reinterpreted in the teachings of Theosophy and Agni Yoga by E. Blavatsky and the Roerich family. There have been debates regarding philosophical ideas that were introduced to the world culture by Blavatsky and the Roerich. The present article provides a comprehensive analysis of the facts relating to the legendary spiritual abode of the East; the facts demonstrate that the allegations of the real existence of Shambhala could be a reality.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikulin V.V. —
Social and Legal Aspects of Anti-Corruption Enforcement in the Soviet Russia (the 1920th)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 24 - 61.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.1.749 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=749
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The author of the article investigates the experience of fight against corruption in the Soviet Russia in the 1920th years against the developed new economic relations (New Economic Policy) and the analysis of legislative and law-enforcement actions of the power counteracting. The main attention is paid to counteraction to bribery, as to the most characteristic manifestation of corruption. Various aspects of manifestations of bribery and specific actions of the authorities on its minimization are considered. It is claimed that experience of fight against corruption in the 1920th years testifies that, despite drastic legislative measures, corruption in the form of bribery appeared the unbeaten phenomenon of the Soviet-Russian reality, remaining the most essential component of nomenclature crime. Is shown that corruption changed and continued to exist. The bribe during strengthening of fight against it becomes latent, sophisticated, with attraction of the whole chain of intermediaries and use of the hidden methods of receiving. The conclusion that corruption was in many respects generated by the system is drawn and "military and bureaucratic dictatorship" generated them. Dictatorship promoted development of psychology of impunity of the nomenclature, aggravated with system of its withdrawal from punishment, destruction morally - moral principles of society that led to elimination of constraining motives of behavior. The situation was aggravated with low cultural level in the mass of the Soviet officials, the mutual responsibility reigning in the nomenclature environment, negative attitude to the law and confidence that received material benefits from a held post – deserved remuneration of the winner. Without having before revolution in what Russia - or especially recognized high situation, Bolsheviks, having come to the power, reached the highest position in the Russian society. Is shown as the consciousness of own exclusiveness easily turned into permissiveness. Situation was aggravated with lack of independent judicial system that generated low efficiency of national vessels, corruption of judges didn't allow to use the most important principle of punishment – its inevitability, to use all legal potential of the prevention and bribery eradication. The author comes to a conclusion about need for fight against corruption of application of a package of measures of legal, economic, moral character is constant and precautionary influencing potential corrupt officials.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khristinich I.V. —
Execution of the Fire Safety Law Under the Prosecutor's Supervision Over 300 Years
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 60 - 71.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.5.9243 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9243
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Abstract:
It is well known that the prosecution authorities have started to significantly influence the level of legitimacy in Russia since the very moment those authorities were created. Prosecutors deal with all legal spheres of life activities including fire safety. In the pre-revolutionary Russia fire safety was already controlled by prosecutors along with the issues of national security. The main goal was to inform the authorities about all incidents of fire and fire safety measures. In the pre-revolutionary period all fire safety agencies and organizations were under the supervision of prosecution agencies.
The main regulatory and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the USSR describe the following directions of prosecution supervision in the sphere of fire safety: supervision of the execution of laws by administrative agencies conducting preventive maintenance and fire safety investigations, control over the execution of orders and instructions and supervision of the execution of laws on responsibility for violation of fire safety rules.
Based on this insight into the history, the author of the article makes a conclusion that as an independent activity, prosecutor's supervision over the execution of fire safety rules started to form at the post-socialist period of Russian history.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korolev A.A., Mol'kin A.N., Vazerova A.G. —
Activity Performed by the Soviet Evangelican Christians and Baptists in the Second Half of the 1940 - 1960th (the Case of the Penza Region)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 2.
– P. 106 - 119.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.2.10321 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10321
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Object of research is the functioning of the religious organizations of evangelical Christians and Baptists andinteraction between the government and associations of the Evangelican Christians and Baptists Union in the second half of 1940 - 1960 in the Penza region.Territorial framework of research is defined by the Penza region, typical regional formation of the Central Russia. The main tendencies in activity of confessional associations, as a whole, evangelical Christians and Baptists, in particular, foldings and developments of the relations of the state and religious formations in scales of all country are rather accurately traced on the example of the Penza region, having thus the specifics. Besides, this territorial framework corresponds to borders of the modern Penza region. As a teoretiko-methodological basis of research the principles of objectivity were chosen; historicism; the systemacities, the full account social and subjective in an object of research and the greatest possible neutralization of the prejudiced relation of the scientist at interpretation and an assessment of the facts. The principles of social and psychological approach and the principle of a correctness and tactfulness in an assessment of the actual material as feature of religious practice of evangelical Christians baptists I was rather strong moral and ethical a component of its participants were as far as possible applied. Novelty is that activity of religious associations of evangelical Christians and Baptists in the Penza region in the 1945-1960th in various directions - involvement of new believers is for the first time studied, increases in commission of cult ceremonies, improvements of personnel structure of presviter, expansions of material base of communities, activization of administrative practice, etc.; the mechanism of relationship of power structures and groups of evangelical Christians and Baptists in a sotsioistorichesky foreshortening is studied.Conclusions:- activity of religious groups of evangelical Christians and Baptists of the Penza edge reflected the characteristic regularities inherent in confessional practice of the USSR in 1945-1960: strengthening of social and material positions during the post-war period, deterioration of position of evangelical Christians and Baptists in the late fifties, etc.;- regional religious communities of evangelical Christians and Baptists in all measure felt on themselves pressure of state and church policy during the studied period – a rigid regulation of activity of religious associations, large-scale scientific and atheistic work, control of observance of performance of the legislation on cults, restriction of financial activity of religious groups, etc.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ufimtseva E.V. —
Genesis of the system of law in Russian jurisprudence in the second part of the XIX - beginning of the XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 332 - 354.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.14446 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14446
