Abstract: The evolution of democratic values in China has been a complex and multifaceted process that has undergone significant changes throughout history. From ancient times to the present, the interpretation and implementation of democratic principles have been influenced by various social, cultural, and political factors. The concept of democracy in China has evolved through different stages, including ancient China, feudal China, and the development of China's political system under the People's Republic. Throughout these stages, democratic values have been shaped by Confucian principles, the influence of Western ideas, the Chinese Communist Party's ideology, and the need to adapt democratic systems to China's unique circumstances. By conducting a conceptual content analysis of theoretical works and normative documents, comparative analysis and historical analysis, this study reveals that cultural values and norms shape the interpretation and implementation of democracy, while democratic systems influence and transform cultural dynamics within societies. The historical retrospective of China's democratic values offers a unique perspective, highlighting the evolution of democracy in a specific cultural and political context. The Chinese approach to democracy has emphasized people's participation, consultative democracy, grassroots democracy, and the combination of socialist principles with market reforms. China's ongoing efforts to improve governance, rule of law, transparency, and public participation reflect its commitment to further develop its democratic values in the context of its own historical and cultural framework. The findings emphasize the intricate relationship between culture and democracy and call for a comprehensive understanding of democratic values in different cultural and institutional frameworks.

Keywords: collective decision-making, economic development, Minben, People's Republic of China, political system, Chinese Communist Party, culture, democratic values, democracy, Chinese approach

Abstract: Today, the influence of BRICS (Brazil-Russia-India-China-South African Republic) on world economy and the formation of global regulation and coordination mechanisms for regional and sub-regional associations, grows rapidly. In the end, this reinforces the multi-level system of world economy management that allows for more stability, and, with a crisis at hand, helps compensate for temporary problems. Because if this, the integrated association is under constant informational pressure on behalf of the USA. The methodological basis for this research consists of the systemic, structural-functional, comparative-political and informational approaches, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis, observation, expert evaluations, modeling, comparison. The author demonstrates the evolution of BRICS integration mechanisms, and attempts to uncover the technologies that Russia and Brazil employ to defend against the USA in information warfare. The author analyzes and describes the system of ideological and value-based war between BRICS and leading Western countries (spearheaded by the USA and their politico-military allies), that allows to deter the growing American expansion and defend BRICS sovereignty via the means of information and psychological warfare.

Keywords: Conflict studies, foreign politics, Russia, BRICS, international relations, diplomacy, cyber warfare, values, security.

Abstract: This article is focused on researching the linguistics factor in the bilateral relations between the two largest world economies — China and USA. In public life, the growth of importance of language leads to an increase of conscious interference into language practices of the «new media», by using special technologies. This article analyzes the role of linguistic representation of USA as an object of geopolitics and the construction of the reader’s world view in terms of China-US relationship. The author examines and analyzes Chinese media texts (information and analytical materials) for information and communication technology applications, and attempts to classify them. The methodology of this research is systemic, structural-functional, political-linguistic, comparativepolitical, approaches, the methods of analysis, synthesis, observation, content analysis. Chinese media texts serve as units for the analysis of interactions among political science, political journalism, political linguistics and demand further thought and research. The movement towards analyzing the mutual influence of linguistic and political aspects of linguistic manipulation in foreign «new media » appears to be a promising vector for political linguistics and modern communication studies within the structure of Russian political science. Now, from the instrumentarium standpoint, it is more important than ever to have an understanding of projects and technologies of mass-media, social media — especially the foreign ones. Those are systems that permit the filtering of information, for media workers to be aware of media streams, for researchers and analysts who need to process large streams of information.

Keywords: Conflict studies, foreign policy, Chinese new media, linguistic influence strategy, political media course, USA, China, mediatexts, translation, security.