Abstract: The problem of studying the traditional cultures of the peoples of Russia is relevant in the modern social science and humanities research. A significant role in this process is played by literature that reveals the peculiarities of ethnopoetics, worldview, and perception of the world. In fiction writing, the ethnic specificities are reflected in depiction in the natural world, everyday life, mentality, as well ethnographic features of lifestyle of a certain community. Based on the novel by Mikhail Osharov (1894-1937), the article examines the ethnographic peculiarities of depicting the world and man. Analysis is conducted on images of the characters through the specificity of their ethnopsychological consciousness and traditional worldview. The research employs semantic and axiological methods. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of the national concept of the world through ethnographic peculiarities of depicting literary mages in the novel “Big Argish” by Mikhail Osharov. The novel was written in the Russian language, describing the unique culture, traditions and customs of the Evenki people of the early 1930s. During the political repressions, Mikhail Osharov was shot, and his artistic heritage was eliminated from the sociocultural space of the Soviet literature and literary studies. In the context of returning the names and heritage of the repressed writers, develops a new perspective of the literary works. In his novel, Mikhail Osharov preserved the peculiarities of traditional culture and everyday life of the Evenki people of the early XX century.

Abstract: In theoretical and methodological studies of national literatures, one of the fundamental problems is the analysis of the world picture. The article examines the national picture of the world in the works of Buryat writers of the first third of the XX century on the example of the works of B. Bradin (1878-1937) and P. Dambinov, who wrote under the pseudonym Solbone Tuya (1892-1938). The key concepts ("space" and "time"), images and poetic metaphors are identified and considered. Their representation in artistic creativity in the context of the birth of the national Buryat literature was due to their proximity to the all-Mongol culture, the specifics of ethnic culture, confessional views, peculiarities of consciousness and philosophical aspects of the problem of the world and man as a whole. В  Today, the literary heritage of the first writers of Buryatia is practically not represented in individual author's publications, especially those representatives of the literary art who were repressed and whose works were not published for a long time. The creative heritage of these authors is collected literally by crumbs, according to archival documents and other materials. The main methods of analyzing the poetic heritage of writers were axiological, semiotic and structural-semantic. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the national concept of the world in the work of the founders of Buryat literature as a unique phenomenon of national literature with pronounced ethno-cultural elements.