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The article is devoted to characteristic of domestic lawyers’ and historians’ of the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries theoretical views about internal structure of Russian law, its analysis and description in connection with development of the conception of branch structure of domestic law in Russian jurisprudence in 1930-1950th. The author defines the concept “branch of law” which is using in modern conception of brunch structure of the system of law in contrast with some similar concepts of domestic jurisprudence of the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries. Besides criteria of the distribution of legal rules between different elements of structure of law in accordance with views of domestic lawyers and historians in the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are described in this article too. The author was using general and specifically law methods and scientific approaches in writing of the article such as: methods of analysis and synthesis, method of abstraction, comparative jurisprudence method, historical and systematic approaches. The author describes the genesis of concept “branch of law” in domestic jurisprudence from beginning of the second part of the XIX century and characterizes criteria of the emergence of branches of law which were used by Russian theorists of this period of time, and the connection of these criteria with modern theoretical views about the system and structure of law. Besides the role of codification of legislation as one of the most important factors of development and organize of internal content of the system of law is described in the article too.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tsendrovskiy O. —
The evolution of theory and practice of PR in the history of social communication
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 279 - 337.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.16301 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16301
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Abstract:
The author of the article attempts to determine the concept of the phenomenon of “public relations” and its internal borders, as well as to demonstrate its historical development and place within the modern society. For this purpose, the following goals are set: to gradually expound the history of persuasive communication and its main instruments (advertising, propagation, PR); during the course of the historical-social research, to revise and correct their definitions and common understanding; as a result of the analysis of the current state of social communication, to give practical recommendations for the advertising and PR and, as well as the forecast of their development in the nearest future. The author’s main contribution consists in postulating of the multi-component nature of public relations, which despite the absolutely predominant opinion, cannot be reduced to a single foundation. The author formulates three independent elements of public relations: informative, suggestive, and adaptive; and describes their origin, specificity, and concept. The author claims that the initial instrument of PR – the creation of special events with the powerful dramatic layer of semantics that are interesting and entertaining – gains a great significance and advantage over all other ways of communicational influence under the conditions of prevalence of the virus model of spreading information (horizontally, from user to user).
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yakimov K.A. —
Peculiarities of the political education in Komsomol during the period of 1937-1938
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 148 - 165.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.17469 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17469
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Abstract:
The relevance of this research is substantiated by the necessity of historical cognition of the role of Komsomol in political education of the youth. Based on the materials of the State Archive of the Sociopolitical History of Tambov Oblast, this article examines such compositional elements of political upbringing as participation of Komsomol members in the work regarding the struggle against the “public enemy”, well as anti-religious and educational activity of the Komsomol organizations. The author conducts the analysis of the impact of political education upon the formation of specific feature of the Soviet youth, as well as gives assessment to the quality of education in political schools and groups. The article also examines the influence of political upbringing on the character of public moods of the youth, which allows more objectively evaluate the sociocultural phenomenon of the Komsomol. The scientific novelty consists in reframing of the controversial sociopolitical moods of the youth during the most difficult stage in the history of Komsomol. The author underlines the influence of Komsomol organization in the field of political education and upbringing of the young generation upon the establishment of specific features among the Soviet youth.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khusyainov T.M. —
Siege coins of the Polish Zamość Fortress minted during the siege by the Russian army in 1813
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 107 - 117.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.17645 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17645
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Abstract:
This article examines the unique for Polish numismatics case of minting the siege coins (second after besieging Gdansk by the army of Stephen Báthory in 1577). The author briefly reviews the circumstances, under which took place the siege of the Zamość Fortress in 1813, during the period of Napoleonic Wars, namely the retreat of the Great Army of Napoleon and advance of the Russian Empire army (foreign crusades). Under the conditions when all the cash money were spent for the needs of defenders of the fortress, the commander of the defending fortress M. Hauge made a decision on the emission of private coin. This work is based on in the materials on history and numismatics, examples of the coins, as well as Polish, American, and Russian sources. Despite all of the efforts to eliminate, the coins of Zamość Fortress held its place in the body of coins and medals of the period of Napoleonic Wars, and became an important national heritage and patriotic symbol, memory for the future generations about the heroic defense. The coins minted during the siege of Zamość Fortress in 1813 are the second (after the siege of Gdansk in 1577) and the last case of the siege coins in Polish numismatic, which is especially interesting for the research.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
P'yankov S.A. —
The Ural agricultural societies in the late XIX – early XX centuries: the process of establishment, functions and social structure
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 137 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20218 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20218
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Abstract:
This article based on the data of the administrative statistics, country documentation management, and periodical materials, analyzes the mechanisms of organization of the agricultural societies in the Ural region. The author presents the dynamics of formation of the agricultural societies in Russia, as well as demonstrates the place of Ural governorates in this process. The social structure of the founders and rankers of the public associations are being examined. Based on the example of separate societies, the work analyzes the vectors of the work, number of the participants and areas of their activity, ways and nature of interaction with the representatives of authorities and local self-governance. Special attention is focused on the role of county agricultural personnel, which is one of the main actors in the process of establishment of the agricultural societies in the Ural region. The author makes a conclusion that the agricultural societies were in the sphere of influence of the agricultural services of the government and county council. The growth in the number of agricultural societies was not directly linked to the high social activity of the peasant population, and in many ways acted as the result of the reformation process in agricultural sphere from the outside. The established as the result of the external influence agricultural societies performed the interlink function between the agriculturists and peasantry, playing the role of re-translators of the new production technologies.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mamychev A.Y. —
