Abstract: Jade products that imitate ancient Chinese art samples are a special kind of objects that, in their form and decor, are close to or likened to more ancient works of arts and crafts. The article explores the artistic form and characteristic features of imitations of ancient jade products of the Qing era, presented in the collections of Russian museums and the Palace Museum of China. The object of the study are objects of Chinese art of jade carving, which are in the collection of the Palace Museum (Beijing), the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg) and the State Museum of Oriental Art (Moscow), where the use of imitations of ancient objects was discovered.
Artistic analysis of jade imitations allows us to conclude that the works of the Qing era were more complex and diverse in form, decor and carving techniques compared to Han products, while the craftsmen, although they managed to preserve the classical sophistication of objects, lost the severity and solemnity of Han jade. As well as the art history analysis of the works, one can see that the forms and decors of jade objects are the product of aesthetic consciousness. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the varieties and features of imitations of ancient jade during the Qing Dynasty are summarized, and the huohuan technique in jade processing is confirmed. This may be of interest to researchers in related scientific fields.

Abstract: In a variety of cultural contexts, primitive ideas invariably corresponded to the socio-cultural background of the era, as a result of which many legends and religious rituals associated with jade were formed. The subjects of the Chinese art of jade carving are the fruit of centuries–old cultural and historical experience. They are an expression of the spirit of national culture in the form. Thus, the subject of this study is the Chinese carved jade from the collection of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography Peter the Great (Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (hereinafter - the Kunstkamera). The subject of the study are objects of Chinese jade carving art, which are in the collection of the Kunstkamera.
The main conclusion of this study is that the subjects made in jade carving were associated with mythology and religion, and their artistic expression reflected the jade culture of different historical periods and representations of different social strata. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article focuses on determining the age of jade products by analyzing their plots, and also confirms that ancient artists, through geometric shapes and dynamism of the pine tree image as one of the central images of plant plots, enhanced the transmission of spatial perspective in the art of jade carving. This may be of interest to researchers in related scientific fields.