Abstract: The article contains non-trivial interpretation of the social chaos. The author takes the concept of Jean Baudrillard as a basis, and then he shows that the breaks of history, various catastrophes and extreme events should not be regarded as failures within the planned, linear and rational development of the social processes. The chaos is not a deviation from the established historical roadmap. It does not exist as a backside of the rational interpretation of social processes. J. Baudrillard shows that social cataclysms, and extraordinary events are regular, since they are similar and they correspond to the social system itself. At the same time, the author notes the inconsistency of thoughts of the French philosopher, who considers that the ripening of the social disasters allows to get rid of irrational formations to some degree. Therefore, the critical pathetic of his original concept is not consistent. The position of the French philosopher is such that chaos gives birth to chaos, and at the same time it frees the historic process from various mystical events. It obviously requires additional arguments or more convincing illustrations.

Keywords: philosophy, chaos, history, cataclysm, society, rationalism, irrationalism, accident, regular evil, virtuality.

Abstract: The article is devoted to one of the forgotten pages in the history of Russian thought — the ideology of return to soil. Its followers supported the preservation and actualization of the Russian people’s soil, as a sacral archetype within the national consciousness, defining the spirit and values of the people.

Keywords: philosophy, soil, land, tradition, return to soil, people, organic, spirit, Orthodox Christianity, religion.

Abstract: Based upon the systemic approach, the author of this article provides analysis of the changes in the worldview from the time when rational mind appeared, as well as the development of philosophical methodology. By showing interdependency and complementary character of idealism and materialism the author supports the conclusion on the need to develop methodology in order to overcome its limitations and its separation from reality.

Keywords: philosophy, worldview, methodology, thinking, system, idealism, materialism, dualism, development, transcendentalism.

Abstract: While globalization makes the global community into the united global economic complex, it shall not be able to totally level out the cultural and philosophical differences between the East and the West, since these differences root in thousands years of history, they are supported at the genetic level as matrixes of two ethnic and social systems (Mongoloid, Caucasoid), and the confrontation between these two systems may end in racial war.

Keywords: philosophy, East, West, Mongoloids, Caucasoid, globalization, racial war, culture, philosophy, culture, matrix.

Abstract: The article contains an attempt to reveal nature, causes and forms of processes of de-individualization of a human being in the situation of global social and anthropological crisis. A human being in a modern age becomes dependent upon various forms of de-individualization (political, economic, media, religious, everyday). The variety of economic offers and political pluralism do not guarantee individual freedom. Rather, they mask the lack of freedom. The thinkers, who wrote about de-individualization of a human being pointed out that the main reason for it was lack of ability and wish to follow the high values. Aiming solely for success, an individual cannot find himself. Neither hypertrorphy Ego, nor dissolved Ego may bring happiness to a person. Such a tragic alternative serves as a basis for deviations, which are so common in the modern society. The nature of the de-individualization processes is that mass society forces a person to make his personality into the means for achieving success, which makes self-development a secondary factor.

Keywords: global social and anthropological crisis, human individuality, alienation, manipulation, freedom, dialogue, Fromm, Ortega-i-Gasset, Heyzinga, Buber, Markuze.

Abstract: The article aims to broaden the methodological basis for the social and philosophical studies of the limit to development of a society. The author points out the topical issues regarding formation of social and philosophical discourse on limitation to development of the society.

Keywords: philosophy, limits, changes, development, measure, conversion, process, discourse, category.

Abstract: The article concerns specific features of fundamental historic processes in Russia (colonization, modernization, globalization). The author singles out such specific features as: hypertrophy of historical subject, persistent lack of resources, climatic determination, stadial violations, discrete character of these processes, their fragmentary and non-systemic character, reversibility of results, excessive costs, growing heterogenic character of the area. The author also analyzes the problems of social and cultural determination of the fundamental social transformations, such as phenomena of Russian ascesis and fellow elders. Much attention is paid to the influence of pseudo-morphosis and pseudo-morphic type of development upon the fundamental historic processes in Russia. Finally, the article includes analysis of the secular element of global historical processes, as well as the changes, which hypothetical transition of Russia into the phase of post-secular development and de-secularization have caused. Finally, the author points out the failure of the direct historical optimism, since history contains much more ambiguous and paradoxical matters, than its followers may imagine. In the point of view of the author, Russia does not firmly follow the path of the progress, rather its development is sinusoidal, and at times spiral.

Keywords: colonization, modernization, globalization, pseudo-morphosis, Russian ascesis, secularization, de-secularization, religion, church, progress.