Formation of the tradition of archetypal research of public-authority organization
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 98 - 106.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.21077 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21077
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Abstract:
Formation of the tradition of archetypal research of public-authority organization
The subject of this research is the historical-political examination of the process of establishment and ideological-conceptual evolution of the notion of “archetype”, as well as the comprehensive analysis of formation of the archetypal tradition of cognition of the grounds of public-authority organization. The article substantiates the fact that the relevance and demand of the study of archetypal grounds is associated with the reconstruction of adequate to society forms of political-legal organization, as well as sustainable directions on institutional-authority development. In addition to that, the author underlines that within the history of political and legal thought there are various traditions of archetypal research, which are not reduced to just a single theoretical-conceptual format – analytical psychology that discovers the new heuristic opportunities in examination of the sustainable components of sociocultural evolution of the public-authority organization. The methodological and theoretical foundation is mostly based on developments on the area of political science, history of political teachings that belong to the Russian and foreign specialists, as well as separate positions of the theory of archetypes and political anthropology. The scientific novelty of this work consists in systematization and substantial interpretation of the fundamental directions in development of the archetypal traditions that ate based on the diverse worldview, philosophical, mythological, religious, and other grounds. The article proves that the ideas on the unified archetypal tradition, which originates from Plato and continues to the modern socio-humanitarian discourse, are erroneous. In reality, there are different ideological-conceptual vectors of understanding and interpretation of the concept of “arche”, which is associated with the establishment of a special direction in research of the in-depth foundations of social organization and political-legal thinking activity. At the same time, in this multiplicity of archetypal traditions, it is possible to highlight and conceptualize the core ideas, concurrent interpretations, as well as similar forms of cognition of the hidden and meaningful foundations of society, state, authority, and politics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikolaev E.N. —
New materials on ferrous metallurgy of Yakuts in the XV-XVII centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 16 - 23.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28355 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28355
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Abstract:
This article contains the materials of excavations of the metallurgy production sites. Records of iron smelting were discovered in the territory of 2nd Zhemkonsky Nasleg of Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The explored objects represent a set of smelters for bloomery process. During the field season of 2017, the indicated objects were explored by the archeological expedition of Institute of Humanitarian Research and Indigenous Peoples of the North of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Three metallurgical complexes that contained smelting furnace and slag wastes were inspected. Methodological foundation contains theoretical insights into the research of the traditional economic and cultural complexes and industrial arts, based on the general scientific principles of historicism, systematicity and scientific objectivity. The scientific novelty consists in closing the existing historiographical gap, associated with insufficiency of target-oriented research of metallurgical production of Yakutia. The author describes the defining characteristics of the explored metallurgical furnaces, as well as provides the schematic reconstruction. Based on radiocarbon dating of samples, the time of existence of smelter constructs was determined. The acquired data allow concluding that the ancient metallurgies of Yakutia in the XV-XVII centuries used the small adobe furnaces with stone facing, built inside the piled elevation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Makeeva V.I. —
Greek demons who murdered children
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 7.
– P. 54 - 68.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.7.36131 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36131
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Abstract:
This article describes the Ancient Greek mythological characters who were attributed with murdering children: Lamia (Λάμια), Mormo (μορμώ) and Gello (γελλώ).The ssuperstitions associated with these demons remain in Greece to this day, although their images have undergone certain transformation. The object of this research is the mythological representations of the Ancient Greeks, while the subject is demons who murdered children. The goal of this article is to determine the role of children's horror stories in life of the Ancient Greek society. The author reviews the facts testifying to the existence of characters as Lamia, Mormo, Gello and Empusa in the Greek and Roman texts, as well gives characteristics to their images based on the comparative analysis. The conducted analysis reveals the common traits of the demons who murdered children: frightening appearance, combination of human and animal traits, ability to transform, identification with Hecate, as well as the story of the failed motherhood underlying the history of emergence of the demon. The key functions of these mythological characters consisted in explanation of the sudden infant and maternal mortality typical to the ancient times, as well as teaching children and adults a lesson. The first could be frightened with such stories, and the latter had to learn from the tale that demonstrates the harm of reckless following the temptations or refusal of fulfilling the prescribed social roles, socially acceptable behavior.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I. —
Tomsk Villages in the 1900s-1920s: Dynamics of Population and Size
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 49 - 58.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.38988 EDN: FILKHH URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38988
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Abstract:
The article gives a comparative description of the development of the rural settlement network of the Tomsk county/district in three time slices: for 1904, 1911 and 1926. The object of the study is a network of rural settlements of the named sub–region, the subject is their number, typical structure and size in terms of the number of yards and the number of inhabitants. The author uses historical-comparative, historical-typological and problem methods of research, as well as the method of graphical visualization of the statistical data obtained on the development of the Tomsk settlement network. The influence of political, socio-economic and other factors on the state of the network of rural settlements is traced. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the "Lists of Populated places", which have become the main source for studying rural settlements of the county/district under consideration, the dynamics of their number, number and population are investigated, qualitative changes in the structure of the settlement network are revealed. The conclusion is made about the gradual expansion of the scale of the rural settlement network in the Tomsk subregion, the reduction of the yard and the population of the Tomsk village by 1926, its unbundling. Attention is focused on structural changes in the settlement network caused by the new agrarian and resettlement policy of the state, as well as the economic and socio-cultural modernization of the country and its individual territories.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mol'kin A.N. —
Some Aspects of the 'Revival' of Islam in Russia (the Case of the Penza Region)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 2.
