Abstract: The research subject is the historical and politological analysis of the formation and realization of the national innovation policy of Russia. The analysis of the national innovation policy in this context can allow illustrating the process of its formation, development and modernization, the methods of formation and realization, the transformation of the institutional base, the technologies of interaction of political institutions in the process of formation and realization of the national innovation policy and normative-legal regulation; that is to say, it gives the opportunity of a retrospective characteristic of the formation and development of the national innovation policy model of Russia. The application of the retrospective method of study of the national innovation policy of Russia allows detecting its historical peculiarities, including the specificity of formation of the priorities, considering its key drawbacks, the main propulsive forces influencing the processes of its formation, development and realization. The novelty of the study consists in the fact that most works in the field of studying the innovation policy and activity are devoted to the economic aspect, particularly to the peculiarities of innovation partnership between entrepreneurs and the state; the present study demonstrates the connection between the political and cultural context and the modern condition of the national innovation policy of Russia. 

Keywords: Scientific and technological complex, Historical peculiarities of formation, realization of the national policy, formation of the national policy, Politological analysis, political and cultural cultural context, Political institutions, national innovation policy, innovation policy model, Institutional framework