Abstract: The object of the study is the metaphor terms in the veterinary terminology system in modern German. The processes of metaphorization of veterinary vocabulary are considered as one of the sources of terminology formation, the analysis of veterinary metaphors in semantic, structural and etymological relations is carried out. Semantically, the terms-metaphors of the veterinary terminological system were grouped by the authors into 5 thematic groups, namely, "Animal body parts", "Diseases, their symptoms and pathologies", "Animals and living organisms", "Veterinary instruments and medicines" and "Diagnostic and therapeutic measures". Such types of metaphorical transference have been identified both by similarity of form and appearance, by similarity of functions, by similarity of impression, by similarity of location and by similarity in the way actions are presented. The main research methods determined by its purpose are semantic, structural and functional, the method of linguistic observation and description, in addition, elements of quantitative analysis are used. The material for the analysis was metaphorical terms in the field of veterinary medicine, taken from the "German-Russian veterinary Dictionary" by V. A. Beskhlebnov, as well as the veterinary lexicon in German. The main conclusions of the study include that, structurally, the most productive word-formation model among veterinary metaphor terms are determinative composites, followed in descending order by terminological phrases divided into attributive, genitive, attributive-genitive and prepositional, derivative metaphors are less productive and isolated cases of one-word metaphors have been identified. From an etymological point of view, the veterinary terminology system presents metaphor terms mainly of German origin, borrowings from other languages are found in small numbers. Metaphorical terms are firmly rooted in veterinary discourse, being one of the sources of replenishment of veterinary terminology.

Keywords: determinative composites, metaphorization, term formation, German language, veterinary discourse, veterinary terminological system, metaphorical transfer, term-metaphor, terminological phrases, hybrid term

Abstract: The subject of the study is L.N. Tolstoy's novel "Resurrection" and its translations into English. As part of this work, two English translations will be analized, one of them (“The Resurrection”) was made in 1899 by Louise Yakovlevna Mood and published by "Alice and Books". The second translation titled “The Awakening" was translated by William Smith and published in 1900 by "New York Street Publishing House". The subject of the study is to identify ways of interlanguage translation of religious terminology from Russian into English. The main focus of the work is on the lexical and semantic analysis of religious lexical units, as well as the analysis of types of translation transformations, of which the most frequent are the selection of equivalent correspondence, descriptive translation and transliteration. The work uses a comparative method that allows us to establish similarities and differences of lexical units in the text of the original novel "Resurrection" and its translations. By means of the contextual analysis method, the dependence of the meaning of these units on the context is analyzed. Using the continuous sampling method, religious terminology is selected and divided into thematic groups: "Names of the sacraments and lexemes associated with them", "Elements and forms of worship", "Elements of the church calendar", "Objects of worship", "Names of the Church hierarchy", "The Temple and its structure, parts", "Vestments of the clergy, their individual parts", "Prayers, texts of prayers and hymns and their components", "Names of church holidays", "Names of books of church content", "Names of ritual food" and "Names of persons of spiritual guarantors". The main difficulty in translation is the rather wide and diverse use of religious nominations, for which the translator needs to understand in detail the features and differences of religious terminology.

Keywords: Tolstoy, translation transformations, comparison, literary text, translation, transliteration, transcription, equivalent, ways of translating, religious terminology

Abstract: The article is devoted to the consideration of cultural codes in Belarusian prose at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries. Research objectives: to justify the use of the term cultural code as a literary concept; using the example of different types of codes to show the features of interpretation of a literary work. The subject of the research is spatial, character, action, animalistic, floristic, color codes in the epic works of Vladimar Gnilomedov, Kastus Tsvirka, Vikror Kazko, Ales Navarich, Andreji Fedorenko. It is noted that the cultural code as a semiotic unit, which is the bearer of deep historical and cultural meanings through which social, economic, geopolitical, cultural features, the specifics of the national worldview, behavior patterns of representatives of a certain nation or the population of the country as a whole are manifested, is considered in literary studies within the framework of semiotic approach. Methods (historical-literary, structural, semantic) and methodological basis of the study are the works of M. Epstein, Y. Kristeva, V. Khalipov, I. Shved and others. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the features of the use of cultural codes in the epic works of modern writers are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn that among the cultural codes found in Belarusian prose, emphasizing national markings, are “partisan forest”, “kuzhal”, “cornflower”, “Belarusian partisan”, “volkolak”, “tolokak”, etc. Practical area application of the results of the work is seen in the possibility of using this material for a deep understanding and study of such academic disciplines as “History of Literature of the CIS Countries”, “History of Belarusian Literature”, university historical and literary courses, during independent research work of students, when writing coursework and theses.