– P. 120 - 130.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.2.10335 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10335
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Abstract:
Object of research - the reasons and prerequisites (internal and external), forms of manifestation of a phenomenon of Islamic "revival" in the USSR / Post-Soviet Russia (activization of confessional practice of Muslims - increase in ceremonialism, growth of number of petitions from believers in various instances, etc., restoration of mosques, training of new shots of attendants of an Islamic cult, formation of system of Islamic education and education, etc.) at regional level - in the Penza region in the late eighties - the 1990th. As a teoretiko-methodological basis of research the principles were chosen: a) objectivity; b) historicism; c) systemacities, d) the objective account social and personal in an object of research and the most possible neutralization of the subjective relation of the researcher at an assessment and interpretation of the facts. Except the methodological principles in work the special and historical principles were used: comparative-historical, updatings, problem and chronological, diakhronny; also general scientific principles: structural and system, statistical, the classifications, allowed to analyse evolution of the state and Islamic relations to consider ñîâåòñêî / the Russian Moslem in a complex of its components, to analyze and compare various data for determination of the main features and intrinsic characteristics.New sources have been introduced in science and and that allowed to draw the following conclusions:- process of basic changes begins with the middle of the 1980th in the USSR in a context of reorganization in the relations between the state and church, limits on activity of the confessional associations, operating for many years that created conditions for active involvement of believing citizens and their religious organizations in social and economic and spiritual life of the country were gradually lifted. In the second half of the 1980th considerable surge in religiousness in the country, caused, first of all, by crisis of the Russian society - social, economic, political and moral was observed. Besides, a certain role in this phenomenon was played by discredit and withdrawal pains dominating in the society of socialist ideals and values. Change of a vector of cultural and moral reference points in mass consciousness of the population promoted revaluation of a role and a religion place in society, positioning it, first of all, as a phenomenon of world and national culture, as a moral support of society. Serious value had also crash of system of atheistic education. However deideologization process in the country went very roughly, the Soviet management had no accurate program and in general understanding of democratization of the country. Contacts of the state and confessional associations, including Muslim, often had spontaneous character, were under the influence of tactical political situations and sometimes personal interests.
- from the 1990th the process of Islamic "revival" that was expressed, first of all, in growth of religious consciousness, active revival of Islamic ceremonialism, increase in quantity of mosques, folding of system of religious education, etc. began. The impulse to the Islamic Renaissance was external and was a consequence, first of all, activity of the secular authorities, on the one hand, and weakening of the central power in the years of reorganization, with another.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Sources of Personal Origin: Definition, Place and Role in Studying the History of State and Legal Phenomena
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 60 - 93.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11431 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11431
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Abstract:
The main theme of the present research article is the place and role of sources of personal origin in historical studies and legal studies. This is one of the least investigated questions in historical and legal studies. Reflection of one's personality and epoch, events and relations between participants of these events complete historical studies of state and legal phenomena which other carriers of historical information can't do. The author of the present research article focuses on current researches of source studies in different spheres of social studies and appeals to the theory and practice of using sources of personal origin in studying the legal development of the society. Research methodology is based on the analysis of traditional approaches to using personal perception in creating the image of the past. The scientific importance and novelty of the article is that the author discusses the role and place of personal experience as the historical sources in studying state and legal phenomena. The author of the article also analyzes special features of this carrier of historical information from the point of view of using this method in research work conducted by a historian and a lawer.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sokolova E.S. —
The law as it is fortecia truth": on the theoretical and practical foundations of the legislative policy of Peter the Great
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 345 - 366.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.15151 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15151
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the problem of identifying the basic concepts of legal strategy Peter I in the field of rule of law. Peter's model of legitimacy for a long time was estimated in historiography as the uncritical borrowing of educational traditions of German Protestantism excluding old legislative realities that took place in lawmaking the first Romanovs. Shows the relationship between the legislative ideas of Peter's time with government initiatives of the preceding period, aimed at strengthening the socio-political image of autocratic power. Contrary to the opinion of the mediated mode of legality in the first quarter of XVIII century Northern war legislative policy of Peter I is seen as a means of filling institutional voids", which created an obstacle to the effective implementation of autocratic paradigm of Supreme power. Special attention is paid to the question of the degree of influence of the old traditionalism to regulate the relations of nationality in Petrovsky variant "legitimate monarchy". On the basis of a comparison of a number of inscribed decrees of the turn of the XVII – XVIII centuries, followed by the legislative strategy of Peter the great, providing an overall obligation to it's personal orders, the conclusion about the presence of pronounced imbalances between the ideologeme of "state interests", "particular" needs of estates and formal test of the rule of law in favor of the personal will of the Emperor-autocrat.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kulikov E.A. —
