Abstract: The problem of conservation and transmission of their culture is important for the religious communities, namely for Muslims. The educational path of children born to Muslim families in the multicultural society may either coincide or differ from the path of their peers. This article examines the existing trajectories of public education in the Muslim community of Ufa. Analysis is conducted on such forms of education as: public schools for religious children; stay-at-home family education; and private schools. In the first instance, the restraining factors for believers are the absence of halal food and the difficulty of manifestation of identity through clothing. In the second instance, believers there are no two aforementioned problem, but lack of socialization. In the third instance, the financial situation of the religious families matters. Meanwhile, the Ufa Muslim community is discussing the creation of educational projects that would meet the needs of religious parents, produce and reproduce the Muslim elite, since the state education system is not yet capable of solving these issues.

Abstract: Examination of the role of school in Soviet ethnography remains a blank spot in the anthropology of education. However, despite the absence of this subdiscipline, the author indicates the interest of Soviet ethnographers in reorganization of educational sphere. Use of the method of content analysis of the journal “Soviet Ethnography” reveals the role of general education on the map of ethnographic science of the era of totalitarianism (1937– 1953). This stage is characterized by one of the major intrusions into science, which is clearly reflected in publications of humanities journals. The author highlights the common semantic structures – patterns and repetitive statements typical for most articles. These statement lead to the following conclusions: criticism of the prerevolutionary system of education, exclusion of religion from the system of education, and exposure of the problems in the system of education of foreign capitalist countries. At the same time, there was the task to emphasize the successes of Soviet education: elimination of illiteracy; growing number of schools, students, and teachers; and the role of schools in cultural development the Soviet Union. In face of ideological restriction, many ethnographers have identified separate issues and offered their recommendations for the Soviet system of education. These unique observations are the contribution made by the Soviet ethnographic science to the cultural interpretation of the school.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the trajectories of extracurricular learning in Muslim families of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The educational trajectories of various ethno-confessional groups have certain focus areas or “blind zones” substantiated by the religious worldview, ethnic specificity, and other sociocultural factors. Muslim community of the Republic of Bashkortostan is also concerned with the problem of conveying cultural values to the next generation. The trajectories of extracurricular leaning of the children from religious families are reflected in a number of patterns that differ from the educational path of their agemates. The author determines the focus areas in upbringing and educational tasks of the Muslim families, the range of pedagogical literature of Muslim parents, as well as the main forms of extracurricular learning of children in Muslim families and the role of religious education therein. The article provides the results of sociological survey, which demonstrates that the physical and intellectual development of children is the priority vectors for the Muslim parents; while, for example, aesthetic development is not as important. It is also underlined that Muslim families not always can afford the desirable amount of activities for their children.

Abstract:  
This article describes the main problems emerging at the intersection of the two developing subdisciplines of anthropological science: anthropology of education and anthropology of religion. The author lists such problems as atheistic and religious socialization of school students, correlation of confessional self-identification with educational process, religious minorities at school, religious organizations at school, consumption and reproduction of religious media, language, role of class culture, religious literacy, and link between anthropology of education and religion. Each of the aforementioned problems requires particularization and explication; all of them are quite broad, and in sense, just the attempts of comprehending the extensive locus of the anthropology of education and the anthropology of religion. This study just outlines the framework of future vectors of development on the topic. The indicated directions may also be used in arrangement of curriculum for religious studies in the educational establishments.

Abstract: The aim of this theoretical article is to discuss the relevance of the field of education for the subject area of the specialization "Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology." The content of the specialization "Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology" is the study of the history and of the modern state of mankind in the form of its specific groups - ethnoses. The directions indicated in the passport of the named specialization cannot be limited to only the study of ethnoses. The field of application of ethnography and of the ethnographic method can be linked to the study of such a sphere of culture as education. The conclusions of this study are based on an analysis of domestic and foreign scientific anthropological theoretical literature on education. The study of the field of education for the specialization "Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology" is tied to the following reasons: education is part of culture; education is an important element of everyday life; education as a state institution can influence and level out certain elements of ethnic culture; the interaction of different ethnic groups with the sphere of education is different from one another; education is the tracing-paper with the ethnic processes in society; the state provides the variability of the forms of individual elements within the content of education in view of the ethnic factors; education is an important part of research within applied ethnology.