Keywords: prose, Belarusian literature, plant code, animal code, subject code, spatial code, story, novel, national cultural code, code

Abstract: The subject of the article's research is the peculiarities of prepositional-case constructions with the meaning of vehicle in children's monolingual speech, in the speech of Chinese students studying Russian as a foreign language and in the speech of heritage Russian speakers with different dominant languages. The study examines case constructions with the meaning of movement. The specificity of mastering grammatical construction in the course of mastering Russian as a native language, as one of the native languages, and as a foreign language is analyzed. The research material was experimental data collected in a children's classroom and in an adult foreign audience, as well as information from the “Russian Academic Corps /RLC” (Corpus of the Linguistic Laboratory for Corpus Technologies of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, containing information about the development of Russian as a foreign language and native speakers of Russian with different dominant languages). The research methodology included: longitudinal observation of the speech of monolingual children, psycholinguistic experiment in a foreign audience, corpus research method; comparative research, semantic and functional analysis. The scientific novelty of the proposed work lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of data is presented that describes the ways of mastering the case construction with the meaning of indicating transport by Russian-speaking children, Chinese students and heritage native speakers of the Russian language. Typical differences and errors in the choice of construction are considered, the strategy of simplification in the speech of foreign students is described, and the ways of grammatical interference are analyzed. Analysis of errors made by Russian-speaking children and adult foreigners allows us to draw conclusions about the specifics of mastering Russian case meanings. Errors in choosing a case ending with a correctly chosen preposition are often observed in the speech of foreign students and heritage speakers, but do not appear in children's speech. Thus, in the Russian language there is a wide variety of ways to indicate a vehicle. Choosing the correct construction when indicating transport represents a specific difficulty in the course of mastering Russian as a foreign language and requires special attention.

Keywords: prepositional case construction, mediation, an important carrier, the important language, foreign language, native first language, Ontolinguistics, children's speech, speech error, case value

Abstract: The article examines the language tools used to create a positive image of the state in the system of interstate relations using the example of China's global security initiative. Special attention is paid to metaphors as a key element of linguistic influence. The article examines how various metaphorical techniques contribute to the formation of a favorable perception of China in the international arena. Attention is focused on the analysis of official texts related to the Global Security initiative in order to identify and interpret key metaphors. The object of our research is political discourse. The subject of the study is the image of China in the context of the representation of the Global Security Initiative. The research makes a significant contribution to the theory of intercultural communication and political linguistics, expanding the understanding of the role of language in interstate relations and the formation of public opinion. Critical discourse analysis allows us to evaluate the linguistic means of the text used, the pragmatic purpose of which includes not only an informational appeal to the world community explaining the political position of the Chinese government, but also the creation of a certain image of the country. A comprehensive analysis of the use of metaphors in official statements and documents of the People's Republic of China concerning the global security initiative is being conducted. This analysis allows us to identify specific metaphorical constructions that China uses to create a positive image in the international arena.The study deepens the understanding of how metaphors function in interstate relations and influence the perception of China as a peacemaker and stable partner. This includes studying how metaphors contribute to the formation of a positive image and strengthen trust between states. The findings of the study can be applied in the practice of international relations and diplomacy, providing recommendations on the use of language tools to improve the image of the state. This is important for developing effective public diplomacy and communication strategies. The conclusions of the article emphasize the importance of the competent use of metaphors as a tool of diplomacy and a strategic communication resource in the modern world.

Keywords: metaphor analysis, positive image, linguistic tools, political text, conflict resolution, ensuring global security, political discourse, metaphor, language means, image of the state