N. Y. Danilevsky civilizational approach towards the typology of states within the history of Russian legal thought
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 479 - 508.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16042 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16042
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Abstract:
The subject of the conducted research is the political legal doctrine of the prominent Russian thinker of the XX century Nikolay Yakovlevich Danilevsky. The author analyzes the civilizational approach towards the typology of societies and states, which for the first time in the history of global thought was developed by this scholar in his fundamental work “Russian and Europe: Look Upon the Cultural and Political Relations of Slavic Word with Romano-Germanic”. The attention is given namely to the political legal component of the aforementioned approach. The author examines the essence of N. Y. Danilevsky’s outlook and pursues a certain correlation between his approach and the approach of K. N. Leontyev and Eurasians. The author gives a detailed characteristic to the scientific approach of N. Y. Danilevsky towards the typology of states. Often, within the Russian juridical literature, it is forgotten that namely this thinker was the first to develop such approach 50-60 years ahead of his colleagues. In addition to that, the author compares N. Y. Danilevsky approach with K. N. Leontyev approach and reveals the distinctive and general features.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ryabkova O.A. —
Siberian «Regionalists» (A. P. Shchapov, G. N. Potanin, N. M. Yadrintsev) On The Situation Of The Peoples Of Siberia In The Russian Empire
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 252 - 259.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.18896 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18896
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This article explores the poinst of view of historians of the second half of the XIX century, representatives of the regional history" concept, pertaining to the status of the people of Siberia during its colonization and their inclusion into the population of the Russian State. The ideas of the Siberian "regionalists" on the status of Siberian residents as a part of the Russian Empire represent a great scientific interest. The foundation for the analysis consists of the works of A.P. Shchapov, G.N. Potanin, M.N. Yadrintsev dedicated to this topic. The article gives attention to the interaction between the Russian and Siberian ethnic groups, processes of assimilation, population decline, provision of civil rights to Siberian population, alongside their education. The author determines the role and significance of the Siberian intelligentsia in solution of the problems of indigenous population. In this context, the positive and the negative impact of colonization policy of the Russian State upon the development of the population Siberia is being examined.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khotko S.K. —
Circassia in the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578-1591
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.19792 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19792
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the process of Circassia’s involvement into the sphere of the military-political influence of Ottoman Empire throughout the XVI century. The highest level of integration of the Circassian political space into the Ottoman Empire was achieved during the 1570’s. In the long Ottoman–Safavid War (1578-1591), Circassia appeared as a regional ally, by providing the Ottoman Empire with its territory, manpower and material resources. The author underlines that during this timeframe there was a noticeable political convergence between the Circassian principalities with the Ottoman Empire and Crimean Khanate. Such phenomenon was a result of the Russia-Circassia military-political alliance (1552-157), which in turn was caused by the Crimean Khan Sahib I Giray’s military campaigns (1539, 1545, and 1551). Among the main conclusions of this research are the following: 1) a rapid decrease in intensity and political significance of the connections between the principalities of the Western Circassia and Moscow after the year 1562, and Eastern Circassia in 1570; 2) the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578-1591 became an important milestone in establishment of the Ottoman sovereignty over Circassia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Akishin M.O. —
State reforms and legal language of the Russian Empire of the XVIII century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 51 - 72.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20072 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20072
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Abstract:
This article examines the impact of state-legal reformations upon the development of the legal language of the Russian Empire of the XVIII century. The author performs an analysis of the Romano-Germanic doctrines of the Renaissance era with regards to the development of the state and law of Russia through the prism of the language borrowings. The article reviews the state-legal policy in the area of language relations, changes in the language of legislation, establishment of the conceptual apparatus of law, language of the official clerical correspondence and judicial procedures, as well as the influence of legal science upon the development of the theory of legal language in the Russian Empire. It is determined that the establishment of the enlightened absolutism and the state of the early New Times had impact upon the development of Russian language. The law in the modern essence becomes the essential source of law. Certain requirements to the language are being formulated in the lawmaking process. The author highlights the establishment of terminology and terminological system of legal language; the legal notions attain the legal definitions. The formation of legal science led to the development of the theory of legal language; the dictionaries of the XVIII century were comprised by the renowned Russian scholars and public figures. It is noted that Russia has formed the tradition of the doctrinal definitions of legal concepts, which were endowed with substantial authority.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mistryugov P.A. —
State policy of provisional government and Soviet power with regards to former servicemen of Russian public and political police over the period of March 1917 – December 1921 (on the materials of Samara province)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 10.
