Abstract: The article studies special features of law institutions which unable the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation to participate in financial law relations and achieve the financial purposes and goals set forth by the state as a part of normative legal acts. The author of the article studies peculiarities of setting legal capability and capacity, rights and responsibilities, powers, purposes and goals of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation as a part of the Government Decree No. 329 of June 30, 2004 on the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid at usign the institution of legal personality in the sphere of financial state activities. The author also makes certain conclusions about the legal status of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation as the subject of law in general and the subject of financial law in particular. Special attention is paid at the influence of certian factors and legal categories (legal capacity and capability) allowing the Ministry to participate in financial law relations.