Abstract: The study describes the characteristics of loneliness and anxiety experienced by adolescents of the older and younger age groups who use surfactants and are undergoing rehabilitation in a drug treatment center. The object of the study is the peculiarities of experiencing loneliness and anxiety, the subject was their predictive role in the formation of adolescents' addiction to surfactants in different age groups. The aim of the study is to identify the characteristics of loneliness and anxiety of adolescents who use surfactants. The novelty of the conducted research lies in the study of adolescents suffering from chemical dependence and who are in the process of rehabilitation. To conduct the study, we used the following methods: assessment of the subjective experience of loneliness by D. Russell, M. Ferguson (UCLA); the A.Beck anxiety scale (BAI); the scale of overt anxiety for teenagers by A.M. Parishioners. The study involved 50 adolescents (25 boys and 25 girls, 20 of them younger adolescents (10 boys and 10 girls) and 30 older adolescents (15 boys and 15 girls) who use various types of surfactants and are undergoing rehabilitation in drug treatment centers. The sample of respondents is maximally ordered by gender, age and sociodemographic criteria (full families, average income, permanent residence in Moscow and/or the Moscow region, regular use of surfactants of the same type). As a result of the study, we identified stable features in experiencing anxiety and subjective loneliness: adolescent boys of both age groups are more likely to experience loneliness as a misunderstanding from others and an average level of anxiety, while the anxiety level of adolescent girls is significantly higher and is associated with the manifestation of the scale of social desirability. At the same time, adolescents of the younger age group are prone to higher levels of anxiety, while older adolescents are prone to deeper experiences of subjective loneliness in terms of impaired social interactions.

Abstract: The subject of this article is the relationship between the subjective experience of loneliness in older and younger adolescents, as well as the ways of forming self-destructive addictive behavior through the use of psychoactive substances (surfactants). The subjective experience of loneliness is a relatively new psychological phenomenon that reflects the subjective experiences of a person in a situation of loneliness. The problem of loneliness has worsened due to the pandemic, the stress of self-isolation has caused an upsurge in addictive behaviors, including compulsive shopping, overeating, alcohol and drug abuse, as well as gambling. Most often, addictions were manifested in people without support from family and friends.Traditionally, in Russian psychological practice, loneliness is considered as a negative phenomenon, but in this study we understand it as a predicative factor (predictor) of the development of dependence on surfactants in adolescence.   The methods used in this study are: the questionnaire method, the method of individual conversation, the method of prevention.
Research methods:Questionnaire of loneliness experience by E.A. Manakova; Questionnaire DOPO-3k (Differential questionnaire of loneliness experience) by E.N. Osina, D.A. Leontieva; Methodology "Scale of subjective loneliness experience (SPO)" by S.V. Dukhnovsky; Author's questionnaire "Use of psychoactive substances". The scientific novelty of this study is to study the hypertrophied experience of loneliness as a predictor of the formation of auto-destructive addictive behavior against the background of desirable social integration due to the use of socially acceptable surfactants (nicotine, alcohol). The purpose of the study is to study the subjective experience of loneliness in adolescents as a predictor of auto-destructive addictive behavior. As a result of the conducted research, the main characteristics of the subjective experience of loneliness by adolescents of younger and older age groups and the specifics of the formation of addictive behavior in the aspect of the use of surfactants were revealed.After analyzing various scientific papers and studies, it can be concluded that this problem has not yet been fully studied. The analysis of various scientific sources made it possible to understand that the feeling of loneliness in an acute form first appears precisely in adolescence, when there is a search for one's own identity and connections with the outside world.