– P. 14 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.10.26167 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26167
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The subject of this research is the examination of policy of the provisional government and Soviet power with regards to policemen, gendarmes and secret police. The author considers such aspects of the topic as the measures of local authorities taken towards them, analyzes the vectors of state policy, means and methods of its implementation, as well as response of the communities in which the “former” served prior to being arrested. Relevance of the article lies in the fact that the problem of actual rather than mythologized political measures, applied towards the representatives of the annihilated law enforcement structures of imperial power at the local level, remains insufficiently studied. The scientific novelty is defined by the poorly studied problematic, which includes the previously unexamined questions on the political corrective measures towards servicemen of the imperial law enforcement structures over the period of 1917-1921; the acquired results of its study; and the sources introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kosykh E.S. —
Legal aspects of the Soviet concession policy of the 1920’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 38 - 44.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.9.27384 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27384
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the legal aspects of the Soviet concession policy of the 1920’s. The research is conducted through examination of the materials from central archives. It is noted that the goal of concession policy was to create the favorable investment climate for attracting foreign capital to the Soviet economy. The author underlines the concession agreement was a special agreement allowing the derogation from the Soviet legislation to the benefit of foreign entrepreneurs. Concession signified that the laws on state monopoly for development of mineral resource, conduct of foreign trade, ban or restrictions to hiring workforce, etc. did not apply to some of the entrepreneurs. The use of comparative-historical and problematic-chronological methods allowed determining the peculiarities of legal regulation of foreign concessions in the 1920’s. The scientific novelty lies in demonstration of strong correlation between the political and economic tasks in the policy of Soviet State pertinent to foreign concessions. This correlation was clearly traced in legal regime of a concessionary company. Property of concessionary enterprise was owned by the state; a concessioner was merely a hirer. The legislation provided the state with the right to control the production activity of the concession, and prematurely terminate the contract at any time. Most of the concession agreements were terminated at the government’s initiative and without compensation. Only those, close to the Soviet elites, received a partial compensation for the losses. Concession existed for as long as the government was interested in it for any reasons of international, foreign economic, or domestic economic character.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sutyagina O.A. —
Trade advertising of Siberian merchants during the 1880’s (based on the materials of “Siberian Newspaper”)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 4.
– P. 71 - 85.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.4.29890 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29890
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The object of this research is the entrepreneurial activity of Siberian merchants. The subjects is the advertisements placed in the “Siberian Newspaper” as a reflection of professional activity of Siberian entrepreneurs. The goal consists in the analysis of information contents of the advertisements, determine the peculiarities and main types of merchant advertising. The article reveals the key advertising providers, as well as marketing strategies applied by the merchants for sales increase. Analysis is conducted on the groups of advertised goods and services based on studying the materials of “Siberian Newspaper”. In the course of research, the methods of content analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction were implemented. The scientific novelty lies in the first ever content analysis of trade advertising of Siberian merchants using the advertisements from the “Siberian Newspaper”. The conclusion is made on the importance of advertisements as a source on the history of Siberian merchantry that allows determining the prices that were set, the goods that were sold, outlining he scheme of commercial relations of Siberian merchantry, and fill the gaps pertinent to separate merchants.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sumenkov S., Sumenkova M. —
Efficiency of the concept of state policy for prevention alcoholism among population of the Russian Federation: historical-legal analysis
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 9.
– P. 32 - 39.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.9.30804 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30804
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The goal of this research is to analyze the efficiency of state regulation of the production and consumption of alcohol in Russian since the end of the XIX century until present, as well as develop practical recommendations aimed at the improvement of anti-alcohol policy. The relevance of this work is defined by the variety of interests and needs of people, impossibility of their total isolation from it, as well as the balance between the financial profit of the producers of alcohol beverages and government’s concern for public health. The object of this research is the social relations emerged on the basis of production and consumption of alcohol. Dialectical materialism was selected as the basic research method for more in-depth understanding of the essence and designation of legal regulation of alcohol consumption founded on rationalization of the presence of alcohol in different spheres of people’s life. Alcohol consumption and fight against alcoholism are the coexisting in unity and battle opposites, inseparable, but simultaneously mutually cancelling and intertwined phenomena. The use of statistical method allows correlating the quantitative and qualitative impact of alcohol consumption with the demographic situation. The scientific novelty consists in articulation of the problem on the efficiency of measures for regulation of alcohol consumption, as well as proposed methods for its optimization. The authors examine the questions of the efficiency of state regulation of the production and consumption of alcohol. Leaning on the historical material, the article analyzes the specificities of the current concept on reducing alcohol consumption. The authors summarize the experience on the fight against alcohol abuse in the imperial, Soviet and modern Russia; as well as substantiate the necessity of introduction of state monopoly on the production and sales of alcohol.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Akimova T.M. —
Women's issue at the dawn of establishment of civil society in Vladimir Governorate (February – October 1917)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 10.
