Abstract: The purpose of this study is to compare Russian and Chinese speech etiquette means of communication in communication of different types. The object of the study is the forms of expression of speech etiquette in Russian and Chinese: address and greeting. The subject of the study is the manifestation of cultural peculiarities of speech etiquette in Russian and Chinese. Such speech situations as everyday communication, business communication, communication of acquaintances and strangers and other social situations are considered. In the course of the study, the method of comparative research, the method of collecting literature was used as the main one. The relevance of the study is determined by the insufficiency of comparative works of Russian and Chinese speech etiquette. The scientific novelty of this study consists in the introduction to the comparative analysis of new linguistic material obtained from literary and journalistic texts, as well as from the Internet. Russian Russian and Chinese speech etiquette The results of this study can be useful in further comparative study of Russian and Chinese speech etiquette, as well as for teaching business etiquette in the framework of cultural studies courses, since due to the continuous development of relations between the two countries, the number of people involved in them increases: those who study Russian and Chinese languages. Speech etiquette is a branch of communicative linguistics, therefore, in-depth study of speech etiquette is of significant importance in international communication. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that speech etiquette is an important component of the national language and culture; the etiquette code of Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures has similarities and differences, which is associated with the process of historical accumulation of national characteristics and cultural development.

Keywords: Chinese linguoculture, Russian linguoculture, business appeal, communication, linguistic culture, label formulas, greeting, appeal, speech etiquette, etiquette

Abstract: In the concept sphere of any nation, the concepts of “man” and “woman” occupy one of the central places. The subject of the research is the concept of “man” from the point of view of sociocultural representation of sex, i.e. in line with gender developments in the American, Russian and Ossetian press, since it is known that the media, on the one hand, reflect gender stereotypes, on the other, they contribute to their formation. The author analyzes the nominations of men in the light of subject-logical factors, gives a classification of examples, compares the gender stereotype of men in three cultures. The method of continuous sampling was collected 680 examples of nominations of men from the press in three languages. The method of classification and structural-semantic analysis allowed us to divide the examples into groups. The relevance of the research is given by the fact that this concept is studied taking into account the specifics of its representation in different cultures, i.e. in line with the theory of intercultural communication. The involvement in the orbit of the study of the Ossetian language, which has not yet been studied from the point of view of gender relations, the poor knowledge of the Russian language, and the comparative analysis of the gender roles of men in the Russian, Ossetian and English languages determines the novelty of the study.

Keywords: masculine nomination, gender roles, masculinity, globalization, intercultural communication, the Ossetic language, stereotype, gender, the English language, the Russian language

Abstract: In this article Shteba analyzes the causal approach to defining the presence/absence fo provation features in communications behavior of a participant in a dialogue. The author differentiates between the definition of provocation and related terms describing direct or indirect psychological effect, direct, indirect or ulterior incitation. The author also provides a number of criteria allowing to define the dependence between communication actions of participants and transference of money by one of participants. These criteria include such dual terms as initiality/reactivity, determinabiilty/non-determinability, conventionality/non-conventionality, intensity/passivity, quantity/quality, rationality/irrationality, explicite/implicite information, verbality/(para-) non-verbality. The researcher has applied the methods of definitive and contextual analysis of cases when the word 'provocation' is used based on the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian Language in order to give a definition of the term 'provocation'. Further, the authro has viewed expert practice using elements of th conversational analysis and defining trigger utterances as well as reaction utterances. The main conclusion of the research is the author's provision that constituents of causality can be viewed as psycholinguistic features when defining the presence/absence of the features of provocative communications behavior demonstrated by one of interlocutors. The author also suggests that we should view provocation as a communication event that implies manipulation and incitation. At the same time the author underlines that it is methodologically wrong to interpret provocation in terms of imperativity and psychological effect. 

Keywords: implicite information, agonality, causality, forensic linguistics, suggestive effect, indirect speech, direct incitation, manipulation, provocation, indirect incitation

Abstract: The research subject is the various methods of comment information in the modern news media text. The research object is news of the media texts of Russian versions of the Ukrainian Internet sites and the electronic versions of newspapers. Stetsenko has analyzed the functional and genre features of news texts of modern print media discussed in the aspects of the speech influence, categorical content of the news media text, the interaction of verbal and nonverbal series of news publications, category estimates. Particular attention is paid to methods of expressing the authors opinion about the news facts. The main method used in the work is media linguistic analysis method by which the patterns of verbal interaction and media series are discovered and described, also the functioning of the elements of all media text levels are studied. The scientific novelty of the work is caused by the fact that the author selects and describes certain techniques in the text of the news. The techniques allow the author to comment on published information (language game in the headlines of media text, text references to authoritative sources ; appeal to the preceding events, facsimiles with verbal component, signatures under the facsimiles. It is concluded that different methods of comment are used in the news media texts as a source to a recipient.

Keywords: language game, estimation, pragmatic potential, iconic elements of the media text, category comments, macrostructure of news media text, news media text, facsimiles, precedent phenomena, references

Abstract: The article analyzes the problem of transmitting the scientific knowledge from one language environment into the other on the example of the translation of the clinical psychology information from Russian into Bashkir and vice versa. The multicultural character of the modern science is stated particularly in the clinical psychology created by psychologists from different countries. This makes it necessary to transmit the knowledge from one culture to the other. The article tells history of the clinical psychology development, shows the necessity of compiling dictionaries of scientific terminology on different stages of the development of this science. Methodologically the article is based on the principles of transmitting the scientific knowledge and on the concept of the connections between a word and an image. The main method used in the article is the method of a theoretical analysis of the scientific literature. The important role of dictionaries is claimed in the course of the clinical psychology development, as they are the means of transmitting the knowledge. Also the article notes the necessity to compile the Russian-Bashkir dictionaries to translate specific clinical terminology. The article analyzes the history of creating the Russian-Bashkir dictionaries and gives the description of the present-day situation of the problem. The article also shows fields of application of the Russian-Bashkir Clinical Psychology dictionary when it is worked out.

Keywords: knowledge transmission, the Russian language, the Bashkir language, dictionary of terms, clinical psychology, language, speech, science, scientific information, translation