Abstract: The subject of the research is the legal regulation of road safety in the Russian Federation at the present stage. The object of the research is public relations arising in the field of road safety. Special attention is paid to the changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of road traffic over the past five years as well as the prospects for improving legal regulation in this area to achieve the indicators laid down in the Road Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018-2024. The methodological basis of the research includes general and special research methods, in particular, analysis, formal legal method, statistical method, and logical method. The author comes to the conclusion that in order to preserve the existing dynamics of mortality reduction in road traffic, it is necessary to develop and apply new approaches to improving road safety. Achievement of this goal should be carried out at the expense of material and technical re-equipment of control and supervisory bodies and emergency services, development of information technologies, equipping health care organizations with sanitary transport, advocacy and educational work including among minor participants in the movement and their parents.