– P. 76 - 90.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.10.34182 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34182
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Abstract:
This article explores the establishment of civil society in Vladimir Governorate between the February and October Revolutions of 1917. Women for the first time became legally its full-fledged subject. Based on the documents preserved in the State Archive of Vladimir Region, State Archive of the Russian Federation, press materials (newspapers “Staryi Vladimirets”, “Vladimirskaya Zhizn”, "Svobodny Muromsky Golos”), the author examines the perception of the political events of that time by women of the governorate; outlines the urgent problems that women were concerned with; describes attitude towards the received suffrage and areas of manifestation of their social activity; as well as perception of the new in women’s rights by male part of the population. After the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia, the important steps were taken towards establishment of civil society with women being its full-fledged subject. Among the residents were not engaged in the revolutionary movement, most activity demonstrated the townswomen. They supported the implementation of universal suffrage, created women's communities, and participated in the discussion of urgent problems. Peasant women were mainly concerned with survivability of their families during difficult times. They were not familiar with the political life of the country and governorate, and unaffected by electoral campaigns into the district self-governance. This was justified by their tough financial situation, patriarchal structure in families, and lack of education.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krichevtsev M.V. —
Life sentence as a type of criminal punishment in France of the late XVIII – early XIX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 96 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.34714 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34714
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This article questions the opinion established in modern French historiography on implementation of life sentence as a criminal punishment under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte (in accordance with the Criminal Code of 1810). Leaning on examination of legislative, policy drafting, and court materials, the author traces the evolution of the system of criminal penalties associated with incarceration. and determines the role of life sentence therein – since the adoption of first criminal laws in the era Great Revolution until the revision Napoleonic Criminal Code in 1832, and the court of Peers under Louis-Philippe I. The acquires materials demonstrate that after long absence of the Consulate and Early Empire in the time of Revolution, life sentence was envisaged by the Criminal Code of 1810 as an alternative measure to penal servitude for life or deportation (for criminals of senior age), rather than an separate type of criminal punishment. Reference to the practice of the court of Peers during the Restoration and the July Monarchy suggests that life sentence became a separate type of criminal punishment only with the advent of verdict passed by Peers with regards to 1830 case of former ministers. This sentence was based on the combination of legislative and court functions in actions of the Chamber of Peers as higher justice authority, and thus was of constitutive nature. The conclusion is made that the implementation of life sentence in French criminal law should be attributed to the time of the July Monarchy rather than the ruling of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
van Haaske L.A. —
Accusatory discourse of the Salem witch trial: the experience of imagological analysis
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 2.
– P. 34 - 46.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.2.35055 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35055
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The object of this research is the imagery underlying the accusation of witchcraft within the framework of the Salem witch trial (colonial Massachusetts, 1692). The author reviews the imagery that is directly related to the witchcraft discourse, as well as the general principles of accusations of witchcraft. Emphasis is placed on the impact of such imagery upon the collective consciousness of the Puritan community in North America in the XVII century. Special attention is turned to the mythological symbols reflected in the discourse of justice. The article is prepared within the framework of the authorial project on studying the influence of the imagery of fear on social behavior in history. The fact of randomness of accusations was established. The leading imagery, which was the cause for the accusation of witchcraft, is revealed. The ultimate role of fear of supernatural influence in this trial is recognized. The author notes the prime importance of fear as an actor of collective action and the importance of studying this phenomenon in the context of historical science. The conclusion is drawn on impossibility of interpretation of the Salem trial as an instance of aggression towards the persons who have a special (socioeconomic, religious, or marginal) status within the community. The novelty of this research consists in the use of formal legal sources in the analysis of cultural space in the imagological context.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Verchenko A.L. —
Xinhai Revolution in China: the new approaches to old traditions
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 191 - 235.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.374 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=374
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Abstract:
After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 China struggled for the extirpation of customs and traditions, which hindered development of the country. Some of them like “lotus feet”, weddings on the will of the parents or fortuneteller’s advises or divorce prohibition were just prejudices in the minds of people. Others like wearing braids as a sign of submission to the Emperor of a foreign dynasty Qing were considered as derogation of the dignity of state. The thirds like smoking opium threatened the nation’s existence.
The lack of education, adherence to the old days and rituals established by the ancestors, the unwillingness of the ruling classes to lose this kind of leverage to keep the power – all these factors hindered the struggle of the progressive forces against the old ways.
The important role in the struggle against the vestiges of the past was played by the first president of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen, who during his rather short term of ruling has managed to introduce a new Western calendar, to adopt a decree on the elimination of the use of opium, foot-binding, men wearing braids, etc.
The changes took place with difficulty, causing resistance of traditionalists and lasted for many years, demonstrating that any change should take place slow, taking into account national psychology of the people, only then they will be irreversible.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bugai N.F., Chebotareva V.G. —
Chapters of History of German Peasantry in Russia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 1.
