Abstract: The subject of this article is the analysis of the demographic situation in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in the 2000s. The demographic situation in the largest autonomous region of the People's Republic of China is considered in a historical context. Xinjiang, inhabited by Turkic-speaking peoples, the largest of which are the Uighurs, has traditionally been a troubled region and has caused concern to the Chinese authorities. To stabilize the situation, the central Government of the People's Republic of China is launching economic programs aimed at developing the autonomous region and improving the standard of living of the local population. The demographic policy of the People's Republic of China, aimed at regulating the birth rate, but providing benefits for representatives of national minorities, is proving to be quite effective. In the first quarter of the XXI century, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has seen an increase in population and a certain improvement in the quality of life, including income levels, the development of education and healthcare. This study is based on historical analysis of public sources of the central government, government statistical reports, and Chinese academic articles. The methodological basis of the research is the work of foreign historians and sociologists who characterize the specific features of China's demographic policy. In general, this study was carried out in accordance with the methods of historical periodization, retrospective and socio-psychological methods.   The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of insufficiently studied aspects of the demographic development of Xinjiang at the present stage in the national historical science. Previously, stories related to the development of the XUAR in the context of the economic development of the People's Republic of China as a whole were popular among scientific circles. At the same time, little attention was paid to the intraregional specifics of Xinjiang itself, especially in connection with the local ethnic and religious situation. This paper examines the factors determining the importance of the region for the Chinese government, analyzes official measures aimed at regulating the demographic situation and the response from representatives of national minorities. The article focuses on the conflict-prone nature of the region, in which, despite ongoing socio-economic reforms, the threat of terrorism and religious extremism persists.

Abstract: The subject of the study is the methodology for the formation of universal educational activities that are trained in the process of implementing the final individual project. The object of the research is universal learning activities. In the course of the study, a model for the formation of universal educational activities was developed, as well as a form for studying the level of their formation. In the course of the study, the theoretical foundations of the process of forming skills and abilities were studied, the results of scientific works aimed at studying the use of final individual project as a form of attestation of students, as well as the provisions of the main legal acts that consolidate these theses, were used. The Federal State Standards consecrate the requirements for the results of the development of the main educational program, including the implementation of the final individual project. Concretizing the used theoretical provisions on universal educational activities, a pedagogical model of their formation in the process of creating final individual project was developed. This model is a practical understanding and consistent implementation of the theoretical vision of the process of their formation. The pedagogical model of the formation of universal educational activities can be used both in the phased implementation of the final individual project, and in the analysis of final works, at the stage of demonstrating and summing up the results of activities.
Based on the methods used for organizing experimental work, a phased plan was implemented aimed at the formation of universal educational activities through the implementation of final individual project. A comparative analysis at the final stage of the experimental work revealed a positive dynamic in the formation of universal educational activities, which was confirmed by the results in the experimental group of students.