Abstract: The subject of this research is the social work with military personnel, while the object is the socio-psychological adaptation of young soldiers. This article demonstrates the problems of adaptation of military personnel to the conditions of army. Special attention is given to socio-psychological problems of adaptation of the participants of military operations, which should be solved on the state level, as well as to the development of new social policy with regards for military personnel and their families. It is underlined that is an immensely serious, psychologically difficult process that requires scientific approaches, high level of competence of the persons performing such activity, and elaboration of the new normative legal framework that can meet the demands for their professional training. Taking into account the key aspects and techniques of social work on adaptation of military personnel, theoretical and methodological research on the topic, the author comes to the conclusion that a wide range of activities requires better professional training of the people involved, and it should be provided in the higher education institutions with the specialization in “Social Work”. Such activity should be conducted on the state level, as it implies the development of a new normative legal framework that regulates the introduction of social services into military units, as well as the organization of training of military personnel within the system of education of social workers that incorporates research and implementation of new social work techniques with regards to military personnel.