– P. 70 - 128.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.1.603 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=603
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Abstract:
The article reveals certain chapters in history of German peasantry in Russia, from involvement of German labour resources pursuant to the Manifesto of Ekaterina II (in 1973) until events of the XX century. Based on the analysis of documents, the authors of the article study participation of German peasants in the land development at the Volga Region and Novorossiysk Region during the XIX century and development of land resources in Kazakhstan during the XX century. Special attention is paid at active participation of Soviet germans in developing economy of the Soviet Union during 1940 - 1980. Previous articles were mostly devoted to forced migration of Soviet germans but in this article the authors focus on their life style in Siberia and Far North as well as Kazakhstan and Middle Asia. The authors describe their role and contribution to development of the economic potentials and spirits in the region. The authors provide names of Germans who were involved in different fields of industrial production, agriculture, state management, education, health care and sport.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sevryukov D.S. —
Features of formation of the judiciary in the development and adoption of the Constitution of the USSR in 1936
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 651 - 671.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.14460 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14460
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the set of normative legal acts regulating the formation of judges of courts of general jurisdiction in the Russian Federation. The author explores not only regulations, but also archival sources. The paper makes an interesting conclusions, allowing the show features of the procedure of formation of the judiciary in the study period. The above circumstances actualize the theme chosen for the study because of historical and legal analysis of the experience of becoming the organizational and legal mechanism of formation of the judiciary in the RSFSR can make positive adjustments to the process of reforming the modern judicial system in order to avoid the mistakes made in the past. Methodological basis of this work are the general principles and methods of scientific knowledge related to the research unit of the humanities. This includes, in particular, the principles of dialectics: Development and historicism, general scientific approaches - methods of analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, induction and deduction, etc. In addition, were used special methods: formal-legal, concrete historical, comparative legal, chronological, sociological, etc. due to the fact that the presented thesis is the first in the domestic legal science work that attempts to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the organizational and legal mechanism of formation of the judiciary courts of general jurisdiction in the Russian Federation. In the course of the study to obtain new results and conclusions, supplemented, clarified, specifying either refute prevailing in the domestic legal science views on the issues of formation of the judiciary in Soviet Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Belkovets L., Belkovets S.V. —
Economic policy of the Soviet Russia (USSR) during the period of 1920-1930
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 560 - 691.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17476 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17476
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the process of establishment of the Soviet State economic policy during the period of 1920-1930. The author thoroughly examines the legislation on commercial enterprises as the protectors of economic interests of Russia abroad, as well as the consolidation of their status in the international treaties. The author gives characteristic to the new economic policy and concessions as means of attracting the foreign capital into the country. A special attention is given to the fight of the Soviet State for implementation of foreign trade monopolies as one of the ways to preserve the Soviet regime. An objective analysis of the legal acts, international agreements, as well as other diplomatic documents, allowed the author to propose his own unique conception of events associated with the development by the Soviet government of the economic line on the international arena. It became the embodiment of the “socialistic” reforms program in Russia with all characteristic to it positive and negative aspects. This article creates a close to the objective truth image of historical reality.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Vankov A. —
The experience of creating the first digests of laws in the United States: the role of private companies in systematization of legislation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 2.
– P. 39 - 45.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.2.17819 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17819
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Abstract:
The article is aimed at analyzing the American experience related to the emergence of systematization and codification of federal statutory law in the United States. The article explores the reasons that caused the necessity of putting the statutory law in order, the events and decisions that took place during that process. The article proves that by trial and error the American lawmakers were able to elaborate an appropriate mechanism for assembling vast compilations (codes) of law: this job involved in commercial organizations who eventually ensured the success. In this connection, the article contains more general recommendations connected to the methods of using commercial organizations in the codification of legislation. In the modern conditions, the conclusions are made applicable to the organizations dealing with systematization of legislation on noncommercial basis – the developers of the reference legal systems.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krasnov A.V., Skorobogatov A.V. —
Legal value in Russia: theoretical-legal and retrospective analysis
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 126 - 143.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.3.18326 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18326
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The subject of this research is the formulation of theoretical model of legal value as an intersubjective category that substantiates the relation of actors (individuals, local groups, society) to the legal reality on various levels and stages of its development, with attraction of achievements of the legal sciences alongside the social philosophy and phenomenological sociology. The subject also includes the structure of legal values of modern Russia based on the critical analysis of sustainable perceptions about the postulating values, considering the anomie of Russian society, involving the data from the official doctrine and sociological surveys of the population. The methodological foundation consists in the post-classical worldview paradigm in form of phenomenological methodology that defined the choice of specific methods of the study: comparative, anthropological, systemic, the use of which is based on the principle of historicism. The author highlights that the legal value is being viewed as an intersubjective phenomenon, which forms as a result of development of certain relation of the individual and collective actor to the components of legal reality – lawmaking, realization of law, and legal behavior. The scientific novelty lies in the author’s approach towards the notion and characteristics of the category at hand: legal values is considered the system of principles, postulates, and reasoning, which define the attitude of an individual, local community, or society as a whole towards the legal reality. The main form of its existence is the developed by legal consciousness generalized understanding of the desires and (or) necessary essence of various levels of legal reality. Multifacetedness of legal value manifests in the fact that on one hand it is reflected in the legal tradition and legal mentality, and on the other – is capable of influencing the legal consciousness through legal experience. Legal values are justified u the cultural and civilizational factors. The modern Russian system of legal values splits into contending elements – subsystem of the implemented values of “Western” type that competes with the sustainable subsystem of the traditional values. Such state is viewed as a common to the Russian society throughout various historical stages; prevalence of one or another subsystem predetermines the further legal development.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bredikhin V.E. —
Regulation of the composition of Komsomol in the late 1930’s – the early 1940’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 186 - 208.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20229 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20229
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the policy of regulation of the composition of Komsomol during the prewar years as a way of strengthening of social and human resource base of Stalin’s dictatorship. The author examines the peculiarities of the enrollment into the union, as well as the institution of exclusion from Komsomol as the means of increasing of the quality of its composition. In the context of regulation of the composition of Komsomol, the author analyzes the purges of the “Great Terror” period of 1937-1938. For the first time in the new historiography of the strengthening of the regime of Stalin’s dictatorship, the author analyzes the practice of regulation of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the union in the late 1930’s through the mechanism of inclusion/exclusion of its members. The practice of inclusion of the late 1930’s significantly differed from the preceding period: the majority of the enrolled was comprised not by the labor people, but the students, which contributed into the growth of educational potential of the union. The mass inclusion of the youth produced a well-known negative effect: in form of increase of the portion of passive members, which decreased the organizational-executive quality of the Komsomol as the assistant of the party. The sanction policy in the union primarily supported the government interests, which substantiated the high percentage of exclusion of the Komsomol members based on political grounds.
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