Abstract: The article contains analysis and critical evaluation of the worldview situation, which is supported by the government structures of the state. Among the dismaying worldview quillets, the author views the lowering of the role of philosophy as responsible free thinking in favor of dogmatism of religion; declarative objectivism of science and utilitarian — commercial type of thinking; introduction of elements of secular eschatology; the government favoring the efficiency principle in the issues of organization of social life. With the reference to the authentically philosophical worldview, as provided for by the expression of Heraclithus, the author formulates and provides basis for a number of specific challenges towards religious and churchly Christian views and practices, alliance of the church and government. The author supports the need and desirable character of metaphysically correct discussions between philosophers and theologians. It is pointed out that it is not acceptable and harmful to have a vulgar pragmatic approach to education and science. The text contains a number of references to the ideas of Niccolo Machiavelli with his non-servile and realistic view of human being and world.

Keywords: human being, worldview, philosophy, religion, science, ideology, ideocracy, Russia, eschatology, efficiency.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the nature and elements of the political system, specific features of its formation, its inseparable connection with the political life, and its value for the political development. The authors discuss the dependency of the political system upon the existence of political relations. The author supports the position that a political system is a general form of political life, which has a functional relation towards the components of political organism. The most important functions of political system are presented as functions of the government and the opposition. They serve as the key elements of the political system, they are interrelated and inevitable for the democratic political process. In the same line other elements of political system are possible, and they include the superstructure functions within the political organism, which are being formed in democratic condition. Establishing the nature of the political system allows to establish and formulate the related law of political development. The author offers analysis of the current interpretation of the political system within the official political science.

Keywords: politics, political activity, political government, political relations, government, opposition, political organism.

Abstract: The article contains analysis of one of the key German concepts: the concept of coziness (Gemütlichkeit). Much attention is paid to the etymology of this term and history of its use in the German culture. The author provides for the key characteristic features of this concept, namely, the connection with the inner world and soul of a person (Gemüt) and the material conditions of the surrounding atmosphere. The article includes analysis of the social element of this phenomenon and comparison of this term and similar terms in other cultures and languages.

Keywords: cultural studies, concept German culture, Gemütlichkeit (coziness), Gemüt (soul, inner world), home, hearth, Angst (existential fear), individualism, bourgeois culture.

Abstract: The article contains the approaches in religious studies towards the True Orthodox Christian movement. The modern studies of the apocalyptic TOC attempt to capture its phenomenon in its whole throughout almost a century of its existence. The author evaluates the similarities and differences between the Orthodox Christianity and True Orthodox movement, analyzing them in detail.

Keywords: philosophy, religious studies, Christianity, Orthodox Christianity, True Orthodox movement, Apocalyptic, movement against the codes, anti-globalism, post-secular, modernity.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the developing method of structural analysis and a new typology of diegetic actors in the narrative and mimetic narrative forms. In order to form a typology of actors, it is offered to use a notion of character, which should not be just mechanically transferred into the theory of narrative culture from psychology, since imaginary actors have no referent figure outside of diegetic world, and, strictly speaking, they have no psyche. However, the actors may be reduced to a combination of characteristic features. It allows to introduce the term of character structure of actors. Consequently, there appears a new typology of actors depending on the structure of their characters — the actors with 0-character, the actors with simple character, and the actors with complicated character. The author offers a quantitative definition of character closeness of actors by providing them with dot-positions in the multi-dimensional space.

Keywords: philosophy, cultural studies, diegetic person, narrative culture, structural analysis, structuralism, semiotic, character structure of an actor, typology of actors, artistic discourse.

Abstract: Currently ethical codes and ethical regulation in the higher education institutions become more and more popular in the USA, the Western European states and Russia. At the same time structure and organization of ethical regulation are not clearly defined, and some researchers deprive ethical regulation of the very term “ethical”. The nature of this matter is quite ambiguous.

Keywords: philosophy, Code, University, regulation, ethics, professional, corporate, compliance, higher educational institution, management.

Abstract: The article contains a study of formation and changes in the term “space” in culture and science. The author analyzes the prerequisites for this term in art, philosophy, science (including the works of R. Descartes, I. Newton, L.Euler). Having introduced a novel term of space and time and having made the work of our mind primary compared to the natural processes by giving space, and not time the leading role, Henri Bergson has provided the conditions for, first of all, criticism and revision of the natural scientific conceptualization of space, and, secondly, for the formation of new terms for time and space in humanitarian and social sciences, better reflecting life and changes in the studied phenomena. The author views two key stages of the formation of the term “space”, which were studied — the works of Aristotle (as one of the conditions for the conceivable movement) and in the Modern Age as the condition for the mathematization of movement. The author discusses the conditions for the transfer of the term “space” from the natural sciences to the social and humanitarian sciences (the change from the physical movement to changes, models to schemes and key categories).

Keywords: philosophy, space, time, length, event, movement, change, cognition, reality, concept.

Abstract: The article evaluates the elements of subjective idealism in the art of the anime — director Makoto Shinkai. The author analyzes a number of works of Makoto Shinkai in order to distinguish its subjective idealistic component. The author also gives analysis of the artistic value of certain works and art of Makoto Shinkai as a whole.

Keywords: philosophy, idealism, art, anime, individuality, subjectivism, worldview, reality, Makoto Shinkai, Berkley.