Abstract: The article is devoted to structural grammatical models of Ukranian phraseological units with the heart component. Despite a great number of researches on phraseology, modelling of phraseological units is still an understudied issue while many researchers believe it to be a new and promising area of researches devoted to the phraseological corpus of the language. The aim of the research is to find phraseological units with the heart component in novels written by Ukranian writers and determine dominating types of their structural grammatical models. The methodological and theoretical frameworks include researches of L. Avskentiev, V. Arkhangelsky, A. Babkin, V. Vinogradov, V. Zhukov, B. Larin, V. Mokienko, V. Telia, and N. Shansky. The results of the analysis carried out by the author demonstrate that structural grammatical models of Ukranian phraseological units with the heart component have a very varied structure. Regardless of their structure, phraseological units correlate to certain parts of speech depending on their meaning and syntactical function. Phraseological models can be divided into two groups: 1) equal to word combinations (6 models); and 2) equal to sentences (2 models). The main conclusions of the research demonstrate a great variety of phraseological models and specifics and singularity of Ukranian phraseological units. The authors also underline that it is impossible to carry out modern analysis of phraseology without taking into account modelability of a language structure. 

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of complex cases when there is a need to differentiate between subordinate parts of the sentence according to traditional classifications (the case study of the Ukranian language). Despite a great number of practical guidelines and theoretical concepts, differentiation between parts of the sentence is still an unsolved issue, especially because there are new aspects of their description appearing at each new stage of scientific research. The rationale of the topic is emphasized by the great variety of concepts and approaches to describing the place of sentence components in relation to other syntactic units, their classification, differentiation criteria, formal, semantic and communicative differentiation. The authors of the article describe means of differentiation between subordinate parts of a sentence depending on their differential structural-semantic features. They also define a set of possible synonymous transformations to define parts of sentences. The researchers also offer their own mechanism for differentiation between object and unagreed attribute taking into account lexico-grammatical peculiarities of the principal and subordinate components of a sentence. They give grounds for differentiation between apposition and word being identified. The methodological and theoretical grounds of the research include researches of F. Buslaev, D. Ovsyanikov-Kulikovsky and others. The authors have applied the method of description to write this article. As a conclusion, they state that analyzed problems of differentiation between subordinate parts of a sentence demonstrate the main drawback of traditional education, i.e. combination of semantic and formal features in interpretation of parts of a sentence. According to the authors, it is possible to avoid difficulty differentiation between structural-semantic components if traditional classification will be improved, in particular, it is necessary to acknowledge syncretism of the classification of parts of a sentence or analysis of minimal syntactic units against formal-syntactical, semantic-syntactical and communicative structures of a sentence.