Abstract: The article presents an understanding of the functioning and role of the Pushkin myth in modern Russian children's literature. In the book of short stories by Kristina Strelnikova "The Magnificent Wreath of Wreaths", Maria Bershadskaya "Pushkin and Company" (the tenth story from the cycle "Big Little Girl"), the novella "P.Ushkin and Pixels" by AI eN (Irina Krestyeva), the story of Ksenia Dragunskaya "Pushkin is urgently needed!" Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin appears not only in the image of a great poet. His presence in modern texts for children, on the one hand, is due to the presence of the Pushkin myth in culture as a whole, on the other – the early acquaintance of children with the work and facts of the poet's biography. The specificity of the image of the personality and creativity of A.S. Pushkin is due to the peculiarities of children's perception: the biography and creativity of the writer are transferred to the everyday sphere. During the research, historical, cultural, comparative and biographical methods of literary criticism were used. A.S. Pushkin in modern literature for children and adolescents is transformed from the image of a brilliant writer into the image of a friend whose everyday life is no less interesting and fascinating than his works. The texts of K. Strelnikova, M. Bershadskaya, and Ai eN reflect the facts of Pushkin's biography (studying at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, marriage, duel), as well as his works (poems, fairy tales are quoted). The Pushkin myth is undoubtedly the most significant literary myth, the myth of genius in Russian culture, which does not lose its relevance over time, but on the contrary, is becoming increasingly widespread in the mass consciousness. Modern children's literature actively uses trends characteristic of "adult" literature, including mythologization, the inclusion of myths about the "new cultural hero", which, of course, is A.S. Pushkin.

Keywords: image of a child, Strelnikova, Bershadskaya, intertextuality, author's image, children's literature, cultural hero, mythologization, Pushkin's myth, biographical myth

Abstract: In the modern media field, new formats implemented in the Internet space are gaining more and more popularity. Convergent processes generate new forms of media content. One of these phenomena is the audio podcast, which is currently not sufficiently studied, many aspects need scientific reflection. In particular, the speech-genre specificity of audio podcasts is of research interest. The object of the undertaken research is educational audio podcasts presented on the platform Smotrim.ru ("100 Minutes" – 26 issues, "Literary squabbles" – 11 issues, "Conversations about literature" – 14 issues, "Diary of his Wife" – 11 issues) and Polka.academy ("Between the lines" – 17 issues), published from 2021 to 2024. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the basic secondary speech genre, representing its primary speech genres objectified in the media texts under study. To achieve the stated goal, both general scientific research methods and private techniques used in media linguistics and media stylistics are used – comparison and interpretation of linguistic facts, speech-genre analysis of media texts. The study of media texts in the context of speech genre studies is relevant and promising, since this research paradigm allows us to identify and describe the basic structural elements of the genre, communicative specifics, intentions and roles of the addressee, to determine the linguistic and stylistic originality of the represented texts. The article presents various points of view on the phenomenon of audio podcasting, formulates its definition, which takes into account not only the technical properties of audio podcasts, but also their content specifics, provides classifications of audio podcasts, systematizes approaches to understanding and researching speech genres, identifies and characterizes the basic secondary speech genre of informative conversation, as well as dominant primary speech included in its structure genres.

Keywords: media text, media discourse, speech genre, media stylistics, media linguistics, convergence, educational audio podcast, audio podcast, speech genre studies, genristics

Abstract: Foreign loanwords are one of the sources of replenishment of the vocabulary of any language. Words of foreign languages make up a significant proportion of Chinese neologisms. The purpose of this study is to classify borrowings in modern Chinese and briefly discuss the methods of their translation into Russian. The object of this article is loanwords in Chinese neologisms based on dictionary materials, and the subject of this work is the types of Chinese loanwords. The material selected for this article is based on the dictionary of "Chinese-Russian dictionary of new words and expressions". This article briefly analyzes the classification of Chinese loanwords, split into three categories: phonetic, semantic and phonetic-semantic loanwords. Then summarizes their main methods of translation using examples. The following methods were used in the work: random selection, descriptive, contextual and transformational analysis. The component analysis method was used to analyze individual words in the text. In conclusion, the types of loanwords from the dictionary since the XXI century are analyzed and the results obtained are summarized. It is shown that when translating Chinese borrowings into Russian, transcription, transliteration, lexico-semantic substitutions, and explication of these four translation methods can be mainly used. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the fact that, based on the analysis of specific examples, it systematizes three types of Chinese loanwords and discusses letter loanwords unique to the Chinese language, which enriches the current results of the study of Chinese loanwords. On the other hand, with the development of time and the constant appearance of new words, the need to translate new Chinese vocabulary into other languages has become acute. This article attempts to provide some reference value to the Russian translation of Chinese loanwords.

Keywords: phonetic and semantic loanwords, semantic loanwords, phonetic loanwords, types of loanwords, translation of borrowings, Chinese loanwords, borrowings, loanwords, neologism, translation methods